7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

1/17

WATERQUALITY CONSIDERATION

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

2/17

1.1 Microbial aspects

1.2 Disi!ectio

1." C#e$ical aspects

1.% Ra&iolo'ical aspects

1.( Acceptabilit) aspects

*eeral cosi&eratios a&priciples

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

3/17

Sa!et) is icrease& i! $+ltiple barriers are i place,

icl+&i' protectio o! -ater reso+rces, properselectio a& operatio o! a series o! treat$etsteps a& $aa'e$et o! &istrib+tio s)ste$s to$aitai a& protect treate& -ater +alit).

T#e pre!erre& strate') is a $aa'e$et approac#

t#at places t#e pri$ar) e$p#asis o pre/eti' orre&+ci' t#e etr) o! pat#o'es ito -aterso+rces a& re&+ci' reliace o treat$etprocesses !or re$o/al o! pat#o'es.

Microbial aspects

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

4/17

Dri0i'-ater sa!et) is ot relate& ol) to

!aecal cota$iatio. So$e or'ais$s 'ro-i pipe& -ater &istrib+tio s)ste$s e.'.,Legionella3, -#ereas ot#ers occ+r i so+rce-aters '+iea -or$ Dracunculus

medinensis3 a& $a) ca+se o+tbrea0s a&i&i/i&+al cases. So$e ot#er $icrobes e.'.,to4ic c)aobacteria3 re+ire speci5c$aa'e$et approac#es.

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

5/17

Disi!ectio is o! ++estioable i$portace

i t#e s+ppl) o! sa!e &ri0i'-ater.T#e &estr+ctio o! $icrobial pat#o'es is

essetial a& /er) co$$ol) i/ol/es t#e+se o! reacti/e c#e$ical a'ets s+c# as

c#lorie.

Disi!ectio

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

6/17

E4pos+re to #i'# le/els o! 6+ori&e, -#ic# occ+rs at+rall), ca

lea& to $ottli' o! teet# a&, i se/ere cases, crippli' s0eletal6+orosis. Si$ilarl), arseic $a) occ+r at+rall), a& e4cesse4pos+re to arseic i &ri0i'-ater $a) res+lt i a si'i5catris0 o! cacer a& s0i lesios. Ot#er at+rall) occ+rri'c#e$icals, icl+&i' +rai+$ a& selei+$, $a) also 'i/e riseto #ealt# cocer -#e t#e) are preset i e4cess.

T#e presece o! itrate a& itrite i -ater #as bee associate&-it# $et#ae$o'lobiae$ia, especiall) i bottle!e& i!ats.Nitrate $a) arise !ro$ t#e e4cessi/e applicatio o! !ertili7ers or!ro$ leac#i' o! -aste-ater or ot#er or'aic -astes ito s+r!ace-ater a& 'ro+&-ater

Chemical aspects

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

7/17

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

8/17

E/iro$etal ra&iatio ori'iates !ro$ a +$ber o!

at+rall) occ+rri' a& #+$a$a&e so+rces. Ra&ioacti/e $aterials occ+r

at+rall) e/er)-#ere i t#e e/iro$et

e.'., +rai+$, t#ori+$ a& potassi+$%83. 9) !ar t#elar'est proportio

o! #+$a e4pos+re to ra&iatio co$es !ro$ at+ralso+rces : !ro$ e4teral so+rces

o! ra&iatio, icl+&i' cos$ic a& terrestrial ra&iatio, a&!ro$ i#alatio or i'estio

o! ra&ioacti/e $aterials

Radiological aspects

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

9/17

Radiation exposure through drinking-water

Ra&ioacti/e costit+ets o! &ri0i'-ater ca res+lt !ro$;

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

10/17

Water s#o+l& be !ree o! tastes a& o&o+rs t#at

-o+l& be obBectioable to t#e $aBorit) o!cos+$ers.

I assessi' t#e +alit) o! &ri0i'-ater,cos+$ers rel) pricipall) +po t#eir seses.Microbial, c#e$ical a& p#)sical -ater

costit+ets $a) aect t#e appearace, o&o+r ortaste o! t#e -ater, a& t#e cos+$er -ill e/al+atet#e +alit) a& acceptabilit) o! t#e -ater o t#ebasis o! t#ese criteria

Acceptability aspects

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

11/17

iel& Meas+re& ara$eters p

Al0aliit)

Co&+ctace

Saliit)

Dissol/e& O4)'e

T+rbi&it)

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

12/17

pH

Meas+res #)&ro'e iococetratio

Ne'ati/e lo' o! #)&ro'eio cocetratio

Ra'es !ro$ 8 to 1% st&.+its

p F e+tral

8 F aci&ic

F 1% al0alie

Thanks to Phil Brown

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

13/17

Conductivity

Meas+res electricco&+cti/it) EC3 o!-ater

i'#er /al+e $eas-ater is a betterelectrical co&+ctor

Icreases -#e $oresalt e.'., so&i+$

c#lori&e3 is &issol/e&i -ater

I&irect $eas+re o!saliit)

Uits are G$#os>c$o Thanks to Phil Brown

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

14/17

Salinity

Classi5catio o! *ro+& Water

Co$positio 9ase& o Total

Dissol/e& Soli&s Cotet

Salts i Sea Water

Type of Water Dissolved salt content(mg/l)

res# -ater H 1,888 $'>l

9rac0is# -ater 1,888 ",888 $'>l

Mo&eratl) salie-ater

",888 18,888 $'>l

i'#l) salie-ater

18,888 "(,888 $'>l

Sea -ater "(,888 $'>l

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

15/17

Dissolved Oxygen

A$o+t o! 'aseo+so4)'e O23 &issol/e&i -ater

O4)'e 'ets ito -ater

b) &i+sio !ro$ t#es+rro+&i' air, b)aeratio, a& t#ro+'#p#otos)t#esis

DO ra'e !ro$ 81?$'>l

Nee& (= $'>l tos+pport a &i/ersepop+latio

DO H 2 $'>l )po4iaThanks to Phil Brown

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

16/17

Turbidity Meas+re& i Nep#elo$etric

T+rbi&it) Uits NTU3

Esti$ates li'#t scatteri' b)s+spe&e& particles

#otocell set at J8oto t#e&irectio o! li'#t bea$ to

esti$ate scattere& rat#ert#a absorbe& li'#t

*oo& correlatio -it#cocetratio o! particles i-ater

T#a0s to #il 9ro-YSI ((= MS

Scieti5c

MicroTI :T+rbi&it Meter

7/26/2019 FINAL REPORT bapista.pptx

17/17