FINAL REPORT RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) FOR … · The Final Draft RAP Report for Agassa Gully...

The Final Draft RAP Report for Agassa Gully Erosion Sites for NEWMAP, Kogi State.

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FINAL REPORT

RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) FOR AGASSA EROSION SITE,

OKENE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

SUBMITTED TO

KOGI STATE NIGERIA EROSION AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT

(KGS-NEWMAP)

PLOT 247, TUNDE OGBEHA STREET, GRA, LOKOJA.

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RAP Basic Data/Information

S/N Subject Data

1 Intervention Site Agassa Gully Erosion sub-project, Okene LGA, Kogi State

2 Need for RAP Resettlement of People Displaced by the Project/Work

3 Nature of Civil Works Stabilization or rehabilitation in and around Erosion Gully site - stone

revetment to reclaim and protect road way and reinforcement of

exposed soil surface to stop scouring action of flow velocity, extension

of culvert structure from the Agassa Road into the gully, chute channel,

stilling basin, apron and installation of rip-rap and gabions mattress at

some areas.

Zone of Impact 5m offset from the gully edge.

4 Benefit(s) of the Intervention Improved erosion management and gully rehabilitation with reduced

loss of infrastructure including roads, houses, agricultural land and

productivity, reduced siltation in rivers leading to less flooding, and the

preservation of the water systems for improved access to domestic

water supply.

5 Negative Impact and No. of PAPs A census to identify those that could be potentially affected and eligible

for assistance has been carried out. However, Based on inventory, a

total of 241 PAPs have been identified.

6 Type of Losses Structures (buildings) and agricultural resources

7 Impact Mitigation Prudent approach to stabilisation efforts will reduce level of impact on

identified structures; damaged assets to be compensated at

replacement value

8 Census Cut-Off Date December 10, 2017

9 RAP Implementation Cost? SPMU implements with support from Federal Ministry of

Environment and other relevant Federal and State MDAs and World

Bank. RAP implementation committee shall include representatives of

the local government, local communities and PAPs, Site Committee,

NGO/CBOs, Ministry of Lands and Survey with support from the

Social Livelihoods Officer (Social Safeguard Specialist) of SPMU

10 Grievance Procedures A Community Leader as Chairman of the Committee, Site Committee

member, PAPs Representative, local government, elected

representative of the community at the LG, Affected local government

Land officer and SPMU as members, shall be formed to hear

complaints and facilitate solutions, so as to promote dispute settlement

through mediation to reduce litigation.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Content Page

RAP Basic Data/Information i

Table of Content ii

List of Tables v

List of Figures vi

List of Maps vii

List of Appendices viii

Definitions of key Terms ix

List of Acronyms xii

Executive Summary xiii

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background 1

1.2 The Need for a Resettlement Action Plan for the Proposed Project 1

1.3 The RAP and other Safeguard Instruments Triggered by the Project 2

1.4 Aim and Objectives of the RAP 2

1.5 Scope of Services and task of the RAP 2

1.6 Guiding Principles for the RAP 3

1.7 Approach/Methodology of RAP Preparation 3

1.8 Structure of the RAP Report 4

Chapter Two: Description of the Proposed Project and Socio-economic Baseline of the Project

2.0 Introduction 5

2.1 Description of Main NEWMAP Components 5

2.2 Kogi State and Description of Proposed Intervention Sites 6

2.3 Site Description 9

2.4 Geology, Relief & Drainage of Targeted Site 10

Chapter Three: Census and Socio-Economic Survey

3.1 Introduction 11

3.2 Census Cut-Off Date 11

3.3 Data Analyses and Interpretation 11

3.3.1 Analysis of Persons (Respondents) Interviewed 11

3.4 Socio Economic Date Results and Discussion 12

3.4.1 Agassa Household Demographics 12

3.4.2 Gender Distribution and Marital Status 12

3.4.3 Family Size and Average Age of Household Members 13

3.4.4 Educational level & Literacy Status 14

3.5 Agassa Socio-Economic Characteristics 14

3.5.1 Major Occupation of Household Heads 15

3.5.2 Household Income & Expenditure 15

3.5.3 Land and Other Resources: Ownership and Use 15

3.5.4 Household Residency & Housing Quality 15

3.5.5 Awareness of Proposed Project 16

3.5.6 Response on Desirability of Proposed Project 17


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Chapter Four: Impact of the Project

4.1 Introduction 18

4.2 Positive Impacts of the Project 18

4.3 Negative Impacts of the Project 18

4.4 Analysis of the Inventory of Affected Assets 18

4.5 Avoidance/Minimization of Resettlement 19

4.6 Mitigation Measures 19

4.7 Number and Types of Affected Persons 20

4.8 Inventory of Impacted Assets 20

4.8.1 Impact on Land and Structures 20

4.8.2 Impact on Agricultural Resources (Crops) 20

4.8.3 Impact on Utilities 20

4.8.4 Impact on Social Networks 20

4.8.5 Impact on Vulnerable Group 20

4.8.6 Potential Relocation Areas 21

Chapter Five: Chapter Five Relevant Local and Federal Policy, Legal & Regularity Framework

5.0 Introduction 22

5.1 The Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) of The NEWMAP 22

5.2 Interim Guidelines for Addressing Legacy issues in World Bank Project 22

5.3 Policy on Disclosure and Access to information 23

5.4 Nigeria Regularity Framework 23

5.4.1 The Federal Ministry of Environment 23

5.4.2 Nigerian Law/Land use Act of 1978 & Resettlement Procedures 23

5.4.3 Requirements of the Land Use Act 24

5.5 International Guidelines 25

5.5.1 The World Bank Policy on Involuntary Resettlement WB OP 4.12 26

5.5.2 Conclusion Drawn from the Review of World Bank Policy on Involuntary

Resettlement 26

5.6 Comparison between Nigerian Land Use Act (1978) and World Bank operational

Policy (WB OP. 4.12) 26

5.7 Eligibility Criteria 30

Chapter Six: Valuation & Compensation of Affected Structures and Properties

6.0 Introduction 32

6.1 Valuation Methodology 32

6.1.1 Replacement Cost Method 32

6.1.2 Land Resettlement 32

6.1.3 Disturbance and other Incidental Contingencies 32

6.2 Affected Structures 32

6.2.1 Immovable Structures/Property 32

6.2.2 Moveable Structures/Property 32

6.2.3 Permanent Structures/Asset 33

6.2.4 Compensation and Other Resettlement Assistance 33

6.3 Modes of Restitution 33

6.4 Compensation Payment and Procedures for Delivery of Compensation 33

6.5 General Principle to be Adopted for Compensation 33

6.5.1 Procedure for Delivery of Compensation 33

6.6 Assistance to Vulnerable Groups 34


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6.7 Livelihood Restoration 34

6.7.1 Restoration Strategies 34

6.8 Provision of Amenities for the Communities 35

6.9 Environmental Protection and Management 35

Chapter Seven: Public Participation and Consultations

7.1 Introduction 36

7.2 Objective of the Consultation 36

7.3 The Stakeholders 36

7.3.1 Consultation Strategies 36

7.4 Discussion with Stakeholders and Summary of Outcome Conclusion 37

7.5 RAP Public Disclosure 38

Chapter Eight: RAP Implementation and Institutional Arrangement and Capacity Building

8.0 Introduction 42

8.1 Organisational Arrangement 42

8.2 Institutional Capacity Building Requirements and Costs 45

8.3 RAP Implementation Schedule 46

8.3.1 Resettlement Activities and Responsibilities 46

8.3.2 Estimated Cost of the RAP Implementation and Funding 48

8.3.3 Sources of Fund 48

8.3.4 Implementation Timetable 48

8.4 Coordination with Civil Works 49

Chapter Nine: Grievance Redress Mechanism

9.0 Introduction 51

9.1 Grievance Redress Process 51

9.2 Stages in grievance Redress process 51

9.3 Procedure for Registering a complaint 52

9.4 Grievance Log and Response Time 53

9.5 Monitoring Complaints 53

Chapter Ten: Monitoring and Evaluation

10.1 Introduction 54

10.2 Purpose of Monitoring 54

10.3 Components and Elements of the Monitoring Plan 54

10.4 Monitoring Framework (Internal and External) 55

10.4.1 Internal Monitoring 55

10.4.2 External Monitoring/Evaluation 55

10.5 Monitoring Parameters / Indicators 56

10.6 Reporting 56

10.7 Completion Audit 56

Bibliography 57


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List of Tables

Table Page

2.1: Main NEWMAP elements and outcomes 5

2.2: The population of Kogi State by Local Government Area 10

5.1: Comparison between Nigerian Land Use Act and World Bank Operational Policy (0P4.12) 26

5.2: The Entitlement Matrix for Various Categories of PAPs 29

5.3: Eligibility Criteria for Compensation 31

7.1: Queries/Observations and Responses given to the Stakeholders 37

8.1: Roles and Responsibilities for Implementation of the RAP 42

8.2: Awareness and Capacity Building Needs of Relevant Stakeholders 45

8.3: Summary of Resettlement Activities and Responsibility for implementation of the RAP 46

8.4: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation 48

8.5: Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP Implementation 49

9.1: A Typical Reporting Format for Grievance Redress 53

10.1: Monitoring Indicators 56


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List of Figures

Figure Page

3.1: Gender Distribution of Household Heads in Agassa 13

3.2: Marital Status of Household Heads in Agassa 13

3.3: Average Age of Household Heads in Agassa 13

3.4: Average Age of Dependent Household Members 13

3.5: Percentage Distribution of Family Size 14

3.6: Highest Educational Level of Household members in Agassa 14

3.7: Highest Educational Level of Household Heads in Agassa 14

3.8: Distribution of Household Heads by Occupation Type in Agassa 15

3.9: Households’ Reasons for Residing in Agassa Catchment 16

3.10: Types of Houses occupied by Households in Agassa 16

3.11: Awareness of Proposed Project 16

3.12: Desirability of Proposed Project 17

7.1: Consultation with Men/Elders Focal group (Friday, 26/01/2018) 39

7.2: Consultation with the Onoba of Agassa (Friday, 24/11/2017) 39

7.3: Consultation with Women Focal Group (Friday, 26/01/2018 39

7.4: Consultation with Youth Focal group at Agassa (Friday, 26/01/2018) 39

7.5: Cross Section of Stakeholders Meeting at Agassa (Friday, 26/01/2018) 39

7.6: Consultant and Stakeholders Forum (Friday, 26/01/2018) 40



7.9: A Cross Section of Participants during Consultation Meetings 40

7.10: Meeting of Consultant, NEWMAP Representatives and Agassa Community

Erosion Association 41

7.11: Site Inspection with the Engineering Crew of the NEWMAP 41

7.12: Site Inspection with the Engineering Crew 41


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List of Maps

Maps Page

2.1 Map of the World 7

2.2 Map of Africa 7

2.3 Map of Nigeria Showing Kogi State 7

2.4 Map of Okene Local Government Area 7

2.5 Map of Kogi State showing Okene Local Government Area 7

2.6 Current NEWMAP States 8

2.7 Corridor Mapping of Agassa Gully Erosion Site 8


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List of Appendices

Appendix Page

1: Minutes of Public Consultations 58

2: Focal Group Discussion (FGD) 60

2a: Attendance List: Community Consultation 63

2b: Socio-Economic Survey Questionnaire 68

2c: Cut-off Date Letter to Stakeholders 68

3: Safeguard Instruments Prepared for the Proposed Works 69

4: Approach/Methodology of RAP preparation 70

4.1: Analysis of Socio-Economic Background of PAPs 73

5: Summary of Valuation for Resettlement Action Plan for Agassa Community 75

6: Entitlement Summary for Owners of Structures and Economic Trees 80

6a: Agassa Tenants for Financial Assistance 83

7: Corridor Mapping of Agassa Gully Erosion Site at Okene, Kogi State 86

8: List of Experts who carried out the Survey 87

9: Photo gallery of Agassa PAP 88

10: Engineering Design of Agassa Gully Erosion 90

11: Standard Rate for Economic Trees and Cash Crops in Nigeria. 90

12: Cultivated Crops 92

13: Letter of appeal by Mall. Yahaya Suleiman (KGNM/AGASSA/17/004) 94

14: Stages in the Grievance Redress Process for the RAP 95


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DEFINITION OF TERMS

Word I Term Definition

Asset Inventory A complete count and description of all properties that will be acquired.

Bank World Bank

Census Official enumeration and collection of demographic information of people and

individuals in the sub-project locations of the Project.

Children All persons under the age of 18 years according to International Regulatory

Standard (Convention on the Rights of Child 2002).

Community A group of individuals broader than households, who identify themselves as a

common unit due to recognized social, religious, economic and traditional

government ties or shared locality

Compensation Payment in cash or in kind for an asset or resource acquired or affected by the

project.

Cut–off-Date A day on and beyond which any person who occupies land or assets, or

constructs assets on land, required for project use, will not be eligible for

compensation. The date is often the day the assessment of persons and their

property in the project area commences

Displacement Removal of people from their land, homes, farms, etc. as a result of a project’s

activities. Displacement occurs during the involuntary taking of lands and from

involuntary restriction or access to legally designated parks and protected areas

resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of PAPs.

Entitlements Compensation and other forms of assistance provided to displaced persons in

the respective eligibility category.

Environmental

and Social

Management

Framework

(ESMF)

An environmental assessment instrument (document) which establishes a

mechanism to determine and assess future potential environmental and social

impacts of productive investments under the proposed NEWMAP project, and

then to set out mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures

to be taken during design, implementation and operation of the project activities

to eliminate adverse environmental and social impacts, offset them, or reduce

them to acceptable levels. This instrument has been prepared as a separate and

stand-alone document to be used in conjunction with the RPF.

Grievance

Procedures

The processes established (a) under law, local regulations, or administrative

decision to enable property owners and other displaced persons to redress issues

related to acquisition, compensation, or other aspects of resettlement, as well as

(b) specific grievance processes put in place as part of the design of a project.

Host Communities Communities receiving resettled people as a result of involuntary. resettlement

activities

Land Acquisition The process whereby a person is compelled by a public agency to alienate all or

part of the land he/she owns or possesses, to the ownership and possession of

that agency, for public purpose in return for a consideration.

Lost Income

Opportunities

Lost income opportunities refer to compensation to project affected persons

for loss of business income, business hours/time due to project

Market Rate Highest rate over the last five years based on commercial terms.

Market Value The most probable selling price or the value most often sought by buyers and

sellers. It assumes buyers and sellers have reasonable knowledge, act

competitively and rationally are motivated by self-interest to maximize


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satisfaction and both act independently and without collusion, fraud or

misrepresentation

Physical

Displacement

Loss of residential structures and related non-residential structures and physical

assets because such structures / assets are located in the project area.

Private property

owners

Persons who have legal title to structures, land or other assets and are accordingly

entitled to compensation under the Land Act.

Project Affected

Person(s)

A person that loses assets and/or usage rights and/or income generation

capacities (e.g., land, structure, crops, businesses) because these

assets/rights/capacities are located in land to be acquired or used, for needs of

the project. Not all PAPs are displaced due to the Project, but all are potentially

affected in the maintenance of their livelihood.

Project-Affected

Community

A community that is adversely affected by the project.

Rehabilitation

Assistance

The provision of development assistance in addition to compensation such as

land preparation, credit facilities, training, or job opportunities, needed to enable

Project Affected Persons and Displaced Persons to improve their living

standards, income earning capacity and production levels; or at least maintain

them at pre-Project levels

Replacement Cost The amount of compensation that would have to be paid to replace an asset

including all cost associated with replacement of asset displaced by the

NEWMAP project at the present time, according to its current worth.

Resettlement Policy

Framework (RPF)

The present document, which is the overall Policy Framework for

Compensation, Resettlement and Rehabilitation of Project Affected Persons for

the PPP. The Policy Framework describes the process and methods for carrying

out resettlement under the Project, including compensation, relocation and

rehabilitation of project affected persons.

Resettlement

Action Plan (RAP)

The resettlement action plans prepared for specific micro-projects. It is a

resettlement instrument to be prepared when project activities are identified, that

require land acquisition that leads to physical displacement of persons, and/or

loss of shelter, and /or loss of livelihoods and/or loss, denial or restriction of

access to economic resources. The RAP is prepared by the party impacting

people and livelihoods in this manner and contains specific and legal binding

requirements to be taken by that party to resettle and compensate the affected

party before project activities causing this adverse impact are implemented.

Resettlement The measures taken to mitigate any and all adverse impacts of the project on

PAP’s property and/or livelihoods, including compensation, relocation (where

relevant), and rehabilitation

Resettlement

Assistance

Support provided to people who are physically displaced by a project. This may

include transportation, food, shelter, and social services that are provided to

affected people during their resettlement. Assistance may also include cash

allowances that compensate affected people for the inconvenience associated

with resettlement and defray the expenses of a transition to a new locale, such as

moving expenses and lost work days.

Right of Way Right to make a way over a piece of land, usually to and from another piece of

land.

Squatters Squatters are landless households squatting within the public / private land for

residential and business purposes.

“special assistance” This refers to special efforts provided to the vulnerable physically challenged


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to vulnerable

people

persons such as those with blindness, paralysis, difficulties with locomotion,

incapacity to work, etc., who are displaced by the project. The “special

assistance” must be given by qualified persons/relatives/agencies, capable of

helping invalids by providing transitional support (e.g. moving expenses,

temporary food supply, etc.)

Vulnerable

Groups:

People who may by virtue of gender, ethnicity, age, physical or mental disability,

economic disadvantage or social status are more adversely affected by

resettlement than others; and who may have limited ability to claim or take

advantage of resettlement assistance and related development benefits.


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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

ARAP - Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan

BIR - Boards of Internal Revenue

BPE - Bureau of Public Procurement

DAI - Disclosure and Access to information

DP - Displaced Persons

EA - Environmental Assessment

ESIA - Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

ESMF - Environmental and Social Management Framework

ESMP - Environmental and Social Management Plan

FGN - Federal Government of Nigeria

FGD - Focus Group Discussion

FMWR - Federal Ministry of Water Resources

GRC - Grievance Redress Committee

IDA - International Development Association

ICP - Investment Climate Program

CT - Information and Communication Technology

PR - Intellectual Property Rights

ITES - Information Technology Enabled Services

LGA - Local Government Authority

MDA - Ministry Departments and Agencies

NGQ - Non-Governmental Organization

PAD - Project Appraisal Document

PAP - Project Affected Person

PDO - Project Development Objective

PIM - Project Implementation Manual

PIU - Project implementation Unit

RAP - Resettlement Action Plan

ROW - Right of Way

RPF - Resettlement Policy Framework

SSI - Semi Structured interview

WB - World Bank

SPMU - State Project Management Unit


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Introduction

Nigeria faces severe problem of soil erosion and flooding, due to both human and natural causes. Over

6000km2 of land are affected by erosion and 3400km2 are highly exposed. Erosion has devastating effect

on many people’s lives and destroys essential infrastructure for economic development and poverty

alleviation. Gully erosion contributes to environmental problems and damage large percentage of private

and public infrastructure all over the country. This undermines economic growth and is a threat to the

federal government of “vision 202020”

Recent assessment confirms that the scale of the problems transcends what communities, local

governments, states and federal government can address without help from development partners.

Consequently, the federal government (FGN) initiated the Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management

Project (NEWMAP) to provide an institutional platform for the management of gully erosion and

flooding. The project is supported by financing from the World Bank, Global Environmental Facility and

Special Climate Change Fund, and the Government of Nigeria. NEWMAP finances activities

implemented by States and activities implemented by the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN). The

project currently includes nineteen (19) States namely Anambra, Abia, Cross River, Edo, Enugu, Ebonyi,

Imo, Kogi, Delta, Oyo, Kano, Plateau, Gombe, Sokoto, Nasarawa, Niger, Borno, Katsina and Akwa-

Ibom.

Kogi State belongs to the second generation of participating states under the Kogi State NIGERIA

EROSION AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT (KOGI NEWMAP). One of the

intervention sites is the Agassa Erosion Gully in Okene L.G.A. To address the social and environmental

safeguard concerns, at the national level, two instruments were prepared, namely: an Environmental and

Social Management Policy (ESMP) and Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) which complement each

other. The RPF addresses potential adverse social impacts that might arise from resettlement of people

affected by the project, while the ESMP addresses other possible harmful Social and Environmental

effects of the project. This RAP and associate ESMP derives the RPF and ESMF into specific cost,

measurable and monitor able action for the Agassa Gully intervention site.

Justification for RAP

The RAP identified potential Project Affected Persons (PAPs) and engaged them in participatory

discussions regarding the plan in order to adequately compensate them for their losses. Early

reconnaissance/Scoping of the intervention site revealed that inhabitants shall be displaced. In compliance

with the World Bank Operational Policy, OP 4.12, this RAP was prepared for managing the potential

impact on displaced persons.

Aim of RAP

The aim of the RAP is to identify and assess the human impact of the proposed works at the gully erosion

site in Agassa and prepare an action plan to be implemented in coordination with the civil works in line

with World Bank Policy and Nigeria Policies and Laws.

Site Description

Agassa is situated on Latitude 07o

32’33” and Longitude 06o

13’25” (UTMWGS84) 193514.920ME &

834753.666MN. Agassa gully erosion site is a set of gullies located in about four (4) gully fingers around

Agassa community in Okene LGA of Kogi State stretching from the Ahache area and extending to the

central burial ground area and beyond. The area is typically sandwiched between hills with steep slopes.


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The gullies put together are about 3.5km with width varying from 2m to 5m and depth of 1m to 6m. The

gullies have existed in the community for about 20years, and it is caused by uncontrolled development,

unchecked water falls from the surrounding hills resulting in flooding and erosion. The erosion is

therefore as a result of Human and Natural causes, namely: unplanned settlement, nature of soil, slope

and lack of institutional intervention. Many residential buildings are likely to be destroyed and many are

under serious threat of collapse. The access roads in the community are exposed to destruction and the

gully has developed fingers. Urgent action is required at the site to salvage the environment, protect and

preserve lives and properties.

The affected site enjoys ample rainfall. The annual rainfall ranges from 1000mm to 1300mm per annum.

The vegetation is mostly Guinea Savannah. The geology of the area is basement complex comprising of

granite, gneiss and biotite. Most of the inhabitants of the area are generally Ebiras with few populations of

non-indigenes. Majority of the people are farmers, weavers and traders, the crop grown are mainly yam,

cassava, maize and beniseed.

The community is headed by a traditional ruler with the title of Onoba of Agassa with a strong attachment

to His subjects and well loved by his people. There exists a popular masquerade festival called

EKUECHI which is well celebrated around November of every year and Eche – Ane (festival of female)

and EcheAhana (day singing festival) and Okehi festival.

Legal Framework for land Acquisition

The legal framework for land acquisition in Nigeria is the Land Use Act of 1978 reviewed under CAP

202, 1990. The relevant World Bank operational policy (OP 4:12) which addresses land acquisition and

involuntary resettlement was reviewed. The area of variations between the Land Use Act of 1978 and the

World Bank’s OP 4.12 are mostly on rehabilitation measures, which are neither proscribed nor

mandated in the Act. Thus, it is noted in this RAP that in the course of project implementation, any

divergence between the Laws in Nigeria and that of the World Bank’s OP 4.12, the more beneficial to

the project affected persons shall take precedence in the implementation of this RAP.

Census Cut-Off Date

The established cut-off date to record the RAPs along the Agassa Gully Erosion corridor of work was

10th December, 2017, which was communicated to the PAPs and communities during the general

stakeholders meeting. A letter of notice was distributed to all stakeholders through the Community

Association Chairman to traditional rulers, Churches and Mosques. In the event of project delay for

more than two years, there will be need to update the socio-economic survey carried out for this RAP.

Impacts of Proposed Work

The major benefits of the project will occur in the form of improved erosion management and gully

rehabilitation which will lead to:

▪ Reduced loss of infrastructure including roads, houses etc.

▪ Reduced siltation in rivers leading to less flooding and the preservation of the water systems for

improved access to domestic water supply.

▪ Reduced risks of flood

▪ Restored vegetative cover, improved environmental conditions and more humid local microclimates,

leading to improved habitat for wildlife and carbondioxide exchange

▪ Environmental improvements due to land stabilization measures which preserve the landscape and

biodiversity.

Conversely, the implementation of the intervention measures would induce some negative impacts on the

people and their assets with regards to displacement. Based on the inventory carried out, a total of 241


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persons have been identified as Project Affected Persons (PAPs) made up of different categories of

people whose structures and agricultural products shall be affected. Out of the total number of PAPs

inventorised, forty 40 were identified as tenants.

Mitigation Measures

The main objective of the RAP is to develop programmes that can improve the livelihoods of PAP’s or

restore them to the pre-displacement levels. To provide a safety net for all the PAPs and improve their

livelihood until they become self-sufficient and resilient to economic stresses as they were before the

project came or even better, appropriate mitigation measures and preparations of the entire resettlement

process have been developed and shall be ensured. Specifically, the following mitigation measures shall

be implemented:

- PAPs shall be consulted before and during the implementation of this RAP to ensure their full

participation in the RAP process.

- PAPs shall be compensated in line with this RAP before actual project implementation. This

implies that construction activities (displacement and demolition) will not take place until PAPs

have been full compensated.

- Assistance to PAPs / vulnerable persons shall be adhered to in line with the recommendations in

this RAP.

- RAP implementation including livelihood restoration measures shall be monitored by the SPMU

to ensure that PAPs and the vulnerables are restored to the pre-project social conditions.

- Grievance redress shall be given high priority in this project. For the vulnerable, priority shall be

given in all mitigation measures relating to them. Stress to this group shall be avoided. Where

mitigation measures include physical preparation of site as appropriate assistance support and

protection shall be provided to help them overcome difficulties in the process.

In order to adequately mitigate the negative impacts on the PAPs, the cost of the possible damage to

assets have been calculated by generating current market values and estimates for how much it would cost

to replace or repair affected assets including transaction costs where applicable. Unit costs were primarily

calculated using information from the local market. A register has been prepared for the PAPs with

regard to their losses and compensation.

Public Participation

Public participation in the RAP included consultations and communication. Consultation include a two-

way process in which ideas about the project and concerns of stakeholders and the project designers were

shared and considered mutually by affected populations and other stakeholders. Communication

included the dissemination of information of NEWMAP activities to the concerned public, the project

affected persons and other relevant issues.

Resettlement of PAPs and Livelihood Restoration

The PAPs were informed of the range of different mitigation measures/compensation package,

resettlement assistance, and livelihood improvement options available to them and were given the

opportunity to express their preferences. This option-based resettlement planning is part of a

development approach that aims to ensure that the PAPs are able to reconstruct their production

foundations and become self-sustaining, at least to pre-intervention work level. The PAPs have agreed to

move out of the setbacks of the gully corridor for the work and also to the various resettlement benefits

which are to be provided to improve their means of livelihood or restore to it to pre-impact status.

RAP Coordination and Implementation

The implementation of the RAPs shall require close collaboration among all the stakeholders with a

mutual understanding struck at the beginning. The institutional arrangement has been pragmatically


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designed to involve relevant Stakeholders with the SPMU as the project implementer. Federal Ministry of

Environment as well as other relevant Federal and state MDAs and World Bank concerned with erosion

and watershed management shall be involved as designed in the arrangement for implementation. Also,

the RAP implementation committee made up of representatives of the local government, local

communities and PAPs, Site committees, trade Union/NGO, lands and survey with support from the

social Safeguard Specialist of the SPMU shall ensure adequate handling of the resettlement issues.

No civil works contracts for the proposed rehabilitation work shall be initiated unless land is free of any

encumbrance. The major component tasks and schedule for the RAP implementation have been

developed in the RAP.

Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP Implementation

ACTIVITIES 2017 2018 2019 REMARKS

NO

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JAN

FE

B

MA

R

AP

R

MA

Y

JUN

E

JUL

Y

AU

G

SE

P

OC

T

NO

V

DE

C

JAN

FE

B

MA

RC

H

AP

RIL

MA

Y

JUN

E

Consultation

/community

participation and

information to people

affected cut-off date

announcement census

and survey analysis

date and verification of

impacts

Nov2017-

March 2018

RAP Approval

April - August

2018

Disclosure of RAP

Sept. – Oct.

2018

RAP implementation

including payment of

compensation and or

supplementary

assistance

Nov. 2018

Implementation/ civil

work, commencement

of project

Nov. - Feb

2019

Mark-up visit by

stakeholder/SPMU

March 2019

Economic Restoration

Assessment

April - June

2019

Strengthening Organizational Capability

Based on the interaction with the relevant stakeholders, assessment and determination of the

characteristics of all project affected persons (PAPs), valuation of assets to be compensated a well as the

assessment of the institutional capacities of the different parties involved in the RAP implementation,

areas of awareness creation and training/capacity building have been identified. It is the responsibility of

the Social Safeguard Officer to ensure that all identified stakeholders are trained accordingly.

Budget Estimate


xvii

The total cost implication for the implementation of the RAP is Forty Million, One Hundred and Thirty-

Nine Thousand, Four Hundred and Ninety Naira (N40,139,490.00) only. In the table below, this sum is

expected to cover compensation of assets affected and additional mitigations for livelihood restoration

measures coordination of additional mitigation, grievance management and compensation commission.

In addition, a provision of 10% contingences was added to amount to the overall cost such as inflation

that shall be allowed and added to the current budget.

SPMU is the source of this fund for the payment of the necessary compensation and mitigation measures

while, overall financial cost for compensation shall be made by issuing cheque which can only be cashed

after no dispute arises on the ownership and any other claim.

Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation

S/No. Item Cost (N) Total (N)

A1 Compensation:

370,000.00

28,170,900.00

28,540,900.00

Agricultural Crops

Structures

Sub-total

B Additional Mitigation

624,000.00

100,000.00

724,000.00

Livelihood measures/assistance for

vulnerable group

Grievance Redress Management

Sub-total

C Implementation

Compensation commission: cost of

transportation, accommodation and

feeding

320,000.00

Capacity building/Institutional

strengthening

6,240,000.00

Disclosure 500,000.00

Management 200,000.00

Sub-total 7,260,000.00

E Add Contingencies (10%) 3,615,490.00

Grand Total 40,139,490.00

Grievance Redress Mechanism

The likelihood of dispute is much reduced because the PAPs and other relevant stakeholders have been

consulted and were part of the entire process of identifying PAPs and generating the market values for the

various assets. Nevertheless, in the event of any dispute, a conflict resolution mechanism has been

designed for the RAP implementation. This mechanism makes the judicial system the least desirable and

last resort to redress the issues if informal conciliation does not resolve the matter.

During training and Sensitization of PAPs to be carried out by the SPMU before compensation and

implementation, PAPs will be informed that their rights to expression of grievances should be exercised

on or before fifteen (15) days of the date of compensation payment. After this date, no other grievance

case(s) shall be admitted. Conversely, cheques issued to PAPs will not be valued until the end of 15 days

from date of receipt of cheque.


xviii

After due interaction with the PAPs and relevant stakeholders, the following persons were recommended

to constitute the GRC: Community Head (Traditional Ruler) —as Chairman of the Committee, Site

Committee member, PAPs Representative, local government desk officer, local government land officer

and SPMU as members shall be formed to hear complaints and facilitate solutions so as to promote

dispute settlement through mediation to reduce litigation.

Monitoring and Evaluation

In order to successfully complete the resettlement management as per the implementation schedule and

compliance with the policy and entitlement framework, there would be need for monitoring and

evaluation of the RAP implementation. Monitoring and evaluation will be a continuous process and will

include internal and external monitoring. SPMU shall play a key role in reporting the progress of

implementation as well as compliance to the World Bank.

Disclosure

The RAP shall be disclosed in-country to the general public for review and comment before it is

approved by the Bank at designated locations and in World Bank communication info shop.

Conclusion

The proposed project, upon completion, will benefit the community. The potential impacts are limited

and will make the PAPs better than the pre-project stage. Grievances will be minimized, and provision

made to address any in the course of implementing this RAP.


1

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Soil Erosion in Nigeria has been a major environmental problem resulting in extensive impacts including

loss of human life and assets (e.g., roads, drainage, housing, farmlands, community assets, silted

waterways, and port). In fact, there is an estimated yield reduction of about 30 to 90 percent and almost

5% loss in GDP. These gullies, along with other forms of land degradation such as sheet erosion, can

undermine the progress made on economic growth and poverty alleviation in the country.

To solve the erosion problem, the Federal Government of Nigeria initiated the Nigeria Erosion and

Watershed Management Project (NEWMAP). The project is supported with financing from the World

Bank, Global Environment Facility, and the Special Climate Change Fund, and the Government of

Nigeria. NEWMAP finances activities implemented by states and the Federal government. The project

currently includes nineteen (19) States namely Anambra, Abia, Cross River, Edo, Enugu, Ebonyi, Imo,

Kogi, Delta, Oyo, Kano, Plateau, Gombe, Sokoto, Nasarawa, Niger, Borno, Katsina and Akwa-Ibom.

The lead agency is the Department of Erosion Control, Flood and Coastal Zone Management of the

Federal Ministry of Environment (FME), State and local governments, multi-sector operation involving

MDAs concerned with water resources management, public works, agriculture, regional and town

planning, earth and natural resources information, and disaster risk management. NEWMAP has four

key components, namely - Erosion and Watershed Management Investments, Erosion and Watershed

Institutions and Information Services, Climate Change Agenda Support and Project Management.

Generally, the project employs a sustainable and holistic approach of combining Engineering Watershed

Management and livelihood support solutions in tackling Erosion issues.

The Project Development Objective (PDO) of NEWMAP is: to rehabilitate degraded lands and reduce

longer-term erosion vulnerability in targeted areas. At State level, NEWMAP activities involve medium-

sized civil works, such as construction of infrastructure and/or stabilization or rehabilitation in and around

the gullies themselves, as well as small works in the small watershed where gullies form and expand.

These works trigger the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment OP 401;

Natural Habitats OP 4.04; Cultural Property Op 11.03; Involuntary Resettlement OP 4.12 Safety of

Dams OP 4.37; Pest Management Safeguard Policy Op 4.09; and Projects on International Waterways

OP 7.50.

1.2 The Need for the Resettlement Action Plan for the Proposed Project

The proposed project triggers World Bank (WB)’s Operation Policy, OP 4.12 on Involuntary

Resettlement in that it requires acquisition of land as well as restrictions of access in areas bordering the

gully edges.

For WB supported projects, any project that causes displacement of any sort must be subjected to the

requirements of its Operational Policy, OP 4.12, on Involuntary Resettlement. It is in pursuant to this that

this RAP was prepared as part of the World Bank’s Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies.

The RAP identified the potential Projects Affected Persons (PAPs), affected / loss assets and engaged

them in participatory discussion regarding the plan in order to adequately compensate them for their

losses


2

1.3 The RAP and other Safeguard Instruments

NEWMAP investments include a strategic combination of civil engineering, vegetative land management

and other catchments projection measures, and community-led adaptive livelihood initiatives. The

sustainability of these investments will be reinforced by strengthening institutions and information services

across sectors and states, including support to improve governance, regulatory compliance, environmental

monitoring, impact evaluation, catchments and land use planning, and to strengthen Nigeria’s capacity to

promote and implement climate-resilient, low-carbon development.

The environmental and social safeguards concerns are being addressed through two national instruments

already prepared under the project: An Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and

a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF). These framework instruments need to be translated into specific

cost, measurable, and monitor able actions for specific intervention sites through the preparation of site-

specific management and action plans.

ESMF — In general, the ESMF specifies the procedures to be used for preparing, approving and

implementing (a) Environmental and Social Assessments ESAs (b) Environmental and Social

Management Plans (ESMPs. ESMPs are essential elements for Category B projects.

RPF - The RPF applies when land acquisition leads to the temporary or permanent physical displacement

of persons, and/or loss of shelter, and /or loss of livelihoods and/or loss, denial or restriction of access to

economic resources due to project activities. It sets out the resettlement and compensation principles,

organizational arrangements and design, criteria to be applied to meet the needs of project-affected

people (PAP), and specifies the contents of a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for each package of

investments. A Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), which serves as a practical tool during the

programme formulation, design, implementation and monitoring, was prepared for NEWMAP which

serves as a guide for the present terms of reference (See Appendix 3).

The activities of Component 1 will involve civil works in specific intervention sites — that is; construction

of drainage works and/or rehabilitation of gullies. This could result in the acquisition of land or

displacement of families, business or public infrastructure, thus triggering the World Bank OP 4.12 -

Involuntary Resettlement.

Against this background, Kogi State, under the Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project

(KSG-NEWMAP), represented by the State Project Management Unit (SPMU) is preparing a

Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the project.

1.4 Aim and Objectives of the RAP

The aim of the RAP is to identify and assess the human impact of the proposed works at the Gully

erosion sites in Agassa community, and to prepare an Action Plan to be implemented in coordination

with the civil works in Line with World Bank safeguards Policy and Nigeria policies and laws. The

specific objectives of the RAP are to:

a. Conduct a census survey of impacted persons and valuation of assets affected;

b. Consult with the affected community and agencies;

c. Ascertain the number of vulnerable persons among PAPs and design livelihood restoration

measures suitable to addressing their economic sustenance; and

d. Describe compensation and other resettlement assistance to be provided to restore livelihood to

pre-displacement level.

1.5 Scope of Services and Task of the RAP

The tasks performed during this RAP preparation include the following:


3

1. Describe the project and components for which land acquisition and resettlement are required,

and an explanation of why a Resettlement Plan is required.

2. Legal analysis and framework, reviewing the Nigerian Laws and regulations and the World Bank

Policy requirements and measures proposed to bridge any gaps between them.

3. Conduct a census and declaring a cut-off date.

4. Estimate population displacement and categories of displaced persons to the extent feasible.

5. Determine eligibility criteria and entitlement matrix for defining various categories of displaced

persons and entitlement.

6. Undertake valuation of affected assets, both natural and built assets.

7. Compensate and assist persons based on the overall principle that affected people shall not suffer

net losses as a result of the project.

8. Describe possible mechanisms for transitional costs (such as moving expenses) and for restoring

livelihoods where they are adversely affected.

9. Organize procedures for delivery of entitlements, a description of the implementation process,

linking resettlement planning and implementation to both civil works and livelihood strategies.

10. Describe grievances and redress mechanisms that take into account the need for (a) registration

of grievances; (b) prompt and transparent action on grievances; (c) due process; (d) opportunity

for appeal; and (e) avoidance of legal proceedings to the extent possible.

11. Describe arrangements for funding resettlement activities including the preparation and review of

cost estimates, the flow of funds and the contingency arrangements.

12. Develop an institutional matrix that clearly identifies all the agencies, public or private, that will be

involved in the resettlement project, their respective roles, the budget allocated to each and the

legal arrangements to be made.

13. Describe mechanisms for consultations with, and participation of displaced persons in planning,

implementation and monitoring.

14. Describe the processes of monitoring, verification and evaluation required for effective

implementation of the resettlement process.

1.6 Guiding Principles.

The following principles have guided the resettlement planning process for Agassa gully erosion

site:

a. World Bank Safeguards Policy

b. Nigerian law and international best practices guide.

c. Implement a world-class resettlement process.

d. Process was driven by consultation and participatory planning

e. Compensation with replacement value and restore livelihoods at a minimum

f. Design compensation framework, replacement assets and livelihood restoration to ensure

sustainable benefit

g. Provide modern replacement assets and enable community continuity

1.7 The Methodology of RAP Preparation

The approach adopted for the RAP design was in accordance with the applicable World Bank safeguard

policies, Nigerian guidelines/laws and Terms of Reference (TOR). The methodology essentially entails

literature review including the review of the RPF, ESMF prepared for the NEWMAP. Other steps taken

by the Consultant in the preparation of the RAP are: baseline studies, public consultations, mapping of

the location of the affected assets using the real time differential GPS, census of PAPs, valuation of

affected assets and determination of the entitlement and eligibility matrixes. Detailed explanation of the

methodology employed in this RAP is provided in appendix 4.


4

1.8 Structure of the RAP Report

The RAP is presented in ten chapters as indicated below:

Chapter One: General Background

Chapter Two: NEWMAP Project Components and Description of

Intervention Site

Chapter Three: Census and Socio-Economic Survey

Chapter Four: Impact of the Project

Chapter Five: Existing Legal Framework

Chapter Six: Valuation and Compensation and other Resettlement

Assistance

Chapter Seven: Public Participation and Consultations

Chapter Eight: RAP Implementation and Consultations

Chapter Nine: Grievance Redress Mechanism

Chapter Ten Monitoring and Evaluation


5

CHAPTER TWO

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT AND SOCIO-

ECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITIONS

2.0 Introduction

This chapter contains the overall components of NEWMAP and a brief description of the proposed

intervention site. The Corridor Map of the Site (Map 2.7) and other related maps were also presented.

2.1 Description of NEWMAP Components

NEWMAP has four components as outlined in Table 2.1 and described below.

Table 2.1: Main NEWMAP elements, activities and outcomes

Component I Component 2 Component 3 Component 4

Title Watershed and

Catchment

Management

Investments

Watershed and

Catchment

Management

Institutions and

Information

Services

Climate Change

Agenda Support

Project

Management.

Sub- components 1A Flood Water

Containment

and Sub-

Watershed

Rehabilitation.

1B Integrated

Catchment

Management

1C Adaptive

Livelihoods

2A Federal

MDA

Effectiveness

and Services.

2B State MDA

Effectiveness and

Services.

2C Local

Government

Capacity.

2D Private Sector

Capacity.

3A Policy and

Institutional

Framework.

3B Low Carbon

Development.

Main activities Control Agassa

gully erosion sites

and conduct

Community-

based

catchment

interventions,

Strengthen the

Enabling

environment for

effective erosion

and catchment

management.

Strengthen

government

capacity to

promote low

carbon, climate

resilient

development.

Procure goods

and specialist

services to support

project

management,

safeguards,

M&E and

oversight.

Main outcome Erosion

controlled through

Engineering works

and priority sub-

watershed

rehabilitation and

more secure

livelihoods and

catchment

services

established.

More capable,

modernized and

coordinated

Federal, State and

Local institutions.

Government to

be better

equipped to

respond to climate

change,

and low-carbon

development

options

demonstrated.

Establish

systems for project

management,

M&E and best

practices for

future replication.


6

2.2 Kogi State and Description of Proposed Intervention Site

The state was created on 27th

August 1991, with its administrative headquarters in Lokoja. It is structured

into 21 LGAs. The main indigenous ethnic groups that make up the state include, Igala, Ebira, Okun,

BassaKomo, BassaNge, Kakanda, Kupa, Ogori, Nupe, Oworo etc., while other groups from other parts

of Nigeria such as the Igbo, Hausa, Edo etc, are also domiciled in the state. The four major languages

spoken as first language in Kogi State include lgala, Ebira, Yoruba and Nupe. The official language among

the many ethnic groups remains English.

Kogi state lies within latitude 7.49°N and longitude 6.45°E and is one of the states in the middle belt

identified geopolitically as the north central zone. It has a total land area of 28,313.53 square kilometres.

It shares common boundaries with ten (10) states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). To the North,

it shares boundaries with Niger, FCT, and Nassarawa; to the West, by Kwara, Ekiti, Ondo, Edo, and

Delta; while to the East, by Benue, Anambra and Enugu.

Kogi State has a geological feature depicting young sedimentary rocks and alluvium along river beds,

which promotes agricultural activities. The state features ferrasols soil type and famous hills like Ososo

hills, which spread from Edo State to the western part of Kogi State, and Aporo hill on the eastern part.

Another famous hill is Mount Patti, which lies in Lokoja and stands at about 750 metres above sea level.

Kogi state has an average maximum temperature of 260

C and an average minimum [temperature of 22OC,

while the annual rainfall ranges from 1016 mm to 1524 mm. The State has two distinct weather, the dry

season which last from November to February, and rainy season, which last from March to October. The

vegetation of the state consists of mixed leguminous (guinea) woodland to forest savannah, and has a wide

expanse of Fadama in the river basin and long stretches of tropical forest in the western and southern belt

of the state.

2.3 Site Description

Agassa is situated within Latitude 07o

32’33”and Longitude 06o

13’25” UTM (WGS84) 193514.920ME &

834753.666MN. Agassa gully erosion site is a set of gullies located in about four (4) gully fingers around

Agassa community in Okene LGA of Kogi State, stretching from the Ahache area and extending to the

central burial ground area and beyond. The area is typically sandwiched between hills with steep slope.

The gullies put together are about 3.5km with width varying from 2m to 5m and depth of 1m to 6m. The

gullies have existed in the community for about 20years and it is caused by uncontrolled development,

unchecked water falls from the surrounding hills resulting to poor drainage control. The erosion is

therefore a result of human and natural causes namely unplanned settlement, nature of soil, slope and

lack of institutional intervention. Many residential buildings are likely to be destroyed and many are under

serious threat of collapse. The access roads in the community are exposed to destruction and the gully

has developed fingers. Urgent action is required at the site to salvage the environment, protect and

preserve lives and properties.

The affected site enjoys ample annual rainfall, which ranges from 1000mm to 1300mm per annum. The

vegetation is mostly Guinea Savannah. The geology of the area is basement complex comprising of

granite, gneiss and biotite. Most of the inhabitants of the area are generally Ebiras with few populations of

non-indigenes. Majority of the people are farmers, weavers and traders, and the crops grown are mainly

yam, cassava, maize and beniseed.

The community is headed by a traditional ruler with the title of Onoba of Agassa with a strong attachment

to his subjects and well loved by his people. There exists a popular masquerade festival called

EKUECHI, which is well celebrated around November of every year. There are also Eche–Ane (festival

of female), EcheAhana (day singing festival) and Okehi festival.


7

Map 2.1: Map of the World Map 2.2: Map of Africa

Map 2.3: Map of Nigeria Showing Kogi State Map 2.4: Map of Okene Local Government

Map 2.5: Map of Kogi State Showing Okene Local Government Area

st Kogi State


8

Map 2.6: Current NEWMAP States

Map 2.7: Corridor Mapping of Agassa Gully Erosion Site at Okene, Kogi State (See Full Size in

Appendix 7)

AB

IA

EDO ENUGU

OYO

KOGI

SOKOTO

KANO

PLATEAU

GOMBE

DELTA

AN

AM

BR

A

EBO

NY

I

IMO

CR

OSS

RIV

ER

CURRENT NEWMAP STATES ABIA


9

2.4 Geology, Relief and Drainage of Targeted Site

Geology: Kogi State has two main rock types, namely, basement complex rocks of the Precambrian age in

the western half of the state and extending slightly eastwards beyond lower Niger valley and the older

sedimentary rocks in the eastern half. The geology of the area is mostly sedimentary terrain comprising of

clay, fine grains and sand stones. The various sedimentary rock groups extend along the banks of Rivers

Niger and Benue and south-eastwards through Enugu and Anambra States to join the Udi Plateau.

Relief and Drainage: The land rises from about 300 meters along the Niger Benue confluence, to the

heights of between 300 and 600 meters above sea level in the uplands Agbaja Plateau, which ranges from -

335 to 366 meters above sea level, and the much higher Okoro-Agbo hills at Ogidi in ljumu LGA are

some of the predominant landforms of the State. The State is drained by the Niger and Benue Rivers and

their tributaries.

The confluence of the Niger and Benue Rivers which could be viewed from the top of Mount Patti is

located within the State. The Benue River is navigable as far as Garua in the rainy season floods, but up to

Makurdi in Benue State in the dry season (Iloeje, 1979).

The Maboro (Anambra) is the biggest River in Igala land. Maboro, Okura, Ubele and Ofu Rivers run off

the Dekina, Ankpa, Otukpo watershed. Osomera falls at Kilometre 4 on Okene - Ajaokuta Road, Ofejiji

falls in Okura-Olafia and Egeneja warm spring in Bassa Local Government Area are other drainage

features (Benue State, 1985).

The bigger rivers have wide flood plains such as the portion of the lower Niger in Kogi State, which is

more than 1,600 meters wide at Lokoja, while the small streams have narrow valleys. The general rain is

undulating and characterized by high hills, Jos plateau and numerous inselbergs and elongated ridges.

Climate: The State has an annual rainfall of between 1,100mm and 1,300mm. The rainy season lasts

from April to October, and the dry season which lasts from November to March is very dusty and cold as

a result of the north-easterly winds, which heralds the harmattan.

Soils: The flood plains of the Niger and Benue River valleys in Kogi State have the hydromorphic soils

which contain a mixture of coarse alluvial and colluvial deposits (Areola, 1985). The alluvial soils along

the valleys of the rivers are sandy, while the adjoining laterite soil is deeply weathered and grey or reddish

in colour, sticky and permeable.

Vegetation: The vegetation is mostly of Guinea Savannah. The rain forest belt (selva type) covers Dekina,

Ofu, Ankpa, Olamaboro, ldah and Bassa Local Government Areas with rich deciduous and occasional

stunted trees including palms, iroko, mahogany, akee apple and other towering trees. Other LGAs are in

the guinea savannah or parkland savannah belt with tall grasses and some trees.

These are green in the rainy season with fresh leaves and tall grasses, but the land is open during the dry

season, showing charred trees and the remains of burnt grasses. The trees which are in clusters are up to

six meters tall, interspersed with grasses which grow up to about three meters.

These trees include locust bean, Shea butter, oil bean and the isoberlinia. The different types of

vegetations are, however, not in their natural luxuriant state owing to the careless human use of the forest

and the resultant derived deciduous and savannah vegetation.

Ecological Problems: The ecological problems in the state are not necessarily peculiar to it. Some of these

include leaching, erosion and general impoverishment of the soil. These problems are compounded by

the annual bush burning of the savannah that further exposes the top soil to more erosion. Floods pose a


10

problem on the flood plains during the rainy season, while aridity is a problem to several areas at short

distances from the rivers during the dry season. Much damage is done to land and property as a result of

these phenomena

Education: Kogi State is home to the Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Federal

Polytechnic, ldah, Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, Federal College of Education, Okene, College of

Education, Ankpa, College of Agriculture, Kabba, Kogi State College of Education, Technical (Kabba),

and Salem University. Others are college of Nursing and Midwifery in Obangede, School of Health

Technology in ldah and ECWA School of Nursing in Egbe.

Demographics: The result of the 2006 Census shows that there are a total of 3,314,043 persons in Kogi

State among whom 1,672,903 are males while 1641,140 are females. Annual population growth rate in

Kogi State is 3.2% (NPC, 2007).

Table 2.2: The population of Kogi State by Local Government Areas

Name Status Population

Census

1991-11-26

Population

Census

2006-03-21

Population

Projection

2016-03-21

Kogi State 2,147,756 3,314,043 4,473,500

Adavi Local Government Area 157,092 217,219 293,200

Ajaokuta Local Government Area 97,904 122,432 165,300

Ankpa Local Government Area - 266,176 359,300

Bassa Local Government Area 88,496 139,687 188,600

Dekina Local Government Area 177,513 260,968 352,300

Ibaji Local Government Area - 127,572 172,200

Idah Local Government Area - 79,755 107,700

Igalamela-Odolu Local Government Area - 147,048 198,500

Ijumu Local Government Area 66,603 118,593 160,l00

Kabba/Bunu Local Government Area - 144,579 195,200

Kogi Local Government Area 82,483 115,100 155,400

Lokoja Local Government Area - 196,643 265,400

Mopa-Muro Local Government Area - 43,760 59,100

Ofu Local Government Area 108,095 191 ,480 258,500

Ogori/Magongo Local Government Area - 39,807 53,700

Okehi* Local Government Area 146,264 223,574 301,800

Okene Local Government Area - 325,623 439,500

Olamaboro Local Government Area 104,705 158,490 213,900

Omala Local Government Area - 107,968 145,700

Yagba East Local Government Area 88,780 147,641 199,300

Yagba West Local Government Area 76,936 139,928 188,900

Nigeria Federal Republic 88,992,220 140,43179011 193,392,500

Source: National Population Commission of Nigeria (web), National Bureau of Statistics (web).


11

CHAPTER THREE

CENSUS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY

3.1 Introduction

The socio-economic conditions of the PAPs in Agassa gully project activities are summarized in this

Chapter. Socio-economic survey was premised on the PAPs along the corridor of the Agassa gully erosion

site with a view to determining their socio-economic conditions, and how the project stands to impact

them.

The survey, had several primary objectives which include:

• To inform the affected population about the proposed intervention work;

• To announce the kick-off and cut off-date for capturing those affected by the proposed project who

are along the zone of impact;

• To obtain feedback from the affected population about the intervention work;

• To establish the social profile of the affected population along the corridor;

• To record/update the base line situation of all affected people;

• To identify the affected households, individuals and assets;

• To identify vulnerable individuals or groups;

• To record all assets and impacts within the ROW (setback from edge of gully).

3.2 Census Cut-Off Date

The Census Cut-Off Date refers to the date after which PAPs will NOT be considered eligible for

compensation, i.e. they are not included in the list of PAPs as defined before the end of socio-economic

survey of the PAPs.

The census commenced with the announcement of the kick-off date on November 27, 2017. Following

the conclusion of the census on December 10th

, 2017, the cut-off date was declared to be December 10,

2017, after which no newly arrived persons or families will be eligible for resettlement benefits. In

addition, improvements to housing etc. made after the date will not be eligible for compensation (repairs,

such as fixing a leaky roof, are permissible). The cut-off date was announced and made known through

appropriate traditional means of reaching-out during the community awareness campaigns at site level and

through the local government.

The cut-off date was intended to prevent speculation and rent-seeking in order to become eligible for

additional resettlement benefits. This is bearing in mind the period between the cut-off date and the time

actual productive investments would start, and that only after PAPs have been compensated according to

the requirements of this RAP. Nevertheless, if works are not initiated two years or more elapsed after

declaration of a cut-off date, an updated census and evaluation of properties/assets must be carried out.

3.3 Data Analyses and Interpretation

Specifically, the following thematic socio-economic indicators were included in the survey: gender, age

distribution; marital status; nature of trade/occupation of vendor/PAPS; income category, etc. The data

analyses and interpretation focus on the socio-demographic background information of respondents,

identified Project Affected Persons (PAPs) and affected assets.

3.3.1 Analyses of Persons (Respondents) Interviewed

A total of 200 questionnaires were administered to community members including identified Project

Affected Persons across the length of the gully corridor. The respondents refer to any person considered

to live or do businesses in the communities in the gully site areas who may not necessary be affected.

Project affected persons are those actually affected by the project. It is important to note that the impact


12

of project activities on the sources of livelihood of PAPs along the gully corridor vary among them. While

some are directly affected (those within 5m from the edge of the gully), others are not, (such as those

within general watershed area).

The response of those met or to whom questionnaires were administered provided an average idea of the

prevailing situation in the proposed project area. Therefore, it is believed that the information provided

by these categories of people are accurate about the businesses they represent/operate or property/asset

they own or represent.

3.4 Socio-Economic Data Results and Discussions

A number of field studies were carried out to gather additional information on the baseline social

conditions that may potentially be affected during project implementation and operation. This involves

inventory of project affected persons, especially the individuals/communities/vulnerable groups, physical

based assets, including administration of questionnaire and oral interviews to gather other relevant social

data.

A social/economic survey was carried out to obtain relevant baseline social and economic data to

complement information earlier obtained from consultations. This essentially involved structured

public/community consultations (Nos. 5) and focal group discussions (FGDs) to reveal other underlying

social issues that may affect and or assist in the implementation.

Some of the topics included are:

a. Demographic structure of the community;

b. Leadership patterns and political process;

c. Family structure;

d. Services available in or near the community: schools, health facilities, credit facilities, religious

organizations, government agencies;

e. Debit/credit relationships;

f. Existing organizations (e.g. age grades, religious groups) and capacity for community actions;

g. Conflicts and divisions (ethnic, religious. etc.) within the community or between communities;

h. Important local customs and festivals;

i. Educational levels;

j. Permanence of the community;

k. Primary forms of livelihood;

l. Community attitudes towards erosion and drainage;

m. Relevant aspects of gender relations; women’s vs. men’s roles.

3.4.1 Agassa Household Demographics

The demographics of the households living in Agassa include the gender distribution of the households,

their marital status, and level of education attained, literacy status, household size, and gender distribution

of household members. The results obtained are presented in relevant charts and tables below (Please see

Appendix 4.1).

3.4.2 Gender Distribution and Marital Status

The gender distribution of the household heads in Agassa watershed showed that 69 percent were males

and 31 percent were females. The analysis of the marital status of the household heads showed that 94.9

percent were married, while 0.5 percent were singles. Also, 1 percent is divorced, while 3 percent are

separated. Others (no response) are 0.6 percent. See Figures 3.1 and 3.2 respectively for more details.


13

Figure 3.1: Gender distribution of household heads in Agassa Figure 3.2: Marital Distribution of Household heads in

Agassa

3.4.3 Family Size and Average Age of Household Members

The average age of household heads in Agassa was about 54 years (Figure 3.3). The minimum was 22

years, while the maximum was 100 years. The implication of the above are in two folds: (1) there is no

child headed household heads in the community, (2) elderly persons (above 65 years old) represent about

70 percent of the household heads in the community. This age grade constitutes the vulnerable group

which Kogi NEWMAP may need to pay more attention to (where need be) during the implementation of

RAP. Furthermore, the age of dependants in households is captured in Figure 3.4 below.

Figure 3.3: Average Age of Household Heads in Agassa Figure3.4: Average Age of Dependent Household Members

in Agassa

69%

31%

GENDER

MALE FEMALE

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

20 -35

36 -50

51 -65

66 -80

81 -95

96 -110

AGE OF HOUSEHOLD HEADS

0.5

94.9

1 3 0.60

20

40

60

80

100

MARITAL STATUS

MARITALSTATUS

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 - 9 10 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39

Pe

rce

nta

ge A

ge

AGE OF DEPENDENT HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS


14

Figure 3.5: Percentage Distribution of Family Size

3.4.4 Educational Level and Literacy Status

The analysis of the educational level of the household heads and their literacy status is presented in Table

4.6 and Figure 4.1 respectively. The result obtained showed that only about 33 percent of the household

heads in the project area had completed secondary school education, and about 17 percent completed

primary education. There were also about 20 percent who had completed tertiary education, while about

26 percent had no formal education. Less than 5 percent of the household heads in the area on the

average or about 21 percent in Agassa had undergone vocational training. The literacy status of the family

heads on the other hand showed that about 87 percent are literate, while only about 13 percent or

approximately 1 in 10 are illiterates or cannot read nor write.

Figure 3.6: Highest Educational Level of Figure 3.7: Highest Educational Level of

Household Members in Agassa Household Heads in Agassa

3.5 Agassa Socio-economic Characteristics

The socio-economic characteristics of the households in Agassa analysed in this section include the major

occupation of the household heads, family income from both the heads and contribution from other

family members including transfer payments from relations, and average household expenditures on

major items on per capita basis.

20%

50%

25%

5%

FAMILY SIZE

0 - 4 5 - 9 10 - 14 15 & Above

0

20

40

Educational Level

EducationalLevel

Literacy Status

Literate

Illiterate


15

3.5.1 Major Occupation of Household Heads

The analysis of the distribution of household heads by occupations types in Agassa area showed that

about 36 percent are engaged in trading or business, 25 percent are civil servants, about 16 percent are

farmers, while about 14 percent are artisans. See Table 4.7 for more details on the occupation types in

the catchment area.

Figure 3.8: Distribution of household heads by Occupation Type in Agassa

3.5.2 Household Income and Expenditure

The unadjusted average per capita monthly income of households in Agassa is about N8,925, while the

range is about N94,231, which is indicative of a high disparity in income levels among households living

in the catchment area. Furthermore, the median per capita income in the area is about N7,075, which

implies that about 50 percent of the households earn this amount or below, while another 50 percent earn

incomes above this level monthly per head (see Table 3.8).

The household income and expenditure summaries in Table 4.9 below shows that the monthly per capita

total expenditure in Agassa is about N6,444, while the median expenditure for the households within the

catchment is about N6000. In the same vein, the monthly per capita food expenditure in the area is

N2,693, while the median is N2000 monthly per head. See Table 3.9 below for more details on the

monthly income and expenditure of households in Agassa catchments area.

3.5.3 Land and Other Resources: Ownership and Use

The land and other resources ownership and uses cover the following analysis: the reasons why

households chose to live in the catchment, the housing types and materials used in housing construction

as a measure of the quality of housing, methods of farmland acquisition, types of crops grown, problems

faced and land use intensity measured by the frequency of land use and visits. Other analyses include

household farming experience, major uses of non-agricultural land, major water sources, rain harvesting

method adopted by households that depend on this source and their satisfaction with water obtained from

their main sources. The detailed analysis is presented in relevant tables and subsections below.

3.5.4 Household Residency and Housing Quality

The analysis of the reasons for households residency in Agassa showed that about 90 percent of the

households chose to live in that catchment because it is their ancestral home. Less than 10 percent are in

the watershed for business reasons, while about 2 percent hold some form of employment in the

catchment. See Figure 3.10 below for more details.

020406080

100

Distribution by Occupation Type in Agassa

Distribution by Occupation Typein Agassa


16

Figure 3.9: Households’ reasons for residing in Agassa catchments

HOUSING: Majority of the houses in the community are bungalows - predominantly old structures - with

little or no modern facilities. Some of the buildings in the area are made up of mud and corrugated

roofing sheets. The buildings are of single room type as shown in table 3.10 below.

Figure 3.10: Types of Houses Occupied by Households in Agassa

3.5.5 Awareness of Proposed Project

Many (87.5%) of the respondents are aware that work is about to start on the gully corridor and see it as a

welcome development while 5% are not aware and 7.5% are not sure.

Figure3.11: Awareness of Proposed Project

0

50

100

AncestraHome

BusinessLocation Place of

EmploymentOthers

Total

0

50

100

YesNo

Not Sure

.

020406080

100

Types of Houses Occupied

Types of Houses Occupied


17

3.5.6 Response on Desirability of Proposed Project

Majority (90%) desire the proposed project. Ten percent (10%) of them are not sure whether they desire

the proposed project. No respondent answered emphatically ‘no’.

Figure 3.12: Desirability of Proposed Project

0

20

40

60

80

100

Yes No Not Sure

-


18

CHAPTER FOUR

IMPACT OF THE PROJECT

4.1 Introduction

The inventory of assets and analysis carried out in the course of preparing this RAP identified project

impacts hereby classified into positive and negative impacts..

4.2 Positive Impacts of the Project

The major benefits will occur in the form of improved erosion management and gully rehabilitation

which will provide for:

• Reduced loss of infrastructure including roads, houses, etc.

• Reduced loss of agricultural land and productivity from soil loss caused by surface erosion.

• Reduced siltation in rivers leading to less flooding and the preservation of the water systems for

improved access to domestic water supply.

• Reduced risks of floods (due to reduced siltation)

• Progressively restored vegetative cover, improved environmental conditions and more humid

local microclimates. This results in increased vegetation cover for wildlife and carbon

sequestration.

• Environmental improvements due to land stabilization measures which preserve the landscape

and biodiversity.

4.3 Negative Impacts of the Project

Although the Project is expected to have a lot of positive impacts as presented above in section 4.4, it is

however not without some attendant negative impacts. Based on the inventory carried out, land

acquisition, will be very minimal and shall be restricted to the 5m setback along the gully corridor.

Notwithstanding, the intervention will lead to the following adverse impacts:

- Loss of economic trees and agricultural crops;

- Loss of structures;

- Loss of public utilities;

- Loss of businesses and,

- Loss of accommodation.

The account of the quantity and specification of the affected items is presented in the section under

analysis of inventory of affected assets.

4.4 Analysis of the Inventory of Affected Assets

An inventory of Assets to be displaced along the gully corridor is categorized into economic trees, affected

businesses, structures, residential accommodation and utilities as shown below.

1. Economic Trees affected in Agassa

Economic Trees Number

Banana/Plantain 11

Coconut 07

Orange 03

Pawpaw 03

Umbrella fruits 01

Bamboo 03

Palm tree 50

Guava 01

MoringaOlifera 04

Pineapple 01

Castor 01

Garden Egg 01


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2. Affected Businesses

Business Number

Poultry 01

Shop/kiosk 02

3. Structures affected in Agassa

Structure Number

Well 03

Fence 12

Buildings 20

Uncompleted buildings 02

Bathrooms/Toilets 04

Pavements 02

4. Affected residential accommodations =31

5. Electric poles to be relocated = 2

4.5 Avoidance/Minimization of Resettlement

To avoid negative impacts, or minimize as much as possible, the following measures were taken:

• A full opportunity for involvement of all stakeholders, especially the direct stakeholders (project

affected persons) provided through public participation and engagement of the stakeholder

communities. This afforded the concerned stakeholders the opportunity to contribute to both the

design and implementation of the project activities thereby reducing the likelihood of occurrence

of some of the impacts.

• Kogi State NEWMAP/Contractor will adhere to the 5 meter setback required for construction as

stipulated in the Engineering Design.

• The setback on the corridor was made known to the stakeholders (5m) and that in the event of

work in such locations all affected properties are to be removed by their owners to give the

required right of way for the work.

4.6 Mitigation Measures

The main objective of the RAP is to develop programmes that can improve the livelihoods of PAP’s or

restore them to the pre-displacement levels. To provide a safety net for all the PAPs and improve their

livelihood until they become self-sufficient and resilient to economic stresses as they were before the

project came or even better, appropriate mitigation measures and preparations of the entire resettlement

process have been developed and shall be ensured. Specifically, the following mitigation measures shall

be implemented:

- PAPs shall be consulted before and during the implementation of this RAP to ensure their full

participation in the RAP process.

- PAPs shall be compensated in line with this RAP before actual project implementation. This

implies that construction activities (displacement and demolition) will not take place until PAPs

have been full compensated.

- Assistance to PAPs / vulnerable persons shall be adhered to in line with the recommendations in

this RAP.

- RAP implementation including livelihood restoration measures shall be monitored by the SPMU

to ensure that PAPs and the vulnerable are restored to the pre-project social conditions.


20

- Grievance redress shall be given high priority in this project. For the vulnerable, priority shall be

given in all mitigation measures relating to them. Stress to this group shall be avoided. Where

mitigation measures include physical preparation of site as appropriate assistance support and

protection shall be provided to help them overcome difficulties in the process.

4.7 Number and Types of Affected Persons

A total of 76 PAPs will be affected by the project. This includes 40 asset owners and 36 tenants. Similarly,

the PAPs are made up of 51 males and 25 females. In terms of number of family members of PAPs, the

project recorded a total number of 241 persons from the 76 PAPs.

The list of Affected Persons and compensation entitlements is shown in Appendix 5. Assets types is

provided in

Appendix 4.1

4.8 Inventory of Impacted Assets

The affected assets include structures and farmlands essentially. These have been identified and are as

shown in this subsection.

4.8.1 Impact on Land and Structures

The structures that could be affected in the course of work or that could constitute hindrance to work

have been identified as depicted in Map 2.5. In Appendix the PAPs who own these structures are

identified in relation to the numbered structures.

4.8.2 Impact on Agricultural Resources (Crops)

Impacted agricultural resources include Mango trees, Coconut trees, Plantain trees, Castor stems,

Plantain, Banana trees, Bamboo, Orange trees, Pawpaw, Guava and Cashew

trees as outlined in Table 4.1.

4.8.3 Impact on Utilities

Two electric wooden poles were identified which shall cause hindrance in the course of work.

4.8.4 Impact on Social Networks

The physical displacement of PAPs will result in the disruption of some social networks, in terms of

nearness to each other. However, the nature of the mitigation/compensation shall largely ensure that

those affected will still be in close contact with each other, for sustainable use of the affected area and in

line with the principles of the NEWMAP. Consultations and interactions initiated during the preparation

of this RAP shall be sustained on the need to give way for the reclamation of the devastated areas once

compensated.

4.8.5 Impact on Vulnerable Group

Thirty six (36) vulnerable PAPs were identified as tenants in the affected properties. By this position, they

would be homeless when the buildings are eventually brought down for civil work in the course of the

intervention work. Thus, they will need assistance to help them overcome difficulties in the process. They

cannot successfully relocate without adequate support and assistance.

In addition to other mitigation measures, a relocation assistance of twelve thousand (N12, 000.00) Naira

only has been computed for each tenant as an appendage to the owners of the properties in appendix 6B.

The assistance sum was arrived at following consultation with the affected tenants. It was informed that

the tenants are on monthly rent of one thousand naira (N1,000) only. To assist them from the shock of

the project, it was agreed that Kogi State NEWMAP will pay for three (3) months’ rent for each of them.

Furthermore, the sum of nine thousand naira (N9,000) only is to take care of haulage (transport).


21

To provide a safety net until they become self-sufficient and resilient to economic stress as they were pre-

project or even better, appropriate preparedness of the entire resettlement process has been ensured.

Also, priority shall be given to this group in all mitigation measures related to them. Furthermore, stress

to this group shall be avoided where mitigation measures include physical preparation of sites (Kindly see

subsection 5.3 for mitigation measures).

4.8.6 Potential Relocation Areas

Generally, relocation within the vicinity of the PAPs’ current residences is feasible. Such relocation sites

shall be worked out between the community leaders i.e., ward head and landlords, and to be supervised

by the Chairman, Agassa Community Association, as well as the livelihood unit of the SPMU.

Notably to mention in this RAP is that there is no permanent displacement.


22

CHAPTER FIVE

RELEVANT LOCAL AND FEDERAL POLICY,

LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS

5.0 Introduction

The comprehensive review of the following policy and regulatory frameworks guided the preparation of

this RAP.

5.1 The Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) of the NEWMAP

The Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) was prepared as a guide to set out the general terms under

which land acquisition/encroachment, and/or any form of involuntary displacement of persons from the

land or right of way of the project can take place, to comply with the World Bank Operational Policy (OP

4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement).

The Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) specified that during implementation stage and following the

identification of sub-projects and sites for the developments, individual resettlement action plans should

be prepared that must be consistent with the provisions of the RPF. It also provided a generic process for

the preparation of resettlement plan.

The RPF specified that in addressing impacts, resettlement plan must include measures to ensure that the

displaced persons are:

a. Informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement;

b. Consulted on, offered choices among, and provided with technically and economically feasible

resettlement alternatives;

c. Provide prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost for losses of assets

attributable to the project; and

d. Enabled to restore and preferably improve their living standards compared to the pre-project

condition

Overall, the objective of the RPF is to ensure that PAPs are meaningfully consulted, are involved in the

planning process, and are adequately compensated to the extent that at least their pre-displacement

incomes have been restored and in a fair and transparent process.

The RPF specifies that occupants who must be displaced will be relocated at a minimum cost and to a

nearby location. It also states that occupants who must be relocated will be assisted physically by inclusion

of preparatory site work in the works programme of the contractor and/or by payments to relocate shops

and items of livelihoods to alternative locations. It also recommends the setting up of a dispute resolution

mechanism that will address complaints and grievances that may emanate from the resettlement or

compensation process.

The preparation of this RAP is consistent with the guidelines and recommendations of the RPF of

NEWMAP which is also found to be in agreement with the guidelines of the World Bank Involuntary

Resettlement 0P4.12 and Cultural Property OP 11.03.

5.2 Interim Guidelines for Addressing Legacy Issues in World Bank Projects

The interim guideline aims to provide Bank project teams and Management with guidance on how to

address legacy issues related to Safeguards documents when:

a) The Bank restarts engagement in a project after a significant passage of time, or

b) The Bank becomes engaged significantly late in a project or in a component of a project that is

already well underway.


23

Legacy issues in the context of social impacts are also commonly understood as impacts that remain after

a development project, factory, business, similar project enterprise, or mine has ceased operations.

The ESMF specifies that the interim guidance note of the World Bank may not sufficiently cover such

legacy issues because those types of legacy issues may require situation-specific approaches or other

approaches not well addressed through the use of the Bank’s Safeguards work. In order words, there is

need to complement the interim guideline with local legacy procedures.

5.3 Policy on Disclosure and Access to Information (DAI)

The objective of the Policy on Disclosure and Access to Information (DAI) is to provide a clear

framework for ensuring greater awareness and understanding of the Bank’s development function and

mission through public outreach, and providing better access to information, particularly on the Bank’s

operations.

5.4 Nigeria Regulatory Framework

With regards to management of the bio-physical environment throughout Nigeria, the overall

responsibility was held by the now defunct Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA), which was

absorbed into the Federal Ministry of Environment (FME) in 1999. The State Environmental Protection

Agencies or, as the case maybe, State Ministries of Environment performs this function at state and local

levels.

5.4.1 The Federal Ministry of Environment (FME)

The Federal Ministry of Environment’s mandate includes the establishment of federal water quality

standards and effluent limitations, protection of air and atmospheric quality; protection of the ozone layer;

control the discharge of hazardous substances; inter alia, and ensures that all major development projects

in Nigeria are subject to mandatory Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) pursuant to EIA Act. No.

86 (Decree No. 86) of 1992

As contained in FEPA Acts 58 of 1988 and 59 of 1992, all lands in Nigeria belong to the Federal

Government and are entrusted to the State Governors of the respective states to hold in trust for the

public and for public interest. In the event of use of land for public interest, the Act specifies as follows:

a. That the government should resettle and/or compensate occupants of land with Certificate of

Occupancy (C of O); or

b. Issue notice to occupiers of land prior to displacement of land for public project.

In practice, governments do not compensate known rightful owners of land/asset when the affected

land/assets are located within the right of way of utilities. Rather, the government enforces involuntary

displacement by demolition the structures and assets that are located within the land mapped for project.

5.4.2 Nigeria Law/Land Use Act of 1978 and Resettlement Procedures

The Land Use Act, Cap 202, 1990 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria is the applicable law regarding

ownership, transfer, acquisition and all such dealings on Land. The provisions of the Act vest every Parcel

of Land in every State of the Federation in the Executive Governor of the State. The Governor holds

such parcel of land in trust for the people and government of the State. The Act categorized the land in a

state to urban and non-urban or local areas. The administration of the urban land is vested in the

Governor, while the latter is vested in the Local Government Councils. At any rate, all lands irrespective

of the category belong to the State while individuals only enjoy a right of occupancy as contained in the

certificate of occupancy, or where the grants are deemed.


24

Thus, the Land Use Act is the key legislation that has direct relevance to resettlement and compensation

in Nigeria. Relevant Sections of these laws with respect to land ownership and property rights,

resettlement and compensation are summarized in this section.

The concept of ownership of land as known in the western context is varied by the Act. The Governor

administers the land for the overriding common good and benefits of the citizens of the State. The law

makes it lawful for the Governor to grant statutory right of occupancy for all purposes; the agricultural

(including grazing and ancillary activities), residential and other purposes, grant easements appurtenant to

statutory rights of occupancy and to demand rent. But the limit of such grant is 500 hectares for

agricultural purpose and 5,000 for grazing except with the consent of the Governor.

The statutory Rights of Occupancy are for a definite time (the limit is 99 years) and may be granted

subject to the terms of any contract made between the state governor and the holder.

The Local Government Authority, under the Act, is allowed to enter, use and occupy for public purpose

any land within its jurisdiction that does not fall within an area compulsorily acquired by the Government

of the Federation or of relevant State; or subject to any laws relating to minerals or mineral oils.

5.4.3 Requirements of the Land Use Act

The state is required to establish an administrative system for the revocation of the rights of occupancy,

and payment of compensation for the affected parties. So, the Land Use Act provides for the

establishment of a Land Use and Allocation Committee in each State that determines disputes as to

compensation payable for improvements on the land. (Section 2 (2) (c).

In addition, each State is required to set up a Land Allocation Advisory Committee, to advise the Local

Government on matters related to the management of land. The holder of occupancy of such revoked

land is to be entitled to the value of the unexhausted development as at the date of revocation (Section

6)(5). Where land subject to customary right of Occupancy and used for agricultural purposes is revoked

under the land Use Act, the local government can allocate alternative land for the same purpose (Section

6(6).

In the event that the Local Government refuses or neglects to pay compensation to a holder occupier,

within a reasonable time, the Governor may proceed to effect assessment under section 29 and direct the

Local Government to pay the amount of such compensation to the holder or occupier. Section 6) (7).

Where a right of occupancy is revoked on the ground either that the land is required by the Local, State

or Federal Government for public purpose or for the extraction of building materials, the holder and the

occupier shall be entitled to compensation for the value at the date of revocation of their unexhausted

improvements. Unexhausted improvement has been defined by the Act as:

anything of any quality permanently attached to the land directly resulting from the expenditure

of capital or labour by any occupier or any person acting on his behalf; and increasing the

productive capacity the utility or the amenity thereof and includes buildings, plantations of long-

lived crops or trees, fencing walls, roads and irrigation or reclamation works, but does not include

the result of ordinary cultivation other than growing produce.

Developed Land is also defined in the generous manner under Section 50(1) a follows: land where there

exists any physical improvement in the nature of road development services, water, electricity, drainage,

building, structure or such improvements that may enhance the value of the land for industrial,

agricultural or residential purposes.


25

It follows from the foregoing that, compensation is not payable on vacant land on which there exist no

physical improvements resulting from the expenditure of capital or labour.

The compensation payable is the estimated value of the unexhausted improvements at the rate of

revocation. Payment of such compensation to the holder and the occupier as suggested by the Act is

confusing. Does it refer to holder in physical occupation of the land or two different persons entitled to

compensation perhaps in equal shares? The correct view appears to allow from the general tenor of the

Act. First, the presumption is more likely to be the owner of such unexhausted improvements. Secondly,

the provision of section 6(5) of the Act, which makes compensation payable to the holder and the

occupier according to their respective interests, gives a pre-emptory directive as to who shall be entitled to

what.

Again, the Act provides in section 30 that where there arises any dispute as to the amount of

compensation calculated in accordance with the provisions of section 29, such dispute shall be referred to

the appropriate Land Use and Allocation Committee. It is clear from section 47 (2) of the Act that no

further appeal will lie from the decision of such a committee. If this is so, then the provision is not only

retrospective but also conflicts with the fundamental principle of natural justice, which requires that a

person shall not be a judge in his own case. The Act must, in making this provision, have proceeded on

the basis that the committee is a distinct body quite different from the Governor or the Local

Government. It is submitted, however, that it will be difficult to persuade the public that this is so since

the members of the committee are all appointees of the Governor.

Where a right of occupancy is revoked for public purposes within the state of the Federation; or on the

ground of requirement of the land for the extraction of building materials, the quantum of compensation

shall be as follows:

a) In respect of the land, an amount equal to the rent, if any, paid by the occupier during the year in

which the right of occupancy was revoked.

b) In respect of the building, installation or improvements therein, for the amount of the

replacement cost of the building, installation or improvements to be assessed on the basis of

prescribed method of assessment as determined by the appropriate officer less any depreciation,

together with interest at the bank for delayed payment of compensation.

c) With regards to reclamation works, the quantum of compensation is such cost as may be

substantiated by documentary evidence and proof to the satisfaction of the appropriate officer.

d) In respect of crops on land, the quantum of compensation is an amount equal to the values

prescribed and determined by the appropriate officer.

Where the right of occupancy revoked is in respect of a part of a larger portion of land, compensation

shall be computed in respect of the whole land for an amount equal in rent, if any, paid by the occupier

during the year in which the right of occupancy was revoked less a proportionate amount calculated in

relation to the area not affected by the revocation; and any interest payable shall be assessed and

computed in the like manner. Where there is any building installation or improvement or crops on the

portion revoked, the quantum of compensation shall follow as outlined above and any interest payable

shall be computed in like manner.

5.5 International Guidelines

International Development Partners/Agencies such as World Bank and other financial organizations

interested in development projects recognize this highly especially in development that result in

involuntary resettlement. It is against this background that policies and guidelines have been set for

managing such issues. The World Bank’s policy on involuntary resettlement will be applied in any sub-

project of the NEWMAP that displaces people from land or productive resources due to land take.


26

Where there is conflict between national legislation and World Bank Operational Policies, the latter

policies shall prevail.

5.5.1 The World Bank Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (WB OP. 4.12)

The Bank’s policy on Involuntary Resettlement advocates that where feasible, involuntary resettlement

should be avoided or minimized. Resettlement shall be conceived and executed as a sustainable

development program, where it is inevitable, providing sufficient investment resources to enable persons

displaced by the project share in project benefit.

Persons displaced shall be:

i. Duly consulted and should have opportunity to participate in the planning and execution of the

resettlement;

ii. Compensated for their losses at full replacement cost prior to civil works;

iii. Assisted with the move and supported during the transitional period in the resettlement site;

iv. Assisted in their effort to improve their former living standards, income earning capacity and

production levels or at least to restore them.

For the nature of the Flood and Erosion Site in Agassa, which will also involve some civil works

constructions, the World Bank required the preparation of a Resettlement Action Plan to be used to

guide the execution of a sustainable resettlement or compensation process for all the PAPs.

5.5.2 Conclusion Drawn from the Review of World Bank Policies on Involuntary Resettlement

Review of the different policy guidelines of the World Bank (OP/BP 4.12) shows that primarily, the

World Bank agrees that PAPs be compensated or assisted irrespective of legal status of PAPs to the

land/or place they occupy. The key concern articulated in this policy is to ensure that PAPs are

compensated or assisted including income restoration measures to ensure that they are not economically

worse off relative to pre-project period.

5.6 Comparison between Nigerian Land Use Act and the World Bank Operational Policy (0P4.12)

In this section a comparison is made between the Nigerian Land Use Act and the World Bank’s

operational policy on involuntary resettlement.

Table 5.1: Comparison of Nigerian Land Use Act (1978) and World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.12)

CATEGORY NIGERIAN LAW OP 4.12 Of WORLD BANK MEASURES

Land Owners:

Statutory Rights

Cash

compensation

based upon

market value

Recommends land-for-land

compensation, or cash

compensation at replacement

cost.

Cash compensation at

replacement cost.

Land Owners:

customary

Rights

Cash

compensation for

land

improvements;

compensation

in kind with other

village/ district land

Equivalent value. If not, cash

at full replacement value,

including transfer costs.

Cash at full replacement

value, including transfer

costs.

Land Tenants Entitled to

compensation

based on the

amount of rights

they hold upon

Entitled to some form of

compensation subject to the

legal recognition of their

occupancy.

Compensation subject to

the legal recognition of

their occupancy.


27

land.

Land Users Land users without

title rights be it

customary, C of O

or R of O are not

entitled to any

form of

compensation.

Entitled for compensation for

crops and entitled for land

replacement and income loss

compensation for minimal of

pre-project level.

Compensation for crops

and entitled for land

replacement and income

loss compensation for

minimal of pre-project

level.

Owners of Non-

permanent

Buildings

Cash

compensation

based on

prevailing market

value

Entitled to in-kind

compensation or cash

Compensation at full

replacement cost including

labour and relocation

expenses, prior to

displacement.

Compensation at full

replacement cost

Owners of

permanent

Buildings

Cash

compensation

based on

prevailing market

value

Entitled to in-kind

compensation or cash

compensation at full

replacement cost including

labour and relocation

expenses, Prior to

displacement.

Compensation or cash

compensation at full

replacement cost

including labour

Losers of

livelihoods,

farmers, business

people,

employees etc.

No consideration

other than cash

values for assets as

described above by

asset category

Key objective is restoration of

capacity to generate incomes at

least at levels prior to losses.

Programs of assistance to

achieve this objective-

Compensation for periods of

lost income.

Restoration of capacity to

generate incomes at least

at levels prior to losses.

Programs of assistance to

achieve this objective-

Compensation for

periods of lost income.

Grievance

procedure

No specification

requirement for

establishing an

independent

grievance

mechanism

The Grievance Mechanism

Will Be Set Up as Early as

Possible in The Process, To

Receive and Address in A

Timely Fashion Specific

Concerns About

Compensation and Relocation

That Are Raised by Displaced

Persons And/or Members Of

Host Communities. Including

A Recourse mechanism

designed to resolve disputes in

an impartial manner. The

grievance mechanism, process,

or procedure should address

concerns promptly and

effectively, using an

understandable and

transparent process that is

culturally appropriate and

Procedures to follow

grievance redress

mechanism established.


28

readily accessible to all

segments of the affected

communities, at no cost and

without retribution.

Rejection of

Compensation

No categorical

Statement

Where compensation to an

affected person in accordance

with an approved resettlement

plan has been offered, but the

offer has been rejected, the

taking of land and related

assets may only proceed if the

project owner has deposited

funds equal to the amount

offered as compensation plus

10 percent in a secure form of

escrow or other interest-

bearing deposit satisfying the

Bank’s fiduciary requirements.

The project owner must also

provide a means satisfactory to

the Bank for resolving the

dispute concerning the offer of

compensation in a timely and

equitable manner

The World Bank

recommendation is to be

implemented.

Adapted from the Resettlement Policy Framework for the project, April 2006 Revised 2013.


29

Table 5.2: The Entitlement Matrix for Various Categories of PAPs

Type of Loss Entitled Person Description of Entitlement

1.Permanent loss of land

1.1Cultivable/residential/c

ommercial land

1.1 (a)Legal owners of land

(b) Occupancy/Hereditary

Tenant

1.1 (a) Land for land compensation is preferred

priority, or Cash compensation at replacement

value based on market rate plus 10% compulsory

acquisition surcharge as second option

(b) & (c) Compensation will be paid as plus a

one- time lump sum grant for restoration of

livelihood and assistance for relocation.

2. Damage to land (such

as abutting sub-project

site)

2.1. By excavation etc.

from burrows for earth for

construction.

2.2 By severance of

agricultural holding

2.1. (a)Legal owner/s

(b) Village/s or clan/s with

customary ownership

2.2. (a)Legal owner/s

(b) Village/s or clan/s with

customary ownership

2. 1 (a) & (b) Restoration of land to pre-

construction condition or cash

compensation at prevailing rates for necessary

bulldozer/ tractor hours

to restoring level and/or truckloads of earth for

fill

2.2 Provision of water course to connect severed

segment with source

of water

3. Loss of income and

livelihood

3.1. Temporary loss of

access to land for

cultivation

3.1 Cultivator occupying land 3.1. Estimated net income for each lost cropping

season, based on land record averages of crops

and area planted in the previous four years

3.2. Loss of agricultural

crops, and fruit and wood

trees.

3.3 Loss of income by

agricultural tenants

because of loss of land

they were cultivating

3.2. (a) Owner/s of crops or

trees. Includes crops trees

owned by

encroachers/squatters

(b) /tenant

3.3 Persons working on the

affected lands

3.2. (a) Cash compensation for loss of agricultural

crops at current market value of mature crops,

based on average production.

Compensation for loss of fruit trees for average

fruit production years to be computed at current

market value.

Compensation for loss of wood-trees at current

market value of wood (timber or firewood, as the

case may be).

3.2. (b) Partial compensation to tenants for loss of

their crops/trees as per due share or agreement

(verbal or written)

3.3 One-time lump sum grant to agricultural

tenants (permanent, short- term or long-term

agricultural labour (this will be in addition to their

shares in crop/tree compensation)

a) Tree/perennial crops: Harvesting of the crops

will be given a first priority but where harvesting is

not possible, counting of the affected crops will

be done in the presence of the owner.

Computation of the costs will be done according

to market rates and will include cost of regrowing

perennial trees to maturity where applicable.

b) Annual crops: Crops will be harvested by the

owner and therefore no compensation will be

paid for crops. Where crops cannot be harvested,

compensation at the market rate will be paid

4. Permanent loss of

Structures

4.1 Residential and

commercial

Structures

4.1. (a)Owners of the

structures whether or not the

land on which the structure

stands is legally occupied

(b) Renters

4.1. (a) Cash compensation for loss of built-up

structures at full replacement costs

Owners of affected structures will be allowed to

take/reuse their salvageable materials for

rebuilding/rehabilitation of structure.

In case of relocation, transfer allowance to cover


30

cost of Shifting (transport plus loading/unloading)

the effects and materials will be paid on actual

cost basis or on current market rates.

(b) One-time cash assistance equivalent to 4

months rent moving to alternate premise.

Transfer allowance to cover cost of shifting

(transport plus loading/unloading) personal

effects paid on actual cost basis or on current

market rates.

4.2. Cultural, Religious,

and community structures

/facilities School, church,

water channels, pathways,

and other community

structures/installations

4.2.Community 4.2. Complete rehabilitation/restoration by the

Project: or, Cash compensation for restoring

affected cultural/community structures and

installations, to the recognized patron/custodian.

5. Special provision for

vulnerable APs

5.1 Re-establishing and/or

enhancing livelihood

5.1 Women headed

households, disabled or

elderly persons and the

landless

5.2 Change in Livelihood

for women and other

vulnerable AP5 that need

to substitute their income

because of adverse impact

5.2. (a) Vulnerable APs,

particularly Women enrolled

in a vocational training facility

5.2. (b) owner/s whose

landholding has been

reduced to less than 5 acres

Unanticipated adverse

impact due to project

intervention or associated

activity

The Project team will deal with any unanticipated consequences of the Project

during and after project implementation in the light and spirit of the principle of

the entitlement matrix.

5.7 Eligibility Criteria

There are three basic categories of eligibility for resettlement benefits:

i. Persons holding legal title (or the equivalent in customary-law) to the land they occupy or use to

derive their livelihood. This shall be entitled to receive compensation for their assets at

replacement value.

ii. Persons lacking title but with legal rights that can ratified by recognized legal process, e.g. heirs to

an estate.

iii. Persons with no legal or legitimate claim to the land they occupy or use.

Those having legitimate rights shall receive assistance to regularize their status and shall be treated just as

those having legal rights. Persons having no legal rights to land under law may not be compensated for the

land they occupy but they are entitled to compensation for other assets / improvement on the land (e.g.

housing) and to receive assistance. In practice, this may mean that squatters and other non-legal occupants

receive the same entitlement as those having legal rights. Where cash compensation is used for very poor

people, it is strongly recommended that supervision be provided so that such compensation is not used

for consumption or other unsustainable expenditures. The census carried out has enabled the

identification of those affected and eligible for assistance and the nature of assistance.

The entitlements, as the case may be, consist of replacement housing, building lots, or cash

compensation. Under Bank Policy, cash compensation is only appropriate when there is an active market

in land or housing and where such assets are actually available for purchase. Communal rights to land and

other assets are recognized. Clans, lineages and other community property have been subjected to the

same procedures as for privately held land. In such cases, traditional law may be taken into account.

Tenants will be granted resettlement entitlements along with owners or they may be given a subsidy to

find a new rental property. Entitlements shall include transitional support such as moving expenses,


31

assistance with food and childcare during a move and other needed support. All PAPs irrespective of

their status, whether they have formal titles, legal rights or not, squatters or otherwise encroaching illegally

on land, are eligible for some kind of assistance if they occupied the project area before the cut-off date.

All persons residing, conducting activities or earning income within the project affected areas at the cut-

off-date, which is the last day of inventory of loss will be entitled to compensation and resettlement

assistance. To determine their eligibility, PAPs are classified as follows:

➢ Persons who have formal right to land (including customary and traditional rights recognized under

➢ Nigerian law);

➢ Persons with temporary or leased rights to use land; and

➢ Persons who do not have formal legal right to lands or other assets at the time of the census, but who

have claim to such legal rights by virtue of occupation or use of those assets.

➢ Businesses within the community

Those who do not have the legal title to land but reside in the affected area before the cut-off-date will be

compensated for properties such as houses and other investment on the land, but will not be

compensated for the land. The eligibility criteria for compensation are outlined n Table 5.3.

Table 5.3: Eligibility Criteria for Compensation

PAP Classification Eligible for Compensation No Compensation Assistance

Those with legal right to

land

Land or asset at replacement

cost, taking into account

market values for land

For land, assets, and

structure on the land

after the cut-off- date

Assistance

as needed

Those with temporary or

leased rights to land at cut-

off date

Land and assets at

replacement cost, taking into

account market values for

structures and materials

For land, assets, and

structure on the land

after the cut-off- date

Assistance

as needed

Those with no legally

recognised right to land

but arrived before cut-off

date.

Assets at replacement cost

except that compensation

may be “topped off” to allow

the PAP to acquire a new

residence in a place where

he/she can legally reside.

For land Assistance

as needed

Those who arrived after

Cut-off-date

None None None

Those with business

located within the

Community

Assets and lost income as a

result of lost business during

project duration

For business located in

community after the

cut-off - date and

outside the affected

area.

Assistance

as needed

This RAP will be aligned with the World Bank Operational Policy, which indicates best practices for

rehabilitation of livelihoods of people affected by the implementation of the project. The Bank’s policy

will be applicable because they are involved in the funding of the project and also because its policy must

fulfil the pro-poor objectives of the project, ensuring that the conditions of PAPs are preferably improved

and at least restored to pre-displacement levels as well as offers special considerations for vulnerable and

landless PAPs.


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CHAPTER SIX

VALUATION AND COMPENSATION OF AFFECTED STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES

6.0 Introduction

Issues of valuation of assets to be affected by the implementation of proposed project intervention works

are discussed in chapter six. The general principles adopted in the formulation of the compensation

valuation, the World Bank’s safeguard policies on entitlement, the entitlement matrix, and proof of

eligibility as well as valuation methodology are also examined in this chapter.

6.1 Valuation Methodology

Valuation of assets to be affected by the implementation of the project was conducted in conformity with

the general principles contained in the World Bank Safeguards Policy that lost income and properties will

be valued at their full replacement cost such that the PAPs should experience no loss. The asset valuation

was conducted based on the current market prices in the Agassa and Nigeria standard. The following

methods and principles guided the valuation of assets.

6.1.1 Replacement Cost Method

World Bank OP4.12 requires that current market value of asset within the project area be used to

determine the compensation rate for land, building and other assets. This entails carrying out market

survey of land per square meter and the market prices of the affected assets.

DaLA method was used to determine compensation for economic trees because of it robustness and

advantage over the traditional method of assessing the cost of an economic tree. DaLA method states that

market value of yield per tree for the current season (agricultural season) and cost of re-planting and

nursery should be used to determine the compensation rate for the economic tree while the Traditional

Method equates the capital of the existing structure/ tree to the cost of reinstating the structure/ tree on

the same type of plot at the current labour, material and other incident costs.

6.1.2 Land Resettlement

The World Bank OP 4.12 requires that displaced owners of land be provided with an area of land

equivalent to their displaced land. It states that land restoration should be in a location that has similar

value as the one displaced by the project. However, the owners of the lands who are indigenes of the area

willing to give out their portions of land which will be required by the project activities will be

compensated by monetary value based on the findings of the needs assessment.

6.1.3 Disturbance and Other Incidental Contingencies

Affected business premises, which will have to close shop or be relocated, will be given compensation for

loss of business time or assistance for transportation.

6.2 Affected Structures:

6.2.1 Immovable Structures/Property:

This consists of all structures/property that are not moveable (Immovable) such as Fence, Mud and Block

Building, Economic Trees and Flowers, etc. All assets valued for compensation within this project fall

under the category of immoveable assets.

6.2.2 Moveable Structures/Property:

This includes Kiosks, Metal and Wooden containers and Water Tanks. There was no property/structure

classified under moveable; this is as a result of the rural nature of the project area.


33

6.2.3 Permanent Structures/Asset

This consists of structures that will be displaced or removed permanently due to the project. Such assets

exist in these locations as some part of the area is densely populated.

The SPMU will arrange and make payment of estimated values to the beneficiaries according to the

provision of this RAP. This is to enable the PAPs to start arranging for alternative resettlement elsewhere.

6.2.4 Compensation and Other Resettlement Assistance

The description of the packages of compensation and other resettlement measures to assist this category

of eligible displaced persons to achieve the objectives of the plan have been evaluated and presented as

captured. All PAPs due for compensation have been duly identified.

6.3 Modes of Restitution

All project affected persons (PAP) have been carefully documented with their phone numbers. All the

PAPs can be reached by the Village/District Heads as the streets/houses are not in existence. The

notification for payment will include how payments will be made and the set date. The peculiar local

security situations will be taken into consideration by the SPMU in reaching out to the PAPs for

payments.

6.4 Compensation Payment and Procedures for Delivery of Compensation

The main objective of the RAP is to develop programmes that aim to improve the livelihoods of PAPs or

restore them to the pre-displacement levels. Where impact on land is intense such that sustainability of

livelihoods may be affected, preference will be given to land compensation rather than cash pay-outs. This

applies to the PAPs who are not physically displaced but who are affected by a land loss that affects their

properties.

6.5 General Principles to be adopted for Compensation

The general principles which should be followed for the payment of compensation for lost assets shall be:

a) Paid prior to acquisition or displacement;

b) At replacement cost;

c) The full cost of materials, and labour required for reconstructing a building of similar surface and

standing;

d) Compensate all the PAPs adequately for properties and income lost;

e) Check and ensure that resettlement was built in as an upfront project cost to avoid inadequate

compensation. That is to say, the affected person must be able to have their farming activities

restored in a different location using the compensation paid;

f) To include cost of moving, such as transport costs as well as any associated land titling or transfer

fees;

g) To make all payments in monetary forms as agreed with the PAPs;

h) To make payments by the Resettlement and Compensation Committee. This committee will

include members of the SPMU and selected community leaders from the affected location.

6.5.1 Procedure for Delivery of Compensation

The procedure for delivery of compensation to PAPs shall include but not limited to the following:

a) Full payment of compensation carried out before possession of acquired sites.

b) Implementation committee communicates the amount to be paid to the PAPs

c) Transfer to individual accounts is the preferred first mode of payment. SPMU shall make

arrangements with the nearest bank to effect payments without any challenge to the PAPs. The

accounts shall be domiciled in the bank, and a cheque issued to an individual PAP, to be cashed

after fifteen days if no dispute arises.


34

d) Necessary document of payments to the affected persons should be presented to local land/asset

valuation committee from the Local Government and/or other independent witnesses of the

affected person and leaders of the communities.

e) Proper receipts should be issued and copies given to the affected persons including the Finance

Department of SPMU

f) Comprehensive reports on payment made are submitted for review by SPMU Management.

6.6 Assistance to Vulnerable Groups

For the purposes of this RAP, vulnerable persons are defined as those who by virtue of gender, ethnicity,

age, physical or mental disability, economic disadvantage, or social status, may be more adversely affected

by resettlement than others, and who may be limited in their ability to claim or take advantage of

resettlement assistance and related project development benefits.

PAPS who are not Head of household and are susceptible to loss of shelter shall be assisted with cash

equivalent to three month rent to save them from homelessness.

A total of 36 persons were identified as vulnerable persons in this project.

6.7 Livelihood Restoration

Whether implemented by Community Associations, the NGO or a firm, all livelihoods activities

supported will be selected by communities themselves, guided by a list of potential activities, with

sensitization carried out and informed by exposure visits to other project sites.

The community liaison and support professional will provide technical services to the Community

Association and facilitate the overall process, backstopped by the NEWMAP Technical Officer. As

activities are selected, and groups and/or individuals develop appropriate plans, trainers with expertise in

specific livelihood activities will be retained for short periods to provide hands-on instruction for

participants.

Emphasis must be direct on people most in need of livelihood support of livelihood support, for example

those most affected by erosion and intervention works (the poor, landless, disabled, women and female-

headed households).

6.7.1 Restoration Strategies

1. Livelihood Identification and Preparation Support

The community liaison and support professional will work closely with the Community Associations

(CAs) that may wish to develop group activities. Community Associations will receive training - according

to identified needs — in small business development and developing a business plan, basic bookkeeping,

banking, accessing commercial finance, marketing, customer relations, leadership and team building,

customer relations, leadership and team building.

2. Livelihood Sub-grants for Income, Skills and Employment Opportunities

The SPMU will provide grants to Community Associations to implement community sub-projects

selected by the Community Associations and/or individuals. The community sub-projects will include:

(i) those which generate income, and/or

(ii) those which provide technical skills that could lead to employment opportunities or new start-ups.

Eligible activities may include:

• Geo-textile manufacture from coconut-palm leaves and husks, other crop residues and other

materials.

• Gabion box manufacture.


35

• Construction skill training on gabion box installation/erection and other masonry/concrete works

for the affected communities to work on the project.

• Horticulture on reclaimed lands.

• Seedling nurseries for fruit trees and other species, operated by women.

• Planting/protection of moringa (moringaolifera) or other locally appropriate trees for soil

stabilization, food products and other economic and environmental benefits.

• Vetiver grass nurseries for use in gully stabilization.

• Grass-cutter and other small livestock, mushroom, and snail production.

• Beekeeping and honey production.

• Establishing small retail-shops.

• Skill training in the service sector, such as auto and small machine mechanics, bicycle repair,

welding, tool sharpening, food production, solar and satellite installation and sale.

• Specialized marketing facilities such as private warehouses and transport equipment.

• Skills for employment in local industries could also be taught such as environmentally friendly

rock quarrying, or sawmill operation, security-related activities depending on needs in local

labour markets.

Technical support will be provided by the community liaison and support professionals, Community

Associations and individuals to identify and develop suitable, market driven livelihood options. Selection

criteria will favour those people most affected by gully erosion/intervention works, the poorest in the

community, and women.

6.8 Provision of Amenities for the Community

In support of the communities and as part of the social responsibility of SPMU, assistance could be given

to the poor communities as may be requested by the PAPs to make their relocation tolerable.

6.9 Environmental Protection and Management

Alongside this RAP, an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been prepared to

address adverse impacts during the work. Thus, this section of the RAP should be read and understood

as well as applied in light of the ESMP.


36

CHAPTER SEVEN

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATIONS

7.1 Introduction

The Public Consultation process for the project began during the early stage of reconnaissance level-

survey. This has further been enriched through interactions and consultation with the relevant

stakeholders in the course of the preparation of this RAP. Public consultation and participations are

essential because they afford PAPs and the general public the opportunity to contribute to both the design

and implementation of the project activities and reduce the likelihood for conflicts. The more direct

involvement of the local level people in the planning and management processes, the greater the

likelihood that resource use and protection problems will be solved, the likelihood of development

opportunities occurring in a balanced way and to the broad benefit of all communities in the project.

7.2 Objective of the Consultation

Providing adequate information to affected communities and stakeholders reduces the potential for

conflicts, minimizes the risk of project on communities and enables resettlement and compensation in a

comprehensive development programme.

In Specific terms, the sensitization campaign and public consultation sought to achieve the following:

• Inform stakeholders of the project activities and provide adequate information on the project, its

components and its activities with affected communities.

• Establish grievance and effective complaints mechanism on the project.

• Obtain vital information about the needs and priorities of affected settlements.

• Inform the PAPs and the communities about various options of resettlement and compensation.

• Obtain cooperation and support of the project affected persons

• Ensure accurate and transparent resettlement and rehabilitation process for Project affected Persons.

7.3 The Stakeholders

Stakeholders for the purpose of this project are defined as all those people and institutions that have an

interest in the successful planning and execution of the project. This includes those positively and

negatively affected by the project. The key stakeholders identified and consulted included the political

leaders in the relevant local government areas, community heads, other opinion leaders in the

communities, individuals affected by the project activities / those who own properties that are directly or

indirectly affected, special interest groups such as CBOs, etc.

7.3.1 Consultation Strategies

The process of resettlement and public participation includes both information exchange (dissemination

and consultation), and collaborative forms of decision making. Information dissemination and

consultation with stakeholders, especially the Project Affected Persons (PAPs) means transfer of

information from Project proponents to the affected population. It provides an opportunity for all the

communities in the areas to raise issues and concerns pertaining to the project, and allow the

identification of alternatives and recommendations.

Specific objectives of the public information campaign and public consultation include: fully shared

information about the on-going project, its components and its activities, with affected people, obtain

information about the needs of the affected people, and their reactions towards proposed activities,

ensure transparency in all activities related to land acquisition and compensation payments and ask local

residents especially the interested and Affected Parties about the problems anticipated with the project,

and how these can be overcome.

The consultation process ensured that all those identified as stakeholders were consulted. Two Focal

Group Discussions/meetings were held with the relevant MDAs in Okene LGA, Onoba of Agassa and


37

other concerned community members at an enlarged level on the 26th February, 2017, also at different

times and smaller units.

Furthermore, especially with the PAPs, one-to-one meeting was used during the household census survey

carried out in the Project area.

7.4 Discussion with Stakeholders and Summary of Outcome Conclusion

During the stakeholders meeting, the Consultant updated the community with the focus and objectives of

the Project and the role the RAP implementation will play along with other related information. Other

burning matters discussed were the issues/grievances that will result during the implementation of the

project and the support needed from all stakeholders to ensure effective project work and successful

implementation.

The meeting also gave the opportunity to update the persons that would be displaced resettlement

options that would be available to them. The process of the grievance redress mechanism was also

presented to them as a way out of any grievances that might emanate during the project.

The community residents understand that the intending Project Affected Persons (PAPs) have the rights

to be heard and their concerns captured in the project implementation. Subsequently, the meeting gave

the residents the opportunity to be aware of the compensation for properties that would fall within 5m of

the gully corridor.

All the residents that attended the meeting were happy with the news of the project work and declared

their interest and support for the NEWMAP Project. In concluding, the residents were commended for

their attendance and commitment to the overall objectives of the project.

Table 7.1: Queries/Observations and the responses given to the stakeholders.

S/No ISSUES RESPONSES

1 Resident Stakeholders welcomed the proposed project and were

very much delighted and hopeful with regards to the approach

undertaken by the KOGI-NEWMAP and World Bank to

address the current problems of watershed and erosion, which

are currently affecting their lives negatively.

The consultant acknowledged the

residents widespread support for the

proposed project and encouraged them

to sustain it throughout the project cycle

2 Members of the community had before now carried out some

palliative measures (use of concrete structures, sand bags and

drainages) to mitigate the impact of the gullies at different

sections though these additions have been totally eroded by

exacerbated impact of the gully. Are there plans in place to

enable the communities sustain the project area and beyond

completion of works?

One of the NEWMAP components is to

help communities build capacity to check

erosion and effectively manage their

watersheds on a sustainable basis

3 The present watershed and gully erosion are serious problems

spanning from Ahache through Inakakanna to AgassaUvette

area of the community. Road construction should be

incorporated if not captured.

Based on the engineering report

received, some selected roads will be

rehabilitated

4 The majority of stakeholders commented that awareness

creation was essential for the long- term success of the erosion

and watershed management program; and that manpower

The consultant noted the views and as a

result serious awareness campaign carried

out in Agassa by the Consultant and KG-


38

development should be Included in the program. SPMU.

5 The construction activities may result in loss of properties, lands

or damage to their economic trees and crops. In such cases, will

there be compensations for such damages?

Yes, there will be compensations for

property damages or loss of assets as a

result of project implementation. The

purpose of the RAP is to methodically

identify such properties and assets that

may be impacted and establish level of

compensations that may be made.

6 Community safety concerns regarding the next cycle of rainy

season were keenly expressed. The community is very

apprehensive of the advancement of the gully when the rains

come pounding.

The concerns were noted. It is important

that the community provide the necessary

support to help speed up conclusion of

all due diligent aspects of the project. It is

hoped that the project will proceed

expeditiously enough as to not cause

further damages to the community; this

could only be done when ESMP and

RAP reports are concluded.

7 Will there be employment or incentives for the youth? This issue shall be recommended in the

report. The contractor’s attention shall be

drawn to work with the youths to

encourage employment and

empowerment for the youths.

8 The Onoba of Agassa and Community Representative, Mallam

Saeed Idris took time to plead with the residents to exercise

patience and work continuously with the consultants as World

Bank projects involve stages and process implementation

The Consultant endorsed this view. A lot

of cooperation of the community was

enjoyed in the course the project.

7.5 RAP Public Disclosure

SPMU will in conjunction with Federal Ministry of Environment publish this RAP report in 2 national

newspapers in line with the regulatory requirements of Nigeria, and then at designated centres accessible

to stakeholders, following which it will show evidence of country disclosure to World Bank external sites.

Subsequently, the Executive Summary of the RAP report will be translated to local languages and copies

made available and distributed with a letter accompanied to local government authorities concerned. This

could be done by a) publishing it on SPMU’s website; b) depositing/posting it in a range of publicly

accessible places such as, Traditional Heads’ palaces and community squares where they could be

protected and not abused. In addition, SPMU will ensure that the affected public is adequately sensitized

through public meetings, notices, and handbills/information booklets.

Once this RAP is disclosed, the public has to be notified both through administrative structures and

informal structures about the availability of the RAP documents and also be requested to make their

suggestions and comments. The complete approved RAP report will be made available in easily

accessible locations in or near the affected areas.


39

Figure 7.1: Consultation with Men/Elders Focal group (Friday 26/01/2018)

Figure 7.3: Consultation with Women Focal Group Friday 26/01/2018

Figure 7.2: Consultation with the Onoba of Agassa on Friday 24/11/2017

Figure 7.4: Consultation with Youth Focal group at Agassa on Friday 26/01/2018

Figure 7.5: Cross Section of Stakeholders Meeting at Agassa on Friday 26/01/2018


40

Figure 7.6: Consultant and Stakeholders Figure 7.7: Consultant and Stakeholders

Forum Friday 26/01/2018 Forum Friday 26/01/2018

Figure 7.8: Consultant and Stakeholders Forum Friday 26/01/2018

Figure 7.9: A Cross Section of Participants during Consultation Meetings


41

Figure 7.10: Meeting of Consultant, NEWMAP Representatives and Agassa Community Erosion

Association

Figure 7.12: Site Inspection with the Engineering

Crew

of the NewMap

Figure 7.11: Site Inspection with the Engineering

Crew of the NEWMAP


42

CHAPTER EIGHT

RAP IMPLEMENTATION AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

AND CAPACITY BUILDING

8.0 Introduction

This section explains the various roles and responsibilities of the various institutions involved in the

implementation of the RAP. The proposal for capacity building of stakeholders are presented and

elaborated.

8.1 Organizational Arrangement

The implementation of the RAP shall require close collaboration among all the project stakeholders. A

properly constituted structure for the project implementation is imperative and agreement must be

reached from the outset with the relevant parties. The roles and responsibilities of all the various relevant

stakeholders in the implementation and administration of the RAP are presented in Table 8.1.

Table 8.1: Roles and Responsibilities for Implementation of the RAP

S/No. Category Roles and Responsibilities

1 Kogi State -

NEWMAP SPMU

• Develop and implement RAP and other safeguard instrument;

• Drives activities of procurement, capacity building, service-

provider mobilization, and monitoring;

• Coordinates the many participating MDAs at State and Local

Government levels;

• Prepare a detailed action plan and time table for the day to day

RAP implementation;

• Organize the necessary training and capacity building measures

for the unit itself and for other partner organizations and

committees;

• Establish all local level institutions and committees which will

participate in the implementation of the RAP and provide them

with the necessary training and capacity building measures;

• Ensure the systematic monitoring, review and evaluation of the

RAP in accordance with the framework and guidelines provided

in the RAP;

• Monitor and take corrective actions and submit reports to the

relevant higher bodies for timely action;

• Implement the RAP including their involvement to redress

complaints and internal monitoring;

• Organize the necessary orientation and training for SPMU

officials in consultation with communities;

• Implement payment of compensation and other measures

(relocation and rehabilitation entitlement) to PAPs in a timely

manner

• Ensure that progress reports are submitted to the World Bank

regularly through the KSG - NEWMAP SPMU

2 KSG-NEWMAP

SPC

Coordinates and undertake compensation activities in accordance with

the principles and procedures specified in the RAP;

The SPC approves the fund for compensation;

3 PROJECT

ACCOUNTANT

The project Accountant will be responsible for the actual transfer of

payments.


43

4 KSG-NEWMAP

SPMU SLO (Social

Livelihood Officer)

• Initiates the implementation of the RAP

• Reviews and approve contractors’ implementation plan for the

social and livelihoods impacts mitigation measures (or

mitigation and enhancement measures);

• Liaises with the Contractors and KSG -NEWMAP SPMU on

implementation of the RAP

• Coordinates on behalf of SPMU day to day activities with the

relevant line departments and oversee the implementation of

RAP instrument, prepare compliance reports with statutory

requirements, etc.,

• Monitors and supervise regularly the implementation of RAP;

• Observe payment of compensation to PAPs;

• Identifies and liaises with all relevant stakeholders for the RAP

implementation

• Responsible for the enforcement of all safeguard requirements

and ensuring the sustainability of all RAP provisions

• Implement the income restoration in accordance with the

principles and procedures specified in the RAP;

5 KSG-NEWMAP

M&E (Monitoring

and Evaluation

Officer)

• Develops the monitoring and evaluation protocol;

• Monitors target achievements;

• Identifies non-performance and take corrective actions;

• Oversees the overall monitoring of the project;

• Derives data from the SLO in addition to oversight checks.

• Include RAP implementation in the overall project M&E

6 KSG-NEWMAP

SMPU Technical

Committee Officers

• Review, update and approve work program and activities for the

implementation of the RAP;

• Review, update and approve operational guidelines of

contractors’ work plans for and other agencies for

implementation of the RAP;

• Develop and supervise inter-agency/organization collaborations

for the smooth implementation of the RAP;

• Provide technical support to all stakeholders necessary for

smooth implementation of the RAP

7 Kogi State MDAs • Supervise and enforce full payment of compensation benefits to

PAPs;

• Make appropriate recommendations or input into the

compensation payment process to ensure smooth

implementation

8 Local Government

Technical Committee

/Officer

• Coordinates activities at the local level for implementation of

the RAP;

• Ensures appraisal of properties affected by the project and for

which compensation is to be paid;

• Coordinates sensitization and awareness campaigns at the local

and community levels on the project and RAP;

• Appoints a suitable Desk Officer for RAP information

management

• Participates in grievance redress;


44

• Monitors implementation of the RAP at the local and

community levels;

• acts as liaison to KSG-NEWMAP SPMU, SMDAs and other

organizations and groups working towards implementation of

the Project and RAP;

• Provides technical support to all stakeholders for the

implementation of project and RAP;

• Facilitates interaction and cooperation between all stakeholders

to ensure smooth implementation of the project and RAP.

9 KSG-NEWMAP

Resettlement and

Compensation

Implementation

Committee (RIC)

• Responsible for supervision of compensation activities;

• Carry out meetings regularly with all PAPs;

• Provide all necessary information to PAPs regarding guidance

value and basis for calculations to be used for compensation

payments;

• Carry out appraisal of PAPs and PAAs and finalize entitlements

for each PAP;

• Prepare detailed implementation plan (quarterly) and pay

entitlements to PAPs;

• Ensure efficient implementation of the RAP;

• Ensure that all grievances related to the payments of

compensation to PAPs and other stakeholders are promptly

addressed in consultation with KSG-NEWMAP SPMU.

10 Community

Committees/

Interest Groups/

Traditional

Authorities

(NGOs/CBOs/

CSOs)

• Perform external monitoring functions to ensure compliance

with RAP provisions/ requirements;

• Support and assist in the mobilization of various relevant grass

root interest groups and stakeholders;

• Serve and support in the identification of genuine PAPs for

compensation payments;

• Assist in resolving grievance of PAPs;

• Provide support to PAPs during pre and post compensation

payments;

• Select livelihood opportunities to all PAPs and community

interest groups;

• Participate in the development approval and implementation of

livelihood restoration activities and programs;

• Mobilize and support all vulnerable groups particularly the aged

widows, orphans and the disabled to get their compensation

entitlements and livelihood support assistance:

8.2 Institutional Capacity Building Requirements and Costs


45

The result from various consultation meetings with stakeholders suggests that awareness creation and

capacity building should be provided through training and education programs. The cost estimates and

duration for the training program are outlined in table 8.2. Considering the respectively high level of

literacy, public awareness and education amongst the citizenry in the area, a simple training program is

suggested for the successful implementation of the RAP.

Table 8.2: Awareness and Capacity Building needs for relevant Stakeholders

S/N Duration Subject Target

Audience

Resources Budget

1 3 days Involuntary Resettlement

and Relevant Safeguard

Instruments/Covenants

World Bank OP 4.12

Involuntary Resettlement

Gaps between OP 4.12 &

Nigerian Land Use Act

and how to bridge them

Principles of RPF and

RAP

• Planning

requirements

• Implementation

requirements

• Grievance and

Conflict Management

and Resolution

• Documentation and

disclosure

requirements

• Eligibility and

entitlements matrix

Monitoring and

evaluation of RAP

activities and

operations.

SPMU Staff a. Full text of OP

4.12 for each

participant

b. PowerPoint

presentation

1,300,000.00

2 3 days Resettlement Action Plan

Implementation

Background

Resettlement packages

Consultations and

negotiations with project

affected persons (PAPs)

Grievance redress

mechanism

SPMU,

members of

Resettlement

and Grievance

Redress

Committee

a. PowerPoint

presentation

b. Associated

Hand-outs

1,300,000.00

3 1 day Social and Resettlement Contractors, b. PowerPoint 900,000.00


46

Considerations in Rural

Development project/

Project start up

Social and Resettlement

aspects arising during

construction and

operation stages

Social and Resettlement

Good Practices in public

works

Community relations in

urban project

management

SPMU, LG,

CBOs/CSOs

presentation

c. Associated

Hand-outs

4 3 days Public involvement and

Consultation in RAP

RAP Overview

RAP Implementation and

the public

Community participation

and consultation

Monitoring and

evaluation.

SPMU, LG,

Contractors, and

relevant

MDAs,

Community

Leaders/CBOs/

NGOs/PAP s

Hand-outs/Fliers 2,740,000

TOTAL N6,240,000.00

The estimated cost for capacity building for the various agencies and groups to be involved in the

implementation of the RAP is Six Million, Two hundred and Forty Thousand Naira (N6, 240,000.00)

only.

8.3 RAP Implementation Schedule

8.3.1 Resettlement Activities and Responsibilities

The range of activities and management tasks/responsibilities designed to effectively implement the RAP

are outlined in Table 8.3. The activities contained in the RAP have to be integrated into various phases of

the project construction. The key elements of the implementation schedule are contained in Table 8.3.

Construction activities will need to be planned, designed, executed (actual construction works) before

commissioning and decommissioning.

Table 8.3: Summary of Resettlement Activities and Responsibility for implementation of the RAP

S/N Project Cycle Phase Activity Responsibilities

1 Planning Scoping and

screening

Clearance and final disclosure

of the RAP

Review and approval of RAP

and implementation guidelines

Development and preparation

of livelihood support

assistance to PAPs and

vulnerable groups and other

Consultant supervision

by KSG –NEWMAP

SPMU,

CBOs/NGOs/SMDAs


47

social issues mitigation

WB No-Objection

2 Design Preparation of

RAP and

Consultations

Consultations and preparation

of the RAP

Communication and

awareness on notifications of

values, making of offers,

payment of compensation

modalities, meetings with

PAPs on eligibility criteria for

payment of compensation.

KSG-NEWMAP

SPMU, SMDAs,

CBOs/NGOs, LG

Committee

Completion and

Integration

Training and capacity building

Final version of the RAP

Inclusion of the RAP in

contract documents

Capacity building Training

WB No-Objection

Vetting of request for

compulsory land acquisition

and issuance of land titles to

resettled PAPs

Establishment of Resettlement

and Compensation

Committee, grievance and

dispute resolution Committee

Procedures for actual dispute

resolutions

3

Construction Implementation

and Monitoring

Taking possession of site

Coordination of RAP and

social and livelihood activities

Internal and external

monitoring of mitigation

measures for social and

livelihood impacts for the

communities, PAPs and

vulnerable groups

Preparation and approval of

monitoring and evaluation

reports

Non-conformance and

corrective actions

Adherence to contractual

clauses and obligations

regarding this RAP

implementation by

contractor(s).

KSG-NEWMAP

SPMU, SMDAs, LG

Committees,

CBOs/NGOs,

Contractors

4 Operation (Post

implementation)

Operations and

Maintenance

Monitoring, evaluation and

reporting on social and

KSG -NEWMAP

SPMU, SMDAs, LG


48

livelihood sustainability issues

Post impact auditing

Committee /Staff

CBOs/NGOs,

Contractor(s)

8.3.2 Estimated Cost of the RAP Implementation and Funding

The total cost implication for the implementation of the RAP is Forty Million, One Hundred and Thirty-

Nine Thousand, Four Hundred and Ninety Naira (N40,139,490.00:00) Only (Table 8.4). This sum is

expected to cover compensation for assets affected and additional mitigations for livelihood restoration

measures including the coordination of additional mitigation activities, grievance management as well as

compensation commissions.

Table 8.4: Budget Estimate for the RAP Implementation

S/No. Item Cost(N) Total

A1 Compensation:

370,000.00

28,170,900.00

28,540,900.00

Agricultural Crops

Land/Structures

Sub-total

B Additional Mitigation

624,000.00

100,000.00

724,000.00

Livelihood measures/assistance for

vulnerable group

Grievance Redress Management

Sub-total

C Implementation

Compensation commission 320,000.00

Capacity building/Institutional

strengthening

6,240,000.00

Disclosure 500,000.00

Management 200,000.00

Sub-total N7,260,000.00

E Add Contingencies (10%) N 3,615,490.00

Grand Total N40,139,490.00

Allow time for annual/seasonal crop owners to harvest their crops. Careful management of the site based

on 5m setback will reduce compensation amount.

The total cost of RAP is Forty Million, One Hundred and Thirty-Nine Thousand, Four Hundred and

Ninety Naira (N40, 139,490.00) only.

8.3.3 Sources of Fund

The source of fund for the compensation and mitigation measures including the overall implementation

of this RAP is Kogi State Project Management Unit (KG-SPMU) of NEWMAP.

8.3.4 Implementation Timetable

Before any project activity is implemented, PAPs will need to be compensated in accordance with this

RAP and the resettlement policy framework.

The schedule for the implementation of activities must be agreed to between the Resettlement

Committee and the PAPs and Social Livelihood Officers. These include the target dates for start and

completion of all compensation payment before commencement of construction work. The major

component tasks for the RAP are outlined in Table 8.5


49

Table 8.5: Major Component Tasks and Schedule for the RAP Implementation

ACTIVITIES 2017 2018 2019 REMARKS

NO

V

DE

C

JAN

FE

B

MA

R

AP

R

MA

Y

JUN

E

JUL

Y

AU

G

SE

P

OC

T

NO

V

DE

C

JAN

FE

B

MA

RC

H

AP

RIL

MA

Y

JUN

E

Consultation

/community

participation and

information to people

affected cut-off date

announcement census

and survey analysis

date and verification of

impacts

Nov 2017-

March 2018

RAP Approval

April - August

2018

Disclosure of RAP

Sept. – Oct.

2018

RAP implementation

including payment of

compensation and or

supplementary

assistance

Nov. 2018

Implementation/ civil

work, commencement

of project

Nov. - Feb 2019

Mark-up visit by

stakeholder/SPMU

March 2019

Economic Restoration

Assessment

April - June

2019

8.4. Coordination with Civil Works

The resettlement program will be co-coordinated with the timing of civil works. The required

coordination has contractual implications, and will be considered in procurement and bidding schedules,

award of contracts, and release of cleared RoW sections to project contractors. The timing mechanism of

this RAP ensures that no PAP is displaced (economically or physically) due to civil works activity before

compensation is paid and resettlement sites with adequate facilities are prepared and provided for the

PAPs.

The project will adhere to the following important principles in its implementation:

• No construction should be undertaken unless PAPs have received their resettlement entitlements

in accordance with this RAP.

• Information sharing and consultations with PAPs will continue throughout the planning and

implementation phase of the project, including the relocation and the restoration of livelihoods.

• A completion survey of the delivery of compensation and resettlement entitlements will be

undertaken as per this RAP and other relevant instrument prepared for the project.

• The schedule for the implementation of activities must be agreed to between the Resettlement

Committee and the PAPs such as;

- target dates for start and completion of civil works, and

- dates of possession of land that PAPs are using.


50

CHAPTER NINE

GRIEVIANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

9.0 Introduction

Grievance is a common phenomenon in involuntary resettlement, which if not amicable and timely

resolved, invariably gives rise to local resistance, political tension and unnecessary delays in executing

developmental projects. A grievance redress mechanism for the Project is aimed at addressing any

legitimate concern of PAPs who consider themselves deprived of appropriate treatment under the

project. The mechanism includes:

i. A recording and reporting system including grievances filled both verbally and in writing.

ii. Staff with responsibility at various level of government and

iii. A time frame to address the filled grievance

9.1 Grievance Redress Process

There is no one-size-fits-all procedure for grievance resolution; the best solutions to conflicts are generally

achieved through localized mechanisms that take account of the specific issues, cultural contexts, local

customs and project conditions and scale. The procedure to be adopted for grievance resolution for this

RAP is as spelt out in the grievance log (Appendix 13), which indicates as follows:

a. Receive and register a complaint.

b. Screen and assess the complaint.

c. Attempt alternative responses.

d. Decide on the best approach or response based on agreed criteria

e. Implement the approach

f. Announce the result

g. Track and evaluate the results

h. Learn from the experience and communicate back to all parties involved.

i. Prepare a timely report to Management on the nature and resolution of grievances.

9.2 Stages in the Grievance Redress Process

Stage 1: Community Grievance Committee;

This will be coordinated by a representative of the Focal NGO, other members will be drawn as follows:

- Two (2) representatives from Community Association,

- A representative from the Onoba (Ward Head),

- A representative from the LGA,

- A representative from the Department of Lands and Survey in the Local Government and

- The Social and Livelihood Officer of the SPMU as the Secretary

This is the first stage of grievance uptake. Aggrieved persons should lodge their complaints in the

Grievance Complain Box that will be situated at the residence of the Ward Head from where the Focal

NGO can access the complaints. This Committee is expected to contact the aggrieved person and resolve

the issues within two (2) weeks of receiving the complaint. The decision reached should be

communicated to the aggrieved person and the SPMU in writing within the stipulated time. In the event

that the aggrieved person is dissatisfied with the decision reached by this Committee, he/she should

proceed to the second grievance redress committee.

Stage 2: The Project Management Unit GRS

This Committee will be coordinated by the Project Coordinator, Kogi State SPMU, and members of the

Committee shall include:

- One representative from the department of flood and erosion control in the Ministry of

Environment and Natural Resources.


51

- One representative from the Ministry of Lands and Survey

- A representative from the Focal NGO

- The Project Accountant

- The Project Environmental Officer,

- The Project Operations Officer and,

- The SLO as the Secretary.

This Committee is expected to verify the complaint made by the PAP in consultation with the aggrieved

person. Solutions to the issues should be resolved within two (2) weeks of receiving the complaint. PAPs

are provided with Kogi State NEWMAP official line for enquiries and registering of complaints in

addition to documented complaint (+234 810 946 7464). Where the aggrieved person is dissatisfied with

the decision of this Committee, he/she should proceed to the third higher level Committee.

Stage 3: NEWMAP Steering and Technical Committee

This Committee will be coordinated by the Hon. Commissioner or the Permanent Secretary in the

Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources. Other members will be:

- Two (2) representatives of PAPs

- A representative of the Focal NGO

- The Social and Livelihood Specialist from the FPMU

- A representative of the Umbrella NGO or Ombudsman

- Social and Livelihood Officers from 2 neighbouring NEWMAP states and,

- The Project Coordinator of the SPMU as the Secretary

Complaints received by this Committee should be resolved within one (1) month of receiving the

complaint. Decisions reached at this stage are expected to put an end to the matter under contention.

However, if the aggrieved person is still dissatisfied, he/she should be referred to the judicial courts for

further redress.

9.3 Procedure for Registering a Complaint

The procedure for reporting grievances is specified below:

a) The affected person files his/her grievance, relating to any issue associated with the resettlement

process or compensation, in writing or phone to the project Resettlement Committee (Phone

numbers will be provided by the SPMU). Where it is written, the grievance note should be signed

and dated by the aggrieved person. And where it is phone, the receiver should document every

detail.

b) A selected member of the Site Committee will act as the Project Liaison Officer who will be the

direct liaison with PAPs in collaboration with an independent agency/NGO person in order to

ensure objectivity in the grievance process.

c) Where the affected person is unable to write, the local Project Liaison Officer will write the note

on behalf of the aggrieved person.

d) Any informal grievances will also be documented.

Due registration of a complaint or grievance by the grievance redress officer is good for reference

purposes and for making progress updates. Consequently, a registration format should capture the

complainant personal data, date the complainant is reported, date the grievance log was uploaded onto

the project database, date information on proposed correct action is sent to the complainant and the date

the case or complaint is closed out.


52

9.4 Grievance Log and Response Time

The process of grievance redress will start with registration of the grievances to be addressed, for

reference purposes and to enable progress updates of the cases. Thus, a Grievance Form will be filed with

the Grievance Redress Committee by the person affected by the project. The Form/Log (Table 9.1)

should contain a record of the person responsible for an individual complaint, and records dates for the

date the complaint was reported; date the Grievance Log was uploaded onto the project database; date

information on proposed corrective action sent to complainant (if appropriate), the date the complaint

was closed out and the date response was sent to complainant.

The Project Liaison officer working with the local Government Desk Officer in recording all grievances

will ensure that each complaint has an individual reference number, and is appropriately tracked and

recorded actions are completed.

The response time will depend on the issue to be addressed but it should be addressed with efficiency

and will not last more than ten working days. The Grievance committee will act on it within 10 working

days of receipt of grievances. If no amicable solution is reached, or the affected person does not receive a

response within 15 working days, the affected person can appeal to a designated office in the SPMU,

which should act on the grievance within 15 working days of its filing.

Table 9.1: A Typical Reporting Format for Grievance Redress

Community

project &

Name of

Complainant

Type of Grievance Grievance Resolution

Aff

ect

ed

bu

t n

ot

info

rmed

ab

ou

t

Co

mp

en

sati

on

awar

ded

Co

mp

en

sati

on

no

t p

aid

befo

re

Rese

ttle

men

t

ben

efi

ts a

war

ded

are n

ot

pro

vid

ed

Oth

er

Dat

e o

f

Co

mp

lain

t

Dat

e r

ece

ived

Pen

din

g

Cas

e r

efe

rred

to

the c

ou

rt

Community Project 1

Complainant A

Complainant B

Complainant C

Community Project 2

Complainant D

Complainant E

TOTAL

9.5 Monitoring Complaints

The Project Liaison Officer will be responsible for:

• providing the grievance Committee with a weekly report detailing the number and status of

complaints

• any outstanding issues to be addressed

• monthly reports, including analysis of the type of complaints, levels of complaints, actions to reduce

complaints and initiator of such action.


53

CHAPTER TEN

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

10.1 Introduction

To establish effectiveness of all the resettlement activities, this Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)

procedure for the RAP has been designed. With this, it is possible to readily identify problems and

successes as early as possible.

Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plan. It

provides the feedback necessary for the project management to keep the programmes on schedule. By

contrast, evaluation is essentially a summing up, the end of the project assessment of whether those

activities actually achieved their intended aims.

10.2 Purpose of Monitoring

The purpose of monitoring is to provide project management, and directly affect persons with timely,

concise, indicative information on whether compensation, resettlement and other impact mitigation

measures are on track to achieve sustainable restoration and improvement in the welfare of the affected

people, or that adjustments are needed.

In short, monitoring answers the question: Are project compensation, resettlement and other impact

mitigation measures on time and having the intended effects?

Monitoring verifies that:

• Actions and commitments for compensation, resettlement, land access, and development in the

RAP are implemented fully and on time

• Eligible project affected people receive their full compensation on time, prior to the start of the

main project activities on the corridors;

• RAP actions and compensation measures have helped the people who sought cash compensation

in restoring their lost incomes and in sustaining/improving pre-project living standards;

• Compensation and livelihood investments are achieving sustainable restoration and improvement

in the welfare of Project-Affected persons and communities

• Complaints and grievances are follow up with appropriate corrective action and, where necessary,

appropriate corrective actions are taken; if necessary, change in RAP procedure are made to

improve delivery of entitlements to project affected people.

• Vulnerable persons are tracked and assisted as necessary

10.3 Components and Elements of the Monitoring Plan

In order to fully deliver on the commitments and objectives of this RAP, the following components and

elements of the RAP are to be effectively monitored.

a. Actions and commitments towards the payment of compensation

b. Measures to mitigate adverse social impacts

c. Livelihood support assistance to PAPs

d. Implementation or contractual responsibility to project-based community

e. Regular consultation and communication with PAPs.

f. Gender and vulnerable person’s livelihood restoration activities

g. Active participation of youths in construction work/activities


54

10.4 Monitoring Framework (Internal and External)

Monitoring will consist of:

a. Internal monitoring by the SPMU as an integral part of its management activities working with the

impacted communities; and

b. External monitoring by CBOs/NGOs/traditional authorities and other stakeholders, working with

the impacted communities.

10.4.1 Internal Monitoring

Internal monitoring activities must be carried out simultaneously with the implementation of the RAP.

This will assure mainstreaming of social and livelihood issues with construction activities.

The objectives of the internal monitoring are:

i. Daily operations planning;

ii. ii. Management and implementation and

iii. Operational trouble shooting and feedback.

The periodicity of internal monitoring will be daily or weekly depending on the issues and level of

impacts or changes going on or taking place. All aspects of internal M&E shall be supervised by the

SPMU Management Team and should provide high level evaluation of internal performance and impact

monitoring and other reports. The management team will be supplemented by staff with appropriate

skills to carry out:

a. RAP project resettlement requirements as defined by this RAP;

b. Gathering and presentation of additional monitoring indicators to be used;

c. Reporting requirements and formats for daily, weekly and monthly updates.

d. Appraisal of RAPs and full payment of compensation

e. Livelihood support assistance to PAPs

f. Progress updates on the implementation of women and vulnerable persons’ action plan

g. Implementation of contractual responsibility to project-based communities and PAPs

h. Social and livelihood sustainability issues

Regular progress reports shall be prepared and submitted to SPMU Management by the Social

Livelihood Officer (SLO). The internal monitoring will look at inputs, processes and outcomes of

compensation/resettlement/other impact mitigation measures.

Process and output monitoring functions will ensure that there is regular

a. Assessment of program implementation strategies and methodologies

b. Review of lessons learnt and best practices and provide recommendations to strengthen the

design and implementation of RAP

c. Communication with the affected communities

d. Agreement on resettlement and compensation policy, procedures, and rates

e. Performance of livelihood program delivery and uptake

f. Implementation of grievance resolution once conflicts arise

10.4.2 External Monitoring/Evaluation

External monitoring and or evaluation of PAP activities will deliver the objectives of compliance and

effect monitoring that is: -

a. Ensure that project implementation is in conformity with RAP objectives and procedures

b. Ensure that impact of project implementation on baseline poverty levels and other livelihood

issues are monitored

c. Assure that resettlement objectives are met

d. Compensation payments and benefits are paid promptly


55

e. Social and livelihood parameters are compared with baseline conditions and,

f. Guarantees effectiveness of existing community structures- CBOs/NGOs/various project

implementation committees.

10.5 Monitoring Parameters/Indicators

Indicator that will be monitored broadly centre around delivery of compensation, resolution of

grievances, land access, increase or decrease in PAPs assets, social stability, health, level of satisfaction and

number of project affected persons that benefit from the livelihood restoration programs. Specifically

some monitoring indicators for this RAP are outlined in Table 10.1.

Table 10.1: Monitoring Indicators/Parameters

Indicators Variables

Consultation

And Reach out

Number of people reached or accessing information, information

requests, and issues raised, etc. Number of local CBOs participating in the

project implementation.

Compensation and

establishment of

Interest Groups

Physical progress of compensation and assistance, number of PAPs affected

(land, trees, and crops), number of PAPs compensated by type of loss,

amount compensated by type and owner, number of replacement assets

recovered, and compensation disbursement to the correct parties.

Socio-economic

Changes

Level of income and standard of living of the PAPs. Number of income

restored, improved or declined from the pre-displacement levels.

Training Number of SPMU and RAP committee members trained

Grievance redress

mechanism

No. of cases referred to GRC

No. of cases settled by CRC

No. of cases pending with CRC

Average time taken for settlement of cases

No. of CRC meetings /No. of PAPs moved to the court

No. of pending cases with the court

No. of cases settled by the court

Overall

Management

Effectiveness of compensation delivery system

Timely disbursement of compensation;

Census and asset verification/quantification procedures in place; Co-

ordination between local community structures, PAPs and SPMU

10.6 Reporting

RAP monitoring reports will be prepared for the following tasks: Internal monitoring, External

monitoring, Completion audit & Compensation. SPMU will use a device such as a bar chart/Gantt chart

or MS Project table to assess and present information on progress of time bound actions.

Performance monitoring reports for the SPMU RAP management team will be prepared at regular

intervals (monthly), beginning with the commencement of any activities related to resettlement, including

income restoration. These reports will summarize information that is collected and compiled in the

quarterly narrative status and compensation disbursement reports and highlight key issues that have

arisen. As a result of the monitoring of inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes of RAP activities, project

management will be advised of necessary improvements in the implementation of the RAP.

10.7 Completion Audit

SPMU shall commission an external party to undertake an evaluation of RAPs physical input to ensure

and assess whether the outcome of RAP complies with the involuntary resettlement policy of the World

Bank. The completion audit should bring to closure SPMU’s liability for resettlement.


56

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) for the construction of Alternate Bridge at (Km

7 + 350) along Enugu Abakaliki Road, Emene Enugu State (2012)

Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Asu-Umunaga Flood Site

(Manuscript) (2015)

Environmental and Social Management Framework for the Nigeria Erosion and Watershed

Management Project

International Finance Cooperation (IFC), Handbook for preparing a Resettlement Action Plan

Land Use Act (1978), Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Project Appraisal Document (2011) Growth and Employment in States Project.

Project Appraisal Document for Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project

Project Implementation Manual for Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project

Proposed Project Restructuring of Nigeria Growth and Employment in States Project (2013)

Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for Ethiopia-Kenya Power Systems Interconnection Project

(KETRACO 2012)

Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for Ganga River Front Development Project (BUIDCO). 2013

Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the Rehabilitation Amachalla Gully Erosion Site (2013).

Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the Asu-umunaga Flood Intervention Site (2015) (Draft).

Resettlement Policy Framework (2010), Growth and Employment for States Project

Resettlement Policy Framework for Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project

World Bank (2000), Resettlement and Rehabilitation Guidebook, Washington DC

World Bank (2001), Operational Policies: Involuntary Resettlement OP.4.12 and Annex.

World Bank Environmental and Social Frame Work 2017, Washington DC


57

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: MINUTES OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING ORGANIZED BY RAP

CONSULTANT FOR KOGI STATE NIGERIA EROSION AND WATERSHED

MANAGEMENT PROJECT

S/NO. AGENDA DESCRIPTION

1 Community Agassa

2 Date 26/01/2018

3 Venue Agassa LGEA community School compound

4 Time 11:50am

5 Language of

Communication

English interpreted to Ebira by Mall. Idris Saheed

6 Attendance The attendance list is as attached

7 Participants RAP Consultant and his team

RAP Field Officers and Supervisors

The Estate Surveyor & Valuer

Agassa Community Association Leaders and Members

Agassa NEWMAP Site Committee Members

Agassa Chiefs and Elders

Agassa Village/Clan Heads and Representatives

Agassa Women Leaders and Representatives

Agassa Youth Leader and Representative

Vulnerable Group

Landlords, Land Owners and Tenants Living along the corridor

8 Opening Prayer On arrival of the Consultant and his team, the people of Agassa were already

seated. The opening prayer was said by Elder Salami Ariko and the meeting

started.

9 Opening

Remarks

The RAP consultant, Dr. Femi Olaitan greeted and welcomed the people. He

introduced himself and the consulting team to the people.

10 Consultant’s

Speech

The RAP consultant, Dr. Femi Olaitan started by introducing his team and

thanks the participants for their patience. He emphasized that NEWMAP

project is aimed at making the environment a better place for everybody

through control of erosion site in all the communities. He also said that his civil

works may affect shops, economic trees, buildings and properties along the

corridor of the Erosion Gully. He also stated that government will assist in

reconstructing any affected properties. Hence, the Resettlement Action Plan

(RAP) will beg for the cooperation of the people to make the work a success.

The consultant also informed them that any other improvement on the affected

properties after evaluation will not be considered for compensation.

11 Consultant’s

Questions and

Responses from

Community Members

The following basic questions were asked by the consultant

Question 1: Please can you give us a brief history of the erosion site including

its cause?

Response:

▪ Yakubu Bello said that when he was growing up, the erosion was still

small but now it has increased leading to loss of lives. He said the erosion

was as a result of flood from the hill side which flows down to the

community thereby causing havoc and continuously widening down to the

river.

▪ Yusuf Momoh said heavy flood flows down from the top part of the

community, widening the gully and increasing its menace. He was a victim

of this menace as he lost his house to flood even after spending a lot to

procure trips of stone to stop the menace and no one came to his rescue.

Question 2: Are you aware of the proposed NEWMAP intervention?

Response: The community said Yes

Question 3: Are the people of the community happy with the project?

Response: Yes

Question 4: Are you willing to support the project to its completion?

Response: They responded Yes

Question 5: Do you believe you are the ones to benefit from this project?

Response: They answered Yes

Question 6: What would the community do to person(s) that would want to


58

stop this project?

Responses:

▪ Mr. Sunday E. Sanni said they will banish him from town.

▪ Mr. Yusuf Momoh said they will report such person to the community

leaders who will rebuke the person.

▪ Salami Ismaila said they will set up a vigilante group that will protect the

worker/team.

▪ Mr. Enemo Ajayi said they will mobilize themselves in prayers and commit

such persons to God.

Question 7: What kind of challenges including resistance from local people do

you think NEWMAP including their consultants and contractors might face

during the project implementation (construction and operation)?

Response:

▪ Mr. Yusuf Oseni said one of the challenges that the contractors might face

is if the civil work starts without proper compensation/resettlement of

people whose assets might be destroyed as the project is being done.

Question 8: Is there any dispute in the community that may stall the project?

Responses: They replied No

Question 9: What are the existing dispute settlement instruments in the

community?

Responses: Mrs. Salihu Kadijat said they have traditional leaders and chiefs

who they report matters to and they resolve it amicably.

Question 10: Are you concerned that this project may not be completed?

Responses:

▪ Mrs. Oseni Fati said they are entertaining fear because when such projects

start they are not always completed, she cited some project like rural

electricity and borehole project in the community.

▪ Mr. Yusuf Oseni said he believes in the project

12 Comments,

Questions and

Answers

Question 1: Mr. David Aroke asked for clarification on how the capturing for

PAP (Project Affected Person) will be carried out?

Response:

The Consultant responded by saying that it is only those whose assets are along

the project corridor which might be affected are those qualified to be captured

with the asset they are claiming for compensation. He said adequate

information and sensitization will be made before the enumeration starts so

that the rightful owners of the assets will be aware of what is going on, as there

is no room for representation.

13 FGD There was an in-depth Focal Group Discussion concurrently for the

Elders/Men, women, and youth, in order to ascertain their own opinion,

concerns, support and interest on the intervention. There was group

photograph after the FGD.

14 Vote of

Thanks/Closing

Remark

Mr. Saeed Idris, the Community Association chairman thanked the

Consultant, his team members, KSG-NEWMAP, Federal Government of

Nigeria and World Bank for their intervention because flood has always been a

perennial problem and its effect has been devastating on the community he

stated. He promised that they will support the project. He prayed for God’s

blessings on all partners involved in NEWMAP work and wished the

consultant and his team journey mercies.

15 Closing Prayer Closing Prayer was said by Mallam Momoh Isa

16 Field Officers Mr. Muhammed Jamiu Muhammed

Mr. Abbas Suleiman

Omeiza Onivehu

Mr. Matthew Yakubu Onuvava

Mr. Obenege Suleiman

Dr. (Mrs) Ngozi Johnson


59

Appendix 2: FOCAL GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD)

An in-depth Focal Group Discussion (FGD) was held after the consultation with the elders, men, women

and youths of Agassa Community to ascertain the specific concerns about the intervention project.

The result of the FGD meeting is summarised below:

SUMMARY OF FOCAL GROUP DISCUSSION

Category of People Questions from Consultant and

His Team

Responses from the Community

Members.

Elders/Men of Agassa

Community

Do we have existing shrine that

this project is likely to affect

Elder Salami Airkochunu answered yes

and he called Ahachi - aba at AgassaUvete.

He said that relocation may not be

applicable as there is no physical object to

be relocated aside water body, but noted

that appeasement of the god may be

inevitable after due consultation with the

custodian.

Do Elders accept the project. Another elder, Ismaila Umar, responded

in affirmation after they all echoed yes.

The consultant expressed his joy saying

that with this responses men and

equipment on site will be saved.

Is there any graveyard within the

erosion corridor.

There was confusion after some silence as

regards if any, but eventually the Erosion

committee Chairman, Mallam Saeed Idris

confirmed one from the family of

Abdulazeez.

Do you have any concern as

regards how well you think the

project should be executed

Abdulkarim Ajayi expressed fears on

whether the people from the area will be

engaged. He advised that the contractor

should engage the people from the area

and ensure that qualitative work is done.

What particular role will men

played in the project

Hon. Abdulkarim Ajayi said that, the men

will be very much on ground to monitor

and help the contractor in any way

possible. He advice that due to the ability

of the erosion to separate families and

communities, bridges and walkways should

be constructed

What tradition or cultural

prohibitions do you want us to

know about.

Elder Salami Arikochunu, mention that

some of the community prohibitions

includes going near their wives and

daughters without their consent. Women

worker are not allow to witness all the right

masquerade festivals and men stranger

should avoid participation in the Echane

festival in order not to be beaten up.


60

Who should be the recipient of

the claim in case of

compensations

Mallam Yakubu O. Zubair said that the

head of the house is entitled to the claim

on behalf of the household but in case of

death, his eldest child will be entitled to

the claim.

The consultant thanks the

elders for their patience and

understanding

Women of Agassa Are you aware that NEWMAP

intervention project is coming to

Agassa

They chorused Yes. Mama Awawu

Sumaila said they are patiently waiting

Do you all like the project Yakubu Bilikis said Yes

Do you think the project will

benefits you all

They all chorused Yes and Yakubu Bilikis

added that they are patiently waiting and

praying

What would be your

contributions

We are praying and prepared to support

the project in any possible way particularly

by cooking food for them to buy so as to

prevent them from going too far to get

food

Is there any dispute in the

community that is likely to

hinder the project execution

They all echoed no

Is the community willing to take

the ownership and ensure it

completion

They all said Yes

What will you recommend to

ensure smooth completion of

the project

Mama Awawu Sumaila said that they are

already working towards making the

project a successful one by stopping

people from dumping refuse on the

erosion site. She advised the contractor to

provide refuse dump site and incinerator

for proper refuse disposer.

The consultant, thank the

women for their understanding.

Youth of Agassa Are the youths aware of the

oncoming project in Agassa

They all said yes and Yakubu O. Zubair

said very well

Are you willing to support the

project.

Obaro Nasiru, said Yes

Are you ready to secure the

human and equipment

Muhammed Jamiu Muhammed said Yes

What particular role will the

youth played during the project

executive

We will make sure that the human and

equipment of the contractor are safe and

prepared to work with them, said Tijani

Abdulsalam


61

What in your own thinking can

cause trouble between you and

the contractor

Asuku Jamiu said, giving work that

members of the community can handle to

other people outside our community can

cause trouble. Another issue that can cause

problem is when the contractor refuses to

pay wages and salaries as and when due

There was observation from

Saka Itopa Dahiru, the site

committee Chairman observed

that, their youth should be

engaged in carrying out the

project.

The consultant Dr. Femi

Olaitan expresses his gratitude

to the entire community

members for their patience,

understanding and cooperation.


66

Appendix 2a


67


68

APPENDIX 2c

APPENDIX 2B RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) FOR AGASSA EROSION SITES

SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE


69

Appendix 3: Safeguard Instruments Prepared for the Proposed Works

S/No. Safeguard

Instrument

Focus Remarks

1.

Environmental

and Social

Management

Frameworks

(ESMF)

Used as a practical tool during program formulation, design,

implementation and monitoring.

Describes the steps involved in identifying and mitigating the

potential adverse environmental and social impacts of future

investment activities.

Provides guidance in cases where the screening results indicate

that a separate Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

(ESIA) or an Environmental Management Plan is required.

the ESMP

prepared with this

Triggered along

with RAP

2

Resettlement

Policy

Framework

(RPF)

Provides the direction to all actors involved in sub-projects

implementation, for the identification of resettlement implications

and measures to adopt to minimize or address resettlement issues

created by each sub-project.

Set out the policies, principles, institutional arrangements,

schedules and indicative budgets that will take care of any

anticipated resettlements. The arrangements ensure that there is a

systematic process (as against an hoc one) for the different stages

of the implementation of a framework that assures participation

of affected persons, involvement of relevant institutions and

stakeholders, adherence to both World Bank and Government

procedures and requirements, and outline compensation for

affected persons.

Provides the framework within which Resettlement Action Plans!

Resettlement Action Plans are developed when the project is

certain of the locations and specific impacts of the sub-projects.

Contains a screening /checklist for determining whether WB OP

4.12 is triggered or not it also provides procedures and guidelines

to be followed when the policy is triggered. That is. contains a

practical tool (e.g. screening checklist) to guide the preparation of

Resettlement Action Plans (RAP) for sub-projects during the

implementation of the comprehensive programme.

Triggered this

Standalone

Resettlement

Action

Plan in relation to

the proposed

works

3

Environmental

& Social

Screening &

Scoping

Screening—

• First step in the initial assessment of the possible

environmental impacts of the proposed project.

• The purpose of the environmental/social screening is to

identify if the road rehabilitation project requires an ESIA

through the elimination of irrelevant environmental issues

and focusing on potentially significant issues at the planning

and design stages.

Scoping

• Assist to identify the Issues that are likely of most importance

during the ESIA and eliminates those that are of little

concern;

• Appropriate time and space boundaries of the ESIA study;

• Information necessary for decision-making; and, Significant

effects and factors to be studied in detail

• Critical step in the preparation of an in determining the terms

of reference (TOR) of the ESIA/ESMP.

Defined the level

of impacts and

thus the

ESIA

4

Environmental

and Social

Impact

Assessment

(ESIA)/ESMP

Ensures sustainable development and/or to ensures compliance

with local, regional and international regulations relating to

environmental protection and conservation.

Provides framework for gathering and documenting information

and views on the environmental consequences of activities so

that the importance of the effects and the scope of enhancing,

modifying and mitigating them can be properly evaluated

ESMP is being

currently prepared

along with this

RAP


70

Appendix 4: Approach/Methodology of RAP Preparation

Approach/Methodology of RAP Preparation.

The strategy/methodology for the preparation of the RAP took into cognisance the Terms of Reference

and/Scope of Work defined in the Request for Proposals for this RAP. This RAP was prepared in

accordance with applicable World Bank safeguard policies and Nigerian Land Use Act.

The distinct phases for preparing the proposed RAP include: Literature review; Public Consultation, Data

Gathering, Inventory of affected assets, census of project affected persons, valuation of assets and

quantification of compensation. Also, the study assessed the capacity of SPMU and other implementing

institutions.

1. Literature Review

A review of the relevant literature was carried out with a view to gaining a further and deeper

understanding of the project and the social conditions that exist along the gully corridors and the

communities buffering the targeted area generally. This included reviewing the Project-specific.

Background documents such as:

• Environmental and Social Management Framework

• Resettlement Policy Framework

• NEWMAP Project Appraisal Document (PAD);

• NEWMAP Project Implementation Manual (PIM)

• World Bank safeguards policies

• Intervention design - Detailed engineering designs and high resolution digital imagery for the site,

complimented by the deployment of Differential Geographic Positioning System(GPS) on ground to

obtain spatial data. Other relevant documents were also reviewed such as recent World Bank projects in

and elsewhere (other countries) where there have been resettlements and affected populations as their

potentially is under the NEWMAP project, publications on land acquisition, compensation that bears

relevance to the RAP, United Nations (2006) Human Development Report, National Bureau of Statistics

(2009) Social Statistics in Nigeria, Nigeria Land use Act and other National laws, World Bank

Operational Policies, etc.

2. Stakeholders/Public Consultation

Stakeholders, for the purpose of this project, were defined as all those people and institutions that have

interests in the planning and execution of the project. This includes those positively and negatively

affected by the project.

The local community participated in the design of the subproject and the choices made along the way

through their assistance with the provision of historical background on the watershed, the gully erosion

formation, and storm water flow challenges as well as local efforts to manage the situations, etc.

Several discussions and meetings were held in the field and off the field with relevant stakeholders,

especially with project affected persons, individuals, community leaders, and the local government

officials to seek their opinion on the resettlement issues and the impact of the project. The essence was to

ensure a broad-based partnership for achieving harmonious working relationship for implementing and

monitoring the project with successful outcomes.

Different methods of communication to reach the stakeholders included face to face meeting, telephones

and e-mails in order to identify the left out PAPs, assess the situation and thus develop appropriate

compensation mechanism.


71

3 Data Gathering (Field Work)

The data gathering involve visits to various government offices at federal and state levels, private libraries,

internet searches, etc. to obtain relevant information.

A spatial analysis of the features along the gully corridor was carried out with physical assessment and

measurement supported with the aid of Geographical Information System (GIS), complimented by the

deployment of Differential Geographic Positioning System(GPS) on ground to obtain spatial data. The

corridor was directly obtained on ground with the Differential GPS with the gully shoulders/offset from

the edges with a setback of 5meters. These were then plotted directly to obtain the Corridor Map of

Agassa as indicated for the affected assets. This enabled identification and physical count of the features

that falls within each buffer ring categories as shown.

As a point of emphasis, for the purpose of planning, a 5-meter setback of offset from the gully edge was

used for the alignment as the areas of impact as made known by the Engineering Specialist. During

project implementation and when the final design is ready, it is expected that the population should be

kept informed as plans evolved and, when the final design is ready. The affected area should be marked

off with pickets or flags before actually engineering work at the site.

The field work also included socio-economic survey, census of potential project affected persons, etc.

Based on the engineering design for the proposed action, a detailed household census and inventory of

fixed assets was carried out within the polygon affected by the proposed project works, with a survey of

each household, farm business affected by the project, including temporary structures such as kiosks or

squatters’ shacks.

Furthermore, detailed information on the families, kin groups, business employees and others who

occupy or use the land for their livelihood were collected including basic demographic data on age, sex,

occupation, livelihood, income, educational level, and preference for resettlement.

The inventory of assets included the size and construction of dwellings, other buildings, wells and other

infrastructure such as fencing, permanent crops such as fruit trees. Each structure was geo-referenced and

located on a map.

As much as possible, public infrastructure were recorded and mapped together with information on the

catchment areas of people who frequent these institutions.

In addition to the census and inventory of assets, the responsible team will carry out socioeconomic

assessment of the affected community or communities. Among the topics that should be investigated are

economic and ethnic differences within the community, the livelihoods of the affected people, the social

ties that bind the community together (such as kinship, friendship, ethnic ties, debt-credit relationships),

conflicts within the community and with other communities, and other pertinent social characteristics that

characterize the affected community.

The analysis should focus on how the sub-project will impact on the community and also how these

features of local society can be mobilized to implement the program in the best possible way. It was

considered necessary to identify vulnerable people who may need additional support such as widows,

orphans, female-headed households, the elderly, persons with disabilities, etc. Regardless of the form of

compensation adopted, special consideration needs to be given to vulnerable people who lack an


72

alternative means of social support. This requires the presence of social specialists on the scene, before,

during and after the actual move to ensure that some people are not driven back into poverty and misery.

Final Copy of Resettlement Action Plan for Agassa Gully Erosion Site

Plate 1: Some enumeration exercise with members of the Community 4 Cut-off Date

The Census cut-off date refers to the date after which PAPs will NOT be considered eligible for

compensation, i.e. they are not included in the list of PAPs as defined before the socio-economic survey

of the PAPs ended.

At the conclusion of the census, the cut-off date was declared on December 10, 2017, after which no

newly arrived persons or families will be eligible for resettlement benefits. In addition, improvements to

housing etc. made after the date will not be eligible for compensation (repairs, such as fixing a leaky roof,

are permissible). The cut-off date was announced and made known through appropriate traditional

means of reaching-out during the community awareness campaigns at site level and through the local

government.

The cut-off date was intended to prevent speculation and rent-seeking in order to become eligible for

additional resettlement benefits. This is especially more so bearing in mind the time period between the

cut-off date and the time actual productive investments would start, and that only after PAPs have been

compensated according to the requirements of this RAP. Nevertheless, if the project is not initiated

before two years elapsed after declaration of a cut-off date, an updated census and evaluation of

properties/assets must be carried out.

5 Eligibility Matrix Construction

Based on the data collected, an eligibility matrix that matches different categories of displaced people or

land losses with specific entitlements designed to compensate people for losses caused by project works

was constructed.

6 Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA)

To assess damage and losses of economic assets identified, the Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA)

Methodology was adopted. DaLA is a flexible, comprehensive damage and loss assessment

methodological tool presently used by the World Bank for the estimation of overall impacts such as that

caused by disaster. The tool which captures the closest approximation of damage and losses is in line with

World Bank Op 4.12 provisions on involuntary resettlement.

The DaLA Methodology bases its assessments on the overall economy of the affected area. It uses the

national/location accounts and statistics as baseline data to assess damage and loss. It also factors on the

impact of disasters on individual livelihoods and incomes to fully define the needs for recovery and

reconstruction.

The tool analyses three main aspects:

• Damage (direct impact) refers to the impact on assets, stock, and property, valued at agreed

replacement (not reconstruction) unit prices. The assessment should consider the level of damage

(whether an asset can be rehabilitated/repaired, or has been completely destroyed).

• Losses (indirect impact) refer to flows that will be affected, such as reduced incomes, increased

expenditures, etc. over the time period until the assets are recovered. These will be quantified at present

value. The definition of the time period is critical. If the recovery takes longer than expected, losses might

increase significantly.

• Economic effects (sometimes called secondary impacts) include fiscal impacts, implications for GDP

growth, etc. This analysis can also be applied at sub-national level.


73

Appendix 4.1:

Analysis of Socio-economic background of PAPs shows:

PAPs Education Attainment

The level of educational attainment of PAPs indicate that 48.2% do not have formal education while 17.1

are graduates.

Table Showing Level of Education

Qualification Frequency Percentage

B.Sc./HND 7 17.5

NCE 3 7.5

ND 0 0

SSCE 6 15

FSLC 5 12.5

No Formal 19 47.5

Total 40 100

Income

The monthly income of PAPs shows that 68% earn less than N19,000.00, an indication of the level of

poverty of the PAPs.

Income (N) Frequency Percentage

0 – 19,000 27 67.5

20,000 – 39,000 3 7.5

40,000 – 59,000 4 10

60,000 – 89,000 5 12.5

90,000 and above 1 2.5

Total 40 100

020406080

100120

Educational Level


74

Gender

In terms of gender distribution, 85% of the PAPs are males while 15% are females

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Female 6 15

Male 34 85

Total 40 100

0 –19,000

20,000 –39,000

40,000 –59,000

60,000 –89,000

90,000and

above

Total

67.5

7.5 10 12.52.5

100

PERCENTAGE INCOME DISTRIBUTION

Gender

Female

Male


75

Occupation

PAPs are generally engaged in productive occupations and spread in diverse professions indicated below

Occupation Frequency Percentage

Trader 10 25

Retiree 4 10

Civil Servant 6 15

Schooling 2 5

Engineer 1 2.5

Farmer 14 35

Teacher 2 5

Tailoring 1 2.5

Total 40 100

0

20

40

60

80

100

OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION


86

APPENDIX 7

Corridor Mapping of Agassa Gully Erosion Site at Okene, Kogi State


87

Appendix 8: List of Experts who carried out the Survey

S/N Name Phone No. /Email Address Organizational Association Position

1. Malam Idris Saeed 08062636191 Agassa Agassa Erosion Committee Chairman

2. Mal. Mohammed Jamiu 08034332978 Agassa Agassa Erosion committee Secretary

3. Zainabu Isa Agassa Agassa Erosion Committee Member

4. JimohIsah 08033916325 Agassa Rep. Member

5. Mr Omeiza Onivehu 08036820436 Lokoja c/o RAP Consultant Estate

Surveyors

6. Okonkwo Vincent Amechi 08080986336 Lagos Rep. RAP Expert

7. Arc. Suleiman Obenege 09033762756 Lokoja Dept. Of Arch. Tech. Kogi State

Polytechnic, Lokoja

Safeguard

Expert

8. Dr. Johnson Ngozi Gloria 080361466608 Lokoja Dept of Surveying &

Geoinformatics. Kogi Poly.

Lokoja

GIS &

Mapping

Specialist

9. Dr. Femi Paul Olaitan 08036794316 Lokoja RAP consultant PAPs Data

Officer

10. Prof. H. I. Jimoh 0811443900 Lokoja Social Consultants Consultation

Expert

11. Abbas Suleiman 07030939226 Okene Research Assistant R/Assistant

12. Garbson Ola 08033323995 Lokoja Computer Analyst Computer

Expert


88

APPENDIX 10: Engineering Design of Gully Erosion Site

APPENDIX 11: Standard Rate for Economic Trees and Cash Crops in Nigeria.

(National Technical Development Forum (NTDF) on Land Administration Harmonized Rate for

Economic Trees and Cash Crops for Compensation assessment in the Six (6) Geo-political Zones and

the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria)

SCHEDULE A: ECONOMIC TREES

S/NO. ECONOMIC TREES MATURED

N K

IMMATURED 60%

N K

SEEDLING 60%

N K

1 Afara (Hardwood) 5,000.00 30,000.00 1,500.00

2 African Capaiba/Chiha/Softwood 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

3 Akinde 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

4 Alara (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

5 Apple 7,000.00 4,200.00 2,100.00

6 Arere Hardwood 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

7 Ashishan/Agereshi (Hardwood) 300.00 180.00 90.00

8 Bagarwa 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

9 Banana/Ayaba 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

10 Baobab/kuka/lgiOse 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

11 Breadfruit/Dinya 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

12 Bush Mango/Ogbonno/Igiapon/

Oro/Ive

3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

13 Cactus 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

14 Cashew/Yazawa 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

15 Cassia 400.00 240.00 120.00

16 Castor Oil Tree 500.00 300.00 150.00

17 Citus/Lemo


89

18 Cocoa 3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

19 Coconut/Kwakwa (cultivated) 4,000.00 2,400.00 1200.00

20 Coconut/Kwakwa (Wild) 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

21 Coffee 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

22 Date PaIm/Dabino/Iko 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

23 Euoalyptus/Rastata 2,500.00 1,500.00 750.00

24 Fig tree/Baure 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

25 Giginya 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

26 Gmelina 4,000.00 2,400.00 1,200.00

27 Goriba 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

28 Grape 8,000.00 4,800.00 2,400.00

29 Guava/(Plantation) 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

30 Guava (W lid) 1,500.00 900.00 45.00

31 Hardwood (Others) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

32 Idi/Isi-Oda 150.00 90.00 45.00

33 Igi Abale (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

34 Igi Abas (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

35 Igi Abo 300.00 180.00 90.00

36 Igi Akuku 300.00 180.00 90.00

37 Igi Apaba/Ringworm 100.00 60.00 30.00

38 Igi Egbesi 300.00 180.00 90.00

39 Igi Gagamoyin 300.00 180.00 90.00

40 Igi Iyeye 600.00 360.00 180.00

41 Igi Lapalapa 150.00 90.00 15.00

42 Igi Ode (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

43 Igi Ogbigbo 300.00 180.00 90.00

44 Indian Bambool/Oparun 200.00 120.00 60.00

45 Indigo Tree/EIu 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

46 Ira 350.00 210.00 105.00

47 Iroko/kadaura (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

48 Iron Tree/Hihi/Gbabaiye 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

49 Isin 500.00 300.00 150.00

50 lya/Other Softwoods 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

51 Jogelle/Jegelegede 2,500.00 1,500.00 750.00

52 Kirya (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

53 Kolanu/Obi/Gore 3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

54 Konkwagh 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

55 Lalle/Henna 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

56 Locust Bean

Tree/Doruwa/IgiIru/Dawadawa

3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

57 Mahogany/Madachi 8,000.00 4,800.00 2,400.00

58 Mango (Plantation) 4,000.00 2,400.00 1,200.00

59 Mango (Wild) 3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

60 Neem/Dognayaro 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

61 Obeche (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

62 Ogbonno/Oro 3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

63 Oha 500.00 300.00 150.00

64 Okro Tender /Chimbing Okro

/Ager Okoho

500.00 300.00 150.00

65 Okuku 100.00 60.00 30.00

66 Opiye (similar to Locust Beans) 3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

67 Orange (Plantation) 4,000.00 2,400.00 1,200.00

68 Orange (Wild) 3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

69 Oriri 600.00 360.00 180.00


90

70 Palm Tree/Kwara (Plantation) 3,000.00 1,800.00 900.00

71 Palm Tree/Kwara (Wild) 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

72 Pawpaw/Gwanda (Agric) 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

73 Pawpaw (Loca) 1,500.00 900.00 450.00

74 Pear (Avocardo) 4,000.00 2,400.00 1,200.00

75 Pear (Local) 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

76 Plantain 1,500.00 900.00 450.00

77 Raffia Palm 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

78 Rubber 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

79 Shajini (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

80 Shear Butter Tree 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

81 Shear Nut Tree/Kadanya

82 Shediya/Odan 200.00 120.00 60.00

83 Silk Cotton/Rimi (Soft wood) 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

84 Sisal 2,000.00 1,200.00 600.00

85 Star Apple/Ag balumo/Udara 1,500.00 900.00 450.00

86 Teak (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

87 Tsamiya 2,000.60 1,200.00 600.00

88 Umbrella Treei Tamina Katapa 1,000.00 600.00 300.00

89 Yiase (Hardwood) 5,000.00 3,000.00 1,500.00

90 Zogalle 2.50000 1,500.00 750.00

Appendix 12: Cultivated Crops

1 Acha 170,000.00 102,000.00 51,000.00

2 Bambara Nuts /Beans 180,000.00 108,000.00 54,000.00

3 Beans 150,000.00 90,000.00 45,000.00

4 Beniseed 150,000.00 90,000.00 45,000.00

5 Bitter Leaf 200.00/stand 120.00/stand 60.00/stand

6 Carrot 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

7 Cassava 150,000.00 90,000.00 45,000.00

8 Cocoyam 100,000.00 60,000.00 30,000.00

9 Cotton/Owu 120,000.00 72,000.00 36,000.00

10 Cowpeas 150,000.00 90.000.00 45,000.00

11 Garden Egg/lkon/Yalo 30,000.00 18,000.00 9,000.00

12 Ginger 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

13 Groundnut/Epa. 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

14 Ground Pears

15 Guinea Corn/Oka Baba/Tamba 80,000 .00 45,000.00 24,000.00

16 Jute/Rama/Kenaf 32,000.00 19,200.00 9,600.00

17 Maize 100,000.00 60,000.00 30,000 .00


91

18 Melon 100,000.00 60,000.00 30,000.00

19 Millet/Jero 100,000.00 60,000.00 30,000.00

20 Okro/Ila 35,000.00 21,000.00 10,500.00

21 Onion 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

22 Pepper 120,000.00 72,000.00 36,000.00

23 Pineapple 80,000.00 48,000.00 24,000.00

24 Potato (Irish) 100,000.00 60,000.00 30,000.00

25 Potato (Sweet) 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

26 Pumpkin 20,000.00 12,000.00 6,000.00

27 Pumpkin Leaf/Ugu 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

28 Rice (Fadama, Upland) 150,000.00 90,000.00 45,000.00

29 Sorghum 80,000.00 48,000.00 24,000.00

30 Soya beans 200,000,00 120,000.00 60,000.00

31 Spinach/Alefo 25,000.00 15,000.00 7,500.00

32 Sugar Cane 240,000.00 144,000.00 72,000.00

33 Tiger Nut/Aaya 35,000.00 21,000.00 10,500.00

34 Tobacco 20,000.00 12,000.00 6,000.00

35 Tomato 70,000.00 42,000.00 21,000.00

36 Vegetables (Cabbage, Lettuce, etc.,) 25,000.00 15,000.00 7,500.00

37 Water Melon 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

38 Water Yam/Ewura 100,000.00 60,000.00 30,000.00

39 Wheat 250,000.00 150,000.00 75,000.00

40 Yam/Isu 350,000.00 210,000.00 105,000.00

41 Ziziga 50,000.00 30,000.00 15,000.00

42 Moringa Alicafera 1000.00 500.00 250.00

X


94

APPENDIX 13:

LETTER OF APPEAL BY MALL. YAHAYA SULEIMAN (K GNM/AGASSA/17/004)


95

Appendix 14: Stages in the Grievance Redress Process for the RAP

Is complainant satisfied with committee

Closure of grievance by committee

Yes

Treatment of grievance

Closure of grievance by Committee

No

Autonomous traditional/local Authority

Traditional leaders (comprising leaders of the four units)

SPMU specialist and LG Desk Officer

The Local Government Grievance Redress Desk Officer

Okene Local Government Chairman

KSG-NEWMAP SPMU (Social Safeguards officer)

KSG-NEWMAP SPMU Project Coordinator

Kogi State Honourable Commissioner for Environment

The Courts (Judicial System)

Is complainant satisfied with

committee

Closure of grievance

Yes

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