POOR AN~S JAMES BOND Vol. 1 139 FIREWORKS & EXPLOSIVES fIREWORKS &. EXPLOSIVES LIKE GRANDDAD USED TO MAKE CONTENTS TH E. SCIENTI F~e AM E R1CAN CYC.L OPEDIA 1103. , I ••• ~•• , I ' , , 14-2 DICK~S :.NCYCLOPI!I).IA Of FORMULAS l PROCESSES 1B72 ..... _. (INDEX 167) 15"8 THE TE.eMNO-CHEMICAL RECElPt BOOI!( 189&( INDEX 1B 7) 16'8 H E N LEY'S TWENTIEtH CENTU R : Y FOAMU LAS 1907 . I ••••••• , ,18-8 PDF by l\Ir \Vhite 21 March 2002 enjoy and share
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8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
cars or elevators. Since firecrackers wereillegal there was no instruction or parentalgUI~ance ..Also, since the normal, open, useof ~lre-eraeker s was out of the. question,their abnormal and destructive use wasth e rule of the day. .
TodaYt the average fire marshal is
dedicated 'to removing .all fireworks from
our society. I agree with most .o f their
arguments. Fireworks are unsafe when
used only by those who have no respect forthe law.But since the main harm is caused by
the irresponsible and dimwitted in oursociety, then those elements must be
suppressed, not the .rational ones. I'm justselfish enough to want the moron or thepsychotic to be confined i f his freedom.akesaway mine" If he is pot to be trustedwi th f i reY"Qrks., gun s, etc ., then le t him beput. in a n ice place where attendants orguards can control the traffic in potentiallyda ngerous things"Do we live in a nation-wide mental
institu tionI where the police officer is
supposed to function as a nuthouseat tendan t, seeing th a t none of us haveanything sharp, lest a real sickie burtsomeone? To Hell with thatlAlcoholics. improvident and violent
drun k s, sp urred the adoption of Pro-hib ition .. This took away the freedom ofthe res ponsible .social drinker and built acriminal class which is still a . fixture
decades after Prohibition has ended.So enough of edltorialieing. When the
Law comes- to its .senses, or Is madeineffective by just too many boobs, youw i l I be free to play with potentia I l y
dangerous material s to Y9Ur heart'scontentEven il you are responsible and
FTREWORKS & : EXPLOS
itelligen t,know ledge of the mate rial
processes is necessary to avoid injSuch knowledge is now prettyli m ited to professionals w n o usetechnical methods and machinery thalayman is effectively barred fromfield.However, Granddad made just as
stuff with simpl e hand tools and suehs ince you have this book, you shoul
pretty safe..
You must r-ealize that Granddad le
from the ground up and had a thor
understanding of his materials. You
to lo?k up each chemical and studspeeifie hazards .. flashpoint, ete., b
I~ iii •
pu verizmg It or mixing it withchemicals ..
Always wear goggles when wowith any quan tity of PQ tentially explmaterial. Even a small acc ide-n t eanY'QUL If you are not blinded, particlmatter in the eyeballs .c an eaus e agonmonths. Simple goggles prevent this.Leather gloves are useful, als
prevent flash burns" which can be se
The hand protectors: described on pagare required when working with matlike potassium ehlorate or other explEUbstances,When following these formulas
suggested you make your own c hemas shown in GRANDDADtS WONDFU .L B OOK OF CHEMISTRY j $2.2A tlan Formularies.
Mode rn chemieals have a greater pand so would probably be a lo tpowerfu 1 than those described inbook. This c ould c ause your fireworbe far more powerful than you wanexpect them to be, thus leading to a lacontrol, which is a danger in itseU ..
KURT SAXON M·AY
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
2 .. Meal pO~def.. Ill. parts; IIIter t·8 par'tII; so1...ur, ~ partst cb.arcQa~rJ , pa.rte.a, Meat powder, 16parts; very Hoe g'_ dust.pa"fts.. '.',~ M~ powder, 8~rt8; very flnely powdered
3parl& Tbese n r e a uan be arrangedry 'eJJeoti vely as limn. BlI~ etc, For in..pl'Qvide s. oirCu1a.r dIsk. of ha-nl' wood,
tn~in diameter and 1 tn, thick.. Nan to 'this8PQkM of wood at equal dietanoe8 'f~ni oneotber. and 16in. long. Nail al&o to the bQcktbe ~Dtr~ ~fsk a 8trip'~ wood about.2 feet
z incbeB wide., ana " inch thick. Byeans of ~ you canscrew tfie whole piece COD-
ntentlY to your firing P , ' ( o st ., ' On each of t h e , ' 5ae a cue of brflllant ft~. HUp,P.t')rted 'at
end, and. ,counect 'rtbe:mouths of tbese withma'tch~
.R&d C l d r i . e 6 e .FI,re.-l. Meal. powdcr\_l.6 plb.':ts;~t) parts; . aulphur, ",'p~ enarooaJ "iron borings,. 14-part&
s, M , eal _, l lOWderl
8 pa,lriB: 8 \ 1 , ' tphur I B partai8 " part8~ ron bormgs, rparte..
arlB. .' •.Meal p:owd~rt 16 pa.rts~ niter~ .8 paria; 8ul ...ur ..," Pftrts; Qhilr0Q8l, a puts; Iron borings.paria.
On. Pr~So~ Color t t i nrar (BmQcilU"8t4 . iff .PiIro~.-By Se!l"AliU8 Kern
PetersburgJ. - In prepariOM'. coloredres ,or firework. b,ymeans of t . n e usua;Iieo inmany man UtUS of pyrotech ny.
it·is a:fteE1 ve ryneoeasary to kuo-w tbe quickness p.f burning of colored ftreBt. as tn '60meases, as dec,orations and laneea, ~hey IIIusb~rn~OWi~.; In other o o s e s . . as wheels. SJ,al"S ro
ro:ck~·an(t Uoman candles:.. they mQst burnquicker. Wor.ktng for $ome mOnths -with'rQ;un
com posl tio ns of such ki.nd ~ I pre pared th reta bles 0f colored .ftres (red, green aud violet)Where every ..form ula with a' higbcl' number b:~rns Quickoc than 8. tire wit~ a' l~weDumber" For lnsta'UOtl" No~ 5 buras qUIckethan N04 tland slower tban No. i. Tbese tablewill. I thin.kt be tl{ much assistance. in tb~ prep.a.ra~iott of 11ro:wtn"ks~Gretn Colored :Fi.TM •.
a table fif the composUion of tbe mlxtu.l'88oomm o n it em_pJoyoo for colored ~r e s In tab-leau x, etc. These ftre~ bow ever, abl?U J4 neverbe usedwitnm doo~. 88 the ~U8 produotIJ.of some of them . are extremely JM)i8ono\UJ. . TIlelime U,gh·t lanterns and lenees' Qf' suitably 001-'orad glaBS bave now been gencl'fillY substltutrd(or these fires; and glve mucb better resUlts.---~--:-----:-----""- - ---- - - ~ .
1 2 j' 3 I 4 : I . ~Gree~ Red_YeUQWjB1Ue
iWhite
Cb I0 (".ft teo ofpotB6b •.•...
'Sulpb.ur .Charcoal.. •..Nitrate of 00-. ryta HH • •• • 52·3Nit r tt te 0 fst ron tiia... ••
Nttrate 'of so-da. .. _ ....• ~
Am m o n.tu msulpha. te 0 foopper- .... A ~ _
Sal tpeteru -••
?
Blae k s u l-ph ide ('.>~ au-tdmony. .. e ••
~:ioury gun-pow.der ..~,.. U
It is hard] y nece889ty to mention tbf.l.t .H'reatCB.r-8 i8 eequ fred in mi'xiQg' tbese rnaterials, andthat eacb. ·sl.louId be pulverfzed separately.
J-lm ur L'~Uht8"Cv{vred+-'l~he~-fires serve 'toUh,lminate'_-fience lnt~l'Dsitr of' ligbt with as~ttleemoke .a s poB8i ble is fUmed ~~. Inhe pre-aration -o f such mixtures tbe iP-.lredients.'l-vhich .should' be perf.ectl)'" dry, must be re-
duced separately, by grinding in mortaror otherwise to very ft.ne powdle rB 'I I and thenthoroughly.but carefully mixed together o.nsbeets.of paper !iitb the hands or _by means ofcardPoa.~ or horn SPB.tulaa . . Tbe·~~tu~ arebest packed in .capsules or tutw:sabOnt lID" inuiametel'" and from 6 to12in..long, made of s~Uf'~rittng paper. .9l"(l~er regularity in burnIng~:iae:cUl"'edhy mll18ten1ng t.tlp. mh;:t.urea with alittle· wbisky and packing them 'firmly downin tbe cases by means of 8: woooen cylinderthen dry tng. To filCUnate ign lnon a small
5'7
14~
qW\nttty of a. powder composed of mealedder, J 6 parts; niter ..2 parts; au IpbU1' 'I 1 part~harooa.], I~l)art, loosely. twisted in thin pIS inserted rn the top. The tubes are' beStto sticks. fastened in the grOuud.White Ligbts--So.lt{Mlte.r •.••.•••. " II + • •• 4 ozSulphur·~ . . .. ~ - 1 ozBlack su1phlde of antimony m ~ " 1 U
Yellow' J.origbts..-1. ChJorate of PQtash."" ;;"..... ~1.... t oz• au) pbidlt of an timon,-, ••"•ii •• I•..:2 0.
Sulphur ,., tl'~ ...... ~ •• I""'.fJ ..... a ozOxalate of soda.- . .. ... ..... H•• ~ 1 o z
0%OZozoz
a. -Sa.ltpet:er - .H Il•• " •+ ']40Sulphur .•..... " ": 01 t. • >I I 4 6Oxalate of soda .. tit ~••• 1 " • • q 80Lampblack ,. t 1Ureen Ligh e s . ~LC.tdorata 01 b~yta + ' •••••• _ 2 :NitrAte.ot ba.ryta"., ..~..~.. ~~u ... aSuI ph u r . . ... . + • •• • • • ~ + + •• a . 1
'Lampblack.... '".+ t. tlll •• · . ... , - I o t ! . , . . 1 e z ,
Blue F'ire~-
Niter ....." + • ~ • : . . •• ~ • Ii a + Ii ••• a ~ o I i " . s .Sulpbur. 11 - I I I . . .. . . II I • il • II. ill 1'1 III... :!SuI pbate of copper r • , " III'.. I I • • • • to • 11 0 4
G T O O n Pire.-
·oz. .oz.O~.,
Niter It. ..~.III! • o il • I ~ a ••••••• 1 4 -Sulphur ,~ '" ~.• I .1 6Nitrate of Qa,ryta U " ., •••• ' 4 , 8
Benpl Firet-B ul pb Uri ..I '" .. I•• • Ii ., ... I •.+ .... + r • ...." O~MMloo powder U~+ ~ ~ r' It. •••• " ez,A.ntimony ........I ~.. + Ii 1 1 0 • , . . • • I ~ " +.:2 0,;.lJIlmpblaek. ~. a a •• a •• Ii • . . . . 1 & ~ .
From. tbi) Weste"~DntwflIt:Red Fire..--Stron tlum n ' t ra te I '" ... I .. I ." •IH uB :~rt& ...PotMsium chlorate I •• +. t t , ... 10 ~ 1 part,~benac,,"in coarse' pOwde r . . . ~ . - 1 s-rt.
Green Fi:re.~Barium. ni trate~.h • IU•••• -. ....8 -parta..Pota.aBfum chlorate ~ t "'!O 1 part.Shellac .+ !I ~ "' , ,'~ •• , 1~
Violet Fire....-Calcium carbonate .., ill II. •• -I,•• ,. S ))at1:&.Malacbite. I t.~Ii.I Iii S Par~Sulphur '" , I I . . . . . , .
Ii
: 2 . ) ) 8 . : r t a : .Po ta .e si um chlorate. II£ Ii •• - ... ,., 11 0 o il ~ 8 parts..
Purple Fire.-Ooppet: sulphide~ + ., ... , ..... u 1 part.Stron tJom nJtrate H"•...... •~l' part&.Calomel .....,;,•• ~.~•.••• '.II t ~".,~...1' p a . : r t . A . .Potasst. um ohlorate •..• ~I ~I ..15 paris"Sbellae I•I!II".."....Ii •• ~...II. till" t o ' " • • • • . . .. . . ~
iX ..
On aocouut of the calOm.eJ . , tlL'Ia ml18t not beindoors.
YellowF'i:re.-
Sodium . nitrate .~ to 11 0 It I Ii a pai1;is,.Potaasi um Chlorate· .•+. ~Ii II... 1 ParLShellBtC:.• t ... I '" , ;jI ~ • II.. ill ••• t•• I • • • • ... 1 Jl'&I't.
Coke.' ~raln& 'I •• ~ •• -- ~ ------1-Poroe ain & T a t nSI' - - - - ~ - . . . . .-- ...--.- -~
TheM l . £ , 'UTe f!fr" Gf·.i1den. Bat," " Composed of.-Niter I •." O J . . + II r • • ... • .. .. + + 'I" ~I •16 oz. .Solph u r . ~ ~ ..I • , • I .... • .. I '"• .. •+11 oz ,Metil~ ~wder. . . .. • +~ .... r " oz.uwpbl8.ok ..1Ii.1I ...... , - , ~ ••• 3 or.~:l!o w'@M o f line... I., ••~•• t oz~
Gum. arabio t II .. " t .., •..
1 oz.All t.he ma~rials used In flrework'l muat b
m tbeatll-te of fine powders BDd perfecU.y dry
~.-Tba Component parts of gu~der Bre saltpe t e . r f Bu1pbur, 8.nd charcoalUsed 'In t~e- following proportions:1. EqUlh war P9w:der ..--Sa1tpeter. Vbpa.rt
lIulpbu't~ 10 part&i charcoal., 25parts.~Prench war powder.-S~ltpeter.. 75 parts
IUlpbur •.12;61l~rt&~charcoal 12·.5 pa~ ... 3. French sPorting powder.~8altpe~r. '19artB: 8uJpbu1"~ god 'parte: charcoal. 131 ; ~
4 :. Fre.neh bl9.S.tlng pow~er. ~ Saltpeter,
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
POOR M ?\.J .'\ j"S .T l\ .'M ES B.OND Vi;:_.,.. 1
Parts:. sulp bur, 2 1 t par~i Cb.8.reoal, 18 f '· arts.'fbere area Dumber-or variations 0 theabove
te'Ceipts, hUt. 't~e dilferen~ whi'cb is purely a' ! D B : .tter of O:Plmon , conBi8t~ pn ncl~U yin vary.~Ing tb~ quantl ty .of sul ph uror charcoal e m . . ,: !J ).Qyed • .
L a n : c t . 8 . -I. Lances are small paper ~t t.woto four in. i0 diameter, fiUoo: witti com position,and are used to .mar k 'the out-Iinet! ·01' ftgures.'Xbey are attached endw"ise to ligbt woodenfram·es,or sttcks of bamboo and conneeted bystreamers or q'lick match. The foll owt ng areseme of the compositions used in these:
Nimte of soda .. ". -- 18 - -LampblaclL ..u ".......... 2 - - 8 . ·NItrate· of strontia. - - 80 - -SUlprulte of copper - - I ......Nitrate of tm ry1.a .jI" - - - U tZ
::~i~1u~~!~!!=~\of an inch in diameter, tbat ~ round a piece
of glasa-or braM ~. or tuba of tn·.Bize; 'tubes·
are always. best.for tbose _aD formers.. ~case8 are abOut = or ~ tIL J O B s ' . wItb one endpinch.ed .o~ turned in. .Two rounds of' tbi.-'~.demy or double crown w:hite. paper" ~~will give sumolent thickness· antf sub8tailoe fortbe case. Tbe·~ wOOn dry. am to be :tilledo w Jth either of the· compositions In.' the -.me~ 88S'Q:]den rain! . "Ooro.pos1tions fot' LalloeEl. Wbi~~l ~ .NlWl\
of a.ntllI!lony t ~ parts; i6aJ,I'8r" 1artj: 8bell.ac. 1part._
·5~Nloot" M pa:rts~ sulphur. 2 a I parts:. regulusor antimony, f.8 p3r-ts.: realgar ..8 ~; IheIl~1art... These for the m08t Part: ,dve ·8 bJutU.wh1tefio.me, arid when employed rn ~ oftbestse mentioned above" burn Blowiy, and. "Wil llast· as Jon. as this ePec.tes,of firework is re-quJ red tolast.. Yellow . ..-=- L CbJo'ride of pOtash " = DBr iB~OIR!. soda, 00 p.a.rta; stearJnel .,parts; 'BUlpll:ur" · 6part.&
.~ JI~h.-MaQ a tbk1k paste of~w.der aad bot. w a _ . with a smaU quaof BU~ in.lt. Take·aoout four strandI oto n ,. s uc b B8 .1 s eold Inballs aDd ll&ad fo r mthe wicks o~1am~ steep this "in the SOlutniter used for making touch paper, andit.M~ry u p~lb~~."i·t:n~n rUb.lt ~en··~gunpowder paste tU:11t 1$ tbJrQugWy cowitb it. One end of t.be cotton may.be ~tb~oug.h ,~ ~D1.8.U.fl1:nne~ wh4 ?~ ~outb ..more tban !iiin, I!! "tVIdt1\. By thl8 ~n8~
the wbole lentcth of the cotton is m1;hroUirh it tbe.,u:Pei"ft uons paSte w'U1moved, and the match will be of a nicej'onu .. ~a.ng it·qut < ; J ' f do~.on a. dry da'When it IS near~y dry oo!! It upon a ~pq.per. ~nq dllst it Over w.tb meal powder.winter It will. nut be su..fficl.ently QI'Y ·fuRdara week. W. hen thoro.ugb~y .drf~i~sbe still and hard. and the le~ It IS bedOllbJed the better, To use this ms:toh fonecting the moutas of difteren t .·"fireworcJotbing them, as itis te~, ma ke. s en il
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
Roman CandJl.s.-To Make a~Rom.an CaDdie. .oeure Ii'straight »j~Oe of 'Or'-I tube .." Qf~ncb ~xt6rnal,ditmleter an~ 10J6inri~"~01,",q~
or" fUe off f . l . ,pie00II 1}6 w o o -100., .Fi i r~ L19tor the $ 1& r iorDler', aud i8dra.n 0("title
rrect size., '
III tbe other piece. of 15 inches. tb: a bamlJe..B h own! in dimj,Duti1'13,. in Fl... 7 ' . . T.bis m toreas e f-ormer. It should, be,ftted ' smooth atend. "
Take another piece ell. bnl88 tU b e~ .. ,- of anh e~rn~ dia.m~r , a n a , abottt I' inoh€81 ' . . l.n thlB, also lix R bandl~t or fix i' _ into a
,F1g~4.. lnvert it~nd ~ it upright in80 wer pot, H'Ued witb sand or loose mould4!t aome Jead in a 1adIe,and pour i ' t . slowly'
~ube,.lea.vlD_g room for tlie ~ir to,es-up th~ BIde. till 1t i8 fUll., If tbe lead Isin ~pidJy, the confiDed air ~expa.nd-illl',
kll' the. metal up" and ~BY' C8l~ se~i-oU8A pound or more of lead ,~n b.f.i'~
ired, When cQJd" drive the end of th e JeQ.d ina hammer, a.nd'~ in s ID oo tb 4 ' Thia istor'mel," ..
Tak:ea piece ot 'deal, Fig. 0. a~ut 12 lnehelong ~,6fnehes br.O'ad,and }Ii, inch thiQk; and,..o'the to P 1 , screw a . ba.udte, Ii~eone on a scmbinbrush. ~I'!bis is for 8. rotHUI' board~ AD i l 'Odoor handle would QDswert A wooden OD~
bow:eyer, a~ut an inch tblck_, not ~~IiDdri~bu tells:,htly fi a n, a,nd .rounden, . at th,e, e d , g e e . _ " ,lp~able, U,itgLves more purchase for'theband..Cut a piece ~t tiD, o~'ztne,-O'l', thin ~~m into
the shape of ftitUJ"e ,8'1D whicb tbe dIStance be
r l~: :~~~be~W~'~ r~~~btTr::f~~~,dottrowitli whlCh to measurethe externaldiam=rtlla case. Write upoa it,% space ..Procure some 6(l re. , 70 lb. or 84 lb. imperia
bl"owri paper; the abe of 9. shoot will be 29 iQby ~. cu ta ,shoot ,tn.tofoul' equal parts, eacl'~"by 1134;;paste tbe four pi ,eCes, On one sidand lay them on one aaosher, w itb the PaBtface upward" putting the toueth piece witthe P @ . 8 t- e d : ,B ide do,wn;ward~ upon the ~Bideof tbe third 'p'looe.. Turn them over; takoff the DOW' top piece, and lay it flat 00 to
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
nea'r ed~ or a ta~le\t pM"t~d side npwai'd..Take the tormer~ FIg, 7, ,and 'paB,te the tube allover, ~ It along the edge Of the pa~r"be'ndthe paper over w Ith the tiD~rs of lJOth N : n d s .and roll''it ti1l'b'ijy uP..until tb~ extamal,d18Ul-eter of 'tbe case about e ta the ..nap,. Jrtg. &If't. h. e paper. ishould ,be. tpo. )OD~. of course .'piece must be 'cut ott; if i~8hou~dnot be )~.enought more must be add~ ta.king ~, 'tobind in .the second. piece witb. ~hree .O! ~ourinches of the n t " S t plooe; for tf tbe wbole ofthe flrst piece be rolled up before beglnrdq,'~~Lel f 6 C 0nil'l,thelatter, W'Mll dry" will probablyaIip off aUG, spon tJle, case. The ~ baviD8been roU~ up. take tne hamJle of tile fortDerin,tbeleft bQbd, ~aythe ease"flat on the ,nfBl'sideof thetable ta'ke the rolling 1 : M > a ~ t Jig.....in the rigbt band, press the front p&rt of Itqntoo CF.Wetand drive It f~rward flVir or six:U:'m~.lUre a jack plane letting tbe bandie of tbOformer eJjp rouiUl in tbe ~,ft h!md.., Tb1s wI: . ltighten ttie ~ and render it.. when dry".hiUd ga book. cover.The former must' always be p,1Sted befom
rolliDg a, case~ to pteve:nt ita atiQkiq. It
should" likewise~ be Wi.peQ clean with R damp.sponge before ~lng l~d ~de. Brass l:u~keep olean a muc h l.ollger t1me If tact}00red.To lacq,uer them~ clean Ule~ with v~rr. nneglaas paper; make 'them, hot by tb,efi re, ~lUyo~can Just bear them on tbe back of tbe band tthen,. with a camel "s hair pencn, waij[b, thewover witb thin lac 8.01utiOD. 'The cases may be:either 14~,or U!4 in. long ~ but It!q is the best"for when· the cases' are too long't 'ttle tuee, al itapp,rooches ~he bottom is apt, if sJow .. to .smoke; 'if fier.ce~'to set ,the 1!0P 0 1 tbe case ill aftJ,me.,. If'. th.'e l-enrl'lerde(..~des u poe .ll~in. ~the former and rammer may each be two O!'three inches sacrter,After the ttn:rt c a s e h a s 00e n rel~ed,up to ftt
the gauge.. 1tmay be unI"olled and tbe, papermeasured, Futu~, piec~ of the 'same quJr:eof 'paper 'C811 'then be ,cut of the r1gbt,:s.ize atonce" an tha.t t.he ease will :nt tbe gauge withoutturtbEw trou ble,A l£.1lte, s la 'Q o f $ia~ isCOD ven Jen't fol'" rolling-
unon, but a smoothly planed board win a.nswer~~ypu~~ . ,Whell 8 Dum bel" of 'cases, are :f tD isbad hite n a
piece, ot fla,x tw . -0 or three' ttmes f O un d eacl" oftbem, and ba.ng tbem up to dry, U] 0. plkce freefrom dm.nght
1that they may [lpt WB~ ...
. ,Fla,x is~sold ~n ~.~ .~he'thiCk. yel~ow is the
best. It 18 nam ed ln d i tter.en tly , ua..x o r h em Pi'It 18'lIl'Unh ugeq by sb~~l'$ an~: is, Boid atthe leather 8hops~ O " r w 0 Or'throo thicknesses oft 'W . s t w-axoo, or dr:ttwn thro~gh the band' with 0.Uttle', v.~te~ i~ ve~'y convenien t for pus; Dgrouod the neoks or smaIJ choked. C~ tyinl'cases On wheels, etc.
To Make a Kuma,n Dandle 'St;ar,.-Take theformer. Fig..I..~biob, a8 'aid before", : 1 , 8 l'kj i l l .}oP'g;j,hav~ a cy.Un.driC'a.l pi~. 01 ~urned. woqd~oox. beec~. ~rr ~bogany ~ ' l ~ . ., a~Ol.JJ tT 2 In ~long, and of ,ft; dla.m.eter to. Just Ht easll,) into
147 F lREWORKS '& EXPLOSI
FiB"" 1~ A t a po . [nt~a.a.t the distance of a~of all.incb trom the end d' 'Witb a . bradawv e r y small gimlet 0,[' n o s e b U , make a holedrive in a pleee 0'[ br~ Wire, to pro~oo't ,jumuch as to prevent the tube slippu~govA piece of a brass rtvet, suen as used bymakers; 1 .s co n venlent for "be purpose,part wi.tt! the h e a d , on i best; a quarter-web. length w ill be aum ctent, fiLed .or euwIth the nippers, 1t is evident tbat, UPD
aerting Jftg.. .3 int.Q the tube, Fjg. I..9v~ .....,of", of an~;neb':VIUt>ele~tA~ tbeb?tw.F!B.3 is a. Piece ' O , f turned wo~, l;Ir ~ttel"of turned b~ exa ct.]y like Fig. I, wttbouBlde,ptn, Q" ,Now ..."to.pump, 9. start insert,In Fig.l; pre9B tbe tube into damped comt iOD,. turn it,round and wi thdrB.wIt·. ,Kestube on a ftat surface, insert Fig. a,and gtwo or-three , taPs wi,tb B small mallet. likea Aecnvenient sire for the mallet is"&quare, 3 In~ Iong, w~tb a turned b~ud1e~m8Jlet, 11best made o[ beech or ma .bogllny.sUght lIlaUetr.ing' ooneoUdates.'the star andTen_, it.fi'O~ ,ge~ting br~k:eu "In~bar~g,
willcompUM it to
.ft.bOutnjlile-slxt.OOnt~!!J
inch In neIght... Push i't ou t .and setIt
~iara are b eR t made in summer" and drithe 8unebln« when dry ttJey should be.1000 clean pickle bottles fUl'ruBbed wlthBWng bunp" A 'piece of ~b leatbrer pover the bottom of the bu,oS'. . gat~r.edI 'OUDd the Bid,", and Ued at Ute top Iike 0. cmakes a . guod stopper, Shot MakeD uptut . I e B . t wi tb water ..soon c~eansthem.
To Damp S~f&-StaI'S co~tsiniD' nitrafiIkOntlum Jtl'ust be dH;mp~ elthe r WItb lactikm 'or wax, sol Ulion; anyt bfu.., -COD t;a
" " t e r dee.troYB the col or; Iiter stttts ~adamped .~, . 'wl'th.gum water" de~trjne' MlutlothJn 8tiU"Cb.. Most Of. heT" 'e,t.a.1'S witb ei thotbe iolutioDB~ ,Crimsons and gTOOM wfhwith boUecll1n&eed o,~ t)ut they ,cannot~ m t1 . ' .t.cbedJ.M....o i l ~ , r e , n a - e r~ . m e . " o J p>owder aJhnftaDlmabte~ Wltb nU stan' hot a drol!_m01 the. 101ut'lOD ebotdd be uSe,1i than is ~um
to ulake tbe .com P a : S i tioo bind ~and it'is aabl e Dot to damp, more than h8Jf an ouncetiwe~ tbla is psrticutarly the ,case in u;s,inlae sol ~tion1. as i- '~l"~~' rl:lpidly~ and if a}quantd t.y 0[ compos] MOD, is damped anddry,and' has 'to b e damped oyer andover ait, beeomes ,clOgged ,vJth the shellac an
color'is'deteriorated. If itsbould F.t d.fY~ i o ~ ~ : ' 6 z i i ; t b :~ c i : r i ~ i f n : : ! Be ~ t " t ou seBefore mixing cumlJositioDB" ev~ry a"
,should he ,as fine as wbooten tiQur snd perfedry. NitrH.te ot' stfonUum, if' purcbased'inIuinp't showd. be set over the fire til a pipkwU] soon be,g'ln to ooil in 'ita water of cryIiza 1 t. i9~'" itmust be. kept stirl"OO wi th a p'i~wood ,tiil the. water IS e,!I'apo ra ted ,anddry powde l' ~ett.. A pOQ,od Of .crystalsyh3'd abou'televen ounces of'dry J}Q.wder~w
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
hould 00 immedmte1y oottledf. Even then. Ifed in drunp weatner, it is be-1St driud againd m ixed with the other ingreO~nt$ wbile·arm.. tfbis second drying' may be in a sf):
eircuiae frying pan. .Art·iClea sepa.rateJy, may be reduced to pow-
tb.~ pestle in a mortar, See that it "is~d olean every tlms, as there is dIln~ r of
wjt~ .chlorates and ·~ulpbides. Wbenarticles are to b e mixed, tbey may be put,the. mortar and stirred ·together with a.
m all sash tool, A;IS in . is a con vern en t s tz e . .e mixture must then be put into. sIeve andi1th~ u~ual way; 01~ it may be brush-ad\rl~h the sash tool. Retu·rn. it to the
ieve.Rnd b~b and shake thtQu~b ag~n, As·lies it:. a hea.p~ level .•rr &JnoQth it wit~ the
.o f a table kD.ife~ or an rstraight edge~· i f "horougbJy m Ixed .. it will nresent. a Uniorm
if it· .appead dark~r In one par·t than inoth er ., It m lJ!& t be sifted ap.ln" A Bi .eve witbtop aDd r8Ce1vel' is, very desirable, 8"8 nf!Q.f_ly
are e1thel' b1Bck .or poisonous; theus·t from star mix tures 1 8 very ihjurJoll8 to thel~ If a top and receiver cannot be .rea:diJyp~ha8edtJ botb may easily be . conSittUcted outOf & ·&beet of mWboard,f"utened wi'tb a brad-. .wI ana waxed yellow ftfu~ and neatly covered.witb paper.M.iJttures may be. dam~ on a .Duteh tll~ ~
m arb le :B la b:. or a sta te without &:ftame. Theymay be st!rred allenrt; with a de;ssert knife~prESsed hi.. . a n . . d. chopped", or minced, as itwe · r e '" and again pressed'" flat. .To Make Lac 50bltion ..-Put half an eunee
of flake sh.ell.ac Into a ll.llpot, au<: i pou r l : I WQit 14 of • pt. o~ 5 ~z. of m.-thylatOO splnt; Or
prerero.blJ, a like quantity o~ wood nap~thLLet it stand for about a.day. stJ rnng It 00..CM10DBI!l till diseolved~ Tb6Ji balf flU a basi nwj,tb bOUiDI' watert set tbe tiD containIng tbelac in i-t an.d lea ve it till it boi1B and C}l i"dlE6.
If th e · w ate r does D<oot.remain .bot long e nousbto make itboUt set 1t in a 8eCOnd basill of boU.lll1Cwater. As soon as It h·M cUrdled remove I t . .slid wben cold pour it tnto ~ vial BDd e9rk it.SpIrIt WtlBt never be boUed over · a tlre nornear one ...R8 the. VDPQl' n;ugb. t t~~ K ~ptho pot. th~retor't while In tbe hot water •.a"1adistance from a fire .or fia.me of a lamp or call-dle.To Halle W·ax S<llution~- Put toto Q , vial !IIan
0&of wbite·{bleacbed bee&waJ:)~pour upQn itI:0:& of I11bleraJ ll8.ph tba (coal 0r gas tar naph ..tba); keep it tigbtly cor ;ked~ .TO Make Stearine SoIUtiOlli. ~ Dta&olv.6 a -
piece of com l'08ite ca.ndle in mJnerat napbtba1\ '1 tim l & D 1 e way. Mineral QRph t ba 1J1~8t notDe used near Q ,. candle or lre,t as·It 81vea 0 1 1 "an lnUammabla vapor· at less th&n 1(k)GFaMeD.-belt.To Make Gum Solution&-Thare is no better-
way. of preparing this than Bimply to put c(lldWater upon. ~m a..&bl~ and let .t stand tilldliBolved. If for .sticking 'pU~·88 mu~bwater as will just cove.. tl;1e gUm will. be sui ..
1:48 FIREWORKS s : EX·PLOSIVES
ft.cieot; but. for .ma.kin.M' qw~ 1 1 : ' matcb t 1OZI1 or1 !4 oz. of irUm to • Pint of water~ . 11 ~UI~
1D n hurry, put the gnro~to coi.t -w:~tel'~ In apiPkin O~ tin. ~ uce.pu. t _ ' l , ~t. 1t()~he 11re, m ~keIt DoH" u n tl keup st 1l~J'rn g tL 1 1 d ussolved, 'Vbeneola, ·oo·ttle·a11u cork it;"
To 1\ 1ake Dextrino S < , I L I t1on,- T~ke U : 'an 02L
of dex tr Ine and 5oz. or a M pt, of eolu "'..ate rut the dext.r-ino into a CUll or b~~nl add Q
little·or tho wuter, and ~.l!, l_ t "\veUWJth 0. tea-spoo n, ru ubing it tt u a}1.IS d Ia s .o1ved; then addthe remainder of tb? water •.st.~l'well, tog~t~e~·useen nd time, pOU [' 1t" in to a v uu and col k fo (lise, Dcxtrtne, we~~ to t~e ~o.us.istQl1cy ofhuney, may bauaed in~teutl,_"?[ tluck gumu.rablcwater for past.ing~ 1 \ or tt:us. purpose it IS ad.vtsatue to keep either in ~ ,vIde ~outhe(j bot-"tIe, and to set the bottle rn It.ga.lhp.ot ~ontnil'}lng u. Uttle water; the IJ:t'ush, no.camel'~ .b~IV(!nc 1 1 or \ o " e r r small sasb tool WIth on~th 1~
. o r t.be'briatles cut away on each slde, t~ renderit Hat, can then be.kept in the wn.t,ec· whl~n .noin u~ this wiU pte..venc it, on t~le one b~nd.from becoming' dt'y and hard: and, 0n theother frow. getti-Iljf .clogged and tnv(fJl~nt ..~can .~Squoczed between t,hethutUb and tingcl's,v hen. wun ted fQ't' usc. I]h¢ 1ft!t I{Um t J rushes
Dowsold~ ·~und .w.Jth tin. a.re_not _pteK~t to~. the tln oXldl~s,an(1 turns ora cI)~ree...able brOwn. colo,. If there is a difficulty inobtaJning a g.r.aduated .wa~~ ..measure, onesuftJGlen tIt OOl"~oot f ~:n~PYl'otec hn Io purpo$eimu.y bemade Wit h a v141. .Paste ~ nar1'9W: stripOf. peper.up the out~sldc 'O f the vml~~elg~ 4 . o~of wat,Q.rin 8: · cup rn ~·be sc ales ; p q:u r ~t Intotbe viaL" mark the helgbt. and. dl'~de l~ in t
·four e.guai ~arts for ounces; Of course. It canbe gmdua.ted tn to half· .nr:1 {IUarter ounces, antncroued. if lar~ enoueh, to five 01" morounces, A gallpn of distlUed ~ter.we.'ghs exnet]y ten unu nds. c.'ousequen~Iy flpint?! l ? u r :wu tur - WQ~ghs II pound and ~ quo.r ter. 1 . hu s1i~~O UCtU' en~' lJgh. (o.~ apl rt t, .tbo~W~,.,of (~U rse~1)1"tit; u trltl~ Ihrhter ~ Doetors' vuils are oftenmarked witb ounce di.v·is.ions,To Make P.aete~-Paste· j8most economically
made in u lIi~o pot. whtch: ~y ~ 4 : in. d~pand 8).i tn, diame.ter.. A!IY zl,nc WOT~el' wlrnake on-a -to order.. Put· 1nto It.2 oz. wbeaten·flour Dud a uttle cold waterv rub the two to)lath.ar with a spoon tlU Blnoo~band faw.from
IU10PS,; pour·io. mC?r1awate~ tIll tb~ pot lsluUwltbtn . a .bQ ut an InpUt set. t~~pot 1D halfBaucepan tul of wa tar, put iton the ftre_t IJUl.kthe :w-titer boi1~ and keep it and t~e pa~,te boiing ·for tour or dve minutes" stirrlDg the past·tnewhU~~ ReJDo\re.it· {Lom the fil'~\aa~ satby to c-lOl.. The P.iSte q to re~n In the zinpo~ inwb; cb it will k~p flood for a lengtb D'fJJlU~au ,d beu.1iti f~ w bite..&)lne r.eoornme . alum tn paste; but it·
besta.v·O'd~l especiallY in ~ I~tend~ to recei va coloma ft l'E&. AJum • a (Iou bla ea J t..8ulpbate- of 8.Jumma. and pota.ssa iit.~ an. acireaCtion·; and" coming irico.ntac~ wltb cb~ora.t
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
I . · 1 r)oR N;:!\N' S . J A , . .l \ f E S BOND VD1" 1
0:1 pO~~ anq suJ phur may cause 8J?O~ taneouscombustion ....A droo of surpnurte aetd mstantlyignj T.~ ~·tarscon tnlu Ing .tb L~. A t theaters theclown sometimes fires 9. cannon with what ap...pear~ t o be a r€d t10t poke~'~l ? ut ·~b!eh in real ...It.y ] 1 5 ~,nly a piece of wood p~\1nt..eqred. A nnx-t tire is Ullltl e 0 t: ehlora t~ of p6tas.~ and ~L11pbl7['~)r S ugar a g lass bead "IS ftUed ~n th gulpb urIcnch1t and the hole stopped up with WB..X .. ThislS htld inhe mtxture, and w·ha[1 it is ~1t.tUCk.
wrth the I~okert the ~1.quoi~escapes a~.q.jnflam~tbe potasb and sui phU 1'. Sulphate Of eonper 18
a .p articula tly dangerous M~;and IIIustDeverlle used ...as j·t is aJmost .ee~al n to cause spo n~neou S combustion. Chertier, to WbOHl P:'"1'0-teobny ot~rwise OW~ so much", Jnt~·od.ueedan om pirieal preparatl ODt by dissol ving- sul-phate of copper in .water ,1. to.h~,thel wit h :Ch,lo-rate or potas b. drylttg 1, and wet,tl n~ 1 , w 1t ham rnonla ibut this, however dric.cltYihe r \ : ~ ~:tuawetted" tll.l"ns'Iit.urus paper rod. Pruet iuus busnamed i-t Gbe,'i.'tlel"s copper, Its U8e .ts UGtrecommended ..Two paste brushes will be sufficient for: an
amateur, sub tools,. one Qoout an inch d~t..er't the ot h~i'B'mallel ' for light purp05ee. Letthylll sta~.d in the _pa,.ste.. If t,bcY. get dry. th~bl"·lstles·fail. out. For conventenee, one may beke tJn the paste and OU6..ln. watel' ..~ rl'. cl~¥l p~wde.red.. ~nd B.1fted~ ~8 ~ ~e ~s p.•osst ...
bte, is , useo for p,.lU.iI"10K' or 8~I!PlDg' up tmebottoma of cases, AUl8tams fiave dlS!,Q~-ttnued itt use and employ p i~ter of. ParIS In
preference" birecti~t1.S w~llDe g~veo·for. ·eacb~so tnastue l~rne:r ~n ndol?twhlch be pleases.,·but plaster is jn.'ftnrtely preterablcoi It is ~American improvemen~ltomRD. Cand~e Sooop~.-N0 8pe~:de8 of fire;.
W0rk.s reqUt ~ greater-. ~re in theIr construe-t ion than Unman candles. In tbe first p.l.oo tbesta.rs muat b~ tien...~·,that tb:ey. 0 1 . 'flY Ught. tho.r...oughly; next. they must.not be'driveu out~~too great v~~Ocit:;.p" F-qr this:p~~ J)OS.e too bhlwmgpowder. must 00 carefUli.,)r adJ.u~ted,· The st.o.rau,leom~t b~Q180 easy it fit tiu~.t ~be[l "put intothe C85e they may fall to the ptop~t, depth oftheir own accord: It they require pushing" tbey·a~ too tight, and lfi.·'UJ~~~bt\blY.~ ~~~oWIl.olltbU.l~d. w~eD made as directed they., will n~Bltrdy be of an easY' nt, as tbey will be of t.heinner diameter of the brasa .tube, while thebore 0f the ease is equal to its external diame.ter,
To re~uJ(L~tbe b"o w~ g-. P OW~ 9~ r.,
p~l!8re anumber of Ilttle sooepe like ~ tg~. 5 . . wmoh 1 f t ,about tb.erlg~-t size for the; bQ~~omstar. Tbeyare form.ed of pieces of tdn, zine, or copper,Cut a long stri p of tin ~ in, br~ ~eut ,tli14Bel'088 ~nto 7 P1006B of tb-e fnUOWlllg .lengt~:1;t 1 4 ~ l~, 2"S~, 2 X \ t apd 4jn. Hpund off tbe < : 0 roOnel·S. T~O·~ PI~~Oof brtiSS ..:Wl~l or stair.roda.bout !4 InIn dlamete·l""t .ana witIItbe woodenm : a L L e t before ll1eD tioned., Fig. 20, bend eachor tlie pieces l-oun(l the rod into a 1 u U £ ~ylJnd.el'''or guttet~ . Tttke up the·sulQJJest a.ndhold 1) 8 ilL
1.'1~,j FIR.EWORKS s : EXPLOS
ok.
•sq
of the end. 0.£ the statr rod in the end os . em t . .oyl..ind~r to k~p· i, Qpe~; put the opa~t~tro~ .~ 'to b~Fjg. 5,m s VISe a n d . ,Pt~up, It WIn .~u.me,. the. form ropresented.tbowl part will be%1~j.longand t o o bandJ.e.long. ,Make the .~W l Of, the, . n f 3xt S O C \ O , Plong, the next ~ In . . .and so on; tbe handlealways be I in. ,hJug to ~he lrult, tor the. topwill have a bowl of: .3 .in.. The smallest 8ought to hold as much .lifl".8inPOwder uweigh about one. twel t'tb of the star; ~have the 8OO0PS ~c·ura~ itWill be De~rytoC:I~fU·gea Homan ~ nre ~~ and obswhether the stare go a uniform height..measuring the intervaJ. fuse.. or fuse betwthe top or one.etar and the bottom of the nQ ·Ia~ scoop of the MW of Fig. 10 will. bQ:ui~ TOO tin may be ~ in. broad, andb ? W i. lB..'..rt;~ in. )~n~i b · e D . t . · . l ' D u n : d . " the rQmFig... TO ad1ust I~ake a Koman ca~e.. I.t on t h . a,... :oot, Fig...9 t ; whlch is 0.of ·wood or braes turned with 8. tenon (tight 9~ tb~.t~ottoDl~ftbe c . a s e ~ , lriij. th~ IRll,d atn k9 . It. Ievel .·wtth a .: s t . migh. t e ; C l . g6;.. e mit· Into the ease, rest the r·ooton a fiat tm.~lnBCl't .tb~ rammer, Fig ~.4"and jolt It updown 8 dozen times Or" more, .1 1tt It a
" 10. at a ·time; 'Put ill another ·lCor~~~:t~~~an :1 tr i· ~~; r ~ ~ ~ C Oscoop Wlll be correet, If 'more or less.scoop must '00shorteuedl or lengthened aooj.ugly.A pteee of writing pape.. may be pasted
wound twice rQund tbe handle of E ' A C b SCas from ~ to b, Fig!':t One dot can be1]POD the scoop for the: fi 1 " ' S t or b o o t to mt.wo d-ot8 for th e seeoud scoo P !J ete." Ormemol'and~m can be written UPOI~ themfu tu re I!1:l·'dance, Should they g(rt soded,rDRY be cleaned with a waped damp pJe~g-e!!
Gunpo wder· for flreWOr ka is used informs ..mea.l_lJowdel' and gmi n powder ~powder is E li ·lIno black. d nat 8.nd is cmp19~nIl eases 0f mtxtn g. , Groin powder i~,ofkinds, Foi!F}I~, n.nd FFF:.......ft.oe, double finetreble tlnc. FFF is bc8t for croc·ke.-s~s'~ORUse. · i t · l 'unara~i4LY ~Qwn ·the Pj~8i··drii ng 8tar~ ,shells. etc.., It "ill be sumo
bnt "F~ 00 em·ploye~; F~ need. nopureb.w;ed" If jD any ph\oo there ·shoulddiftleuity ill obaJ.ojng meal powder1 F
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
powder m'ELYbe orush~ in a !~t)ler oog ~by·~~Yingthe. b:RIton 8 ~ rd surface and bea.t..UJg1tw·ltb a hammer. Ilhe leather should be oftbe same kind B$ sboes are mad e 01..'1'0 Charge Roman Candle Cases..-Pour someF grain pow,der into a wl}{}den bowl Orplatter,reptesen ted b~ .Fig:.. 11E • Bound th.tl edge .Jaythe u ttie blo WIng powde.l'" seoeps aide. by su;ie.begi [)Iii f l Y ' w lth the smanes t at a ,· 'the next atl J . .
and so onto (I~ Put
someRoman.
candlefu~ In to a lar.g~ ti.~,~o.g p~made to stand o.n a.t1at bottom, like Fll'., ~ the same in shape osused by tea. eealera, and; OIl ·t~e rigb.t han~ ofit· l~y the chur·got.ng' fU9~ S{}OOfUir.Fia'. 10.. ·If th;e·Homa.n candle is to eontain eren. t· cO·loreQ.staes, set seven ~0a row in the order dE:,3ire.d.Wben the eases Rre· in tended to be. tired inthrees or fou rs, the staes in one may l)e allblue in another crtmson in another green, illanother white. Fit the foott,. Fig. :9. in the bot-tom of. tbe Cft .S0~ put in u scoopful ·of .cllly"ln~rt the i-s.mmer..Fig. it and jolt it tin theciii.y is,well eoraposed. The clay should fin halfan inch ... This being done. invert It, and sbake
out·,a:oylitt~edusttbat
rilay.('fjllluio..
Put inthe 11ttle seeopf'ul, a ll of F gmi n powder, thenlay thescoop at Ar ·Now put in. u. s.ta~'_ Aspreviously st~Odl it~ught to' fall_ of tts ow na~co·r9...but IDa:ke sure. ttl_R.t i~ has reached theblowing powderby put~lng m ..b€l rar;tEller,.
~~~g ~~.~ ,~th~~~~p~~~t~~r~:~.~~~12; mse rt trIa ram mer and.. jolt _it; put Inanot ~e.~ scooP.of .f~~.S!9~~~jg~10; lay .~bu.~co~P;onthe: f.IIIht of FIg_ 1 . 2 : . . 1nsert the r.u.~~r and Jottit Q$ ~fore .. Tben pro~~~ wlth.t~cscoop.,~,ot: gnu n powder and ~ayI.ta .t B, a.nd ~.~on, .tl,~1the case IS tllied_ The fuse o n the top star ISbeSt d t·ivenin with a sbort sOlid rainmer and
mllllet as 11-sd.UBoult to jolt the long rammerin so small a . . s p.n.oo~, Th'f; last eighth of an inc bJ,near· the mou ttl of the ~e'l .sbou~d.be fine meaipow~er as it binds better than the Ro~a.ncandle t u s e and also blo WB oft the- leader }llpe.!~. , . havi be 1·'dThe blowing powder scoops, .ftv!ng oeen aicat A..B, etc." OiUtba t is raqul r € N 1 is. to turn tbe.bowl Or platter a . litie l~ou'ndto the left. an.dtbey will come in Tota.~ioli ready :tor t~e nextcase. Also, by P'Qtti.~ the scoop, :W ig . 10...alter-uo.wly to the left Rnd rlght of tbe scoop, Figt12'1itwill ~lways be known wh.ether 'I ihe pr~perquantity o.f f~se basbeen.putln~Oo~ocodstars, from their fl~rcen~ have a
~ndency to bu en in ·the eases. ThiS defect
n:my be remedioo by P.~t.tlll.K upon:ellCh :stat".9small C()opfU~ of sta.rti~Q" f tr~ .. . No .. 1 . : b f ? f o~eput't,ing in the jnoon-a.lfuse as.m.ucb·n.g WI.)) fillro und the sides ·o f 'the star. T~is co"mposl t~OIlhi 8umewha't fiercer t·han wouid, SU.lt for tberl!-gUlar· fuse;; s o -catches ·the hlowiog powder:sooner ...A Roman -candle· ie, wel l , cno.r.ged wben " the
to equa heights; but with colored stars· thuse : a . " DO·t ~ pertectly insured. as BOWO 8h:rink
151 FIREWORKS s : EX·PLO
m o r e th.an others in d.r)rtng, o . . n d .of courmore loosely;: some are heavie~\ some flthan others.'The intervRl ruse must always be: drive
at twioe, never at ODC~~ Ea.c.h star, witblowlng powder and fuse occupies aboui e h and a balf; pe rbaps a i.-it!O more"
J . nstead of driving iu C} l\.}' fit the boJ~.ll$ter.of .Par~smay be used, u.up thenf00t..!'is'+ -9 will not be req Ured~ HuVB
plaster of Paris in a wide·-m()utbed botglass of cold water with a s8J t sp~ on in ia number of·pieces or paper-about. four isguare.. Put.a srnallqunrrtity 01' the plast000 of the ptecea of '~'8.P(~I'; i'H l~~nt tILC l.with t·b.·ettngari l.l.u .t to it . t! httle w~11~..r ~.r.ldit up with a dessert kntre. Just ,\8 If. gthe conslSW I l O Y : of mortar and " is abou ttmould it with the fingers to the shapecork; push itin to the ·~·ndof tho CMe~ rasc a s e 'on a flat surraee; jnsel~t the ram.mer,give ittwooor th~ at ig11tjbUB; turn it ra few times and w i : tbd raw iLl f' tp.e psticks to the end of the .rammer, itR hoW 8 e
that you have used . the plaster too wehave 'not turned the rammer round Itoien.t number of tfmes,'.No- more plaster must be m txed at· atban will 8ufiLc·e fn I· ODe case, \ v · nen pbas once set it oanno t be mixed up Q stimes therefore take a fresh piece of papel~~ the 'knife bQ,cleaned.eve·ty "t~ml~.Itvisable to . n R :ve two desser t knl vest thecan be used to S(a.11pe the 0 thel'.. .;\.spblster should be used as will till the caaoo.ut balf an inch. They must be. setdry; their· not ~ ui riug the use. of thewill be found a great convenience.Roman- candles ara .us~lly made frQm t
eighths to slx-e.ightb&, but th"e-e1gbtbsvery. satlsfactory· slae, If a ltOmau canintended to be. fired sin.glYI!i twist a pietouch pa.per ~und +he~~0U: tll.. 1f, the easeinte.ooed to be fired 1n thl~ees~ :1ou rs~et!,orm a : bouque~ or tQ . be v,JACed l'o~na D.Jack ~In- the-.hox, or de '{].l-tii]UOn.g~the-'ta000t tbe tone hpaper and envelop the. cadou ble crown, maue to project au Iuoh bethe mou~ to receive the leader or .qmatch. .A steel pen inserted t nib btlekward, i
end or :0 . s~ail p l : l . - p - e ' . [ " tube, ·rolh:~ reu nend of J iL pe n ho Ide I", mu kes a nea t 11ttle sIt may 00. f.asteD.o~ in \vith It J.ittle p')as.t
Parif;: A ~e-qQPmay aJso be made v{ltb ~Compos~tion fo r .Roms. 11 .()and les. _.L N 1
part~~.su!.pb llt.. 6 . · . · . parts; ftne· chru.\',oa!, 1meal. powder, " pa r.'ts.~2 '1 N.. i i t . e..r""ltl p~rts; D;leaL po~,,"de~~,. 8 l)arts;cbarcoa.l, jj pa.rtS:: ~u:lphur, -6 parts. .. 3 . Niter, 1~ par~ meal vcnVde r , 11~~rts
pbur, B parts; antnDony..t_~ ptll·tS. ] he~bm.g..s t,o till t l :t ~ . .; ~ . . ~O:k~ rUUnw- It idt;l.ce· a. 11t tIe ,clay tQ tbe bottom 01 " thethus forming It bette.1" .a .nd fi.rme t'" bot toU.beiu.g 40110 P~ 'Ope r·ZY:lput j11 ali ttJe coarse'
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
er, and over tbis Q . .s~J1 P~~~oot P,alJtH~ totbe COJPposttio n nuxi ng ·,\V~th!e
wde'.i.~.ben· rsm down. as r :nU~ll com~si bona s will nu the easo one-alxth of its· beiK'h"'tj overbis put ~ small p~ece,of paper. cOyeri:n.K about
thirds of the diamete r, ~hena llttle cornand upon that 0. ball...obee~'v1ngtbat
bitll19·r$tber smaller than. the (llameter 0f
esse; Over this n (Wstboll more of th-e- com ..OSition mU8t be put and· rammed lightly downprev6o·t breaking tbe b a n t till the case ise third full· then a ll:ie~e of p.a~rt a . little
and tileD a!\oth~t·ba11 9.~ bef O~" till.he case .:is 6UOO Wlth bans llnd com pool tt0D:.
care to. place .com v o s t tioil above tbe0 0 1 1 . When. the c ·a ae is ·th~ tlll~t cap
t wi t.b touch paper by putJng I ' rouna toeori Hoe,and a little prim) ng o r p-ow4et beta.added.. tbe work iIcompli;te:~- .PIIToteMnfd'87Y.ea~n'rv·
Number ............. ' ........... * * I I . Ii" 1 S 3
m parts strontium nitrate,.5 parts ·wood:-.har ..ooal, with d m~QbUnsood oil aa is reiluJ: te4 toknead. the mRSS t-Q~tber ..Green Lig.ht.~~fty parts potasellltp.chlot'&tei
50 ~rts barium. nitrate ..5 parts wood cb~ro~and linseed on, as above, The· use Qf·1t~oil Ie c1a.imed. as aspeoiRltj in substdtutdon foroil ot turpeDtln8 ·o r resin. - 8cwnoo Record..Mi.T-o ~l1( !, keSlow MGWh.~DfeBOl ve1drm, n1t-rate
of lead in ~ oz. boUlngwater t Cut·8. sheet ofblotting Pi\P~ in six equ.al·partst·and wet tbem011 both. sid~ ·with ·a Msb ·tool~ with thesol~~1L w .hen dry, paste 8piece. all 0ver, andupon It .8DlQOt~ prese Aoother pi~; upontli1s, PMted. put 8 third piece; ~tl 80. on, tiDaU too. six ~orm.a atUf board. Lay them undera ~.cavy ~igh-t ; and, when dry: with 8sharp.k~lie and straIght e~~ cut t~e whole in tostrlps.a
quarterO faninch
broad.Four
tnones·Willburn .. ~, • qu,rtor O r an bour ~ Narrowtape, boiled In tb e aoIu t1 on .. muea, e.x'c eUen t·slow match.
SquUJ rt OomPOBt&~fWJ for ..-1.M.~ powde1",!O.~~. i : k t ; ; : 8 paI18 ... mphQr,4: parts; E~char-
2 . . M e a l powder, 18 (JN1iB ~ '& chaTooaI, .'O IU"Q . .8 " M e al .'P O'W d er,Z I. ~f.. n J _ t , parts; E
phur'll , parts· & ebaiooalto parts.. wety. out·&11the iDlI'~n~ mix: tlieril thoroug b· \ and~ the compost Yon thnml'b a 8ieve l\ leastth·ree t iJ: l1eL The oomDOSit loD eaPDot be over-mixed.
~ 11-1~h.8:.~The following proportJOD88Ie gl~ ID BD ED.Usb ~tent by E.. H. La-~·of Pa~ for co1Q~ ~I'bts f·or signals.:Whits LiKht.-On.e bUb~ parts p:otllBSium
Sow Ff,~ to be .Heaped . 'UjJQn. a ~ . $n~ r J f a Cone. . and Lit at Top.
Cblors. Seai"let. I GreeIL ! Purple .. I Yellow .. Crimson.
- I S " um bo.r ..~• • + , 'to· • • .. ,.. ..,~ i ll .. I\,_ _ _ I _8
S . , w ph \1r~ii • Ii I i I! t : , .. •• • ~ . . I•~ II •!II , . . 1 ]
(,1la.rcoal ••,~ i •" ~ i - \ l 1I -it.er .. 10 " ~ < II • I I I • o il • < I I • ' • iii iii ~ • 1 0 ' " . . ! II • 3 - -
Moo! powder ~ ~."."'II.I~ 8 · 8 I" ·St.eel .ftlinr&.. .. ~ll iii • iii III . .. " .. • .. • • ......
~ .QrtmBon. - 1 1 1 Chlorate of potas~ S4parts: nitrate of stron~ 3 2 ~ti; ;_, caJ~~~~ 12pa~ su1ph1l!", 6 J H ! l " t 8 ~ sbellac: in tloo powacr.sparta; sulphide. of copper ..2 pari8; l1ne char ..coaL. 2 : parts.2..Cblqmte of potasb~ 11 parts; nitrate ofstront~ 2 p fJ8rts; ,B W 'P : b ur, 11.:~t81 charcoal, : a .~I'ts; anttmony ..·2.pa·rtst mastiC; t part.a . Nitrate of st~n~a, 'l2 ~~ sUlpbur, ·20parts; ~PQwd.t}rt 6parts;· ooa1 dust. 2 : pa.rt&
Rose Colored Stars ..-Cblorate -o f potash. 20parts; car-bonate of Bt~nti~ ·8 uarte; . calomel,10 parts; sbellao, 2 - parts; sulpbn r~ .3 parts; fineoharcoal,1pam The. sdvantaJ(-e of this com..
post 1 " 1 on is~b9.titIsnot atallllafile tosuifer fromdamp in Wln.t:e~. Tbec~bQn6.te of stronU~ isa $£lItnot abscment of JD018tul'$ like· tbe ni-tra.te, ~nd iS t mo-reov-er, always to be bad in aBta~·of doe powder".Green ~tars.-t. Chlq·rate.of fJfJtaab~ 20parts;nttrate of bltry.~. 40 p~r~, ~omel't 10 partB~s ulpbur. 8 pat"tS.j .eh~l1acJa po.rt.8i; tlue eha ~oa.~1 -part; fused sulphide O( copper ~1part ..
: 3 . ~ i~ : t e of baryta., to ~; realgar t 2 parM;eulpb Qr.t " parts.; lamp b t~~,..l pa.·tt~ .8. Chlon.;te or potash" ,~ parts; nitrate· of
baryta, 12 parts: 8ulphl'!r. 15 parts; mastic 1VN -rt.. ' ,_ Pule Hos~ ColoreSl St~~~Nitr-ate of atrontta,g purt.$: chlorate OI p(ltasb .•4 : parts; sul phur, 3pa\"~; sillphuret .ot an1:;1mony. 2 P~.Il Take~peclt~! cure th~t the nitrate of stl'ontia usedrn thts .Io.o.rw.t!!a,S. very ' dry..Pale Q-rec.ttS.tfU1!.~lSitrnte: of baryta, 161»u'ts;
chlorate of petash, 8 parts; suJ_phur , 8 pnrta~
a.ntimonY 3 V9.I·ts. .YeJ19WStars~......... Chlorate of potash, 20 pa
2 . . Chlorate of potash, 30 parts; d ried sodaparf.s: snln bur, S pa rts.a -0 ~ : ! e r . .Yallow 8tats..-Cb lora te of -iotash,
-po.rbi.; .nltrAte of baryta, 30 parts.. oxalatesoda, 15 parts- sulphur, 8·part,s, 8heilac. "' pa]fit is tbou,h t ad visa t J 1 e : to give the amade from. this formula a tailed. uppearau
add one .~att .o f .fine cl~n.~~ool. The comptton :i$ to be mniatened wIth the shellac stion, The stars form:a beautiful contrast wtbose of an intense blue.1I1'q~Star&.-l~ .qblo~te 'Of potash, 8 pa
8ulpblde flf copper" 6·P~l'ts; Chertier's copp.5 parts:. 8UW hur, 4 part&. ..Z. Chlom~' f pot O $ h t· 1 -2par ts; Cl:tertl~'8per, 6 par~ sulpb U~ t 4 - pari B i ealome1,1par3..Cbl~~ate .of ~otasb " l 16 parts; ChertIe
cop per, 1Zparta; .calomel, 8 pal"'ts.; Bteo.rlnparts; Bulph'!r" _2 parte; shellac , 1 part,gt 'Yes 8. m ost In ten se blue, .4. Cblora te of po~b 20 llarts~ carbonate=er, 14 parts; I!lIlpllUr~ 12 parts; mast
6 .. Njtel'" I' parte i su1:pbi~e ot $utixnonypal"tst fJulpuu: r , ~ part« 1ampbtac.k. 2 ~rtB.these: oompoSitlonS· ehou 10be m(dsoo·nedgu:rn W~~t and ·in1-1"0.n the steartne e~plonru~t00 Infmeww~er~ .VJolet Star.s.:-Cblol"o.~. of ~~taah. 1} parts:
tra to Of stron tta, (.pa:rt8; sur . uri IIparta :~n8.te of cop:pe~.1part: ca101ilel.. 1Partitte, 1part;White. S·tan.~Salt:Peter ..9 parts; sulph
par"tli antimony", . 2 . part&.
NO.1 ...Mauoo afld.Liklc S ta rs ·a n4 La. ' fWt '&
The follow·ing refers to table N{)~·6.p8~e 118: NIf p()wder~ nttrate of hary~ anrl shotlac. C
by being hammered ina bag...are mixed C~et.her and metted in a pipkin over the ti["(~t S
mixture, ~beu COld, llllIy he t'~·~tJeed to tl N9wdel" in an IF,O n mo :rtal' WI th patu~~1(_:e. I]_~ae So. ~ W·eigh out21 parts nrtrate of barytes, Snd 2 p." ets co~ly powdered lac; melt .t.h(:~m.
when cold. powder them, and adde other substances- in prollor proportion.
lJ)ay be mel ted \~/ih IIira to .o f st.ren-* in the same W B : Y ; -
No.. 2 . $U(I(t'f Blues for 8Ut~ an d LanccM.
-1 2 a 4 5 Ii
.fH
8 9 10• . o II •---- - 1-- -1- -tash ... r :8 36 40 46 86 9 - t ' 4 0
I • I . - ~ ------- 1 .-copper ~ -- -~ ---. _ _ , .
Numoot., ..... ~
Of -'::0
Calomel ..... : .LOaf S U : I ! S ' 8 . r . + •
S U} ph () ret of e+ . ..... ~
oxycbl.oride ofSalitmmoniac .Copper Wings .Blaok O~ide or
No substance -combioes better With salts ofcopper than ..~r. Sug~l". put into tbe bowlof a tobacco PIpe. and -placed m tbe ft re, burnaft~ly, and .IS converted into caramel. Thjspoure:d on to a I)J~te... sUghtly smeared withbutter to pre~etit it stickIng.,. ·tiardens on cool ...iog t and is used for eolortng' bm~dy,vin~.rtgmvy ..-porte", ·coffee. etc, Stcanne m.ust 00sera ped very fine from Q Stoo.rine candle.SUgar" blues are to be da·m~ with PU1-e watero~Yt ~ tbe sugar itself" when we tOOd \"lS s u .m -Cleotl.f cohesive. .U$8 an ~exceedinglY small~~].ty of.~~ter twd. rub Itup tboro\tgbly in
ThefoUowi~ reters to table No ..l~ page .19~It 1 & impo~'ble. to powder shellac sulBctently
fne by hand; and...twenty year8·~ ..POwdere.dsbellac. could not be proou.red.. AfJout· thattime the .drug grinders, Ilndlng 0. demand forit, submitted itto the action O f tbe- stamP.flllmJ1l9 (mecbanical pestle and mortar), lmd nowit·can 00 .obtatned at most sbops..
154 FIREWORKS &EXPLOSIVES
Chertier mixed Hake BneHM with salt: meltedthe two together;- pOwdered the mi~.tu~; a u c : : cwasbed.outtbe alt. Such p~ ~ needl~,.nowIi It··iS useless;' unless as tlne as. wheatenf i.O U Y . .
umber,j1 ;2 3 , 6_ .......
-- -~--...itmte of Jend.... 8. '$1 2 8 - - -lorate of pot- ~ - ~ ~ -sh; .... + •• I I! . .. . r-- a 6 6 5 . ,
" " iI h a . J " o o R l . .. .. . + ••• 2 6 6 1 -tee] ttl1tigg·.• M ~ ~ ~ 2· (1 6 3 4 -"iter .......... ~~.. - . 4 8 - ."_
Rub up the mixture thoroughly in B mortar-with just cnoug.b boiled on to muke it cohere,and·pump ithllto 1"t.oman candle stars; the. Oiw .ill prcse.l've. tbe .stoo~ from . rusting. :FqrRbmMl. oondl~s 01' Itallt\u streamers they 'Wll00 ready a:t au)"· t"im-c; f-or rockets ft .nd sh~U.they may be ma.~bed.· and enveloped, JlkefigulV 32~B day or two 'Prev.io~g]y. They formbeautiful 'stars. Or they mAy ~ charged incases, aDd prltned'" with ~blo1"~t~ me~l. powder.Or they may be damped with lao solution.
Instead of tlUngs, Zinc may be obtained infine powder, byP.ourlngita meltoL into a boiron mortar, and hB.mme~ it "With the pestldirectly it~s to solidify.. 81ft it throUgb:ftn~8 i ev~ .. . .Protect t~e ban.de, wtth cloth glovewbde usmg' the pestle~ Damp the compositionwitb .~ WB.~ for Roman candle stars, Broken bl~ of the B~rs :r:nay be put into ooloredg e r b e a ' l >
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
"ulphur t ,•,....•• •••••••• t ..... o f ... + . ' . .. .. + •• 5 :u 2 - ~ 4 1 2 e U 3 8 8 -Nt,tter .. p 'I - - - ... II • • ••••• iii .' • + I' I • • iii Ii . .. II .. • • .. • ••
To . 1 oz. add 2(. d r o o ps of l?oUed Qnseed oll ;rub the:n t,bor()ijgl.~lY.tt~geth¥r ~D•n . mOI'~r;then spread out/ tbo mixture for b. tew d8y~ todr.y. When dry, mix with starch, dextrjne 80-luU?llt 0'1"IorUln wuter, and chop into % or ~ hl~eubical blocks. ~l·hpywHI kfe.:J> {or' years, and~mp,rovo .by.,age., _.no~'(~eJ'~at ;Q , star may tall,ltruuse IHIP tt l Iy burn th ro ug h . a nd len ve ,If, cln-deu~.Or SCOt~a~from ttli ~ ' I j as it faus, minute110rt'l 0 n8 become detae bed, tlnd teatl beb~nd,._lr~JleRitlln rnl f l rs fl'd star~ ff(nd Al-ftcrntdRoi
. .I
.: i~ I
. .& : • ~
.
Co'lors.
.(11I . 1 : 1
2~~ -I
~
.~
0a ~ ~ :aI
;j . . . . . .u
S~
~00 ~ ~"~ ~ ~.~~~. . . . . . , . . . ~ ~ -
' C " - of strontium I, 8 6 -- ~ ~
de of ~tyt($u .. - -. 12 ~ ~ -In.t'ide of Copper, - ~ - 2 ~ -C o 0f soda _... + ~
Niter. . . II .. •• tI • ~.. • • • .. ! to . . . . • II ~ iI . f . .. . 2 : O
SuJ.:pb u :: r . . + .. - - - , ~ ." ~: .. • • •• "' • '" . ! . . . . 1 oMealedpowder~ _ tiP '"" .•PU ".16 OCha-rcc- J81 . .. ... .. . + .. • • '. +:.. • • .. ~ I ! I • .. . ! I I " o
• T il Yak€.TO-Uf .hPaptr.- Dissolve ~ oz. of'In ~ pt. of bot water. Procure somed~,)l.i1e crown bJue, cu t each me.at intoequal part~ ft fteen by ten, Lay them Bmupon each other .and. with B sash tool diin to the n l tar -soiution!! wash them over. onBidet and bang ·them up to dry.
Wasp LCght.
Numoor ..i [I i i ill .... ~ •••••• I! • ~• i ii . .. . 1 1 1 - . - iI iii iii .... " I! • • • •
Nitre.. ... ... 01 ' ! - • ~ • !I • I -II -Ii it i i i . ij •• I~i ~ I " " ., i ii .
MJ\N t S. ,TAMES DONI). -")01. I FIREWORKS s, EXP1,OSIVRS
10. J;lrifut· BEue~-Potassium chlora te, - a oz,Chertlel"' 8 copper, 7OZ:'~mercuro us chloride. 3OZ, ; i " ehel laq ,t_ 1 OZ~;.ste.arl ne~1oz..11. Rich.tS! ~e . .~ POt.-iUDl cblo'r'fL 00'",8 .0 z .~ cop
per fJuboolorure ..2oZc.;ehelll.c, ;lV·OZiit mercurouschJ .Or i d ,e .. 3 oz.; steaelne, 1 oz. .AU tbe iQgredlents must be perJootly dl'Y~.ndflne enough to p~ througti '8 forty mesh&.lave... They 8hQuld be tlioroughly w~U mixedand t.lle oompOfutloD~·ehou1d oo·,kept in tlto.p,_pared bottles ready :tot'usa
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
POOR MANIS JAMES BOND Vol. 1 159 FIRE WOR KS . £ . : E)cPL 0S
the entire charge ~ once. This central space :1055.. Ohinesa Pira for Sky B.ocis called the soul of t'b.erockat, and the aoop- If t inch or 11ndar t ni tre, 1I parts ; ehation.,' o f th e i8 . - a r m n . . ~ . e .men~ I . · 9 n e e e . .' R B B r 1 . : ' - " . . . fm - 4 p.rtS· snlphur, 8 parts; east-imn bo1ar""" roekets, asp.eel~U " ' E P ' those, bavin •...beaVlT. ' fl' h dD ~ ~ a" .I' 4 .part8~ ,}{Li:~_~:Or = I '.,)~e~ . InC . aD '
pots. 2luohes bora. nltre 16 parts ~charcoal, 4 .2013. To Choke J'irewotk C".iI . J . . ~ . . . : : _. In tI .•h . ' ur, 4 · pa,'', ts ;..iron ~orlng~,·" .iiJ' p .' arts..
r·._B o o n cyliD.drieiJ. Hieee of wood. of tlte • m. G Id "Do ~ -..- I d .,.. .' . 58 jo·.o ' .'e n ..QI8.lD.. .B .L e a e F~)W
....... 1 18 tho th in. end o t t h " t , rod. used for eunees ; saltpetre, 1 pound; sulphur ~4 01
allinl 8 C a e 8 t is furni8~ed wlth 8 ., wi~j the braa~ fillngs, 1onnee; S&WdU8 t } 21 ouIIl iaku8B8 of wbich. must be tho Bame.lY the glEn ;s ptlwder.
t, 6 d.rooh~s~ . "
......." 'bora of the choke. Tho end Of the 11057. Silvs·r Bam.. lie,aled powv oil.nees ~ G altp etre, , 4 ounces ; sulphur, 1 o
. . A . 1-----------------0.- ... .. ; : - - - - - J deoi dust, f ounce.(.,.' ~ ~ ~-~~- 1 "'_ I IY I I "058- . -rr&u8dBta~ for :Rockets
_ _ . . : I , h..t,a. a.,hold bored . tn it to 1'00. rove th is · w i re ph u r, 6 ~n iue eo;; s n ~phate ?,f an timony ~.uu. ~ l;1li ~ CBS;. res ta., 4 ounce~. W.lth sparks . MIDOH ~1~ A is the rod on which the Cl\96 .i s to pow der, 1 eunee: 881t'P. ! t . ro, 101.Ul.00 t ~8~be rolled i0 t:h,a (lap of tho e~mfJ diameter 88 2 onnees . 0 ther roompb for &tan S"he end of the rod, ba'ving the wire inserted for roekat ~rnitnl"a ~w . i~, be found u . ndfirmly in its a·xi~. The .roa is tbored, as ~he head or " OolQt(lulFl~S. ~ (&e NQ . . 206&doUGd lines at B denooo1 to r eoewe the Wlrtlt B 0 5 9 1 1 1 ~o Prepare -Jauch P:rho outside (lotted l lnes w ,c 1ic ato ~ esse on Boa:k u.nglaze.d paiol· in n . . solution of nithe ro~1,cbok.e~ It N.. .Thl~. is. cffecte~ by vinepr or ~~rJl The Btro'D.~r the ~~Itr~tQhlng .• ~pICOO..of B~ng· eord, t\ t n n g l 1 0 the faster wiU lt burn, ·A ~od pl~ U I ,tum:of ~~o~ 19 vaseed ro~d~ t~e C~S8atN, it in . a weak solution, dry It, try It, anoom,r8a91~g. It 6r1 l 1 1y . .RInd ...l~~w.~ n .lJ~re.of b'd.lil9. tno al,owIy, make't}le solu.tion st~h8 ~~e Sl.OA~ ~bB~lro~etwee.nt~o rod and ad dip it apin to make It bum rB8ter~the c.p. In rolling iiieMil to be choked, tho . . .paper & bon ld be used in . piecea~ eaeh piece . l O E I f ! o t To ~a ~9k :llatob~~~-!~.... b . to ...... , l " ' : ~ " u t 3 ... : = - . . . .1. .oH!I.~6fi. ma:tQh Ii i mooe by l lDme;rti lDg lam,...·Wls..,..NG fUIDU!J . ma.a auu laW ~n~ 'iI . ·· 1 ti o f altpet .,with O O J . , d '
when ronedov:e~ th~..rodIrQDd tho .._c.bo.~~~g...i :Hni~~~ &&m ~ ~:datce::'&rd:~~dODO .(\or each ~IOOO nl roUedt When finIsh. :..~.1 '. "~.. T ' n s' -',', ,.,' t+...... ...... ,. .
e e l tho :rod i~ WIthdrawn, (rom the mouth Df me. p . o f t l _ u e r . . . 0 jg. ounces co ILIOD, WUi.
th~ case" and the cap And who [rom th o other pe~j ~l._POl1~d,;.tlIc~~o~,·2 qUlU't8j . ~waend. qWITts,. solution o r ls.mglass (1 euuee ~
. 806.4. .O D l D : P O ~ i . 1 ! i O D . f o r . . . . " B O O ." : - . , k ~ t a l o " . F... f pint), .3 pIlon. B .j !De.-.'l~ap.o~",d•.., ' : ' t 0 u n 4g ounce rockets :-141.1 54& parts. m~:re (-salt· 8081." Ine;rtiDauiahable' . . .petro); 18 parts sulphur, and 27:l of oharcoal, 4 ~ts dry· nitre, 2. JUnpowder, I chsmall i. : t iue 'p owde r ~ Sift. through InWD~ For and 1 sulphur, n.nd WJX them.;. then r am.. ounce rockets :-64'pa.rt:s nitr.e, lS - ,parts snl- compo .una into paper ~s 9 inches iIllephnr, and .2O parts· ehercoal, For Bounce to1ud o r tbo th~Gkne.~sof a common
;h:~:a~~~1~~~~t:~n:f~~eF~~:~!~t! r e :X : ~ :BhP i : : t i ~ h 9b~~~~e~Inch In dlA .mot er :..........6parts nlt.ra, 4 p,oria sul- match mns t be en t off to stay ~he fire,phn r, -:ad ? ps .'r ts c ha:r coM .. For l(o~kets Ii $ J o e . a M I'll) Jlak.e Roman Cand . le& .mohos In dlnmetor- use 1 part more nitre, a:m.1 cases for R om an ·can dles (LIe not chokedfo r s till la r gur rockets, another udd. i tional part wan _secured ,a t the bettom with claynitre. By using 1 pn.rt less obsecosl, and small charg.e of gunpowder is :first
adding re~PtJui '{ oly 3, 4., and . Gparts Bna steel d uced . then . a 8ter, follow cd by u chargfilinp, th e AUOV a~aro conver t~d in~. brilUan~' ,c0m.posit ion (see No. 20"63 ) ; th.es~are g"r~· o r , by uSIng C()MSe Iron f ihng~, ODd ram moo down, und tho anW!9 rou tme ofstill ies! charcoal, tbe.y become- Clt.tn~fJJ3fire~ powder, $.tar.. .nnd.·eompo s .i tion. is r~p·
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
the.eaaa is full. Lastly, prime I lDU close 1087.. Colored !'ir8I fOr 8~ &-c .ith touch paper. Tho stars are fist oylindcrB fta oampaun d ..9 ~y ~ put into 8m,&ll.pill-n paste conrpoaition, cut to fit thu bore of lto:leB, wi:tb • little. priuiiDg and BquiC~ matchease, and having tl holebored in theircen.. < _ N~" ~) attached to e&eli. If kept,
re to allow the. Iiru to pass through to tho lb8y_ ohOuld llB.PU~ Wbere.nod~ago eanh.ap-horge bebid th e m , Th0 stars wb~eh a r e pen in C 1 J B o · f tbmr eatchmg fire.
to· the mouth of the CRE6 should fit HI . S 1 O t1 & ~ . ltake Oolored Piiaa. Thettle tightly 1- and. p:rnduaUy a Iittl0more 10080,.. tOtIIJ:o,~g ~pts for tho ptf!paratibn of theseas they ",ra further from the mouth, rrhe ~tlve .aida In pyrotechmc and dramatiQ
h& r g6B of powder behind them should also Cl iaplaY1 nre Bmong the very best that areby degrees as their position is fur. known. ThceC" f i reD have in some theatres
her from tho mouth of tho. case. It 1 " 8 ·also been ooRisted t it-nut superseded, bv the calciumto, put a loo~8 wad of one th i~ku.c :s iJ Ugbt.i color beh~.g OOJnnliunie~dea by p .Ms ing
p ap e.r .) wIth a hole In the een~e, .ootween. thf) r~18 or light through colored glass. The·ach star and the gunpowder behind It unpleotS&nt smel~ of eolored fir~8 1S avoidsd,:2063. Oomp9-.ition for Boman Oan ... .aDdthe effects can be prolonged s.t pleasure,
M ix! pou n d m eal-powder, 2A pounds lnatewl D r lasting merely " fow momen ts ..and t. pound each sulphur and glass ~9~ ~Bluo Fire~ Mix 2 parts rn·.lgar
(red a ra8 lU.c),:3 pa rt s charcoal, 5,o.rts chlorate!W64. Colored Stars may be made 1 1 1 of lPltas~1 13 parts sulphur, and 17 paxu
Ally of the receipts for col~Icd firee, Ilitm~ of oaryt;a..0. solution ()f ieinglass, iounce; cam- 9070", .B&d~8Blue Fire.1! 1put char .6 ~UD.~; and alcohol, 9 ; OUD~~ ll.~o coal, "I part ~TpimeDt (yellDw 8uJphnre t of~y1.indnc~ (JAkes of the requistto f t l z e , anemo.), 16 parts black. sulphutet of antimo-
ll o hole in the centro of each, roll in J l 1 ~ t a r t s nitrtl, and Mllarts sulphur.and dry in the ·SUD. 'BeD.gaJ, or ~ue 8ianal LiRht,
:9085.. Colored Fires. Great osre is n .~at Sea. 1 part wnulphide of an.tTmu-in the' preparation of these com- ~y, 2 parts sulphur. and G parts dry nitrtt
ustibles. The Ingredients should bo sepa- (8H N . o . 2065.)reduced to p~wdor andsifted; then put. 9079 1
. lIengal Lig~tall ~s~bweil.N
well-e:ork·edt wlde-mouthed bottles nntil reoo~-~·l{~nd~ th! followmg mixtures ~ Dothe time for miring them for use. Oolored Btoducmf{ Injunous fn~es·: For red lights~ires. deteriorate l'-~pld.ly.by keeping) and nro parts wtmte of Btrontu~J 3 po.rts. shellac} .1!
all .:~angerfll1 l 1 1 . f . Inflammable; tbel p~ cblorate, of p~taBsa.. For green: ~ P B r ~ S1[\, thorefu~e~bo mised 1:13suon II.!; P _ O S S l - Dltrnte of b&Iyta. 3 parts of sb~llacI 11 parte
te - before ~.s~ng them, The ingr~entl -ehlo~ '!J0Wsu.. F~ blue .....8 parts am~.be pure arid .pc~fectly dryJ un!~m.ly momacal pha.te o~~p~er, 6.. parts ~hlorate
p~wd~IDll but ~ot so fino as to be dusty.. ot~~ ..!part of.8heU~. .Nltrate o f B tro n~ a~ alum; carbonate o t sod~,t . ,80'1~. .m~ ~ f a : - ; .Stace .Btl'ect.and ..other crystal~~should be g e n t l ; ¥ " hc ,at1 ;d m 15 parte Of. sulphur, l~ . ~ su lPha te . o f 1'0-u H'on, p~n u.ntlt. _they lo~c th~lr ~t~r 0·£ t~ 15 ,arlin-mm01:uu-sulvbat6 of c~pe~,rystll.lbzlI.tlOD and ernniblo into dry powder. !!.~ n~tro, and 28 purts t i l i . 1omte of
= I m .., _ T. 3C -A:n) C hI .t.e .~-.l-.Q.e b1P.!ll~ ~o .darlter or lighter by as-{&6 D J * 1 J 1 ftl1 t 1\ a t ~1;i~ ; . o~. .01 l?o~ ing or dpnmll~{; tho potuSft. and copper in-
s a . m l ls t be tmry Muuou8ly.handlcd. as It~. s rC d il,ln ts . '1 'b 18 Is Marchand'1I preps.ration.plode~ by .mude~atc- ~CtlOl1. Tho. req!li81te 8074. Karah~ Blue Fire" ]lis 7quantity of each lU·gred1an.t should b~ewmghed parts I1llphate of coppeT,24 sulphur, and 69~ndpl~Csd o~ !l cle.~ sbeet .of' whl"~. pa~~.r. ~ ~hlomto otpotassn..n.nd mixed lig~tly 'WIth a bonc,lmifu; ~e,. .8075. 7trarsh'sOrimsonFire fo r Pots.Day ~hen be more t~o~h11 mlsed 9,. lift. lOx 17 padB chlorate of potaSS8, 2 3 willowmg through A f ine .Wife setve. ~1, 90 ~8 sulphUr" and 210 panR1818. C o b _ ~ , . JltUJD,,,·tkm·~ DlQte of 8trotlti~
l'Iok tho eomp0uDd8 lishtl,. into amall cup. .aQ7~. Xanh"a 9rlm8Gn Fire fo.., pulL Star. and Boxea. Mix 11 paris charooal
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
POOR Ml\N j S JAMES BOND Vol t 1 161 FIRE~-iORKS s, EXPLdsI
22 Parts sulph nret or anti mony, '00. ehlerate pm cb~Bl; 20 cbalk, 20 p&t1.B 8ulpbu0'~ potassc, 72.~n.rts. sulphur, and 220 parts· parts chlorate of po~a; 32 pa.rtB DitrLmtra te · o . r strout-ulo. 9008. BoH Colond J1re._ 'rUe. 9077.~ MArolJand'a Pur:ple Orimson parts sulph~r,23dried ohloride of e . il J .e i lU DFire~ Mix: 16 parts 8~lphnrl 23 parts dry parts chlor~ta of potaua..ehelk, 61 pnrts·chlorate ofpotassa, ·13094., Pale Violet Pire~ TBk,o0078" G:fetm. Fire for Gh()~t Beene.. parts swphur, 16 parts alum,16 carbona
; Eq Jl!J l:_ 'p ar ts : e h ar eo al a ud n itr ate of" ~yta..+ potB3SR.. 5 4 par ts chlorate of po~
~2079. Bril1jani Green Fire" A m~~ 209ft. Dark. Violet Fire" Takrufi~nt green ..fire can be prepared by mixing, pllrts ato.m, 1.2..pa.rts ~a.rbonate of pota1888 parts ohlora:t9 of thallium,2 part,! calomel1 Pl1l"ts.~ulpbur~ ?O.~R~ts~"hlor& te.of ~~taBsan{ll_pad resin .. 2096. White Pire fOI"Theatre... T208041 Green Fire" Tak8·g~ metaIlic '2 ports cha.reoaJ~22 sulphur, 76 parte nitre
&l"Ben ic . 3' par ts charcoalJ!.5 pan s chlorate of . ~·2097. White Fire fOr p.~ ~ I$= ;. 13 J l. ~t8. Rulphu . ., 77 parts n i t r a o o . , . . . of T~C 00 partB nitre, 20 pang 81l1.phurt ~~..b. . , _ ThiS,.18 a b e a ~ t i l ' u l . '. fire, p a rt .' ~ . ;' . 1 c n J a r . Jy antimo.•.~yf 4 parts powifel'cd camphor, a p
"'=,~=::::::l;;: m~teJ. m;U8~d~.WhiW.~ f~10 parts ooracio ,Reid, 17 snJphut, aDd Take 2 5 partBJUDpowd~r, 36 ElllC filmgpart9 ohlo'rate, of potuM>i _. . p~ts.~1l1phnrf 93 par~ DItre... . .'
2089~ Greim .Pira far nutrktlt .',0099.,. Y~w :rl~ T~~~16partsTableaux.. Take 18 parte chlorate of pot..... ph~, 22 ~~~ dried, ,(~ No~Oti5) carbona22 p . , 'f r l ' t a . BUl~~ . r , 60 p ~ . ' . ' . . nitrate o r b&r]rta. SOd .& , . 6 .1. chlorate of potas".sa. ""... "1088. . * ht greeD PiN. Ilk 16 9100. . It&reh'B y~ ~ .Hi;
IN~tt& sulphur, V4earoonate of b8Q'ta, 60 padl p~ta. charcoal, 14~ parts dry (~ NQ~2c:hl.o.·ttLt~.of paws... . .. nl~~to of soo.a~39p~rts 8ulp.hur~ ' ..g08l~ Green:rIre tor Pot. or 8tan.t ..2101. ~Jr.~ti-ry~ ~ho.~~.,ttcrur
Take' parts. ch~, 7Bulph~t of anenicj, ~trong wapn. .8}llnt8 into ~ flat .dim, spn4 2 p a r t s , fi~ph ur, 93 p a r t . . B..chlora11e o f potao&, ~ome Bal t into It, .: ( U l d . . ~t It ~ l ! - .- .f ir e.o n a25(f pa.rts nitrate of baryta.. In perl'eeUy dlllk ,mom, t..lnng care~2081501 Lilac Fire far Paba. Tak'8 6 teet £he table from l~Ury.. ~ersoD8 B"..
parts black OXI(10 of copper, 20 .~ chalk, '25 rO llD ,d th e table win ap"p~ar o.ta ~~p~ sulphur; 49 pllrl8 chlor~te of pota:sEta~. pallo! -. ~n.~. by. ~ating. t81.Bins. dipped ~.1086., ~ ,Fire for Btara. Taka 3 ~lJrnlng Bplrlt, wll~. appear to ~t f!re.. .~
pa.rt,,· br~k O:l.idQ Of. copper; 2 ! J . p~ dried. tIns the~~outh qm~ kly on th ._ . a buming ~chalk, 25 parts sulphur, 6.:0(!bloratu Qf P.o~ extln~U1BheB thu1[l !~,sta;nt]J'. . ...11087. .Bed :rire. Jd1J:. 1~.patte ~.i: 11~9.Port.~ , T h e port ~
phur, ~ par t~ carbonate o - f strODtla, 61 parta for eM il on . 1 8 oompoaed . of 3 .puta~abchlorate: of potasaa, 'N-,aDd. 1 guDlIOlf'd.t, 1 P l ' 8 1 l m1:I:a d. '~088 . Bed,. Fire '.for, Stage Bfthot.. lM]l!led ~ oases. ~hesB are alIo uaefM.U~O .p~r~ chlorate.o~ p.otassa, :bl sulphur, l S J ! I U O l ~ . ' . ' . k& .. .' ... .. ".56 _ p ~ r t ~m tm ..te n f stmntla. Sll··.. Ii8nal LiRhta. Snob light2089. Omnp B.ed Pire. . Take 14 ~J com~lirs~ur and nitre,
?art8..~ulphDT,·34 ehalk, 52 parts chlorate o r as m a J 1 " q .
~an~l'ty 0 : ' m~......."c::!fhu,ret.lpotsssa, 600 ~DS nitre, 2 sulphur;.. 100 yeS09O. Purpl. Bed Fire. Sulphu.r, 16 lulpliaret of arsenic,. and ram it into mco
~artB! 23 plUta· chalk, 61. ~rts. chlorate of ,.per. eaee, When to~ehl)dlflth " n:powsa., ... . lr~ It dofi.8.G!lltes rapidly With a bnl2091.. ~ F~e., Tak~ I part. each wbi~ li~h~ Th~ sulplrnret of "antimony
of JR~p black t red n.rStmJ.q, & D . d nItro; 2 ,parta be 8U~3tltUtednr ~ t 0:' Mse:lllC. ~
,sDlphurj 5 pa~ ~hl('rEl!te.of pot.uaa, and 16 9104. . IndiaD. White. Fire S1Rpart~ ru~ nitrate; o r .,t~ntia. D 1 7 < _ N O f l 2065) nitre~ 2 4 PAriSi ~n1:ao92. PiDlt I'trefor the StaRe . Mix 1 ., parts; powdered c h a T O O a l ~ 1; or U1&t
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
e charcoal. 2 part$: red sulphuret of areenic.them in ti.m a te Iy in an 'ir on v .e sa el Emd
m the mixtur6 into thiCk paper oy ]jnd~rs of3 " inches in length t iy .1 in diameter t·~rekept in Hi'~ J ? W C 0 J : and when one
required to be used, It 18 set on clld" and a
Qf red..hot,eha.reoal placed up~n iL .. .8105. !:ron Sand tor :'ueworJu.to g ive oo,rmso& t i.ous in fireworks, is far
ltt8 1 ·tlio n ·ito n or ateel +filin.p.. It is madebeatine: oa,t s teel ·or i t : O D i~to gm&~ piecesan anvil. These are R dl.ed mto 4 .SlZeg~ the
le8t for the smallest pioo~ and viceTho oarrQ~tions produ·ced by these
e uc~eding11 b~li~t. The ,a8ndBhouldkept ID A (fry ptace m a well-closed, bottle,IADy r us t d amage s it. Fireworks containin,gshould , n ot bB m&fle vary· lonR. befO~8 usin~~
8108.. OpenFires.. The fonowlng artl ..le. nnd receipts, for open fires. tvaby Professor. ~ , an..:..d W.fl.qU(ltfi them ,from·tnei'Amer-
DmggtB~~ Clronlar":
.Amo.n..g ~homllny receipts £ . ~r open fires! bu.tdeserve to be r e commended , aud t~boon. 8electe.d~ The white and red £ires&haw" eloar, ·di~thu3t color, The green
generally p,nlo; and shows off ~only w~enurnt ofte.r a red~ A pure blue 1$ very dlfft..
to o bta in , TO e folio win ,g s bo uld ·b e ob-as general rules: Th'6 ingredients for
e fires are. dried ~lingly nt u . sligh tly' elevatedf inely poWde1ed, tuld preservedWG~-stop~~ed bo~tle~;~until. r e qu i red for
sa· Tho m~g . o f the ingredients is besterrorm ed on IIsheet o£ p.per by means c ,f a .
u,ndshould be dono v~ry c~mfnlly GQ " $. · 1 . . . . . . . . ~ t S · I " i . . , · . . ·
e ensure tl cGm~ .~~ JDlx:uro. ' ~ ~ 1 ' ~ ~ ~ : S "18 ~s t eases admlisl ble, while ulturatlng illmortar' is above all to be avoided. After
the powder is piled in · s mall heaps inpen vossels, for whieh purpose B mnU aowcr~
OTflowor ..~otdi81tc~.a_re w ( ) l _ 1 Bd~~.t~d~
t9p of these several plle~,- some gnnpo'W~i ! : l placed to fooilita.te the lighting. Tb Q
&lHls should be «nan ga-d,hI such A mannerthe flame may Illuminate 'tho iu tendedwithout beiug B een by tho epeotutora,
d1 s tr lb llti -- on of tho material iuto 0. glen. te rleu number of dishes i~ governed I),y c 1 r - '
A. great num ber of sm all flamesB eertaln q'lLnntity o C ·mixture generally
ive .. moro intenoo, but ·80 much shorter-light tha~ .tho same q uant ity di~trl'b.ut~{]
,larget ' portl~ns; beyond a . c er ta in limit,
1.62- FIREWO·R·KS & EXPLOSIVES
how~ver, even that iriteDJ3it,r is not matenallhoigh,tened bra few morn llghts, If the firis to ·cont inue for lome time, it must furth,ebe ooDslderea . that large quant it ies of the mi x
'klre C o r m . • correspondingly greater amounof a I a s s . . . which putty mar the e!'eeL It is
therefONj bUH~n BUCh cues tobum·. aDD'"bar of sm all· nhnirps sl . lCceuriveb' .al07~ White '~ T ho ,toU(Jwing. mix"
ture w e reenmmeud 81 ~ the very best £3.f whitelights , bein g unsurpassed in b rilli.a nc ,Y awpower by any other:
6 0 . 1 . tpetn~. 1 8 , pa'rta.J rmlpm.r,. 10 ~.bln.ck sulpht1Nt of antimony, 3, parb;- DumIime, 4 : . pa.rts. The sui phut Jt is used in thform of ti.OWf!l'8 pmy i01 JB1Y dr ied ; . ' tbo lim onot ~o b e BlBOk.ed'~but must be : f in~ ~wdered j It must be fresh, and be powd' ! l0cl imrueililltely. before use" All other ~l%tnres f-white flres have either .. bIw. tltlge nr 000
tain deleterieus ingredients, which rendethem at least 1 1 : 0 a m table: for indoor 'USe.. 0the iat.ter olass we wUl mention, only ODSaltpetro, 12 parts; .sulphur, , P.attsi auphi te of tin., 1 part, Tw.o Qtb.er mls . tuNS c 1
8erVfJmenti~n, th0~g~~.otequal to th~last.1.. ~altPetmJ ~48r - & n s , 8~pbu~ 131 parts
s ulp hld e o f Bodinm t 14 partS:l BOO
II. Saltpetre; 6t pa.rts; sulph ur, 21parts
g u : r 0 8 ~ e r i J ! : ; t e , Tho only mWl1nI tbe relied OD, though the l ight is not pnreJ .y bluebll.'t b~u~m:wh ite , .is tb r; followiu. - g : . Baltp~tre1'2 J}ms,; 8ulp1:t ur, 4 - parts; billek B tU phuret 0ontim-OIlY, 1part9109. Bed. :rire~ The' f(lllo~ mi
tura is the best in U9.0 j. its oompositio-n mabe ,ELlooredby varions admix tures :I ..Nitrote o f s ttr on ti a, 13parts·; sulpbur,
part; powder dust, 1 . . p'~rt. ~he latter ingrelUen t is ·.p repa .r .e d fr om n ~ e .gn~¥OWd6r;.m~bnp carefully In 8- mortar and tbe.n siftethrough a hair sieve, Another receipt i R : -II .. Nitrato ·of.atrontia, 24 parts; chlomt
of po .tl\S81 l;16 par ts ;. B teB~n.e~4.parts; powdeed ~oal, 1part" In uS!ugo~lof'a,to ofpotas1 3 : & the preeautu}nll givan mN~. ~124 must batri ,r; ; t ly observed, and all po und ing and rub
bing avoidc~.". ~.'III. Nitrate o f a tr on tin , 20pa.r ta ; eb~ora
of potassa, • pnJt~; sulphur, 5 parts; blacsulphuTet of antimony, 2 parts; powderecharcoal., 1 part, Gives & very strong Ugh
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
POOR MANt"S JAME·S BOND VOl. 1 163 FIRE~16RK·S s : EXPLO
:rho ni~t:at.c~f B~otlti.l\ for tbes.a fire~~ ns the 811'6, . Xed. Lig:h,ts. Nitrato ofBtrUlgrcd1(~uts r o . t aU. 0 them, .must be 'weU, but 2 5 p a rts ;. chlorate of pOtBSS8~ 15 pnrt~;c3reful~ dried .. (866: No . 2 _ ( l G t ? ~ . ) . . . . . . • phnr, 1~ IUlrtS}. blBCk sulphuret o r antlm. DI10~ Yellow;Fire. .Th19 color,. w.h:icb 4 pau.ts f mtLS~lC~~ 1 .part. 'iL '. '.
~svert Iittle llBC~~ IS produced by tho follow... 2117 '1/ . Pink Lights!! Chlor.o.to ~f._lUg' unx ~urc ~. Nltr~ t.e o f sodo,. 48 Plll't?;. sul- Btl,. 12 parts; Bl\~tpetreJ 5:p.a.rts; . Bn~r o~phur, lG pBil.rtS j black 6tdphul"et of .an t imoDY, "pf.Lrt~;' lycop~dlum~ 1 psrt ; oxaln;f.e of·4 parts; pow dered c haroQ FJJI 1 pnrt. tit), 1p\M "t~ ,
"111. Green I'ire.~ The :colmjng tn- .g.}18. Blue Lights. Chlorate ofgredieuts {or these ngbts ar e the f3_& ltso f ba.. s a . . . 3 parts ~ aulpf UT . . . 1 part ; Ql1JmOm
ryta. ~he 00101 " is gene-rally not very dee.p.. _ copperi 1art.I. Nitrato of bllrytllJ 45 parts; snJphur~ 10 S119.. Colored LiErhte 'without
parts j chloratll of p~t.asss, 20 patt~; calomel,. phu.r~For lDdoor nlilminSttioDS"
~ p~rt9·.lmnpblack1 1 part. . . , am ~ {or tho purl?ose~ 0 '£ Ii.glitin~ up. . n .N ltru.oo O ' f ~ , ~ P a r t s ; chlorata II!IllQ:VIvants, and COl' pnvat~thootncaJl!I.of p3ta~n~ 18P$~ts,. sulphur, ~,.pa:ta~., .'I 9100. White ~ht~ (Jblornto o1II. ChlorafQ.of buyta., 3 parts.. sulphur, ~ 12 part 'HI; saltp.e.tr~7 4 partu; sug
I part. ... '., _..' . ... .' ~ milk.. 4 : parts; lyoopodi.u 'm, 1 part; car b. IV I Chlorate or~rta, 24 pma, 8ta1ri1t, of baryta, 1 pal 't . .
3 p.L l.m ~ sugar of Ull1k·, 1~rt~ . . . 8191.. YeU-ow'~ht. Chloratey. O h 1 a :mte of bar7~ 3 parts} u.pr of taSSlL, 6 parts (or nitra,te of b.RryrolO ] 1
milk, 1 pa rt,. . . ...' . saltpetre,..6 pllrts; oxalate of soda, 5 p.8~la. Oolored Lbrhta. We derive t\l8 po'wdcred aheUoo, 3part8"
re~elp~ to r theso from .Clos.awe so~o ~ O te 2191'~ Green L·jght. Only nfier yoPen fire,. (8ee H i. o. 2~OO.)(Mo~ l i . P . " o~ red lights. O.hlorate or p . : o t n s . ·s£b.2, Eare formed by fiUfDI C{llnderB af ibID~tiQ& mtmte ol bary t&" 1art j sugar or m
~r of.about ~inoh In aiam~~r 'WIth~the PAlL . ~ '. . ~ ..'ams.tll l"BSI ~e l~ o~the OJJinae~ de~r- .9118. Bed LiBllt. NItrate of 8tr-mines the duration of tho light.. Tho MU:" 12 parts; chlorate· of petaasa, 0 pai"t.~.;
:,ut':~P:~ O i ~ ~ ~ ~ : w ~ n : : : : ~ ; : : ~f9 n t ~ 1~~~i! .nth;t t : o f C h l o:ley will then behard®.ough to ullow of tho of Pota •• L This ;mb$to.Dce shouldremova.l of the pa~eT, ~d m~y be fu~hel' be kept in s4mixtum with any inflammBtren,~ened br:' bm~g d!ppe4 ~~ or pmnted m~tter~, O S V O O 1 a U r , 8ulph}1r or ~phO"~pbo!tvor m:th_ mu~l . <I. ••• ~r g r l 1 : ! ? -am~c. The . cry1 - they ·o~~~ode 'Wlth terrific: vlolenco byi ;u 1e rs~ wb .en fi n Is ' 00, ore tlOO to t1?onp 'Per ~nd most 'tnvial csusee, and.n.ot nnfrequentlyof · s ,t iOK Sas tened .. in tb.e ,gronnd 'n ~nvertical tan 00 llsly • All pounding and rubl.dngpositioD. The mi:rtures Vaty Bssentially £tom be f1voided~those used for colored f i reB.IU8. White Lights. Saltpetre," 9195. Pfi; for p~ FI,
Parts... sulp bur. 1 Plrt t black 8ulpbuxet of of Oolored ' ht. Soalt. Qll'si:e(l pap, r t · tea i ·t f 4 . . . .r. bant imony. 1part. en mmn .S.8 In. 0.ml:l ~-ura0' . par~, ..._
9114. ' y~ Ligbt.. I~ Black. RUl- 8~~~ oil. of vitriol,.·aD.d,.5 pu.rta flt~Ug f
pharet ·of antimony,." 9 pa~; ohlorate .o f po.~ ~tno nrud; wah out .thtTrou~hly In WMtassa. < I pa.rts; sulphur. 2 parts; oxGla.toof tilled. water, and dry It thown~hl:r at.!Iosoda, 1 part.. .' ~eat.. The_paper thus prepared 19 annIL Sutp·stre,.l40 parts; 8ulph~; 4Uparts; its prope:tie~to gnn oo.tton~. and A8
O~t~~f~.~.q~~am¥~I~~~r~t~!~a~I~. g~~ i n : ::at:d.a~:ba~ttI; 2 parts, mtm of b~yt&, 3 parts, bnUiant lash
land leavo n.~ ~tible
sulphur, 1 pnr~ . " . Tho color ia ~.ven by SAturating the ~wpII. Chlorate of POta.sSIb, go -parte; mtrate in the one o r the solutions given Wow
•o f ba.ryta, 21 parts i eu,lpbn r t 11parte. then drying it.
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
OOR .MAN IS ..A.MES BOND Vol. 1 154 FIREWORKS & EXPLnSIVE. .-
A solution of chiomte o r strnnti1(iD] lDak,u eurpetlng, in short, nny material which wio Bash ,a ,~rig1; ltcrimson ....Chlor~te ot b&r l :nm, exclude tho ,v.j 1 " from tho 1.i rc~ Na o..ttcUljl
Nitrate of pctasst um , 'vl(Jleta Chlor.. should }la' urado to remove tho eovenng fote of cO-PP Cl",J l u c 1 ! Any ODO, of~t~o foregoing s0l!.i'~ '~~lmQ[lf~er tho f i,aIDc has been. o x t i nhlorates ~a'y be prepared h~ ;nuxmg a WMlD. gnished, Tbo pIneo should aftenv~rd be thorolution of the C01Tcsponi l ing ohloride with an onghly waaJ::ed 1 . > y :1 powerful je t of wate
valent qnnntity of a warm. 80lutinn of fo rC9d upon It..0r ,potMsn; the llteeipi.t8)to, fmmed
ill. be chloride ,ofJ)~SBFn1tl~, ll-?d,th~ clearpoured o f f , will be the destrcd chlorate"E lc II!
be used for BD.tnmtin;g the gun-paper ~ " xp OS!veS. TWa is 0. genera21M.. J.panMeXatcb .... LWDP ~aokJ1 _ ,... ' "~nn [0,1+ n.~ Bu'bst~ccs which 0~plod
d o 8 ; ! S f : \ ~ f sr:~r~:r1i!d~=~~~c~~~~~O&~.~~~~I~~n~~~h
~:~~hl}!~~~if:~i;:~ ~~ ;~C~f~\,;!~6:1~'~rip~~'c~j form it into dice, with 0. knife or Vlolenoa. by ldight heat" ulcti.On, or CQUC1ll810D
: lL b ou t , inch aquare ; let them dry 1181. 1'\11'ra~iD.tin• .Al!-ttm~y. G~dgrn.uunlly on a wnrm mantel- piece, not, weD tOlQtll8f l~ parts 01dried tartar emeticncar 3- fire,. When dry, fix uno of tho'lit,- im d 3 ,~lIirtsof ~~blac1r, or c'hare~al p0!ider;squar.es in a SDla.B cleft inade at th o cud o r then ~e a crucible capa.hle, of h()~dlIl.8stalk of broom ·,c,?m. Lig~ t tho material ~,t ~~oeB, of water~ and ha :nD$ rro~d l.ts ,edgomdle, ,hold tho, stern downward, and aWaIt amooth~andmb~~d ~e mSlde with pO,!der.edo result, .After the first blazing o~.a luill ch&r~aIJI'! fill It WIth tnl) abpve I ID-¥turemolten J{Lvn will form, from which the eover It with J ; . I . lsyer of ohareoal powd~
eorruscations will Boon appea r.. lute on the ,c ov~ r.. Expoeo it ro r 3 hours t,21,27" la~e.E!6 Firework' Kixture.. a strong h ea t" ill & ,l'e,vBrb ~r ~~ ry fu n;m c e, anln~l pulrcnze~ nltlr~to of,potttssa,10 pnrt-si when ta.ken out, le~It ~tt\Ddto 0001 for 6 or
flowers of sulphur, 30 parts.; powdered hours ~m removmg ~ts COD~ntlsJ to preven
copoilil1m, 12 ~'J; ~cst ,Qnd,ycry light an explosion. The,cll1Clul~o being-now op,et ;eUpblaek, 8 parts. ItTom 1~ to 2 : graina of the conteu.ts muse be h-!lStl1y tr&nsfelToo IWI thpowa.,cr nrc : 's u.ffic ien t ('or usa packed in {)U~ breaking, ,to a ,wld~-monthe~ .stoppere
trips of suitable paper, phial. ' ~hen! n.ftersome ~t.lm.e, it".W1117c~mb" ~,.' , down 1nto O i powder of Itself 0 r ': Tn turat,.21,28.; Colored Flame~ ... Tho fI~c, of together; very careru~y~ 100 parts autimony
holm,ay ,b?colorcd by lmXlng~crtnins~lta 15 parts carburett,cd (ro3s~d to blacknessthOSllll'lt. A green ~color:18 ,~,v.cn by cream of tartar, WlU 12 partt'l lampblack j pr
COprl~r, or .bOTIlCIC ~cld. Rc~, by Be-I'Ve it in phials.. When the above processe,~~~atof ,6tr~ut~~', ,lll:~rnto of 1,ron},or nrtmta are ~roperly ~onducted, the l"eBultin' pewdeIhno, Yellow, liy Illtr.nto of 8 0 4 3 , . &0. (uJmluate violeutlV' Oft '. t· "t' ,,~th' .....nlAQ B k~· .' ~, ;J ...... COD, ac WI" wa~
~ ~" "jQ .. it ' ' , .~' ...~ . .m·ue" Truo, Greek firo ~B It is to the peeaenee of the ''rery infla.mmab
"J l "s~}ul,hl~bly' .oombllstiblo composi- me.tElllpotasUu,m that th~y owe 'thi$ property.~n J OODs~s t~ng 0,1S~IIJ!Illr ~d phOBphu~'I Auo~beT com pouil{l" m ade: w ith 60 psrts
'{I'CU 1n tho hisnlphide of carbon, to W Rich carburetted cream of tartar 120bismuth an.. II . 1·1· ...~1d... + h I r ';I. , d .., ,y some nnnera 01 1.8 auc eu, WIt ,0 mtre, treatc' RS,aboVfJ. contains nn a.U
ho" viu~ of in~!'c~h~g its incondiary ~owcrs. :v er .v :r leh i n po~s.siu_m, A piece the si10 ofhen the Ilquttll1iJ thrown on ,any surface ex- pea mtroduced mt.o 0. mass of gunpowder 0
to' th o a1r tho solvon t eva pora tes, leav _ plQd 8S" it on being thrown into water ~g IIru m of tho phosphorus or sulphide of Dlala Fulmin&ting Gold .. D issolv
wh!ch then , inBom~~B 8~:O~t&- ,old ,.in aqua reg~& ~mtldc ~1, diasolviua-Tho proper mode of eztiagniahing ounces B~l ammon18;O 'In l~ or 16 GUnee5,m tn
Il tiro is to thro \7 dam p sand, ash es.~SllW- acid), and preci pi tate ~ Ith lL solutiou ,of caust; lime t or nuy powder , 1Vot fj~kin.g or bonate of pOW,Sill. Pulmin a.'ting gold shou
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
be made in very amall quantities at a. time, tos.v:oid risk, as ~ithout grea~ e~re it explodesWIth extreme V1ulence . . This IS caused by thealigh teEt friction or B udd -en ierense of' heat..I ta fulm inati ng property may be destrol&i byboirng it in pearleah lye, or oil of vitriol;and by b~ating tbe powder a~er washing it inwater, pure gold w .H I b e obtained.
9138.. Fulmi.natingSUver.. Digese cx-jde of silver (recently precipitated, and driedby pres sTI1"e be tween bibulo us paper) in . con-centrated liquor of ammonia for 12 or IGhours, pour off the liquid, and CAutiously drytb e 1 . J . ] aek powder in the air. The decan te aammonia, when g~ntly heated, yields, onoooli ng, small crystals, which poeeess a 8tillmore f'ttrmidablc power of detonation, and"\rill RCtll'Ce!y bear touehin g, even while underthe liquid.. This compound is exploded bl~be 8 1 ihtest friction or pereussi on, and should
therefore be only made in very.small quanti-ties at a time, and handled with great eention,~tR explosive powers are tremendous.; iD:r~t,It can hardly be handled with.safety, even inthe m ois t state. .Ma .ny- frightful accidentshave hap paned from the spontaneous explo-sion of thia 5ubstance, ~t most 1 or 2 . grains~an be e~plod~ with wety at one time.2134. Fulminating Kercu!y. Dis..
-solve by 0. g..entle heat 1~ ,art~~ by wei~ht,of merc:nrl in 100 parts nitric acid o r specrficgral1ity 1:~4 and when the solution has so-gnir~ 8 temperature or- 1300. F.ahr .., slowlypour It through ill gla.ss funnel tube into ~Oparts alcohol of speeiflo gra·vi ty .830.. .A~soon as the effervescen.ce is over and white·fumes ~.l\SO to rise", filter it through doublepaper, wash with cold wat8l', and dry bysteam (not, hotter than 1110) or hot. " ...This is. the formula of Dr" Ure..·8Ild uk1 "to bethe cbeapest and aafest~ If parts b J ' Dl888QrIbe adopted, the above proportions Will ha. (orl~ ,Parb?, bym~ure, of mercury, 1(0 putl
mtnc acid, an d .830parts alcoho],2135. pulminAting CopPQr~ Di~cnppe~, in powder or f il ings . ."lib fulm in ate ofmel,'9nty or 01 ..Uver, ~and0. little water. nforms soluble green ·cry~ thatexplnde withtlgreen . f lame.2138,,· Fulmitlatins. Powder. Powder
separately 3 parte. nit~, ~ parts dry (8N1 No,.2(65) carbonate of-pntash, and· ~ flowers o ranlphur ; mix them together carefully. If 20
165 FIREWORKS &. EXPLOSI
grainR of this oom1?oun~· arc slowly heateda shovel over the fire, It melts and becobrown, cxplt'Jiling with Q. loud report..2137" lTew Ezploaive. ComPO\
B. G. Amend has obs0.rved that glyceJ?li~eclwith e~stallized perD.~ll;Dg~B~ ofposa.In lL mortar spontaneously de~ateB..2188. ,!.riming for Perc~ion C
To mak 0 thIS compound 100 grmns of ClIQ.ting mercury are tritnrnted with a woomuller on marble, with 30 grains of ,..at«60 grains 01 gunpowder. Thi·si~8nfBclen400·caps. . Dr. Urn recommends n solutiogum mastich in turpentine ~e fI, mediumattachin,g tho fulmin ate to tho'cap.2139 •. P~ioD l"elIetB. Mix e
parts of tho chlorate of"pob~ssa ond sulpbof antimony 'With liquid gum, so as to fopaste. Wilen dry it ma~ be formed In tolets, and. used a8 pereussmn powder for gTbis composition; placed on the ends ofspclipped ~n 6ulpbnr, .pred ucea fric tion m DiThiB mixture maT also b e ~mpl.uyed foroussion caps, o~y wi thou t tbc go.m ; thesubstances, mixed together dryJ. nre fointo th.~ c.a.~s,Gnu 0. drop of v.amieh d,epoon thErlnStdc surface of eaeh, A :mIxtutho fulminate or mercury t ~lorate of potMand sulphur", however, is more commused for linin g pereu ssion caps.
_ 9140. T o )lakeG~powder. Pulw. separately;, 76
parts nitrateof
pot.us&sulphur, and 13 fr~sbly burned cbarcoal)mix them with n little water, so as to focake When, rolled out on a board. This isdried on a clean sheet of J!aper placedwarm situation, and afterwards crumbled~ainB. l~ wiU fom:t ungi~etl gUnpowr~.opulvenge~ j~fSFedl~ts, thorol1ghly·m!xwithout th.8 additioncf ~y water, eonstwhat is called ~~ll)9wt¥r; thia may almad? .by pu~venzlng fr~lned gu~pow.d~~can tJ ously m tL moi tBI t or with a mu
("SecPo"_ihyriza t i fJ1I, No. ~,)2141. To Prepare Gun-Cotton.simplest way consists in : immeraing, foraeconds, well -carded cottun in n . mi xtnequal IHuts , by volum e, of oil of vitrioQpecmc ~vity L84~; W l P . nitrio aQid ofeffie graVity of 1.500.. The cotton, when~tu~ted.f i ·to be removed and equeeserepel the excess- of ~id, IlIld.tb~1;lwe~l wed in clean cold water, until tbe wate
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
OR MAN IS "TAt'1ES BOND Vol ~ 1 156 FIREWORK·S & EXPLOSIVES
reddens litmn~ pa~er. It ta then dried 2146. To Make Bl~~inE PQwder~a heat ~not . .e.z:ceedmg' 212°. A lower t em- Reduce ~parately to powder, 2 parts chlorate
erature )'s still Ia.(er. The cotton th~8 pre- of potassa and 1 part red sulphur et: o r nrsemc:~xplode8 well, _but .dooa ~ot dl~80:l~8 mix 'Very light1y together. Or ~-Powderm ether. U ! l G . e r COUodltJtl will 1 M aeparateJy, 5 par~ chlurate or potassR, 2 \lana
. other preparations of Gun..Cotton.. red B'ulphure't of arsenic, end 1part ferroe yan'~81_ 1I~~~~ "Thi ! uan oily, id e o f - po ta s& jum (p r:? ss ia te ~f _POWBIL); mi.xwr J . . .Wlth a H P e c i . f i . C I!&Vlty of 1.,,00. ~u!ly. Or :~)[1J: . carefully, as berore,.
t baa no·ame:1J, but" taata which a . t fint is after ha,ving ~arately Nduccd to powder;;. ~ but, ~ becomes punge~J likepep~T; equ~ PBn:s chlomte ofpot8s$& nnd ferroeyanideaoluble In etner and methyll(~ alcehol, but of~taSSlum. .ot itl water;, but the presence of water di- 111481:. Parlor or Congreve Match...iwsb.,s the risk of explosion.. I t begins to l?is801v·a16,-Arts gum-arabie in t~e l~~st J;los-
8t 3650Fabr. It bl)S:been found tilble quantity of water t Ilnd nux with 1t 9pure.nit,m..~~ycm..ne, d ropped up~n n.thor- parts. pbosphorus ..in .powuer (sec No. 43:3tl) ;y.red h~tl!Un,B.SSl)D:l~Ba spheroidal state then ~d ~~ parts lU~a (8a1t~etre:)t. and 16
f 1 a s b : e s off into 'lapor inhe same way as parts of clthe! v~!Wlbon (reil ..ulphuret of
but if the iron It'iDot red lh:t mercnry), or 111nOJ:.ldo (black oxtde) of man-y.~ot en ough t o . C&1:1seho DitI'o.~lycerill.~ C'Re. aud f~ th~ whole into n . paste, Diplunl suddenly_ . a frightful ex,ploslon tnkes ma.tches m o o thls pnsto, and then le t them
lsee. T~e ~xplosion of a single drop ~n this ~ry. When -q.~te dry they are to b~ uippedWl11cause serloua damage. ThIS dan- Into a ~6ry dllute copal or lac varnish, andC?19pound Nqn~~ most ca.re~ulhand- ag&i~.dned; bst?is ~ean~·tht.Y are less likely
a all~h t f!,hnck ~ometim e'~ ex p L n d l1 1 ,g 1 t. to ~frer from da J ! l p weather.. ..2148. To P~ep~B~ Nl~lyQe~e.. 1147. Cheap +P~lor Xatche jI Ax 100 p art d . fum1:ng ~ltrlc. a c i d a tL o a B a'owe If'b la pe r p as te ..for d i P ~ l D I t may be. made by
2 00 pa1't.~ sul pburie &C1d ; .Wheu eool, add ... ,kll11 6 parta ;1110 for 2 4 hcn ra m. .. I1·tUf ! parte glyceriDe. slowly, allowing ii.o water, and liquefied b" rnb~1 ib a " ....nci le do.wn the ·flldeMof tho vessel, The mortar j .. parts· pb06phorus a re llQt lidded
llo or in e ~ i!l re~ai~ on the su.rf!WG 'for hOl}-ts at a h.eat nut e.xceed~~ 16(f.l Fahr.;·. ~en addth on t m iJ :IDg4 Stir .t~~ glsccnnc 8.Il:~ lLCuls ]0 ~~ finely powd~r.ed !altp.etre~ ~d laaU,a glass rod for 10 seconds, ponr It '~nW5 pa.rts re(\'l~ and 2 parts BlDalt8 are mbed.
0 times its volume of water, and the uitro- in...th., whole being formed into a uniformly~e will be · i n f . 1 ~ 8 . 1 1 t l y precipitat~c1 to the P ! i B t c . 'I'lle .n : :a tchQB~.Ore di'FOO; dried, 1 1 8 1 '
t nr 7 u par tfC , o r don bl e th e am 0nnt of n18he~, Bnd dned agam, BS before.employed. It must be repeatedly 2148" To Ilua ltIatche Without·
wit.h water, aud" then ·rmtumted with !3~~hur. To ·obyiate th e use a£sulpbur t ' o Jr i.c a rboJ :ls te o f ~ .oda ur l ime, igmtmg the wood of the match J tlle ends o2144. Blaating Powden.. Netther the matches arc first slightly charred by rub
resh nor sal t "W a .tel has any injuIious effec t bin g th em ngain $t ~ red hot ion plate)1 and. ~l&sting p~wt1ers;.. they need only to .be ~hen di.l?pe~ int~ as mll.c~ w~ita wax}' melte4
to regal n ·thelf eI ploaf ve character ~ ID a SUItable vessel t n.sWIU cover tho bottomrbeir e.m-ittWg but little smoke renders thew about i inch in depth, Or they may beseful ~n upder~rou ~d op?rations. and the] r dipp~d into camphora tt:d spiri t. '9r into apIOslve· force IS olgbt tunes t.ba.t of gun- sohition of 1ounce Yenicc turpentine and
They e~pl~Klew~th extreme fa.ci!itYJ o~nco c~phtJ~, in * ' pi~t oil of .tmp.~tine;by ooutaet with 8 strong acid, n shght· With a little gum..benaoin and clLSCBnlla b
temperature, or the sligbtest f~c- 'way of. perfume. .Afte.r any ~~ ·the abo.v+ I] ] preps 11.ngthem, therefore, exces s ] ve prep a ra tiona th e matches are l "sady fo r d I P '
recB:utiun!s necessary, (lspecia~ly in mixing pin,; in the llhos~bQrus paste ..ingredients, A s t raw, :shghtly we:tted 2149'. BubBtitute for Luclferllatchel.aiIor .Yitti~l, ft.l?plie(lto a small heap ~f)flbe ~hc d·.,ngers luiiji~g fro~ the universal Bd~p
WIll c au se JUtottaDtaneollS C .lplO& lon . tton ·of the common Iueifer match bave m
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
POOR 'MANIS JAMES BOND Vo 1. 1 167 -FIREWORKS & EXPLOS
(!uced chemrst s to seek 6subs titu·w rotit~ 1(•. tb~t i t ~ttra.Ctg..moisture tot) ca1d.~y,l'eltzer has recend,y proposed a compound 2160. Mixturea for Katchealtwhic~. is ob~~i~ed In.. tho shape vt a violet .sulphur dipa: Phosphorus, 3 P:BI"ts; 8.pow der , 1 1y ml~ mg togetb er equu vol runes of part B ; .~andr L part; 1ucorpora t e d _ .below.~nllltiollS, o r ·s u] p'l; 'lltO .!lf c op per, o ~n e o f w hi:c h Fallr ..,with 10 parts of "atel"~ Ort; phoIS supersaturated wlth Bmmo~ an·a the ,·us,.·5 lUirts~.nue mana , 4 parts i rell ocother w ith .' hy.posulp~ite ?f.soaQ~ A mixtura p . n t . : · t «(~r, 1Jlt~amarillc)J ~ p'art; . gnm~~aof chlorate ~f potash and the "bote ~owdet pn.rts, InG Junts of water (Ofi.4 p~~tB IJ
w in ·ca t.ch fire by percuss ion o·r , robbmg; it In 9 .par~Bo f w t\ ~r )~ .For ~~~ di.~8:lJuIJls, like gun 'powder -. and leaves n . black pherus I• p~t~, brown OX]d~ of . 1 0 0 0 _ , 2residue. }d. Vlederbold proposes a lnixtfi~ turpentine, t part, s o . f t e n e 9 m3 partst"fhyposulphite of Ie-all, or .baryta, or cbl~rate ID~tea~ of the '-!rown Q;~d!t ~P~.of potash, {or ma.t.ches wlthout ph~ho,rn8. lead stirred IIp Wlth !Mt Ot ru.trio a o 1 dThe onIj ineonvenience of tb is com pound ia be. used,
F"m!lwork·MI.: I i : t ·LH8·, Japane so ~ .. , . , . . ,2127' M ate"e:! , CO fl.g re 1 t8 . , . , • , . , . , . , . , _ . 2 : 1 . t ! 1e Rom,EUli Candles~ SHin, te r . , , . :2F ~reWQ.irkl· , .... - - • • , . , .,. , 2 0 4 E J " ' ' ' ' . . .~ i ll ' " " . .. .¥.J a '" 'o ;o " '" 21 "'i.tl R·,n.... C .........r . . .d F L r . . . .
- - 'I 13 p....I f ! I ' - . I ! L . . . . llu ..... - ~1Ii!II1~'Ii!I ' 1 1 1 1 '1.1 • r .. r 'I P • I 11 .. ! I r .. ~u va' r .. !. .J' U G r ~ •. I • I • I r _ I _ 'I
Fu 1m I nat ~ngAn hm o ny . , 21 "J1 iiI " ' t o ! ' " I;.AI ;; ! p .! lo fL " "f ">l·.tJ:l,To ,.....Io " 9...9.iIII... I .... F-lf'..W" "' .. Ii..... , . •, • - - - 'I ,r - I • I I . . " ~ 1 ' If I 1I : : Ii . . .. . f11ii1y I .....~.... I I I • • I r .... I ... I • I II I .... lII :. .,u . ' 1.iiI !ll. tI -1r!ll r.-' _:1 ~ ....... ~ l'IP....cII • I ....
IF1I1mj rUilt illn COl'p . . .. . r . , ~1-35 1< 1 "'t"'l;. ;!I." S'u....'tl tu 1," ror ~1 olinVJol"'r F ' - r · "" P . ! I'" ., I - I r - I• I..- --C . m..... ".! ~ ~~ ~ I ulll Eli - 1 . 1 1 .. _ .. .. _ I _...__ .._£. ~1JI I·... . • Q I • _'I _ I _ • _"I I _ r I _ I I I
F'ulm inaUng Gold -, - , .. , . , . .... _ . 2 ·132 Matcn'es wHho~t Sulphur __. _, , _2148 WM' \& F~re ., ~ , .. , • , .. _.2008, 2F o~m I n a . U n g M.rcunJ .,.,., ~, __.. , . 2 1 3 4 N Ilr·....;r.II~-fln"... . ............. 1 " 1 1 1. . . . .'1 1 W . .. .!'."'l,' J . . . . n...., '.. , .• ~ . "...-~ .z~ 'iii I .. I - I .. I - I ..... , •.,....:• .iIi.-,-a 131_w " ..~ ~.Jial I rl I •• _ I - I r I I I I • I
F ulrn Ina! In g Pow~-&r - - ••.. , . , ... < _ , • . 2 13! Orange' Fire , . 2009 Wh ~te lig Ms to r ln (;!lOOfS~ulmlnatl'1:O SitVt8f , . , , • , .' - - - - - . - , .. 2133 Paper for pn>d~~i~'~ F'~~h~~f· ... ' . ,.,. , ... - . -
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
OOR N..ANt S JAMES BOND Vol. 1 168 FIREWOf?_KS & E~Pt.{)SIV
INDEX87)------------- ........-
The 'I'echno-Chemieal Receipt Book 1896
FIBEWORUI
Bengal Light,. Besldes the.eombua-tible and.eoloring components the fire..works known under this na .m~ contain
which, by yielding oxygen,~d eombustlon. ~he principal ingre-ients used for th IS purpose a~e eh ~r·oal, Iampblack, sulphur, stearine, 11n~seed .0111 ' eoloJ?h.on y, s ng a r~ e t c . . Forcoloring the Iig~ts the. follo\VlnB. sub-
are made use of ~Sulphide ofntimony, arsenical sulphides, nitratef· barium, nitrate of strontium; sul ..hate of potassium" carbonate of'sodmmupric oxide. boracic acid, chlorate ' i J
saltpetre, etc. In prepar~ngolored lights the greatest attentionhould be paid to the absolute purityf the ingredients used, and that they&re powdered as finely as possible and
intimately mixed with a spatulafter pulverlsation, Eve.ry mIxtureontainin_.g chlorate of P?tassium muste treated and handled WIth the utmost
d iii h ,.,are. a n caution, aa suer mixtures areliable to spon tan eous ign ition an d evento ezplosion, .Fo; preparIng· a veryI i · n . e powder of It, It 18 best to allow asup~rsaturated hot solution o.f chlorateof potasslum to bec om e eold, Witll con-
stant stirring, when the salt will b~paratt:~ .inthe form ..of a ve~y fincl1stallized flour, which should bdried without e~sing it to direct heatTo secure uniformity the ready mixtures shou ld be s i f t e a ~ It is adv i sab lto ~usedry materials 0111y in manufaet -1l:~ng them, no~ to prepare large q usntities at one time, and to store themi~turea, in.a dry placc-in hermeticallycltw_ivessels~ ,
~ C o) .ored ~I igh te ~re b·~st.11S~rt.by p'~, .ing the mlx~~ul~Cmto eases (~artrld~s)D~ paJ>!3r tWIce as long 88 "Wide 004 19ruti.na: It ~[l}eans of & quiek match,Quick .J[a!#u8 are made of 4 parta· o
S&l~et reJ 2 of gunpowder, 2 of charcoaland 1of sulphur. Quick matches madeof this composition never miss fire andare not extingulahed by rain or wind,
White Fire. This excellent . light
on accoun t of its brilliant whiteness, iespecially adapted. for nigh~ signallingand also for festive occasions. It iproduced by mixing 24 parts of .saltpetre, 7 of flowers of sulphur, and 2 orealgar.In.mixing the saltpetre with the f low
era of sulphur sulphurous vapors ardeveloped which form moist lumps ithe mass. To secure a good ignitlon
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
Jle~--e~~ry to d~y itthor?u ~hI Y~na~, i~on'tan, with gentle 'heat, as, if this preeau-tion is neglected, :it frequently missesfire or i~~ites and then goes oU.t.. Themixture IS cheaper than gunpowder, as,J lebor I ...·d·· '. ·ess a . or IS require ]D preparing It
and very little danger incurre-d.MohT~ 8 White Fire . , which is veryeffeeti ve and scarcely ever misses fi re ~Is eompcsed of 24 p.arts. of saltpetre, 7of aulphur, and 1 of fine charcoal" The
chareoal ~increase's the lnftam mabil iYof the MIxture and shortens the lengthof time during which the light burns ,but adds to its Intensity, It is not per-missible. to . use a larger amount of char ..
coal than that given, as the compositlonwould then' approach thatof'guupowder.'Whi te Pire /01'" Tlteatres, etc. 1 4
Forty4leigh~ _pa rt.s o f s;altpetre,. ~3.25ofstllph~r; 7.25 of sulphl~eof antimony.ITt Twelve parts. of saltpetre, 4 of
sulphur, 1of sulphide of sodium. ,III" Sixteen parts of .saltJletrel ~2 of
mealed powder, 12 of east-Iron n.lulgs,8 of' powdered charcoal ..IV.. One part of charcoal! p Of . ' . sul ..
phur J 7 of s.altpetre· 1of enro rate 0f'potassium, 4 of .gulphide of an tim'ony",.v. Thirty-two parts of saltpetre, 1 " 2
o f 8 ulph ur ,_B . of sulphide of sod ium , 1o f _ gunpowder'. ,VI. One hundred to 1.33 parts of
pulverized antimony, 4$ to '206 of pul-verized sulphur, 375.to 500 of saltpetre ...VII" Sixty..four parts of pulverized
saltpetre, 21 of pu.l ver i z ed sulphur, 1 5
of gunpowder.VIII .. One hundred parts of potas-
!~':~j1~f~il~fn:!~~~~f' ann·1 1 { . Eleven PAr ts of chlorate of potas-
sium, 4 : ~f nitrate of p .Q ta aa l1 !m ., 1ofste&rine, 1 of carbonate. of barium, 5 ofmilk sugar.
169
X" Forty~:6.ve pacta of sulphideantimony, -1"5 of washed flowers ?fphur, 96 of tsal~etre, 15 of, stearmeT~e -steartne IS·e'.lther grated. or c
shavlngs and then rubbed wish spulverized ~altp'etre into:Mfin~ a pder as possible. The. other ,o~der
igredien 18 are then mixed with Itthe mixture passed through 8
Greenish..-wllik Fi.re t I. Two fof suiphur, 1 of oxide of zinc. 2 ophide of antimony, 1of powdered ccoal"
. 'II~ Fifty pa.rte ofsaltpet~, 25 ofphur, 5. of sulphide of antimony,0.,5 of alum,Blui8h·whit~Fire. Uhden. has m
experimenta in r-egard to the avslleity of sulphide of cadmium for Ptechnic purposes. In the fol.lo
mixture the sulphide of cadmium bwith a brilliant white flame surrounwith a magnificent blue border:
2 0 parts of saltpetre) 4 of sulphidecadmium, 5 of sulphur rand 1of puized charcoal. This mixture maused for fire ..balls. .RfJd Fire. I~Forty parts of ni
of strontium, 15 of sulphur, 5 of
ra¥i~Wft~~!~:'t n : h ~ o ~ ~ hslum, 50 o f nitraie., of. strontium}c~a. rco.-".al,,,an. d ~ 8. uffleient q . u a . n . ~tlinseed 011 to knead the masstogethR ed Fire acoor ,diug to Brat I ! 'n8C~
er, Nine parts of nitrate of stronti3 of shellac 1... of chlorate of psium, The shellac need only be coapowdered, The above, 3 ml-xtnrered fire p~ess the advantage o
· t · . : : . . . .~ . . demitung lDJurl01:U' vapo rs, an ,.therefore be used in rooms, etc,
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
OR. MA1P S JAMES BO:ND ;"/01., 1 1 70· .FIREWOR KS s : EXPL OS IT,lE
Holtzfs Red Fire, which was so m uch IV. Seven hundred and fifty parts 'ofin Berlin during the festivities in carbonate of strontium, 500 of purffied
elebration of thf! victories in the sulphur, 1750 of chlorate of potassium.rencb war, contains no chlorate of V 4 I Rub fiDe and mix 195 parts .of
oil .imply oom~ed o . f nitrate of strontium, 45 of chlorate of
part Q f shellac and 4 of nitrate of potassium} 45 of washed flowers of 5u1trontitum. The a~nce.o! chlorate. of. phur, 7.5 o~ powdered charcoal, andotassium makes I.t possible to store 2 2 j ! 5 ' of stearme.uch mi~tur~s without arr~ dan,g~r_ VI. Eleven parts of chlorate of potas-ough the. i11S'ht rroduced. ]8 less .l.n- ·~dum·,4 of nitrate of potassium, 5 ofnseand brill1&Dt !D color, .The mixt .. milk sugar; 1of 'earth-moss seed, 1 of
18 not very in1lammabl~J burns oxalate of strontium..i f slightly moisten.ed.,l' develops .Purple Fire. Powder a~d mix 61
ut litt1~ ·~oke, and, as It nurns very parts of chlorate of potassium, 16 of1 ow1 ' l : : t lB, wlthol1t~donbt the. cheapest SlUphur, ~3of chalk.
for red lights •. Ave:y8~al1 Ros . e -r edLi f / lU . II,RubjiL~calld_tlllxddition of chlorate of potassium im- 61 parts of chlorate ~f potassium, 16 ofroves ~hecolor of the tlllm e v e_ ry .much. sulphur, 23 o~ chloride ?f potassium,R!CMPt : ' lor other !l~d-flre Mi'%t1fre8 • II. Pulverize and mIX 20 parts of~-SIX parts ofnltra.te of'strontium, sulphur, 32 of' saltpetre, 27 of chlorateof sulphur, 20 of chlorate of potas- of POtasSiUM, 20.ofcha.lk, 1~f charco~1.
~ed.ora1i:g~Fire. P ulveriz e 'an d mixIl.~enty ..thre~,parts of carbonate .5 2 parts of chlorate of potassium, 14 ofstrontium, ~6of sulphur, 61 of ehlo- slllpbur,~4 of c~a.lk. .. .of potassium. .... Dark...violet Fire. Rub fine and mIX
III. Mix 4~ parts of putv!,!nze4 .m- 60 parts of chlorate of potassiumJ.~6 of
of~n~lum, 6 of pulverised chl~~ sulphur, 12 of carbonate of potassium,te ofpotaaslum,.,13 of wash.ed flowers and 12 of alum+f sulphur, and 2 of pulverised char- Pale-violet Fire. Rub fine and mix
oal. , . . .... 54.parts of ch 1orate of potassium, ~4 of.Instead of theratherexpen~ve pre- sulphur, 16 of carbonate of potassium,
chalk,. , s a l t a of strontis., c!'r- and 16 of alum,onate of ealeium, and th"e native Blue Fire. I. Eighteen parts ofulphate of stronti:um (eoelestlne), ~ay chlorate of potasaium, ~4 of. saltpetre,Used for p~parm~ red fire a.ccordlng 14 of sulphur, 6 of c.uprlc oxide,the folloWIng reeeipta: II. Four parts of mea led gll~powdE!r,
I. ~ix carefully 3 parts of powdered 3 of sufphur, 3 of powdered zme, 2 ofoelestine .2of sulphur, and 5 of ehio- saltpetre. ." .. ..ate of '~tassinm. III. The following mixture glves aII. Three parts of preclpitated chalk, loudly detonating ..compound: Twoof sulphur, 6 to 8 of chlorate of po- parts. of saltpetr~,. 1 of sul phur, .2~fcarssium, . bonate o~pot. .as~n~m,6 of com~on salt.Ill. Twelve hundred and fifty parle IV. MIX 27 parts of pulverized salt-f sulphate of.strontium, 375'of purJfied r~tre, 28 of tritura~ oh.lorate of potas-
166 of chlorate of potassium, Slum, ~5, 0.f pul~,rlzed snlph~r; 15 ofnd 133 of··antlmony. pulverized sulpliate of petassium, and
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
15 of powdered eupro-ammonkun sul ...phste,The dark-blue color will gain Inten-
sity by adding potassium sulphate tothe mixture.v. Seventeen hundred and fifty parts
of chlorate of'potassiurn, 500 of sulphur,
575 of carbonate of copper" and 375 ofburned alum.VI" Twenty-one parts of chlorate of
potassium, 2:l of CHll)"er precipitatedwith chlorate of potass ium , 1 -2 of sul-phate of eoppe r, 1~ of calomel" ·4 ofmilk. sugar, aiul a of stearlne ..
Dark ..blne Fire. M ix 60 parts of
chlorate of pot.~~~iunl, 16 nf sulphur, 12of carbonate of copper, and 12of alum,
Pale.-blue Fir». I. M ix 61 parts ofpowdered ehlorute of potassium, 16 ofpul.~e .r iz .ed su lJ~hu.r , . a u . c . 1 2 5 of stronglyheated and pulvet'ized alum ..H, Mix 61 parts. of powdered salt ..
p:etre,. l!~f pul verized sulphur, ·20.o~,llowde!ed anhydrous soda, and liof)1ul veri z ed ehareoal ..Blue Fit'f/with:(t Blu?:sJf-flreehFlame~
Ru? fine and ~ix 12 parts of nitrate of
barium, 5 of chlorate of potassium, and4 of sulph ur,
Green Fire '4 I.. Ru b fine and mix433 parts of purified sulphur, 2~50 ofnitrate of barium, 1.66 of chlorate. ofpotassium, 66 of 'arsenic, and 100 ·o fcharcoal ..] I. Fifty parts of eh1orate of potas..
a i u ~ , 50 of ri~trn!-e of bari u r n , 5 of char ...coal, and a sufficient quantity of linseed
oil to knead the mass, .C·r ,een Fi T:6 aeco r d 'i n g to n," '(·It1l"8t)lt.u~eiger·. Three parts .of shellac Uof.. te f'b· f !uitra '.' 0 •arium, l) 0 chlorate ofpotasslum, .01he .r Re.ct ipts fOT Gre·Nt Fire . I.
Hixteen parts of nltrate Qf barium, 4 ofsul !·~hur I and 16· of chlorate of potas ..Slum.
171 FIREWORKS b . : EXPLOS
II.. Forty-five parts of: nitratebarium, 10-of sulphur, 2 Q of chloratpotassium, 2 of oalomel, 1of lampblaIlL Mix very carefully 12 p.ar t
nitrate of barium dry as dust, 4 ofphur and 6 of chlorateof potassiu
I V . Powder and mix 6 parts of ni
of barium, 1 of sulphur, 2 of chlof potassium, and t of charcoal,
Palt?grem Fire; . It' Rub fine
~iXof6~nY~h~r~~~~IO;4a t~fO:a~~barium,II., ·8ixt _ \ ' r pn "t· t~ o f nitrate of bar
14 of washed flowers of sulphur, anof chlorate of potassium,
III .. Thirty ...ight parts " O f nitratbar ium, 10 of ehlorate of potassium,8 of charcoal ..IV, Six parts of nitrate of bariu
of sulphur, 2 of chlorate of potassiand ~ of charcoal.
Da r- le t -green . Fire , One hundred
~fe!~ledt8ft~~:~~~f;=chlorate ofpotassium, S7i of anhydr
carbonate of sodium; .2 of pulvercharcoal, and 22·~5of stearine,
Yellow Fire.. I~ Mix carefullyparts of sodium nitrate, 16 o f sulp4 : of sulphide of antimony, andcharcoal. . .
II., Bubas fine as possible and20 parts of sodjum nitrate, ·3 of sulpand 1 " of sodium sulphide ..
.III~ ~o thousand parts of chlo
Of1X!~sslum.'·,~,~OO O f . · purified sulpand 750 of sodium carbonate,IVt Fi.fteen hundred and sixt
b ~ ~ ~ t e : f R : ~ r o o t ~ f; : ;~~{:~, V, S1.xp~rts « .chlorate of po~ium6 of potassium mtra~j 5 of sodiumalate, and 3 of shellac"VI. Sixty- ..one parts of chlorat
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
VII. One hundred aud twenty partsfpotasslum nitrate, 3 Q of flowers of
45 ~f chlor~te of potassium,
of anhydrous sodium carbonate, 2f charcoal powder, 22~ of stearine.VIII. Sixty ..one parts of saltpetre,of sulphur, 2Q of soda, and 1;, of
OTHER COLO~ED F]REWOR~S·4i
White Stars~ Mix 32 parts of' put-er ized saltpetre, 12 of pu 1ve ri zed sul ..
8 of .powdered sodium sulphide,1 of gunp9wdert
Red Stars. Rub fine and mix 40arts ·of nitrate of stron tiUU1, 10 rfhlorate of potasslum, 13 of sulphur, 2cha rooal, 5 o f" s od im sulphide, .Green- Stars. Thirty parts of ehlo-
ate of barium " 10 of B ow ers of sulphur,nd 1 of mastic ..Blue Stars. .Rub fine and mix 20arts of chlorate of potMaiu·m. 11 of·
14 of cupric oxide, and 1of
Bluish-gr,een Stars. LRub fine and2 4 parts of nitrate of barium , 5 6 of
hlorate of potassium, 30 of SUJ].JIIlU~.,
1of mastic,II. Twenty parts of nitrate of'bariunr,
8 - of chlorate of potassium, 10 of sul-1 of mastic, and 3 of sodiuru sul-
YelloVJish· green Stas»: I. Ru h fluend mix 60 parts of chloride of barium,of nitrate of. barium, 2.0 of sulphur,1of mastic,
II~ Twenty parts of chlorate of potas-5 of sulphur, 1 of mastic, and 1
o f carbonate of b ari u rn .rel . low ~~·ar8, . Rub fineand mix 16
arts of sodium nitrate, 5 of sul ph u r, 2f sodium sulphide, and 1 of charcoal.lVlltite Oandle8~ Powder and mix 4
of saltpetre, 1 of sul ph ur, and 1
172. FIREWORKS & EXPLOSIVES
of sod irn sul phide"Red. Candlee. Rub flue and mix 26
parts of nitrate of stroll~iunl, 15 of chlo-rate of potassium, 12 of Howers of sul-phur, 2 pi charcoal, 2 of sodium sul-
phide, and 1 of·mastic,".Gre~n Candles. Mix 20 parts ofchlorate of barium, 3 . Q 0f nitrate 0fbarium, and 10 of sulphur.
Blue. Candle». Rub fine and mix 18parts ·ofehl?rate of:potassiu'!I, . 6, of sal"t-petre, 1 0 of sulphur, and ij. of cuprlcoxide,
Bluislt-green (Jandles. Rub fine- andmix 20 parts of chloride .of barium, .3to 42 of nitrate of barium, 40 of chlorateof potassium ~10 to 22 of sulphur andof sodium sulph.ide. '.. .
Yellou: Ct,11Hl les" Rub fin.e and mIX
80 pa r L . ; ; ; of sod 1 . \ i . T . U n..irate J 7 of su 1p.h u r3 of sodi UIn aulph ide, ana 2 of mastic.
de~J(:lli:c!~~~fc!8~f'~~~(jof sal tpet re......A~or~ill~ .toal~other receipt .the~consist of [) parts of lampblack, 11 o
sulphur, and , .26.to ~O parts . ? f .gunl}OVder, The mixture IS made mto a pastewith alcohol, formed into small diceand dried~. When ·dry one or-the littlesquares is fixed into the cleft of n , laven-der stalk, lighted on a eandle, and heldstem downward. After the first blazingotr,~a~1t11ofmolten Java w.ill fo~m f~omwlileh the curious and very beautifuloorruseations will soon a.ppe&r"PI 'Df~ BoU .ye . r says about Jupartese
matchrs : 'flic mixture consists eitheof a parts by weight of lampblack, 8 of lowers of sul ph Y : ~ ' au.~ 15 "O f ls~l.tpetr((lr)~us dust}; or 2 parts by weight o
finely Hift_~(~ IjIJl~-W()9d. cha~oalJ ~ ot1 ewers ·of 5U]phur, and 7 of .saltpetre: (1 ry ~i~ dust), The mode of 'preparingth t . t ]II te 1 1es is as follows: Cut the finescommercial tissue paper into stripabou t. tiJ inches long ~1inch wide o
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
one end, and running into a point. attheother, fly col] ing thesesmall stripsof }lapCr tight.ly together commencingn t thepointed end, and ~]iing the lowerpart with ·f1'01t1 30 to 45 grains of one ofthe ahove mixtures, a close Imitation ofthe gen~iI1e Japanese matches will be
the result,p'i 're 'uJ ()T ks [o » U s e. in , R001n$, accord -';uy tv llC1:"ou. Mix 1 2 · parts of salt-petrel 15 of flowers of sulphur, and .30of gUll:pov{uer.. 'l 'hen dissolve 2 parts( f camphor in " 8 of spirit of wine, and4 of gunl Arabic in water. Knead thewhole into a dough, and form smallcorne red piece s from it which are dried,'~heu ignited they give a beautffullight, ..PlL~~r( ( ,o .h ' . s h'ferpents'tl Th is curiousc~emical toy is p~epared ~ follows:Dissol ve.mercury, with the aid of heat,in dilute nitric acid, being careful thatthere shnl l ul ways be an exce.ss of mer-CI~ry present; When the action of theaei d has ceased, decant the sol ution,and pou r into it. R solution of sulpho ..cyanide of potassium or ammonium,which may be procured at anr. drug ..gist's. Use about equal quantities ofthe two solutions, A precipitate ofsulpho ..cyanide of mercury falls out.which should be filtered otl~ washed,and dried. Then take for every }10Undof t~lis substan ce 1 0 : unee of gun} tr aga-eauth Iwhich should be soakad in water.When the gum is eompletely softened
173 F I R E W O _ R K S . f ; . : EXPLOS
it is transferred to a IIIortar , anddrietl lH":c~pitate· is gradually !ubUp \V I. t J t J 11to a h .om ogeneo u s pwith the addition of a little wTh is IBHSS is f t . J led i100 moulds of ccalor other shape, made of silvpaper, and dr-ied, When these
ignited by the appl ieation of a mat the conical ·end they form an emous vulurne of ash, which proceedgreat coifs from the body of the I
and which 'b y its serpentine movemea~ it is formed, has .suggested the ll(w.)
Harmless Substitttle jor PharoSe~tpen_.ts.. The l ! bove-named exment, though curt 0us and interest
is not altogether ti"~.e.fi·~n1 dnnger,~au~e POISQ~OUS mercurial fum ese v a 1ved tluring the combustion omass, On this aeeount several sututes have been suggested, One of tw h~~llis allU?st as good as the ori~and IS.llot poisonous, IS prepared 1
'Vllite ·~nga.l'. . ~ . . • . , .. aPulverize each at the ingredients ..ratel Y }and then 1111x thern thoroug"blake small paper cones of the ·desize, and press the. mixture into thWhen quite dry they are ready forThey sho.~~~ be k~pt away from mture and Iight, (W.)
Among the blasting compounds 'nitro-gl~ceri~e· and the ~Xpl08iv~ aubstances,d_YD&ml~ , etc.~ ~ertved from It, occupythe foremost place.
NiJ , · r .o .g l ' J Ic~r i1Uis obtained in the
lowing manner: Fumlnjr nitric aci49° to 500 Beaume is mixed with tits weight of higbly eoucentratedphurie acid in a ve~l kept coobeiog surrounded with cold wOrdbuuy eomm~a1 .glycerine,from lime and lead, is ev..pora~ toor 310 Beaume, When entirely c
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
should beof a syrupy consistency. 7iounds of the cold acid mixture arerought into a. glass Bask or ea.rthen
this is placet! in cold water, andpound of glycerine is slowly· poured
it; consta.nt stirring being kept upuring the addition of the glycerine.reat care must be observed to avoidheating of the mixture, 88 the con-
equence ofthi~ would be an oxidationth e glycerine with development of
arbonic acid. When the mixture isit is allowed to stand quietly
5 or 10 minutes , when it is pourednto 5 or 6 t imes ita volume of coldater, to which a rotary motion has
been. imparted. The nitro ..yeer~e subsides quickly. ~ a h~avywhich, ? y dec&otatJoD
1l~ brought
a ve~l of greater ne~ght thanIt]9 now w8Sh~d W ith water,
ntil not a trace of acid reaction is in ..cated .by blue litmus ~per; when it
9· p~t In fl..asks rea:d~ for use: It iRaor brown 0 1 1 . heavier than
ater, and practically insoluble in it,utsoluble In alcohol and ether. Whenmpure o~ acid. " it . ..~ec9m~5es spon-aneously In a short tlme, wlt·b develop-
ent of I l A S , . and formatioXi of oxalicd glyceric acids. ..Alowbray ' .8 Process of M(J . . n t t f ac~1 ir · ing
Tbis product is pre-minent beeause of its stable eharacter,r roezes I L t 45" F., is clear 88 \l'ater tnever of an orange color. When
it does. ~ot produce wh·atknown as glyeerine jteadnehe and
is non ..explosive when frozenil Thesexcellent qualities are imparted toit by the care taken in its preparation.he nitrifying acld is made in a well ..
build ing, in which areplaced five: retorts ·each of I!pounds'
and charged with 101 ouncesf sodium nirn te and 13l: OU.DeeFi
174. FI·REWORKS s : EXlJI,OSTVES
of sulphuric aeirl. Terra-cotta pipesconduct the vapors from each retortinto a row of four earthenware recelversstanding npor a trestle raised 81ightllabove the floor. 165 pounds of 8U 0
phuric acid ate poured into the first tworeceivers and "110pounds into the thirdwhile the fourth remains empty, Thenitric acid 'Vapo~ are condensed in thereceivers, whereby the mixture of acids
~Dired to~nit~~s. . i 8 _ . a~ once ~bt&lned. When t.he dlstllfation, which. 1 ' e 9 .uires 24 hours, is finished,. the acidmixtu ..e (about 660 pounds) 1$ drawnoff and emptied into a Iarge tro~g~ < ! fsoapstone, To remove the hypon!tncacid, 8Bwell as to obtain a homogeneous~x~u~J Mo.~y p~ a curren! of& 1r Into the trough througb an tronpi~, whlc~ a.nswer~ th~ purpo~ ~r-redly. Th lS opera tio n IS of g·reat Importance} as the presence of hyponitricacid ana nitrous acid. probably causesthe spoD.taneo~ decompQs~tion and C O : ~sequent eXpl0.810!l of th'18. B~?9taJlc .eThe room In whIch the nitrating pro
cess·is carried on is about 103 feet Tonand eontelns 116 ja.n o~earthenware !9 wooden troughs.. 18t pounds of acidare·poured into each of the j& r l and the
troug·hs are filled with ice water, owit·h a mixture of ice an d salt, to withinJ inch ~f the edge of the jars containingthe aeid, Upon,& shelf above thtroughs are placed glass vessels, onfor eaeh jarlt Each contains 2! pounds
of 1?ur~~,glycerine (not crude g)y.ceri~e)whIch 18 conveyed drop by drop. intthe acid mixture by means of a l4 iphoaad rubber hose. Beneath the shelupon which the glycerine vessels stan
.. 'II 2 . 1 . . · · h 0 diruns an iron ~lpe ..~ Inc. e8.1R iameterthrough which p~·a .cul'.rent of ",:oand ~dry aIr! which ]8.1ntroduce.d l!ltthe Jars, while the acid and glycerineintermingle, through glass tubes 16
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
iuches long and ., inch in diameter: crocks, which are immersed inwate1~ hours are required for the glycerine about 700. F" reaching to withi........ W d th te t ttention i nches of the edge of the · C ! . r o c k 8 . .run ou, an . ··.e grea' ..s . a " I,"· .'and care are necessary during this t~ey r~m~n ~or'?~ hours, during wtime" The three W O ° rorkmen overseeln g . . time the impurities that may be
P + d· th ~l '" h ~the m i xing :J?rocesa w . · . alk COD.s~ntly up tame In ... e· 01 rrse to tl e surracand flown with a thermometer m hand, the form of a seum, which is· remo
d h Id h fi·d th te with Q spoo n. The 'nitro ....gly.ne·rn ~ s· on '.' t ey .n ..e emperature U "'"
r ; . . f the ] t h O t d then ehemieally r · &nre .. tran...B t i :. . . . . . .ren1s1n.g In one. 0 n e JS'r8, or . R· re f'
... d h + h · wa te r ..and strong..·Y.· refr~ ight,vapors are emitted, · t ey stIr t e mix- thl I! diti " ' t " . . . . . ..1 I ! . . . . . k'ture with a glass rod, I t happens some- .'18 c : o n.·mon 1'· .19 rea.uy wr pactimes that the glycerine runs too rap'· The tIn eans used for this purpose
idly, :-vhen the flow ~l,!stbediminjr;hei:l, coated inside with paraffine, andand. In case the engme should cease It cliptteity· of 61t pounds each. Wworking must be entirely stopped 'and they are to b e fil.led they are J?,lac·themixture .stirred. ft shallow wooden vat; the 011 is'W'henth~coD~enif)nof'glycerillejn~ 'poured into copper cans and
nttro-glyeerlne is eompleted, and no through a rubber funnel into themore red vapors escape, the jan. are C.a.tlS. To render any oil which maemptied into a 'V at c on tain in g cold spilled harmless the precaution is1!'ster (42.8° F..). The qu~ntitr pro. to cover the bottom of the vat widueed. amounl8 a.t each .mtioD to thick layer of plaS:ter of Parls, w495 pounds. In tbis vat the oil mb- quiekly absorbS the fluid, Whenaides to ·the bottom, being covered WIth cans have been filled they are plw.ter about 6 feet deep, It reDlUDII in a wooden vat tilled with ice where fo'l' 15 minutes; wheDJ after the nriee and sal" nntfltheir eontentswater bsa 'been run. off, it is drawn o W frozen, and 30 tp 40 of them are B
illto another vat resembling an old- . a w a : r together in smaller magazinefashioned churn, but much larger .. a distance. of about S25 feet fromHere it is washed . 5 times-three times factory. FO'r trao9porting the nwith pore water and twice with a~010. - glycerine th e tin cans a r e packedtion of soda, a current of air being open wooden boxes, the liottompassed t.·hrough.' it. at .t~e .same t i . m e . ' " 4 i wnich. is covered. with several IncheTh~' 'water from the washing appa.ratua sponge. ~Dd th e CUI themnis allowed to run into a va~ and from a re ~ed two gutta ..perchathis through ·twobarrels bUlled in the eroasmg each other on the bottomground, whence it find, its way to the Ihe C&D. 'To thaw the nitro-glyce
outside, I1.'anyo! the oil 8bo~.ld have eae.h caD. is provid,ed w~.~ a tube abeen carried offWlth the w88h" 'wa te r it 10 inches long and 1~·Inches Indi
.is. regained ~no~~ of the barrels, The tel, ~in. ' throu~h the centre. fromnitro-glycerine 18 then transported in to oot't<!m,mto which water of fromcopper vessels to a magazine about s o o 90° F. 18 poured. The cans are clf~t ~s~t from the work:room and by a cork ..covered with. s : p'ie~, of 'emptied mto crooks each haVlDg a cap&- der. Sleighs are used inwintercity of ~~.~DDd8.. Tbese. ~ 'placed ~D. transporting the ' C ? & n s , and in. s~mwood en .s lielves , eac h holdm g About 20 wagona covered WIth a layer of lee
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
with a blanket,R, Bottger recommends the followlng
process as free from risk for preparingmall q uan tities of nitro-glycerl ne : ·Aw grammes of anhydrous and entirely
glycerine are poured into a test-kept cool by being surrounded
a . freezing mixture, and containingpari by volume of concentrated sul-huric acid of 1 ..52 gravity, and 2 ' partsy volume of stronger sulphuric acidf i.aa grav-ity. T he m ixture is poured' quickly as possible into 8: larger vol--me of water. 10 this the nitro-glycer ..
resembling drops of oi.l~.subsides to
he bottom; it is then washed and re-~h'ed, ~rst wit~ .water,;and tinall,a weak solution of soda, It IS
from water by means. of It fewmall pieces of chloride of c~lc~um,hen a produ.ct will be obtained ofuch purlty that it may be k~pt·w~th ....k " # . II d 6 ~e t + d ' ~ thut rIB . " .or an ill·~6-Dl Jme an . ..Wl ...t:i!'.. d ·BUuenn! ..eeompesittou. "
D..natm:ite possesses all the properties
~y means of a ~rcll~loDap in the lADle manner as wIth :<rQ~
Iyeerine. Th~ 'm~ t c om f!1 0!lmode ofdyl~amlte·181>Y ml~ llg ?5 per
of Ilitro-gly~enne with 25 perent" of powdered sand ..Dynamite, a.ecording to R~Champion
PeUe" maybe ~ivided into,.(t,ynamite with 8Jl inert absorbent (in-
earth, aahea, tripOli, etc.] , anddynamite. W i t h .· . . &0 actl ve 'absorbent~
n the, latter vArl.etyrosin, f inely-pow-eoal, or .1tpetre are used as
To this elau belong dualin,etc,
To make the maaufaeture of dyna ..less da.. reus, A~&brero sugges.fa
o stir inf080rial earth with 'water itoI d uuS h, form it intO &hapes of suitable
1 76
, s ize; dry them 'at 2 1 20 F~J .and finallyd ip ' them in to . nltro..gIyeerine, .Dy uam 1te with 75 pe.r cent. of effecri ve exploslve can be prepared in this manner(;~~llul(J8~'Dynantile~Frtmet has sue
eeeded in producing a nit._ro-glyc~rinpowder whi~h, while it fossesSee alth.e p~()pertl~ of dynamite. preparedwith infusorial. earth, has the advantage of being un~ffected b y water. Hfound that .certa1.n organic absorbentspoasessed the property of retaining absorbed nitro-glycerine.even w hen placedWIder water, and did not lose th-eir explosive power. .The nitrogenieed ab
sorbents-wood 'fibre and gun ..cotton-«wen :rfound " W be too dan~~ol18 fomanum. .c tu . r l~g Iarge qua~tltles. BuFransi has now succeeded 10 preparinga "w ood fibre which absorbs from 70 t7~ ~er cent, of nitro-glycerine, w~ichretains these proportlons unehangedwhen in contact with water" and whichretains aisp its e x plosi ve powe r aftebeing J : . ressed .ou t and dried~. .
I' . .. t.. . .-
Nort11-
d: ah l~ fJon8
Patent DY1i ( )maconsists of a mixture of ammoniumnitrate, 'with ,8 to 10 per cent ..of pulver-ized eharcoal or coal, 'and 10 to 30 pecen~t.ofnitro",glycerine ...The compoun~which, on account of the hygroseopie
prope.:.rtyoft~~ amm.·onium.ni ..rau" m..t iBbe kept in metallio eases or gl88Bvessels, is exploded by means of i\per. .CUSS lo n c ap .
A .. Noberll j )y f lClRnitt ! . is a mixture o69 parts ~f ~.altpetre, 7 of paraffi.n~ onaphthaline, 7 of coal dust, and 20 onitro ..glycerine.. It is claimed. tl1at·~baddition of paraffine 'or naphthaline
Di't trnar 78 Dualin consists of 5 . 0 partso r n ,' tr o ..glycerin,eJ, 50 of n itrated saw -dust, and 20 of saltpetre,
N tw D~vn(J/m·ite by A nthoine It G r n " 4aoo 41 In this prepa~~tion. u'nsi~d ~p;rtakes the place of 81Ilea, Tb~paper 18
not only saturated with nitro-glycerlne,
b t di . 1 · ~ ~ ....,.. I ti' upper In succession mto so ,Unonsof s a l tpetre, potassi u m chlorate, andpotassium picrate,
,ct b'·" Th~ 1· io......r: oazotine, ' .19 ex p Oilve m ) x·ture, pu.tented in France by de ~~g~and Cuhuc, is composed of 50 to 64
parts of saltpetre, 1;; to 16 of sulphur,14 to 16 of spent tall, or ve·ry fine saw ..dust, 9 to l~fuf Iampblaek, and 4 ~ 5of ferrous sulphate. 'rhe mixture is
heated with f1 suitable quantity uf waterto 23t)° to' 2·4~0 }I., then allowed to cool J
and the solid IU~ dried and shapedinto bricks.Br i se -roes , an explosive agent patent-
ed by Robau{l'~,consis ts of 40 parts ofsal tpetre, 20 of soda saltpe tre, 15 ofsulphur, 1of rock salt, and 150f woody8ubstaace, .sJ len t tan, sawuust, etc.
ljudrolilh.·. Pock"s blasting powder,
known, under this name, eonsista of aparts by weight of spent tan, q of saw-dust, 3 of soda saltpetre, a of bariumni trate, " 6 ( J f Viood '-hareoal J 12 0 fsulphur, and .ljij of saltpetre. Thebarium and 'sodium saltti are dissolvedin hot water, the 'tan and sawduststirred into the solution, and the · D 1 i ~ . . .tu re 18 evaporated to dryness, The?ther ingr~'di~ents , previously plll ver ...ized, are iutimately mixed with the
d e d id .. 1 · 1 ·ower, •" resi ue ID a revo VIDg cy rn -der,
Pyrolitl~. This blasting powder,patented by WtLtt~ffl, and used for·blasting hard rocks, sueh as granite, ete.,eonsists of 12..~ parts by weight of saw ..d ust, '6 '7 ·5 of sal tpetre, and 2 0 of flowersofsulph ur.
177 FrR~WORKS ~ EXPLO
For blasting softer rocks" suclimestone, coal, etc., Wa~tle·1t remends, the f(,llowing composltionparts by weight of sawdust, 50..5 ofpetre, 16 of soda saltpetre, 1..5' ofdered charcoal, and ·20 of flowersulphur •.
Tre t s ' Blastin.g Pmmier, patentedE n g l a / n i t " , · t c o n s , . i& t s , , of 5 2 , . .5 ' p e r cenChili SOOa saltpetre, 20 per cent.sulphur, and 2'1.5 per cent .. of stan,
Frozen Dyrwmiit:. Dynamite, wfrozen solfd iseomparative ly val ueas' in tha'wi~g for use it becomes' injand aometimes I~ni tes ; but by granuing it, as freezing takes place, and k
ing it in this condition, 'it may be. tP01"~, handled, ?rp:ou'r~ and rn~Into bore holes WIth entire safetyeonvenienee. Freezing the dynain grains ruav be readily accomplis
: L ; u ~ n ~ a ! ! u : ! ' e ~ ~ ,u ~ ( J ~it congeals, MUU allowing it toloosely' and Ii e 'undisturbed duringexposu re to a fr.cezi ng temperat
The Inlrti~leM. will s.li~l~tly ~tlhe~,nul.y be read ily sep~ratt~ ~Y Btl.rD ynamite so froz C 1 1 . W I ll rend 1 1y expby the ordinary means, but theshould he.ve abou t three times th e uqIIantity of fulml nate.
.A uge7 ....r : - e ' s· lY I~'i't~ P()'UJu er ~powder nuty be advantageousl.yfur blasting very hard IVCk~ althoit issol~lewbatexpensive, Consider
care and caution are required in.m ig it into th e d ri 1 1 hoI es, and fareason the work should 'be onlytrusted to experienced workmen,t h , e , ibllow,',',i)lg pr,ocess AU!l.end,' ,Te~8powder ean.be produced asa verymogeneous mixture and of great ex~ive energy ~ The three ingred in
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":,,I~i~e~runpo.wd~r, pot~ju.m (errocy-a~lde,. 8U~, a~d pOt~ltUl~ .chlorate,are J,ul verised, each by Itsel~, ~namor-tar, an~ then .thoroughly dried, Each.~f· the "lngred"~I!ts..when dry, is 'againpulverIzed 8S. finely as ~ible' andpas sed .th rou.gh a ft·ne hafr sieve. ' Thercs.~tlycq.~a~titi~.of the ingred.ientsa~ .then .weJgbed otr, :poured upon ash~~et.of p~per; and ,1ntlD1ately mixedw . I . t h the. f i n g e r s . o r WIth ~ feather, : r he.powder ..18 then placed JD. a capacIousporeelatn mortar, moistened with abso-
lute alcohol and an intimate mixtureis protlueed b y continued rubbing witha pestle, the proceS$ being entirely freefrom danger if done in this manner.The powder, which is now in the formof& stiff dough, i s spread upena smoothboard and dried in p o j warm room, Thealcohol evaporates quickly ~when cthethin, dry cakes of powder are crushedbetween tw o smooth boards; and thepowder passed through a fine.sieve. Inthis manner it is obtained in the formof very fine, intimately mixed dust,
~~iDg' excallent explosive proper-1.eStHaftn~gge.r '8 C ; : u ~ and Blas1;i ' l lg Pou-several varieties of which have
een patented in Englan d, resemble'!white powder, Their com ..
om tlon 18 a s follows:I. Nine parts of potasslum ehlor ..1of sulphur, a·nt'f! of wood cha.r~
II. Two parts of pot_um cl11orate,of refined augar, and 1of potasaiumrrooyanide ..III. Four parts of potassium chlorate,of aul)J.hur or sugar, ~ of wood char ..
and 1 of potassium ·fer-~ranide..I~. Four parts of 'potassium chlorate,
: of.UF,1 ofwood charcoal, and 1of
V. One part of potassium chlorate
1 78 FIREliQRKS & EXPLOSTilE
and 1of eugar,VI. Eleven parts of potassium chlor
ate, i.of sulphur, and iof wood charc o a l . .
Dr .. llorlineU.o', Gunpowder. .M i
very int'i.mately 10 parts uf Chili ~t~tre ..~O.of·picrio acid, and 81 of potas-81\U1l bichromate, .Slmrp & Smith's .fat·enl Gunpo1cde '
coDsis ts of 2 paria of sal tpetre, 2 ·of potassium chlorate, 1 of" potassium ferrocyanide, 1 of potassium tartrate, andof sulphur._ S . lr e a u : t 8 P01 IJ dtr ...or Oa~tton. of lArgfJa l7 .bre . Two parts by w~,gbt of finely-pul veri z ed eharcoal are hoi led with 3
' J > W : L , by weight of water. The boilingIB interrupted after a short time, andwith eonstan t ati rri ng, 20 parts bweiB'ht of potaBsiUHl chlorate, ~ of pu.Jverlzed eoal, and 4 of sodium bicarbon-ate are. added to the mixture of charcoaland water. 'The muss is ll:,:ain broughtto the boiling pnint, 7 parL~by wei~h
of fine sawdust are added, and the boiling continued until the woody mass has
formed a magma.with the water. Whenthis. is done the mass is·evaporated inopen pans until it is of a eonsisteney the granulated in the usual manner inthe p(')wder ..mill.
NfJ1t. . ,exp.lonve Pousier, When thispowder is ignited it .does not explode,but burns slow_y with a hissing noiseIt loosens and ralaes stones withoutbl88ting them. It is. cheaper than thordinary powder, of quite a coarsegrain, and contains 3 parts of potassiumnitrate to 1 of sodium nitrate. Thpowder is mixed in the following proportions ': 56~22 to 56.23 per cent, opotaaium nitrate, 18.33 to 18t39 'peoentt .of sodium nitrate, 9.68 per centof'au'lphu" and 14.14 to 15. .01 per-cent.of oharcoa •
(}fwn'a Bla8ting Powder consists
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
'principally of barium nitrate, containsbut little' .saltpetre and DO sulphur,There is . less d & nlte_ r inmanufactu.ringi~than gunpowderv but it is net fit forf i rearms, I t possesses ~he great advan-tage of not emitting thick smoke orchoking .gases, and ..therefore does not
inte rru v t the work In mmes ; and fur..thee, that it takes up Jess room th~gunpowder and is ln~c.h cheaper, Ita
effect as compared with gunpowder -.as 18 to 11.Girl n J . , I h t n . ,u/ ,~+~e is a .mixtun: of 18
to 28 parts by weight of pyroxy~eJ 55to 44 of nitro-glyeerine, 5 to 10ofpyro ...paper, 20 to 16 of nitro ..starch, 1o 1 ofnirumann ie, anti 1 to '2 of water- glassThe materiais) which should be free
from acid, are carefully mixed andbrought~nde~ R e~rt~idge. press, in thestamp of which IS fasooned·s needlewhich makesa hole in the. cartridge forthe reception of tile fuse, The cartridgethus prepared is hermetieall y el osedwjth collodion, and packed in the samemanner as Iithofraeteur. Shortly be--fore the cartridge is to b e used the'coati n~gof coli odi~).lli8 broken on th ose
places where the 1101~ n~ for ~hc re-ception ~f t h c C fuse, T h lS consists ofsoft gun-cotton impregnated with potas-sium chlorate and plumbic ferrooyan ..ide, and is .prevented from droppingthrough bY'8 knot OD one end, It isdrawn tllroUgh the holes and a B i : c / c . .f(Jrd~8 fuse fastened to the other end,
.•.
B lruJ ting Oom pO 'U n -d from / Po ta to ...ll~tftrc.k. The J 1 T O · C e s s is si.mllar to that
of manllfa.ctunog nitro-glycerine. Thepot.ato-:Starch is ahaken ·with con Cen..trated nitric acid un til it is dlssol ved,~nd then. w i t _ h vig!Jrous. BtirriD~ 'pouredinto sulphuric acid, whereby the prep-
: o r : ~ f t i : : .Berti'::: :l~i!l~~'1~:removed by \Yuh'jag and rewashlng;and treating the preparation with 80-
179 F.IREWOR·KS & EXPLOS
dium carbonate", .The explosive sflour, when dry, "fOnDS a tender wp?w~er. WheD:, to:uch~ with & glop~ec~ of wood 1t ]8 quiek ly consuwi~h 8 ., yellow lame without leavinresidue, A great advantage of theplosive starch flou,r ill that it expf
only ..~ having .been .repeatstruck ~h a hammer upon & no &
Its ignition temperature i . e bet3M" and 8740 F, In external appanee this explosive agent does no t d
:;~:z.=t ; b ! ; . ~ ~water , but Ioses 'the prope:rty of bcolored blue by iodine. If examw"ith the microscope the well ..knstarch globules cannot be. detected.4 NWJ BluUng Puwdf.T~lla~nte
.. The ferrous ."Bulphate is compldiuolved. 10 a Jlt~lewater" and theeompcnenta are mixed with it atto 2 660 F. T he m ixture is cooleby!"..J l S t a n . · . . ·tlys..i rring it Ii.nd th.en dThis powder can be stored, t ranspoand used without danger. 'and devno smoke in the mine, The firstture is inten ded for dense rock ssecond for anthracite, .and the thir
bituminous coal"To prot~ct·blr:u'wtg agents contfAnitro-glyceritw and ammonium 'fifrom moisture, and to prevnu ilsudaJion of tke 'Ai~ro..glycerine, Nadds paraffine to them. H -e remends the fol_l.owing. proportions:pe·r cent, of sodium nitrate, 7 perof paraffine, and 4 per cent, of char
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
Tht?se ingredients arc ~ar'ef\llJy .~ixe~, viole.ll.t deton.ati,oJlj t~e :~~rgy of whichand 2'0 per cel?-t. of nitro ..glycerine 18 equals th~~,of five times its weight ofadded to the mixture, Or, 7,5per cent.. gunpowder.
of ammonium nitrate,. 3, p 'er, ?ent. of New Blasting COTitpounds .
charcoal" ,4 per cent, of paraffine, and .' p , . ' 1 " ' . " " ~ , " ~ " . . ' ~ ,1 .8 : er [c en t. of nitro ..glycerine. _ "ll. + , , ,~r~ , . , , } e _~s,a~oars~: ..grained po~ .
Biunt Powder. Forty parts of nitro- dcr consisting of 64 percent., of' ealt-glycer~ne are mixe,_d .with60 parts ,of a petre, 30 percenLofchar~oal!and 6dry mixture, ccnsisting of 40 parts of per ce,Dt., of sulph~de of antimony ..sodium nitrate, 6 , of rosin, 6ofsu]phur, ".2~., J_a l ' ~n e contains .65 ~. 75 ~e~ ~ceDt.and 8 of infusorial earth or other anal- of _saltpetre, ~oper e~nt, of sulphur, 1.0
~t~:~G~~~;~~~r~~S~~;~=:~\~~~:.~ ..~~ ~G~nor from a blow, but _ma:y be readl_lyNew .. B lr:s t1 ngC om .po un d .'-r io 'll" -a
exploded by the shock gJlIen: "by dJS'" (Jomb1na. t tCf! t 0/ ~I(Jn[ey,, ' f1/nl l .Glycer:int ;charging a cap containing fulminate, The followIng proportions by' welghtFaure .& French'» Bl.astlng· Gom. .~ are used;
pound ' 8 a mi~tu, re of 1part ,o f -c h a ,l",. N O ' M I. "~ifty p .a , ~ o f eombinatioJ_l. ofcoal, 16' 'o f barium nitrate, _ .and 1 of honey and ,gIY6erloej 12 of potassiumnitro-eallulose stirred jato a dough with chlorate, 16 of potassium nitrate, 17 ofsome water and then formed into disks prepared sawdust, and 5 of preparedand dried, chalk.GUB-Co t t on , . Codon-wool is im- No. II, Thirty-eight parts of com
,meraed in a boilme dilute 'fJolutioD..o:f binatlon of h~_ney and gIyeerine, 1 '9 o fpotassium carbonate, the~ waShed WIth. potassium chlorate; 2·4·of potassium
water and we.l.l.d.ri.ed,.. It~~ DO~ stee.fe4. nitrate, 10 of_prepared sawdust, and 9for a f~w minutes in a cold mlxture o . f of prepared chalk.
~{:nO!/~i : : !~ta~~: i=~;~~;n! :e ~ ~ ::~~~::~~Df f ~ I ~ ' Z sD ~ ~ Yagal n ,pJ a~ed 111 .~ _f~~\~ acid ~~xture part of nitric ,aCid of, t..0 ~spec!fi.c,g,ravan,d . left there for 48 hours. It.18 then lty a~d 2 P~ of sul pb uno aeid ,?f 1.8~~alll.~ell~ueezed.1Uldwa8~ed fo~.~ specific g rav'lty ,_ a n d~ .le t the mlxtu~long time wi~h ruDn.l~. water, and ..in. cool off to 620 F, ;Elght parts of thI.ally steeped In 8, solution of po,tass,lum. mixture are placed in a wooden vesseearbonate. .. J ined with lead, and to this is addedGun ..~otton thus m~nufact~red 'Will with slow and CODsta.Jl.t ,surring, 1 . par
keep without change indefinitely J lln~ of a mixture 0.£equalparts of honey an~ay be kept u~lder water f~rsafety./,s tt~ycerine, ·ke~piDi.gthe i e , ~pe,~ature osa~e., and poss~es, after drying, all 1 m the com,o?Dd. between, 59° and 680Forlglnall)rop~rtles~ ,After' stirrlDg for about 5 minutes theIt is insoluble ,in water, alcohol, I;nd combination of' 'honey and glycerine
ether. It takes fire at ,300° F ..; bu~~)ng settles on the bottom of the vessel. Iaway ral~i~l]y"but .without ,_ ,exp lo si on ; is then separated from th e supernatantbut when 19nJt,ed In a confined space, acid and washed fi,rst. with water andor by percussion; it decomposes with a next 'with a solution, of soda ' 1 1 0 remove
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
the last traces of acid. It i s . now ready rollers.for-mixi Dg · wih th e other ingredients, Ful.irinltle oj M erCJJtr')l is usedw h~ch must h~~v:t: been previously pul- fill ing percussion caps. ·It is preparverized and intimately mixed, ~he on It large scale by dlssolvin·g tpartsawdust flour is prepared by passing mercury in 12 of pure nitric acid of 1ordinary sawdust through a fine sieve specific gravity, and adding 12 of spand boi ling it in a sol ution of soda uu til of wine, when .a violent reaction ta
all resinous and coloring substances place, which is kept in. check by add~av.e been extracted). ~ hen it is washed g,ra~uall y m~:r~ aleoh 01 . I f J , r B t .m cold water and dried, Iiquid becomes black by the separatPr.eparat i"O?~oj -!3lu.:l~·li l{J Oompol!~ds of met:allic mercury, which, ~owev
bu d.trectly N1tra:f.11tg C T " U : d e !ar 0, ls. ~oon disappears. ~'V~en the. liquidTn.e crude tar oils are gradually, corn- comes cool the fulminate of mercupounded by constant. stirring with nitric separates as a erystafliue powder+acid of a hig·h 1!rrulc. 'I'he clear oil is. nearly Insoluble in cold water: fs~ding over the preeipitate i·~ poured a ~oili~~ solution it is Qbtain~ in whoff into another vessel, nitric acid added prismatic crystals. When kindledto the residue, and the process repeated. the open air it burns aWRY like gThe nitrogenized substances obtained powder, but by percussion it ia deeo
in this manner a re washed, dried, aut! posed with ·8 violent -detonaticn,mixed with substances yielding oxygen. explosion of the fulminate is 80 vio'I'he nitrates of alkalies, ~Qt..assiu~ and taPid that it is . necessary to mochlorate, "and the ~strongest I 1It r l £ . acid ate It fo! p.ercu~slon C 3 J > ! l . For(l.p .speciflc gravity) are principally !~~rpo.se .It IS mixed with potassiused for the purpose. nitrate or chlorate, For gun cGelatinQu.B -Nitro-!l lyc.f . .}~lte~ Cotton potassium chlorate is/e.nerally mi
carefully cleansed and comminuted is with the fulminate, anc powdered gboiled in a closed boiler with 5 parts by i~ s.o~etiRles. added to increase t~e
weight ?f dex,tri~e .and so.ule .acetate, of Slb1 l lty ..O( th e mixture +~ explosionammonium; the resulting Jelly, of'whi ch percussion. After a. little of the cB # much as 7 per cent, may be dissolved posit~o~ ·has been introduced intoin nitro-glycerine, (orOIS "rit.~ it a mass eap, ~t IS made to ad~:ere ~~ a dropfrom which no nitro-glycerine can ·es- Sol~tlon of shellac In sprnt of W
cape. which renders It also water-proof ..To prepare the blasting compound Ful",!inale. r ; /8" i l1J£r l Ten grainsuForcite·'~ 76 parts of the above gelat- pure 81]ver are dI8801ved , at a gelnous nitro ..glycerine are mixed with he~at,in. 70 drops. of .coneentreted ni15 parts of saltpetre and 9 of snwdust, acid of. 1..2 specific gravIty and
Cartridge, Shells of Eas1:1y'~~ornbn:~ti-
~rr)~ of water~ As sopn as the 8ible STllJ8tances. . The material consists IS dissolved the heat IS removed0 ' £ very l?os~ly. woven co~tQ~or ~s ilk 2 ,OO~ d;ops ?f alcohol are added,tissue, which IS impregnated with nitro- the act~lon does not commen ce aftglycerine, or with a mixtur~ of s~lphur ~ho~ . t lme,. .a very gentle· hea~ may·and sa.ltpetre. ~h·en the tissue l~dry applied unti] e~e~escen~ begina, wcO"11odlO~.o - which ·R smal] q~antlty a . ! the ~lmlllate of sitver wlll be. ~ep~lcastor 011 has. been added" lS. poured In minute ~ee~les, and may be. furtover it and .it is. then smoothed between treated as III the case of fulminate
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with the cap. The~artridge isenclosed in, the rubber tubee, which on the top is fastened w a t e r o atight around the quick ..match, so thatwhen the cartridge - i p J placed underwater the latter can penetrate the gun ..eotton only' from below" Th'e entire
~ b h l ~ t e! B o : : ~ l o : d ~ ~ ~ ~ t:t!::r:;the passage of water. ~he cartridge re ..mains explosi ble until all the gun ..eotto n is 'soa-ked th rough by the water
,. f: b 1 I h' h ..hen te.rlngrome ow, W 10·._ WIt aeartridge about 1inch in diameter and41 inches long will be the case- in ex..ac tly 2 2 hours, which makes the !Dl~"pect~ e.xp.. } . O S : l O . l 1 . of 9.. _ ch.~ge lW S 8 1 n g
fire lm~ble after that time ..Ntw Blasting Powde r . , S : 9 I t P ! 3 t r e ,potassium chl~rate, and :6ne ly ..pU Jv.~r·Ised coal ...a.r p1tch are converted wIthbenzine into a plastic paste t which ismadeinto flat cakes and freed from thebenzine' by evaporation, and thenworked in the _.memanneras.ordina.ryp?wd~r<l The grains" which" li ke. thoseo r 'the ordinary art iOJ.e~are"irregular inform J can b e 'made of any desired size.The density, which is , O~9Qr somewhatmore, corresponds with th~tof o,dinarygunpowder, This new powder pos-888S$8 considerable hardness" does notlose color, even when w et; and withoutundergoing & change stands a higher~egree ~r·heat. than that ~r meTt ingtin. It 18 not mftammable by Bingle
~parkfJ 0 ., f Bh~rt dQra.:~t.ion.. I~ite~ .fr.ee~1t burns qUIckly With 8 white flame.;
.. l d·' b8 a COle, space It~·urns .. however"ve7 ene~getic.allr wi th li~tl~ S l : J l Q ke~nd .le&vln~ a vel'!: small .r8Sldue~ "Agun 18 not In the least a'1f~cted by Its
eombUi tlOD p roduc ts . The advantagesof thia pow tler are: 1~ ·Fa.cility~andquickness of manufacture. 2~ SafetyIin its prepa ra tion. : 3 t Absence of all
183 FTRE1'ifORKS ,& EXPLOSI
.hygroscopic properties (4 .ounees plul?~n, ' 1 \ . very sensitive scale in an oW Indow fo.r 4 days. of misty weather
f~~~2~r~~'!sf h ~ e ~ ' : ! k i n ! Y: d5., .~ e~ small residue, 6" Scarperoeptlbls smoke.
. NiMD Method of hepari1lg GPounler :'. , Two ~.xtures ~l'e prepar. a. 36.06 parts of pota_lUDl or sodbisulphate, 28.60 of potassium nitrand 9.20 of' g]yce ...ne,b. 50 to 55 parts of some chlorate
50 to 4 6 parts of a substance richcarbon,00 i.gniting a mixture of the tw
is claimed mixture b evolves S1rlD
beat to effect the nitrification ofglyeer!ne and explosion of the nftJyce~e.. The material rieh in caIS saturated wIth concentrated solu
of the ~isulphate J n i t r o .a"te,Bnd. chloand dried, The. mass 8 then m~th the glycerine and made intotridges ..
PreparalJitm of HypOftlitric Amdits C!Be J o r _"_'lositJe aM III",,"1Utt8ubseancea . · The.following pr00e88~n patented in FrauceandGermanNitrate of lead is heated in t h e rA (Fi~~61). ~The developed 'g~. f i r8~coDdu~ted throu,S~ sulphunc,!"hlCh re f&ln~ the mo18tare, andInto the eondensers 001enamellediron, which rest in the coolingv_Iwh~ ~lill'. fluid iak~p" a t .zerthe Ice. m R a h . i n e 0.. WhIle the oxyeseape~ f ! J r - fu~her use. th rough D
hypom~rl6 . amd collects in the rv~:n~H.s,nd J, the ~rstof which is' :lded :Wl~b a ~st -c_ock .fot the examtion of the acid. The reservoir 1t&jn~ sulphuric acid, From Jhypooitric acid isbrought by the p
o iutt) the vessel L, and from - therdrawn into tin canst , The oxide of
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
n the retorts is reconverted in to niratenitric acid. . ~ ".. .A m ixture of carbon di-sulphide ~nd
ui~ric a.~id is a powerf~l e~ploslve,hich s exploded by fulminate of mer . . .
ury or gunpowder, It does not ex-by a shock alone, no.r by·heat~ng3980 F. A mixture of equal parb;
f hyponitric acid and carbon di-sul ..gives the most powerful explo-. .
on ..The mixture burni ill the open aira .brillien t white light, which is
werfully actinic.
184
be of'sueh a eonsistency that only l~al1dJ :O~ remain adhering to the st ick.The following mixtures are used :
In NOB. I~and II. the paraffine is tirstrubbed up ,,It·h the antimony and
then ineorpora t . :d " ! "ih t~e compound.The compound 19O1tes easily and trans-mits the dame quickly to the WO~I
Matches wiih compound No. II. Ignite well and burn quietly, Matcheswith No. III. ignite easily on theItriking surface and quickly t~ansmitthe flame· to the. wood. Compound.No, IV ..furnishes matches exactly like!h~e of ~e Jijn~pi·ng :er?d.uct; ~b~·lgn tte e R . S l l y on the strl king surface,transmit the flame quickly to the wood
SwMMA MaJc lu8 are made in 8w~ burn quietly and without noise.almOtit exclusively ofwhite})(l)Jla.l ' StJ·iJting Surface of Sw;diah Mat che si. t bei n a - thb·e c hea:v 'h es t. B 1 00 bb cons is t s .of a compound prepared by
f the lena-th of t e mate are cut y .,,~"" I d PA.. . .a .Mhi~ from the round ogs aD . A _ . . .
linte- ...~t the splints kT··iln-drid~toanbed Ji I. II~ 1-1-1"........-. y " " " " " _
Wl t~ p ar affiD~ .. he en.. .. Chlorate·or potaaBlum 2000 2000 2000 4000With the inflammable COID- Plumbic dlOxid(l • • 1150 sise i O O O 4000
is dipped in a solution of' p&~f. M in illm .• • • ....251!1.
im .3000
in rename) when they ate agam Antl,ID01l7 tmulphltle 1~1lO 1 m 1500
They are then dippep into the g~~~~~! .~ 'Ul~:~g 670 670 010nflsDlmable compound, which should Pa.n:fthi... • . . .. 250 .2 M J
Fig·~61..
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
mixing 9 parts of amorphous ph os...phnrl!.~~ 7 of iron p~ri~s pulverizedand sifted, 3 of pulverized glass, and 1Q ~ fglue or gum with the requisite quan-tity of water,
Mutches tm· th , .o 'U~ Sulpn:nr, which canbe ignited by friction on any surface
and do not absorb moisture from th-eair, are prepared Q y · dipping thematches into a h.ot solution of any kindof fat)".and using the fol lowing in flam-mabie compound: Seven parii! of_p_p~~rus, 7 of gun~..A rabie, 40 ~'-leadrutrate, 5 of pulverized glass, and 10 ofwater,
Inflammable ComPO'U/llds.H. ScAteS,..recommends the .following mixtures 81
giving excellent l"esults: I. One part ofpulverized sulphur is melted in warmwater witb 4 of y.el)o'W ph(JIphortl81i)foot of the ~ater. II I then poured, o f ! 'and the Buld mlxtnre ruDbed lOti.
mately with 4 parts of dextrine ~~m.Now compound 45 parts of rrumwnwith l:t. equivalent ..o t ~itric acid, d r r .the mixture, pulv~ It, and .add Itgr.adually to the. phoaphoru8 ~tlturejlThe matches are saturated WIth soln..tion of pine rosin in & .Jc oholl and driedat a moderate heal
II .. )fi.~ 1 part C ? f pbosphoms, l) ofcba1k , 12.8 of Bnhyd roul gypanm ,6 orpuI~erlud g-.; and 6 of lOme ~g)uti-nan t and eolonng matter. ThiS com.·poun~ .l'~qnire~ a rou,'b atriking IlUr-faee, 19n1te8 With a slIght report, & add oes lIot abaorb m ois ture.
InJlammabl~ (}ompou.ft.d tDithOtaPhOsp4oru,. Thirty·.aix parts ofplumbic die~ide,. 15 of chlorate ofpomas ium. , 9 of manganese dJox jde , 8of flowers of sulphur, .6 each of info.sorinl earth, pulverized g)811 or sandand amorphous phospborus, and 8 of.glue ..
1"85 F I R E W O R K S &EXPLOSI
The compound ignites by frictionany· su rface. .
Parlor M a tches. Th e sticks arethorough]! dried then soakedstearic aeld, and finR l1 y dipped intinflammable compound prepared f. 3 parts of phosphorus, ~ of gumtra
eanth, 3 of water .. 2 of f n e sand, aof red lead. To perfume the matcthey are dipped, after the compoundry~into a solution of. aromatte pm~e of 4 parts of benzoin In 1spirit of wine of 40° B.ColtYrt i l POf'lor Ma.tch, ,_ The
ftamme.hle compound on the end omatches may be coated with d iWcolored lacquers to give a varieg
appearance when placed ia bo.eLTh,~Jacquen a re p~.red fa
follOWIng manner : Eight ~"" ofvenm rosin are dillO),,1d In amixture of·200 parts ·01·alcoholo4.parts o r gJyeerine .. and 4 0 parao(utiou of shellac added to theIoJuaoo. . The whole is then thorougqitated and, while· yet a rm,JM?UIl4 t~ with t~ ·D~y quan
of eolonng matter. and finally alloto eool,'l"he green iridescent bronze c
which is in g~t demand, requires.the above ~olutlo~ of lacquer 80 pof cl1~ta!lized fuchsine, or 28 ~.m~~:rl"Y l01 ~L . To: prod uce tJtole. !M idltin~lof o~ly ~:.~~~ ofmeth_yl. , 'v18 .requlred ; to r bl.u~iprt of antblue IOlllh!e~in water; for oranp&rta of an Hine oran ge; for 61ue-gI- pQ.rt of methyl-green, For 1I~grUB 2 parts of blue-green are mwi£~ 1 of ora~ge; and f ? J : red. 32 ~or.ooral1me. WIth au addition of 2 pof caustic soda-lye, dissolved hiabove Iaequer,
Anli.. h08}) ! to rU8 JlauhM. The p
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
OOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. ~ 186 F'I"REWDRKS :& EXPLO SIVE8
the fricti.on surface' consists of pound.t ~uldl" and ~morpbou8 i pbofr ..Matc"hu wlthout PhQs.plwrus, of anrll?bed 1\1' w~th a .solQllOIl of excellent ~ality, ~~d in the manufaet-
and applied with a brush; nre of WhlCh there 18 not the alightestoC10 parb! ~fal110rpl rou·s ] lh .( ) sp .ho~USj danger, are obtained from tbe follow .
'of py rolusi te or a.ntl~'Ully trl~ul phi de, ig mixture·: 5~t.8parts of chloratend 'S to 6 uf glue .dissolved m water, of potassium, 10 of gum-Arabic, 3 of. prepare ~the .matc},lt~s. the .:ends ~.~e ~.~ t_ra~C&nth, 6 of _py~ lus jte 6 o rdi pped into me l ted " a u] phu r , stean c terrlU oxide, -12 of pul verised g l & S 8 _ f J
cid. or ·wa.x, and th en In to a c.o,ln lW JUad of bich r0111a te of potassi u ~ 3 of s ul .parts ~f chlC ' !. ra te of p?tasSlum~a.nd phur, i~~of chalk, a nd s uffi.c {en t w ater,
' ~ 3 of trisulphide of'antimony mlx~~ Paraffine or sulphur is used for trans-& .solution of 1 part Of glu.e in mitting the. flame to the wood. The
ate r.t. .It ~lust ~~ rel!larked here ~hat matches eau only be ignited by being
IDlx.~I1reof ~Ichronla~ o f pota ss ium struck 01 1 It. surface composed of th-e
an~n~I0l1Y.18 .exc:eed.~ly danger- following mixture: Five parts of anti.~S,.as It IS easily 19nJ.ted by a . shock 01 ' rnony trlsulphide, 3 of amorphous phos-· h · · . 14 f 1 ·. . .te d 4 f I
'II.r.llA-h - 1··' ..... ".I. ......l b L porus} 0 pyro US! , an 0 g ue,~~ t.1 . next~?,guM,«UI e. 1 1 t",e A1norces d)Allumettes are matchesi t l. t l• . Sheets ofpa.per, thm ~a,ste.. prepared from 20 parts of phosphorus.oa~, or wood are ,saturated Wlt~. a 5.5 of guo.cot:t?n, 5 C)(ynlverized woodolution of saltpetre in water to ,!h!ch chareoal, 5 of tron fihngs, 51.5 of sul-been added some ~ub8tan~ emittIng phur and 10 of gum.
n agreeable odor while burning. When .. . I ,
sheets are dry, a thin. layer of a Nickle's Process oj· Preparinq anhosphorus compound\. ~ is used in 411UJ rphDU, Phospborus: / 1 " ' 0 1 ' " the Ordi-
e manufacture of mction matches" nary Artie.let The conversion of ordlnd to which some incombustible sub- n~ry i!1to 8.morp.~·ouJtS phosphorus is.8.CLIJlQe, lUI pulverized glass, fine sand, oomplisbed by heating ordinary phos-
has been added, ~ placed between phoru~ ~rom 4460to 4820 F. in a ~Iosedo~ theDl,.l~v-ing & part of one end iron boiler. After 3 or 4 weeks the
ree . for handIJugot W.heo dry t~,e.2 phosphorus ~s found to !-te convertedbeetl ~ pasted topthe~, and this 18 into a red, brittle mass which 18 groundut up mtl) strips of suitable shape. by millstones under water, and sepa-
atripe ~re then coated w·~th & rated from the. ordinary phosphorusto protect them frODt moistare either ~Ybjs~lphide of carbon or c.auBtic
to prevent their ignition by friction soda, tn which the latter IF soluble.transportation, etc, The temperature requires careful regu
Iatloa, for if it is alto wed to rise to 500M ate/lta 1 I . ! 1 ~ t h01t~. Phol i p~.oMl ,J l . Pre- F ~the amo rph ous phosphorus' quick Iyare ~ paste of 10 parts of dextrine, 75 resumes the ordina~ conditlon, evolv-pulveri~ed chlora~ of _po·~um.' 35 ing "the heat which it had absorbed dur-pulverl~ed rlumblC. dlOXld~., an~ a ing its conversion, arid thus converting
ke quantity 0 . pulverized pyrite. Wlt~ much of the phosphorus into vaporhe necessary quantity of water and l'hia recoaveralon may 'b e Shown by
the end ot'the splints into the' com- heating a little amorphous phoaphorus
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OOR ·MAN··S JAMES BOND Vol !I 1 188 FIREWORKS & gX.PLOSIVE
Henley's' Twentieth Century Formulas 1907
PyrotechnicsIREWORKS ..
'I'Irc C ' hi ( " ' f c . ~ht.~lnien 1 process is~ ofIIr~t}.t 0:\ ida t i - r , U l . . (J_,d<tla ~inn - ! ' " 8.)" be. .. .HII.e~i .d I .v.t ht" ~\tmosp h\~~·(,.\hut J n lnnny
this {s net r-nn.ug I t , a ut i then theist must ern pioy his knowledge
t { '~'\(I 111i.~ry in S(~lt~et~ng' l) x i d i ~ ing agents.F rIu,.~. l "ht l , f of t h-l~~c)xi.! i ' l .it " IIt~nts 'arehui"~ 'tl~~IId nir~les , the ("(feet of which10 pruruote t lie cuntinuan("e of com-
· w h ( L . n it - i s once started. l . ' I !helre ~Pt~(·jflily t J _ ~ l " f u l t o'"dng to th~ir .solid
nature. 4 " r l 1 ~ n ingred] ...~ire ~lee(h.ld to prevent the tOQ speedyi t ) n of the oxidiz iug agents, to regulatee process 01 combustion, such 8.,8
on u-l, .sn nd , and sulphate 0'( potash.h ird l1 t there are the active iugredientsproduce·the desired effec~ prominent
rnotlR "']1 ich are substances tha.t inurHb flame impart some special
to it. n.riHiancy and brightnesse imparted by steel, zinc, and copper
Other. substances employed are" W I th gunpow~er.t and, fort re purposes, Iy(:o pod1um, ~
Fireworks may be classified underur heads, vis.:1. 'Single fireworks.
!l~Terrestrial Iireworks, which are
. : u p.on the ground .·~nd th ~ 'm edirect from the surface.
9~ Atmospheric 6:rewor ks, which begineir display ill the air, . ¥ • .. .
·4.Aquatic fireworks,
In
which oxida-is so intense that t.hey produce aame under water,
Rockets ..-First arid foremost amongmas pheri e f reworks a r e o rock.ets" made"different aizes, each requiring a s.lightl,r
percenfage composition. A goodrmula is
Sulphur ..~... '0 " " L " " 0 • 1partCarbon. wood ... , . ~~ 2 partsNiter I • ., r 0 " • •• 4 " , • " 0 " 4 pa rts
?- .I.ea l pow der ~,.. + ~ ~ ~ 0 1part
Meal 1 ?o,,'d er is a . 6 n~ black or browdust, \vtnch acts as a diluent,
Roman Cattdles.-Ro.n1an candles arsomewhat after the sam e. prin c iple , Aaverage formula is:
SuI ph.ur•.. ~•. "~". t ;0
en rbon ... ~" 4' • ~ ~ ~ .. , ...
4 part8:S parts8parts·te-r +" ~ Iii iI Iii ~ !I • fi! II! .. ~ •••
Powdered sulphur 0" ~ 1 ouncePotassium nitrate I. . 0 ouncesPowdered charcoal "' 11h ouncesIron ftlings ~,. + + , I I i 2 ouncesAlumtnum 'powde r I " % ounce
mixed in sbellac to a . thidt e.reamy eosisten cy, Dip the wires in the m lxtuand then insert the base end of wiresholes drilled into a boa rd, until the mi
ture dries. Repeat this process until eawire is covered 'with a tblck eeat,
COLORED :FIRES41
The compounds should be ignited insmall pill box resting on a plate. All thingredients must be d~ied and.~powdereseparately ~ and then 11gP.tly nu~ed o~sheet of paper, Always bear In ~lndthat sulp~ur a;nd.chlorate. of potassiumexplode violently if rubbed together ..
S,mokeless Vari-Colored Fire.-Firsta ke ba rytes or .stron tiu rn, ' a nd brin g~ g lo \v in g . hea tin ~.suita b le dish, 'removfrom the fire~and add the shellac. Thlatter lun.powdered) will melt at oncand can then be iri.tinuL tel,. mixed withe. barytes PI'" Bf~on~ium by. m~ans ~spatula.. After. OOOllDS-, pulverize. Om~y also add 48 .bout !~~er cent of. p~'dered m~neslum. to InCre$~e .the e~eT ake lor instance -4 pa rta of bn.ryte~
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
str ontiIIm ,8,n o 1part of shellac.The following salts, if finely powdered
and burned in an iron ladle. with a littlespirits" will communicate to the .flamethe; r pecu liar colors,1)· ~. di hiotassrum nitrate or soc ium C .or.atel
y·cllow.l)otassi um chlorate, violet,
Calci nul. chloride, or~l1getStron ti um nitra te, red"Ilarjum nitrate, apple green ..Copper nitra let; emerald green ..Borax, green.. .Lithiu.m chloride, purple.
The colored fl.·res are used large~yin theprod uetion of vario us thealri cal eRect. ~
Blue Fir'e*-
I ..Ter-sulphuret ofantimony •. ~.... ~SuIphur ,I• t ••• '0 • • .. •
Nit.rate of potassium
II.~Sulphur. ", . ~.. ;,... 15 partsPotassium sul pha.te 15 partsA·mm·oni 'o . . .en p ricsulphate ~~~~. no ~
Charcoal ~.. "'•... t ~ 1partSui ph ur . lI. I ., ,,~ ".' .. t 11 partsPota~siumsulphide.. 88 parts
V .-Ste:a rine.. II ~ • • • ., ~ t' 1al'tBarium earbonate· t • 1partMilk sugar" + • • • + t , • 4 partsPotassium nitrate. " .·F 4 partsPotassium chlorate. Ie partl
As .a general rule" a corresp!l0diul.t.~lt.y of shellae. m~1 b~ ~ken ...ulste.d
th e ·lJ ulp hu~ fo r· inside ~.rew.ork8~The directions for uSlog these solu-ons are simply to imbibe" bibulous ~'".f8 .in them , then. ca re . fu lI1 .· d .r . y an.d 1'0.11htly in to roll s o f s ui ta ble len gthtl accQrd-to the -length of time they are to burn,
is partsIiparts4 parts4 parts!! parts1 pa..rt
8 parts7 partsi·parts
16· parts
.~~parts22 parts6' parts
Fuses~For fuses or ignitin.g papers.following i~ used:
190 FIREwoRKS ~ EXPLOSIVE
Pota SSlUID .nitra te , .. .2 partsLea d aceta. te . . .. . ~. ,. 40 pD rtsWater, a - • " " " ~ 100 parts
Mix and dissolve, and in the solutionplace un sized pa._ P " e . · .r; r a i s e to n .ear Iy a b o . i
an:d keep ·at this telIl~erature .,for
'?min utes. If ·the pa per IS to be ."slow ~it may now b·~taken out, dried, cut intos tri ps , and roll e.d t If to be '"faster t' i theheat is to be contin ued longer. accordingto the q uiekness desiJred. Care. must bta:kel;l t.o avoid boiling, which might disintegrate the. pa per 4In preparing these papers.~ every pre
caution against tire should be tRken~ and
!t:i:llr:~:rb!i~b~~~~ef.bo~n
o ~ : kthe sol utions, etc .. where heat i s neeess . a ry , the water bath should invariablybe used ..
PYROTECHMC MAGIC~
[Ca.ution ..~ When about to place an,.ligbted material in the mouth b e surethat the mouth is w~U ~oated with saliv8. ! t o that you ...re exhaling tke breath. continuoU l f ly . W1 th greater or less force
~eeDtd'tng to th·e amount o f heat yo u canb e a r . .
If the lighted material shows a tendency t~ burn the mouth, do not at temptIf ! d,B f J it 0W qu..c I r l Y I .but sim p. Iy · sh ut tneIips tlghtt and breath e th:ro.ugh the Doseand the fire must go out instantly~
In the Human GaB Trick. where a.flame 10 to 1 0 · i~ches long is ~l.ow.n fromth e mouth. be careful afte-r lighting lb.
DSi Ie COnnAlUJ W 63:kale tAl i lw'lltlt;When you .desi~ thetgaa to go out; sim
e ly Ih u . t the h·ps· tigb~ ..na h old the..reath for a ·few .secondst In this trick~nt¥ the g.s is ·wen out: any .inhalatio·IS !lkely to be attended with the ttl0,8seno UI results,
The &~ve r&l c.au~ioD:,Sa.b(lVe given mabe exa.mlned W l tJ ; t a ..!lghte d m a tch, 5rsre~oV lng, after· lightIng the match, anbnmstone or phosphorus from its end ..
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
POOR NAN IS IJAME'S B_ONQ v.n . 1 t91 FIREWORKS & EXPLOS
To Pire Paper, etc., by Bt$thing on to drif'" Sei6.re to the sponges andit..~Tbi.s secret seems Iittle k.n~wn to one 0 ~them up with the tOJ1gSt and ·conjurers. the h-ead back and drop the blHalf fill a half-ounce bottle with car- sponse in the mouth, ex·pellinl
bon disulphide, and drop in 1or !r~g- breatb al! the ti~e~ Now clo~"omeats of phos'rhotU8'J ea ch. the size of 8 mouth qwe kl:y; .th!s cuts, .. f f the alrpeal which wil quickly di$801ve~ Shake the fla.:me and It Immediately ~oelup the liq ui d, a .nd pour au t a stnaU tea- Be careful ~ot to drop the 'sponge o~"?oIlf,, ul o~t~ a. ~pie.~e of ..blott~ing pa per. ~ace ,or, ~Iu~. ,,~emoye s~on~e ,uThe carbo~ dl!;ulp~lde will qruckly evap ... covee 01 ~ han.~kerchlef before pla
: h : t ; ~ ! ~ ~ ~ ; ~ i c h c~ll: c k t ; ~ : i ~ f ~ 'm : ~h ~ = : : ; : 1 : ; h ; , : : . U t h ~ a k eand burst In~!l Hame . The o~ce-popu~ of common sealing 'WaX in one handIar term FenIan fire w~s ~erl.ved front. a candle. in the other. melt the 'w ax
~ e e n i ~ ~ P f ~ ~ e t h : ; : ~ ; O : I : f l ~ : ~ : gl r : ~ :t ! : : z ~ : ~ ~ , e ,. .T ~ e d~i~t~i:U:ft0h~}lgeB by throwIng &. bottle down a cools it almost Instantly, Care sh,chimney' or t,h!~ug,hft wlndow,~e.b. ,.ot~le be taken not t.o get any on the lips,to brea k and Its conten ts to speedily set Dr handa.fire to the place. " '.. . "For th e purpose of experiment this Demon ~!,ls ,o f Fire~~The perfo
Iiquid should only be prepared in smal] has three <J,-IDch b~as,s...bowls OD, aquantities as· above" '811d any left over and openly pOU~1 or~lDan'" tle~nshould 'be poured away ~pto t.he s ~ n in (may be drunk) lnt~ bowlS,~ntll e3the o~n ~lr, so as to obviate t~ e r19~ of about hall f~IL ,Th,en ~,ys~mJ?ly pa!ire. Thin pap~r may be ~red In a snn- the hand over .~owls they,. ea~h .takdar manner wIth the acid bulbs and and produc~ a.flame 12 to 10 Inc,bespowder already' .men?o~ed. The pow", ,Each bowl contains a~out. !,der should be formed Into a' p ..ste, laId on spoonfuls C ? f ether" upon whIch IS pth.elaper~ and allowed to dry~ Then the a small pl~C~ of the metal pot__
lei, bulb is pasted over the powder" about the SJze cd"8: pe.~. If tlie .ethpure the po~asslum, will ~not b~.upon. When the wa.ter IS pouredtlie howl t,he ether and potassiuraup, the latter actin g vigor.o'Usly owater, evolving hydrogen and Bettinthereto, and to the ether 89 well.The water may be poured into
bowl and llah:ted at command, Inease the. pot~.S$ium .and ether areae~arated iu the bowl" the. former
little cu,p on one side.• and the l a t . ,the bod, of the bowl: Tbe _watpoured m, and D~ rockIng ~he bowlcause~ to wash Into the I~ttle cuppotassium 1Ioats up~ and the fire U
dueed.N, H,-The above tricks are no
in any but specially made bowls;
Buming Brimstone.- Wrap cotton"'1'0und two Imall pi aces (Jf~ brimstonea .nd wet it wi.h gasui J 'ne; take be tw een thef!n_er~, sq?ee,zin~ 'the surplus Hglii~ out.hgnt. It WIth ~ candle •. throw back thehead well, and put it on the tongue blaz ..
ing. Blow fire from, mouth, •.nd observethat ,8 ires.hIy blown ...out candle may be
ijghted from the 8ame~which makes' itmore effective. After Ighung candiechew up brimstone and pretend to s vm llow ill
Btaz ing Spong~. Ttick.~Take ! I i or Ssmall B ponges, 'place th em in 8, ladl e.pour just enough oil or gasoline overthem to wet thejn, Be very careful aotto have enough oil,on them. to cause them
8/3/2019 Firearms] - Fireworks & Explosives Like Granddad Used to Make by Kurt Saxon
owls with l·he wide flange round edgetoev~nt the ac'cide.Dtal Rpilling of' .anyrtion of the burning ether.
The Burning Bana:na.-Place somecohol in n.ladle and Bet fire to it. Dip
banana in the blating alcoh 0 1 alld eatwhile it . is bl azin.g ~ A s · SOOD. as it i8
In the mouth the fire goes· out ..
Sparks,from the Finger Ti~.-T'ake a
p,iece of tin a.l;tout ~~n~'h .wide andIDc~es lon~. Bend,.thls l~ th~ ..5h!1p~
1 a r.aRg~ To the center of th 18 pieceanoth~r small pieee of tin bent in
shape o t a letter U: between the
aftbis·I! place ~ small piece ?f ~axabout
inch long. Take a plece .of
rubber tubing about ifeet in lengthd to one end of this attach a hollow
~aUI.wh ichyo ..... must part.. l . y 6 ..1 .1l~h Ira n .filln,gs~ Place the rubber ban
g the iron filings un der the armd pass the rubber tube down throughsleeve of the coat t? th~ .palm of the
now place th.e tin rIng upo;n Jheid dle finger oj wjt~ the wl;x ta per insidethe hand. Light thIs taper. Dy
the arm down sharplj' on thebber ball, the force Q f the: air will drive
of the iron filin g s th rough the rub-r- tube and out through the flame of therning taper, when they will ignite anduse a b.~atltif~Jl shower ~f sparks to ap-al" to rain fro m the fin gel" t.1ps ..
To Take Boiling Lead in the Mouth ..-e metal used, while not unl ike lead inpearance, is not the ordinary metal,t is really an alloy composed of thellow ing s ubstanees:
Dis m uth" . + + " •• ." ~.. 8 p a .rbiLead. . I' • ~• , , + • ~ • • • • 5' P a . rtsT· .111 . , . , + + • , 1'.. • • .. ~ .. ~ ipa rts
To prepare 'it; first mel t the lead in aucible, then add the bismuth and finallye tin, and stir wen together with a piecetobacco pipe stem. This Ufusible
win m.el t in boiling water~. and aCRS t " " from the alloy will melt if
F!REWORKS & EXPLOSIVE
very hot water be pou red into It, orbo-iling water be stirred w i th it. 'If thwater be n0\' quite ...boiling, as is prettyaure to. be the case It tea. from a. teapot
used, in all proba bili~y the heat will b
insufficient to melt ihe sJ)oon~ B·ut bmelting the alloy and adding to it a sma~ua.n tity of quick s ilver a compound wibe prod uced t .which, thouf. h solid at th'Ordinary temperature, wil melt in. watevery much. belaw the bo ·ili ng po inAno~h~r variety of easHy fusible aHoy·made by melting together
Bismuth, , , , ...• i l . 7 to S . partsLead. . 4 • " ~ ~ • • ;; .. • • 4 partsTin , , : · . . .. ~~,. t.. 2 , parts
Cadmium .. ". "". ,~ 1 to 2 : paetsThis mixture melts at 10So, that. given
above at ~O.3°F~Eithe'r one of the ·se.veral alloys abov
li~en will cont'ai~ co~sidei'a.blYle8s he~than le~d"J and III consequence be the~.;!Jl~·.eu Ittlble fo r tbe pu r poses of 3: "Fi r........n .' '.
" b e n a body i s melted it is raised tocertain tem per a.~·ure and tilen gets. nb.ott~r, not even If the fire' be inereased-c-
~U ~the extra heat g.les to melt the retnainder of the substance,
.Second M ethorll l~T llis is done with~adle con.str'U~t~d similar]y to the- ti~c~In a pre:V10US trick. The Jead, genumethis case, is, .apparent1lJ drunk fr om thIadle, which is then tilted, that it mabe seen to" be empty. The lea.d is conceal ed in the s ee r e t in teri or of the 1adland a solid piece of lead is in conelusiondroP.fed trom the mouth, as congealemeta ..
To Eat" Burning Coala.~In the firplace make a good charcoal Gte in thfurnace. Just before commencing thac t throw in three 'o r four pieces o'f sopine. When burnt. to. a coal one cannoten the difference between this and char
coal, except by sticking a fork· .into iThis' will n at burn in the .least, while thgernune charcoal 'will, You' can stic
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