Fireground Safety for Company Officers Basic Concepts for Company Officers.

Fireground Safety for Company Officers

Basic Concepts for Company Officers

Safety for Company Officers 2

Fireground Safety Officer Responsibilities

Main function is to protect firefighters Anticipate what could happen well before it

does Work within the Incident Command System Duties must be performed with or without

the “safety officer” being present at scene• You may be assigned this function


Firefighter Injuries by Type of Duty 1997

5410

40920

14880

6510

17680

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000

Responding/Returning

Fireground

Nonfire Emergency

Training

Other On-Duty

1997


Total Injuries by Year

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 19941995 1996 1997


Firefighter Fatalities 1979-1997

157171

126140

135125

113

126121

131136

118108109

7577

104969594

68

119

1998*

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

1992

1991

1990

1989

1988

1987

1986

1985

1984

1983

1982

1981

1980

1979

1978

1977


Fire Department Safety Manager Duties

• Occupational Health

• Safety in workplace

• Safety in training

• Records management

• Policy and procedure development

Safety

Manager


Fire Department Safety Manager Programs

• Dept. Safety Officer

• Safety Committees

• Accident/Injury review

• Physical Fitness

• Research

• Safety monitoring

• CISD

• Rehabilitation

Safety

Manager


Fireground Safety Officer (Sector)

Sector Officer Duties• Time Keeping

• Personnel Count

• Building Survey

• Operations

• Accident/Injury Investigation

Stay outside thecollapse zone!


NFPA 1500 Standard Fire Department

Occupational Health and Safety Standard• All encompassing

• References 31 publications

• NFPA 1561

• Created the NFPA 1521 Safety Officer Standard


NFPA 1521 Fire Department Safety Officer Standard (1997)

The Fire Chief shall have the ultimate responsibility for the fire dept. occupational health and safety program as specified in 1500.• Shall have a designated health and safety

officer (2-1.3)• Alternate personnel shall be assigned in

absence of HSO (2-1.3.2)


NFPA 1521 Safety Officer Standard Chapter 1

• Administration– scope; minimum requirements

– purpose; meet intent of 1500

– equivalency; level of qualifications

– definitions; common terminology



• Organization– Assignment

– Qualifications

– Authority



• Functions– Records & Data

– Liaison

– Rules and Regs.

– Accident Prevention

– Apparatus & equip.

– Accident Investigation

– Incident Scene Safety

– Training and Education


Qualifications of the Incident Safety Officer (ISO)

Minimum of Fire Officer I Knowledge and ability to manage incident

scene safety• Training, experience, and knowledge are qualifiers

for this position Must have knowledge of building construction Knowledge of Accountability system used Rehab operations



• References– 1002 Driver

– 1021 Fire Officer

– 1403 Live Fire Training

– 1500 Safety and Health

– 1561 ICS

– 1582 Infection Control



Prerequisite Knowledge What should the safety

officer know?• Building construction

– Structural Collapse Awareness Course

• EMS background

• Rehab profiles

• Accountability systems

• ICS

• Liaison Techniques


Building Construction On the Fireground

• Building construction

• EMS background

• Rehab profiles


• ICS


Building Construction• structural collapse

signs / indicators

• Truss construction

• Live / dead loads

• Impact of fire tactics on structures

– GPM’s

– Ventilation


EMS Background What should the safety


• EMS background

• Rehab profiles


• ICS


EMS Background• Fatigue

• Stress

• Heat exhaustion

• Frostbite

• Dehydration

• Triage

• Needs of EMS crews


Rehab Profiles What should the safety


• EMS background

• Rehab profiles


• ICS


Rehab Profiles• Rotation indicators

– 2 bottle rule

• Duties of rehab crews

• Impact on operations– crew depletion

Rest Hydration Medical Monitoring


Accountability Systems

What should the safety officer know?• Building construction

• EMS background

• Rehab profiles


• ICS


Accountability Systems• Passport or other

• In use by all members

• Crews accountability to each other is essential

• Best use on fireground comes from use in training

• Movement between sectors


Incident Command System

What should the safety officer know?• Building construction

• EMS background

• Rehab profiles


• ICS


Incident Command System• Safety Officer is part of

Command Staff– Sector

– Consult / advise Command of actions

– Participate in planning process


Liaison Techniques What should the safety


• EMS background

• Rehab profiles


• ICS


Liaison Techniques• Understanding of outside

agency participation in incident

– excavators

– utilities

• Oversight of mutual aid companies

– conflicting values?


Incident Safety Officer Dispatch of ISO

• Report of Fire (Company Officers)

• Working Fires

• HazMat/Special Operations

• Mass Casualty

• Report of Injured or Trapped Firefighters


Arrival On Scene Don full protective

clothing• Same levels of

protection as crews operating

Report to IC for briefing• Review action plan

• Accountability in use

• RIT in place


Major Areas of Responsibility Identify unsafe conditions, operations, or

hazards that pose risk to firefighters Once identified the Safety Officer must:

• Immediately alter, suspend or terminate activities that are IMMINENT HAZARDS

• Through command, alter conditions or activities that are NOT imminent


Authority of the Incident Safety Officer

Complete authority to alter, suspend or terminate those activities judged to be unsafe of involving imminent hazard.


Classic Risk Management Plan Risk a lot within a calculated plan to save a

lot Risk a little within a calculated plan to save

a little Risk nothing to save nothing


Ongoing Responsibilities Firefighters continue to work within the risk

management plan Incident Commander has established rehab Continuously monitor the fireground

conditions Ensure that accountability system is used Collapse and Hot Zones are established and

communicated


Ongoing Responsibilities Evaluate motor vehicle scene traffic hazards

and vehicle placement Monitor radio traffic Evaluate the need and request assignment

of assistant safety officers


Specific Incidents - Structural Rapid Intervention Team in place Evaluation of collapse potential and

establishment of ZONES Evaluate smoke conditions for potential

deterioration of situations Monitor access and egress points


Specific Incidents - EMS Operations

Infection control practices Incident Scene rehabilitation Critical Incident Stress management Traffic Safety Accountability


Specific Incidents - HazMat Overall safety

• HazMat safety officer assigned at operational level

– Work with HazMat safety officer to coordinate events

Ensure that Hot, Warm and Cold Zones are established and marked

Participate in planning session with IC


Specific Incidents - Special Operations

Similar to HazMat• Training should be equivalent to duties of

special operations members• May serve as plan review position working

with special operations member


MABAS DIVISION 10--SAFETY OFFICER CHECKLIST

PERSONNEL Protective Equipment and SCBA are in place and used Pass devices are on and being used Accountability system in place- Tactic sheet with command Is freelancing occurring? Has freelance company/person been reported to Command? Are sectors in place and being used. Rotation of crews—time checks Re-Hab in Place

BUILDING Collapse potential. Collapse zone established—sectors notified Identify type of construction LIGHT WEIGHT OR TRADITIONAL Heavy Stream use- is water draining from the building? Special hazards Electrical wire/line danger Overhead dangers Gas shut off Are pre-plans available for Command

OPERATIONS Flashover potential Backrdraft potential Smoke color, volume & density Per Cent of building involvement ______________ Estimated required water flow ______________ Ladders to second flow around building Exposures protected Air quality and other environmental hazards Structural Integrity

INCIDENT Command Post established and namedCOMMAND Accountability confirmed

Communications officer on scene ReHab and Medic team established Ambulance standing by on scene Confirm what sectors are assigned RIT Assignment _______________________________________

ACCIDENTS Brief report for all minor injuries and required treatment by medics.& INJURIES Injured persons name & Department. Statement/report taken.

Final injury report to Incident Commander. Scene is clear of bloodborne problems. Severe injuries:

Confiscate all equipment as required. Order urine/blood tests if required. Order video and photos as needed Notify OSHA/IDOL with three or more injuries or fatality

Time of all 10 MIN 20 MIN 30 MIN 45 MINBrief Incident CommandWalk around BuildingSearch and RescueProgress Reports GivenConfirm Accountability



Sector Officer• Time Keeping

• Personnel Count

• Building Survey

• Operations


Time Keeping• Time of call

• First entry by crews

• Duration of interior attack

• Any significant events– flashover

– ventilation

– rescue




• Personnel Count

• Building Survey

• Operations


Personnel Count• Interior crews

• Where assigned

• Teams established

• Accountability system in place and in use




• Personnel Count

• Building Survey

• Operations


Building Survey• How long burning• Determined fire location• Integrity of roof/walls/ floors• Attention to Truss• Minimize exposure

under/over large spans• Utilities OFF• Survey overhead hazards


Fireground Safety OfficerFireground Operations

Operations• Adequate flow/ GPM’s

• Secondary escapes

• Attention to ladder work

• Observe collapse danger zones

• Smoke volume, color, force

• Fall hazards

Operations (con’t)• Air monitoring

• Observe rehab profiles

• Additional hazards– traffic

– heat / cold

– passive smoke in operations area




• Personnel Count

• Building Survey

• Operations


Accident / Injury Investigation• Injured to hospital

• Retain all equipment

• Order blood / urine tests

• Respond to hospital for interviews

• Follow-up reporting after incident


Fireground Safety OfficerPost-Incident Responsibilities

Before leaving scene• Secure scene

• CISD indicators?

• Legal considerations

• Brief Command on incident observations

Within 24 hours• Develop an incident

review form and submit to Chief

• Participate in critique, CISD

• Participate in investigations of injuries and fatalities


Case History


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Fireground Safety for Company Officers Basic Concepts for Company Officers.

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