FIRST AID AND ATHLETIC TRAINING

8/14/2019 FIRST AID AND ATHLETIC TRAINING

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BACKGROUND

INFORMATIONOver the years, athletic training hasOver the years, athletic training has

evolved into a specialization withinevolved into a specialization within

sports medicine. Its major concernsports medicine. Its major concernis the health and safety of athletes.is the health and safety of athletes.

In order to learn about theIn order to learn about the

prevention and care of injuries, weprevention and care of injuries, wefirst must learn the role of everyonefirst must learn the role of everyone

on the sports medicine team.on the sports medicine team.


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FIRST AID AND ATHLETIC

TRAINING

(PETH 326)


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Chapter 1

The Athletic Trainer and The Sports

Medicine Team

s FIRST AID: Is the immediate care orFIRST AID: Is the immediate care or

treatment that is given to an injured or illtreatment that is given to an injured or illperson before professional medical aid canperson before professional medical aid can

be obtained.be obtained.

s

ATHELETIC TRAINING: An allied healthATHELETIC TRAINING: An allied healthprofession that is concerned with the healthprofession that is concerned with the health

and safety for athletes and the physicallyand safety for athletes and the physically

active.active.


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Who is Physically Active?

Athletes?

Blue Collar Workers?

Recreational Participants?

Moms?

Gas Station Attendants?

Insurance Sales Person?

ETC.


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ATHLETIC TRAINING

s Athletic Trainer: aAthletic Trainer: a

specialist in athleticspecialist in athletic

training concernedtraining concernedwith the completewith the complete

health care of thehealth care of the

athlete.athlete.


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ATHLETIC TRAINING

s The athletic trainerThe athletic trainer

provides a major linkprovides a major link

between athletics andbetween athletics andthe medicalthe medical

community.community.


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ATHLETIC TRAINING

s The athletic trainer isThe athletic trainer is

responsible for injuryresponsible for injury

prevention, emergencyprevention, emergencycare, and rehabilitationcare, and rehabilitation

of sports relatedof sports related

injuries.injuries.


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History and Background of

Athletic Trainings Prior to NATA in 1950Prior to NATA in 1950

x Greek and Roman PeriodGreek and Roman Period

x Intercollegiate SportsIntercollegiate Sportsx First NATA in 1938-44First NATA in 1938-44

x WWIIWWII

s NATA formed in Kansas CityNATA formed in Kansas City

in 1950in 1950

s Growth and Development SinceGrowth and Development Since

19501950


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SPORTS MEDICINEs

Definition:Definition: A generic term used toA generic term used todescribe a group of professions thatdescribe a group of professions that

assist in the health and performanceassist in the health and performance

of the athleteof the athlete

s Areas of Specialization in SportsAreas of Specialization in SportsMedicineMedicine

3 Medical disciplinesMedical disciplines

3 Athletic trainingAthletic training

3 Physical therapyPhysical therapy3 Exercise physiologyExercise physiology

3 BiomechanicsBiomechanics

3 etc.etc.


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Sports Medicine Organizations

s American College of Sports MedicineAmerican College of Sports Medicine

s International Federation of Sports MedInternational Federation of Sports Med

s American Orthopedic Society for S. M.American Orthopedic Society for S. M.

s National Strength & Conditioning Assoc.National Strength & Conditioning Assoc.

s Sports Physical Therapy Section of APTASports Physical Therapy Section of APTA

s NCAA Comm. On Competitive Safeguards andNCAA Comm. On Competitive Safeguards and

Medical Aspects of SportsMedical Aspects of Sportss NATANATA


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THE SPORTS MEDICINE TEAM

s Athletic Trainer: most directly responsibleAthletic Trainer: most directly responsible

for all phases of health care in an athleticfor all phases of health care in an athletic

environment.environment.s Team Physician: directs the medical care ofTeam Physician: directs the medical care of

the athlete and the care given by the athleticthe athlete and the care given by the athletic

trainer.trainer.

s Orthopedic Physician: directs care of theOrthopedic Physician: directs care of the

musculoskeletal injuries.musculoskeletal injuries.

s

Other PhysiciansOther Physicians


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s CoachesCoaches

s BiomechanistsBiomechanists

s Exercise PhysiologistsExercise Physiologistss AdministratorsAdministrators

(Athletic Director)(Athletic Director)

s

EMTs & ParamedicsEMTs & Paramedicss School NurseSchool Nurse

s Physical TherapistPhysical Therapist


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s NutritionistNutritionist

s PsychologistPsychologist

s ChiropractorChiropractors Others Others

s All are responsible to workAll are responsible to work

together to provide propertogether to provide properhealth care and a safehealth care and a safe

environment for the athlete.environment for the athlete.


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Responsibilities of the Team

Physicians First, to serve as an advisor and director toFirst, to serve as an advisor and director to

the athletic trainer or coach.the athletic trainer or coach.

s Physical exams and medical historiesPhysical exams and medical histories

s Diagnosing injuries and determining theDiagnosing injuries and determining the

health status of the athletehealth status of the athlete

s Deciding on return to playDeciding on return to play

s Attend practices and gamesAttend practices and games

s

Committed to sports and the athleteCommitted to sports and the athlete


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Responsibilities of the Coach

s In the absence of an athletic trainer and teamIn the absence of an athletic trainer and team

physician, the coach must assume the directphysician, the coach must assume the direct

responsibility for the health of the athlete.responsibility for the health of the athlete.


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Responsibilities of the Coach

s Coaches must demonstrate a high profileCoaches must demonstrate a high profile

for safety, and show that they really care.for safety, and show that they really care.

s Respect the skills and insight of the athleticRespect the skills and insight of the athletic

trainer and physician, who must have thetrainer and physician, who must have the

last word concerning injuries.last word concerning injuries.

s Know legal responsibilities for injuriesKnow legal responsibilities for injuries


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Roles and Responsibilities of the

Athletic Trainers Performance DomainsPerformance Domains

x Prevention of athletic injuriesPrevention of athletic injuries

x Evaluation and assessment of injuriesEvaluation and assessment of injuries

x Immediate care of injuriesImmediate care of injuries

x Treatment, rehabilitation and reconditioning ofTreatment, rehabilitation and reconditioning of

injuriesinjuriesx Health care administrationHealth care administration

x Professional DevelopmentProfessional Development


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Athletic Trainers Education Council Competency DomainsEducation Council Competency Domains

x Acute careAcute care

x Assessment and evaluationAssessment and evaluation

x General medical conditions & disabilitiesGeneral medical conditions & disabilities

x Health care administrationHealth care administration

xNutritional aspects of injury/illnessNutritional aspects of injury/illnessx Pathology of injury/illnessPathology of injury/illness


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Athletic Trainers Education Council Competency DomainsEducation Council Competency Domains

x Pharmacological aspects of injury/illnessPharmacological aspects of injury/illness

x Professional developmentProfessional development

x Psychological intervention and referralPsychological intervention and referral

x Risk management and injury preventionRisk management and injury prevention

x Therapeutic exerciseTherapeutic exercisex Therapeutic modalitiesTherapeutic modalities


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Athletic Trainer Roles and

Responsibilities of thes Injury Prevention and RiskInjury Prevention and Risk

ManagementManagementx Ensuring appropriate training &Ensuring appropriate training &

conditioningconditioning

x Monitoring environmentalMonitoring environmentalconditionsconditions

x Managing protective equipmentManaging protective equipment

x Counseling about proper nutritionCounseling about proper nutritionx Appropriate medication educationAppropriate medication education

& use& use


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Responsibilities of thes Recognition, Evaluation, and Assessment ofRecognition, Evaluation, and Assessment of

Athletic InjuriesAthletic Injuries

x

Conducting Physical ExaminationsConducting Physical Examinationsx Understanding the pathology of injury/illnessUnderstanding the pathology of injury/illness

x Utilizing Evaluation ProceduresUtilizing Evaluation Procedures

x Referring to medical specialistsReferring to medical specialists


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Responsibilities of thes Immediate Care of Injury andImmediate Care of Injury and

IllnessIllness

x

Initial assessmentInitial assessmentx Administering appropriate firstAdministering appropriate first

aidaid

x Providing emergency careProviding emergency care


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Responsibilities of thes Treatment, Rehabilitation &Treatment, Rehabilitation &

ReconditioningReconditioning

x Designing rehabilitationDesigning rehabilitation

programsprograms3 Therapeutic exerciseTherapeutic exercise

3 Rehabilitative equipmentRehabilitative equipment

3 Manual therapyManual therapy

x Supervising rehabilitationSupervising rehabilitation

programsprogramsx Incorporating therapeuticIncorporating therapeutic

modalitiesmodalities

x Education and counseling ofEducation and counseling of

injuriesinjuries


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Responsibilities of thes Organization and AdministrationOrganization and Administration

x Record keepingRecord keeping

x

Ordering equipment and suppliesOrdering equipment and suppliesx Supervising personnelSupervising personnel

x Establishing policies of operationEstablishing policies of operation

x Maintaining athlete dataMaintaining athlete data

x Organizing insurance issuesOrganizing insurance issues


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Responsibilities of thes Professional Development andProfessional Development and

ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

x

Being a lifelong learner of theBeing a lifelong learner of thefieldfield

x Maintaining CEUs forMaintaining CEUs for

certificationcertification

x

Educate the publicEducate the publicx Involvement in professionalInvolvement in professional

organizationsorganizations


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Employment Settings for the

Athletic Trainerx Public and Private HighPublic and Private High

SchoolsSchools

x Colleges and UniversitiesColleges and Universities

x Professional TeamsProfessional Teams

x Sports Medicine ClinicsSports Medicine Clinics

x Industrial SettingsIndustrial Settings

x

HospitalsHospitalsx Health and Fitness CentersHealth and Fitness Centers

x Other Future Directions???Other Future Directions???


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Chapter 2

Health Care Administration


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Establishing a System For Athletic

Training Health Cares Develop a planDevelop a plan

x A planning process with those involvedA planning process with those involved

x A mission statement must be decidedA mission statement must be decided

s Develop a policies and procedures manualDevelop a policies and procedures manual

s Design an athletic training facilityDesign an athletic training facilityx SizeSize

x LocationLocationx Storage facilitiesStorage facilities

x officesoffices


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Training Health Cares Design an athletic training roomDesign an athletic training room

x Special services sectionSpecial services section3

Treatment areaTreatment area3 Electrotherapy areaElectrotherapy area

3 Hydrotherapy areaHydrotherapy area

3 Rehabilitation areaRehabilitation area

3

Taping areaTaping area3 Examination areaExamination area

3 Records areaRecords area


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Training Health Cares Other concerns (PP Manual)Other concerns (PP Manual)

x Who do you serve?Who do you serve?

x

Facility and personnel coverage?Facility and personnel coverage?x Insurance?Insurance?

x Emergency telephone?Emergency telephone?

x Budgetary concerns?Budgetary concerns?

x Security and safety issues?Security and safety issues?

x Emergency management?Emergency management?

x Access to other health care providers?Access to other health care providers?


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Training Health Cares Other Concerns (PP Manual)Other Concerns (PP Manual)

x Record keepingRecord keeping

3 Medical recordsMedical records3 Injury reportsInjury reports

3 Treatment logsTreatment logs

3 Personal informationPersonal information

3 Injury evaluationInjury evaluation

3 Etc.Etc.


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Training Health Cares Other Concerns (PP Manual)Other Concerns (PP Manual)

x Preparticipation examsPreparticipation exams

3 Physician examPhysician exam3 Station examStation exam

3 Medical historyMedical history

3 Maturity assessmentMaturity assessment

3 Orthopedic screeningOrthopedic screening

x Medical recordsMedical records


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Pre-season Physical Exams

s HistoryHistory

s OrthopedicsOrthopedics

s Vital signsVital signss VisionVision

s ENTENT

s SkinSkins CardiovascularCardiovascular

s UrinalysisUrinalysis

x Drug Testing?Drug Testing?

s Blood testsBlood testss Cardio-RespiratoryCardio-Respiratory

s NeurologicalNeurological

s

Lymphatic / AbdomenLymphatic / Abdomenand Reproductiveand Reproductive


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Sport Disqualification

s Certain injuries or conditions may warrantCertain injuries or conditions may warrant

concerns relative to continued participation.concerns relative to continued participation.

However, the athletic trainer, coach, orHowever, the athletic trainer, coach, oreven the physician can only recommend.even the physician can only recommend.

The ADA of 1990 clearly states that theThe ADA of 1990 clearly states that the

individual athlete and/or parents is the onlyindividual athlete and/or parents is the onlyperson who can make the final decision.person who can make the final decision.


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Collecting Injury Data

s The Incidence of InjuriesThe Incidence of Injuries

x Accident: an unplanned event resulting in lossAccident: an unplanned event resulting in loss

of time, property damage, injury, disablement,of time, property damage, injury, disablement,

or even death.or even death.

x Injury: damage to the body that restricts activityInjury: damage to the body that restricts activity

or causes disability.or causes disability.3

Risk of injury is determined by the type of sportRisk of injury is determined by the type of sportand the amount and level of participation.and the amount and level of participation.

3 The type of injury can also be expected by the sportThe type of injury can also be expected by the sport

and level of participationand level of participation


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s Incidence of InjuriesIncidence of Injuries

x Sports ClassificationsSports Classifications3 CollisionCollision

3 ContactContact3 Non-contactNon-contact

x Injury classificationsInjury classifications3 FatalitiesFatalities

3

Catastrophic injuriesCatastrophic injuries3 Musculoskeletal injuries (contusions, strains, etc.)Musculoskeletal injuries (contusions, strains, etc.)

3 Acute vs ChronicAcute vs Chronic

x Incidence: kneeIncidence: knee ankleankle upper extremityupper extremity


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s National Injury Data CollectingNational Injury Data Collecting

SystemsSystems3 National Safety CouncilNational Safety Council

3 American Football Coaches AssociationAmerican Football Coaches Association

3 NCAA Nat. Survey of Catastrophic InjuryNCAA Nat. Survey of Catastrophic Injury

3 NATANATA

3 OthersOthers

s Using Injury DataUsing Injury Data3 Modify rulesModify rules

3 Education of risksEducation of risks

3 Evaluate protective equipmentEvaluate protective equipment


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Professional Preparation of the

Athletic Trainers Professional Educational ProgramsProfessional Educational Programs

x Approved Curriculums: NATA/CAAHEPApproved Curriculums: NATA/CAAHEP

x Internship programs (not after 2004)Internship programs (not after 2004)

s Certification Req. NATABOC ExamCertification Req. NATABOC Exam

s Continuing Education Requirements (CEU)Continuing Education Requirements (CEU)

s State Regulations (Licensure)State Regulations (Licensure)

s Future Directions for Athletic TrainingFuture Directions for Athletic Training


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Legal Concerns and Insurance

Issues

Chapter 3


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Legal Concerns

s Liability: being legally responsible for theLiability: being legally responsible for theharm one causes another person.harm one causes another person.

sNegligence: the failure to useNegligence: the failure to use ordinaryordinary andandreasonablereasonable care.care.

s Torts: are legal wrongs committed againstTorts: are legal wrongs committed againstthe person or property of anotherthe person or property of anotherx OmissionOmission

x CommissionCommission


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Legal Concerns

s Statutes of Limitation: sets a specific length ofStatutes of Limitation: sets a specific length of

time that individuals may sue for damages fromtime that individuals may sue for damages from

negligence (1-3 years).negligence (1-3 years).s Assumption of Risk: assuming the risk ofAssumption of Risk: assuming the risk of

participating in an activity while knowing theparticipating in an activity while knowing the

dangers of the activity.dangers of the activity.


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Reducing the Risk of Litigation

s Warn athletes of the potential dangers of the sportWarn athletes of the potential dangers of the sport

s Supervise regularlySupervise regularly

s Properly prepare and condition athletesProperly prepare and condition athletes

s Properly instruct athletes in the skills of the sportProperly instruct athletes in the skills of the sport

s Use proper and safe equipment and facilitiesUse proper and safe equipment and facilities

s Establish good personal relationships with theEstablish good personal relationships with the

athletesathletess Develop and follow an emergency planDevelop and follow an emergency plan

s Be aware of the athletes health status and medicalBe aware of the athletes health status and medical

historyhistory


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s Keep good records of injuries andKeep good records of injuries and

rehabilitationrehabilitation

s Document efforts to create a safe playingDocument efforts to create a safe playingenvironmentenvironment

s Obtain written consent to provide healthObtain written consent to provide health

carecares Maintain confidentiality of medical recordsMaintain confidentiality of medical records


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s Use only the therapeutic methods andUse only the therapeutic methods and

medicine that you are qualified to give.medicine that you are qualified to give.

s Work cooperatively with the coach andWork cooperatively with the coach andteam physician when selecting equipment.team physician when selecting equipment.

s Do not permit injured players to participateDo not permit injured players to participate

s Purchase professional liability insurancePurchase professional liability insurance

s Use common sense when making decisionsUse common sense when making decisions


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Insurance

s Managed careManaged carex Primary health insurancePrimary health insurance

3 Standard policyStandard policy

3

PPOPPO3 HMOHMO

x Secondary health insuranceSecondary health insurance

s

Accident insuranceAccident insurances Professional liability insuranceProfessional liability insurance

s Catastrophic insuranceCatastrophic insurance


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Third-Party Reimbursement for

Athletic Trainers

s This is a new developmentThis is a new development

s It is very time consumingIt is very time consuming

s The A.T.C. must file insurance claimsThe A.T.C. must file insurance claimsimmediately and correctlyimmediately and correctly

s The A.T.C. must use Current ProceduralThe A.T.C. must use Current Procedural

Terminology (CPT) codes published by theTerminology (CPT) codes published by theAMAAMA

s Third-Party Reimbursement Research atThird-Party Reimbursement Research atIWUIWU

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