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OUTLINE
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
PUT ON A FIELD OR PRESSURE DRESSING
APPLY DRESSING TO AN OPEN HEAD WOUND
SPLINT A SUSPECTED FRACTURE
PREVENT OR CONTROL SHOCK
CHECK FOR RESPONSIVENESS
a. Ask in a loud, but calm voice “Are you okay?”
b. Gently shake or tap the casualty on the shoulder.
c. Watch for a response.
d. If the casualty is conscious, ask where it hurts.
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
CHECK FOR BREATHING
a. Look for the rise and fall of the casualty’s chest.
b. Listen for breathing by placing your ear about 1 inch away from the casualty’s mouth and nose.
c. Feel for breathing by placing your cheek about 1 inch above the casualty’s mouth and nose.
d. If casualty is not breathing, stop the evaluation and begin treatment.
a. Look for spurts of blood or blood-soaked clothing.
b. Look for entry and exit wounds.
c. If bleeding is present, stop the evaluation and begin treatment.
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
CHECK FOR BLEEDING
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
CHECK FOR SHOCK
a. Look for signs/symptoms of shock.
Sweaty but cool skin Paleness of the skin Thirst Confusion Blotchy or bluish skin, mostly around the mouth
b. If signs or symptoms of shock are present, stop the evaluation and begin treatment.
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
CHECK FOR FRACTURES
a. Look for the following signs/symptoms of a neck or back injury.
Pain or tenderness in the neck or back area Cuts or bruises in the neck or back area Inability of a casualty to move Loss of sensation in the arms and legs
b. Check the casualty’s arms and legs for fractures.c. If signs or symptoms of fractures are present, stop the evaluation and begin treatment.
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
CHECK FOR BURNS
a. Look carefully for reddened, blistered, or charred skin.
b. Check for singed clothing.
c. If signs or symptoms of burns are present, stop the evaluation and begin treatment.
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
CHECK FOR HEAD INJURY
a. Look for the following signs and symptoms. Unequal pupils
Loss of memory or consciousness Dizziness Fluid from the ear(s), nose, mouth, or injury site
b. Continue to watch for signs which would require performance of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, treatment for shock, or control of bleeding, and seek medical aid.
EVALUATE A CASUALTY
Check for Responsiveness Check for Breathing Check for Bleeding Check for Shock Check for Fractures Check for Burns Check for Head Injuries
Secure dressing in place directly over wound
Wrap tails so that dressing is covered and both sides are sealed
Apply firm manual pressure over the dressing for 5 to 10 minutes
Elevate above the level of the heart unless a fracture is suspected and has not been splinted
If bleeding continues, apply pressure dressing
Place a wad of padding directly over the wound
Wrap improvised dressing tightly around the wound.
Secure directly on top of wound.
Bring one tail across the forehead above the eyebrows, and the other tail over the back of the head. Tie tails using nonslip
knot.
SPLINT A FRACTURE
a. Prepare the casualty for splinting the fracture.
b. Gather splinting materials
Splints, ties, and padding
c. Pad the splints where they will touch any bony part of the body, such as wrist, elbow, ankle, or knee. Also pad where they will touch the crotch or armpit.
d. Check for signs of blood circulation.
e. Apply splint.
Tie nonslip knots above and below the fracture site.
Check to make sure ties will securely hold splinting materials in place, but do not impair
blood circulation
Swathes
When splinting elbow fractures, or when a suspected fracture cannot be splinted, apply a swathe above and below the
fracture site.
PREVENT OR CONTROL SHOCK
Sweaty but cool skin Paleness of skin Nausea
Restlessness and confusion Blotchy or bluish skin Thirst Loss of blood Fast breathing rate
SIGNS OR SYMPTOMS
PREVENT OR CONTROL SHOCK
Position the casualty.
Move casualty to cover if situation permits Lay the casualty on their back unless a sitting position will allow the casualty to breath easier Elevate the casualty’s feet higher than the the heart
PREVENT OR CONTROL SHOCK
Loosen up restrictive clothing at the neck, waist, or anywhere it is binding
Prevent the casualty from chilling or overheating
Calm and reassure the casualty
Seek medical aid