• Leif Eriksson • First European on North American soil

(1000)• Greenland to Baffin Island to

Newfoundland• Named it Vinland• Stayed one winter

Why might they only have stayed one winter?

Thorvald (1004) visits Vinland Encountered Aboriginal group Called them Skraelings (meant

barbarians) They attacked the Aborginals Thorvald was killed in the battle

Why do you think that Thorvald attacked the Aboriginal people?

Thorfinn Karlsefin (1010) Ship full of 250 men and women Son Snorri = First European born in

North America Conflict or weather caused them to

leave Lots of mystery surrounding the

Vikings Oral tradition (nothing written down) 500 years before another European

sets foot on Canadian soil.

What other people have a strong oral tradition?

1497 Cost of Newfoundland Claimed land for England Was in search of India (gold, silk, species) Found Grand Banks Fishing was as easy as dropping a basket in the water King of England pleased (owned apart of Asia) Sent John on second voyage Rumours = he was lost at sea England lost interest in exploring new land. Fishing did continue

What was John searching for? What did he end up finding instead?

Three separate voyages 1st met Chief Donnacona (Iroquois

nation) Helped explorers Showed them how to cook the food they

had Cartier kidnapped Donnacona’s two

sons Brought them back to France

Why would Cartier kidnap Donnacona’s son?

Kidnapped to be translators Sons lied to King of France Lands full of gold and silver Second Voyage St. Lawrence River to Stadacona (Quebec City) Donnacona warned Cartier about going further Cartier traveld to Hochelga (Montreal) Not the way to Asia Returned to Stadacona Iroquois saved some of his crew, but many died

Why do you think Donnacona wouldn’t want Cartier

to go further down the river?

SECOND VOYAGE CONTINUED

Kidnapped 10 Iroquois Donnacona was one Promised return home None ever made it back home Third voyage Met by unhappy Iroquois Very short visit

Does anyone know what Cartier is known for?

“The Father of New France”1603 France to CanadaWith the help of the Mi’kmaq

established first colony at Port-Royal 1605.

1608 he built a second colony at present day Quebec.

What kind of fur do you think they traded for?

Met the Huron at present day Montreal Good relationship wit the Huron people 1609 allied with Huron and waged war

on the Iroquois nation Led to constant fighting

Why do think Champlain would agree to wage war on the Iroquois nation?

Constant war and diseases weakened Huron

1649 Iroquois almost entirely wipe out Huron

Champlain died in 1635 in Montreal

Do you think Champlain should have got in the middle of the fight between the

Huron and Iroquois nations?

HENRY HUDSON 1607-1611 Four voyages in search of Asia First two led to north pole Third led to the United States Fourth led to Hudson and James Bay area Never made it home from final voyage Believed his crew left him behind His exploring led to British fur trade

Why do you think his men would leave him behind?

What do you think is named after Henry Hudson?

HENRY KELSEY First European to see Saskatchewan and other

prairie provinces 1690-1691 Lived with the Plains people Hudson Bay Company = 40 years Lived peacefully among the Aboriginal people Convinced the Plains people to trade with the

Hudson Bay Company

How do you think he was able to have such a successful relationship with the Aboriginal

people?Can anyone tell me what the Hudson Bay

Company is?