Date post: | 02-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | stephen-park |
View: | 216 times |
Download: | 0 times |
FIRST OPERATING EXPERIENCE ON A 120kW DUAL CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED (DCFB)
SYSTEM FOR CHEMICAL LOOPING COMBUSTION
4th International Workshop on In-Situ CO2 Removal
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf, H. Hofbauer
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 2
Outline
Short introduction to chemical looping combustion
The Dual Circulating Fluidized Bed (DCFB) reactor system
Cold flow model results
First experimental results
Conclusions
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 3
Chemical looping combustion principles I
A new process for oxidising fuels using metal oxides as oxygen carriers transporting oxygen from combustion air to fuel
no mixing of combustion air and fuel, combustion products (CO2 and H2O) not diluted by N2
Highly exothermal reactions in air reactor
Fuel reactor is exothermic/endothermic depending on fuel and oxygen carrier
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 4
Chemical looping combustion principles II
Inherent CO2 separation
No energy penalty for separation of CO2
Gaseous fuels
Solid fuels have to be gasified (potentially inside FR)
Active metals for oxygen carriers: Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 5
Chemical looping combustion principles III
Fuel reactor reactions:
→Chemical looping reforming: • partial oxidation• steam reforming
Air reactor reaction:
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 6
CLC technology status
Fast fluidized air reactor
Bubbling bed fuel reactor
Potential gas slip in FR (no reactions in freeboard)
However: excellent gas-solid contact needed in both reactors
air
reac
tor
(AR
)
fuelreactor(FR)
LS
LS
air
fuel
exhaustAR
exhaustFR
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 7
Proposed systems employing two CFB reactors
stea
mg
asif
ier
air
solid fuel
flue gas
product gas
steam
char
com
bu
sto
r
red
uce
rair
solid fuel
oxidizer exhaust (N2 )
reducer exhaust (CO2 )
steam
oxi
diz
er
Batelle/FERCO gasifier Alstom concept
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 8
Dual circulation fluidized bed (DCFB) reactor system I
DCFB features:→Global solids circulation is
controlled by primary reactor fluidization only (eg. air staging)
→Secondary reactor can be optimized towards fuel conversion
→Inherent stabilization of global solids hold up due to the direct hydraulic link between the reactors
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 9
Dual circulation fluidized bed (DCFB) reactor system II
DCFB features:→High potential for scale-up
→Optimized gas-solids contact compared to bubbling fluidized beds
→Low reactor volume compared to bubbling fluidized beds (ie. low solids inventory)
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 10
AR/FR regime map
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 11
DCFB cold flow model (1)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0 20 40 60 80 100Pressure relative to ambient pressure [mbar]
Geom
etrica
l heig
ht [m
]
AR PI cyclone exit
ULS PI 1
ULS PI 26
AR PI 1
FR PI 1
.
V AR = 30.3 Nm3.h-1
.
V FR = 10.1 Nm3.h-1
.
V LLS = 1.5 Nm3.h-1
bed inventory = 5 kg
AR PI 2
AR PI 3
AR PI 4
AR PI 5
AR PI 6
AR PI 7
FR PI 2
3
4
5
FR PI cycl. exit
FR int.LS PI 2, 1
LLS PI
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 12
DCFB cold flow model (2)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 20 40 60 80 100Part of primary level air in total AR fluidization [%]
Solid
s flux
AR
[kg .
m-2.
s-1]
4.0 kg, LLS 1.5 4.5 kg, LLS 1.5 5.0 kg, LLS 1.5
4.0 kg, LLS 1.0 4.5 kg, LLS 1.0 5.0 kg, LLS 1.0
4.0 kg, LLS 0.5 4.5 kg, LLS 0.5 5.0 kg, LLS 0.5
.
V AR = 30.3 Nm3.h-1
.
V FR = 10.1 Nm3.h-1
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 13
DCFB cold flow model (3)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 5 10 15 20Gas flow to FR (primary level) [Nm3.h-1]
Solid
s flux
AR
[kg
. m-2.
s-1]
4.0 kg, LLS 1.5 4.5 kg, LLS 1.5 5.0 kg, LLS 1.5
4.0 kg, LLS 1.0 4.5 kg, LLS 1.0 5.0 kg, LLS 1.0
4.0 kg, LLS 0.5 4.5 kg, LLS 0.5 5.0 kg, LLS 0.5
.
V AR = 30.3 Nm3.h-1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 5 10 15 20Gas flow to FR (primary level) [Nm3.h-1]
Solid
s flux
FR [k
g . m
-2.s-1
]
4.0 kg, LLS 1.5 4.5 kg, LLS 1.5 5.0 kg, LLS 1.5
4.0 kg, LLS 1.0 4.5 kg, LLS 1.0 5.0 kg, LLS 1.0
4.0 kg, LLS 0.5 4.5 kg, LLS 0.5 5.0 kg, LLS 0.5
.
V AR = 30.3 Nm3.h-1
Solids Flux Air reactor Solids Flux Fuel reactor
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 14
120 kW DCFB pilot rig
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 15
Air reactor pressure profileAR pressures CLC ng 165kW l=1.1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
15:45:00
15:50:00
15:55:00
16:00:00
PIR AR1PIR AR2PIR AR3PIR AR4PIR ARfgPIR DC ARPIR HE AR
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 16
Results I – natural gas
CO2-yield = 0.87
CH4 conv. = 0.95
Gas compositions CLC natural gas165kW l = 1.1 at 920°C
0
20
40
60
80
100
15:45:00
15:50:00
15:55:00
16:00:00
FR e
xhau
st [v
% (d
ry)]
0
2
4
6
8
10
AR e
xhau
st [v
% (d
ry)]
H2 fuel reactor
CO2 fuel reactor
CO fuel reactor
CH4 fuel reactor
O2 air reactor
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 17
Results II – propane
CO2-yield = 0.93
140kW l = 1.2 at 940°C
0
20
40
60
80
100
16:36:00
16:41:00
FR e
xhau
st [v
% (d
ry)]
0
2
4
6
8
10
AR e
xhau
st [v
% (d
ry)]
H2 fuel reactor
CO2 fuel reactor
CO fuel reactorCH4 fuel reactor
O2 air reactor
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 18
Conclusions I
DCFB system for scale-up ready chemical looping→Gas-solids contact over the whole fuel reactor height
→Less solids inventory in the fuel reactor due to increased gas-solids contact
→Inherent stabilization of global solids hold up due to a hydraulic link between the two reactors
→Fuel reactor (fluidization regime) may be optimized with respect to fuel conversion
→Staged fluidization of the air reactor controls global solids circulation
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 19
Conclusions II
Natural gas operation (CH4 > 97%)
→CH4 conversion = 95%
→CO2 yield = 87%
Propane operation→CO2 yield = 93%
P. Kolbitsch, T. Pröll, J. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf & H. Hofbauer
First operating experience on a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) system for chemical looping combustion 20
Contact:
www.chemical-looping.at