Flight Planning

7/18/2019 Flight Planning

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Flight PlanningFlight Planning

Plan the flight, fly the plan



TechniqueTechnique1. Plot Course

a. Get true course

b. Select checkpoints (9 – 22nmc. Start na! log

2" #eather briefing

a. Go$no"go %ecision

b. &%'ust route if necessary

c. Select altitu%e

" Performance Calculations

a. #t$)al

b. *akeoff$l%g %ist

c. *ime$fuel$%ist to climb

%. *ime$fuel in cruise

e. Complete na! log

+" ile if %esire% an% e-ecute



Plot CoursePlot Course

1. sing your plotter, %ra/ a line from center of %eparture

point to center of %estination airport

1. 0ook for haar%s along your route

1. Special se &irspace

2. *errain

. 0arge bo%ies of /ater

2. &%'ust course if necessary

2. in% your true course

1. 0ay plotter %o/n /ith top e%ge along route

2. Place center on a line of longitu%e

. ea% true course on 3ast or #est scale

. 4ark mileage in 5 or 16 mile inter!als on your route

+. 3-ample7 S)8 to S4 (Smith iel% in ort #ayne



Checkpoint SelectionCheckpoint Selection

#hat makes a goo% checkpoint:♣ Precision

&n intersection of t/o roa%s is more precise than the point /here your course

is supposed to intersect a roa%

♣ ;isibilitya%io to/ers make poor checkpoints because they are %ifficult to see from

the air

&irports make great checkpoints because they are !ery easy to see from the

air

♣ istincti!enesssing a lake as a checkpoint /hen flying across 8e/ 4e-ico makes sense

sing a lake as a checkpoint /hen flying across east *e-as increases your

o%%s of mistakenly i%entifying your checkpoint



Checkpoint SelectionCheckpoint Selection

Selecting the first checkpoint

♣ Shoul% be /ithin 5"16 miles of %eparture point

3stablishes your initial hea%ing as correct

&%%itional checkpoints

♣ Select a%%itional checkpoints e!ery 9 – 22 miles

thereafter

3-ample7

♣ < chose the follo/ing checkpoints7

Gol%en ome $ )asilica (initial point)ypass roa% south of 3lkhart

Syracuse

4erriam



Weather BriefingWeather Briefing

Get a /eather briefing from an official source

♣ 1"=66"#>")<3

♣ &* or &*S

4ake a go$no"go %ecision

♣ ?; flight not recommen%e%@

♣ Con%itions beyon% your ability

#in%s

4; or < clou%s an% /eather

Con!ecti!e acti!ity

Precipitation

&%'ust route if necessary

Select altitu%e

♣

#in%s &loft /ill inform this %ecision



Performance CalculationsPerformance Calculations

#eight an% )alance

♣#eight information /ill be reAuire% for

performance calculations

♣3-ample7 &ssume ma- gross /eight

*akeoff $ 0an%ing %istance

♣3nsure your aircraft is capable of

making it out of your %eparture airportan% in$out of your %estination airport




*ime $ uel $ istance to Climb

♣ Cessna charts make this

calculation !ery simple

♣ *ake !alue at your cruise altitu%e

an% subtract !alue from %eparturepressure altitu%e

♣ 4ake appro-imations as

appropriate*here is no nee% calculate to a le!el of

precision beyon% /hat is gi!en in thechart

*herefore, fin%7

*ime to the nearest minute

uel to the nearest tenth gallon

istance to the nearest mile




*ime $ uel $ istance to Climb 3-ample

♣ Climb from S)8 (B99 ft to +,566 ft

♣ #eather7

S)8 6B616G15 16S4 C0 1$462 &299B

♣ &ppro-imations ifference bet/een pressure alt. true alt is 56 feet,

negligible

ifference bet/een S)8 ele!ation an% 1666 foot

entries is negligible

♣ ;alues for +,566 feet (by interpolation *ime7 B min

uel7 1.B (conser!ati!e estimates %ictate roun%ing up

istance7 16 miles (only !ali% in ero /in%

♣ ;alues for 1,666 feet *ime7 1 min

uel7 6.+ gal

istance7 2 miles

♣ Climb totals *ime7 (B – 1 D E minutes

uel (1.B " .+ D 1. (F 1.1 for ta- takeoff D 2.+ gal #in% is nonero, so note a!g climb spee%7 BE knots




)efore /e can complete na! log, /e nee% to fin%

our top of climb (*C top of %escent (*

points

Proce%ure

♣ se #in%s &loft to fin% groun%spee%

♣ se time"to"climb to fin% %istance

3-ample

♣ #in%s &loft

666 E666

#& 6+1E E15

♣ or climb, use /in%s at 666

♣ <nterpolate7 /in%s at cruise altitu%e (+,566 are 626 at 1E




3E")

♣*urn to /in% si%e

♣Set /in% %irection (6+6 opposite true in%e-

♣4ark /in% !elocity (1E up from grommet♣Set true course (12 opposite true in%e-

♣Sli%e the *&S arc (BE un%er the /in% %ot

♣ea% groun% spee% un%er grommet (B2

♣ea% /in% correction angle at /in% %ot (12 %eg

left




*op of Climb point

♣*urn to computer si%e of 3E")

irst Auestion7 Ho/ fast:

B2 (our calculate% groun%spee% for the climb

3arlier, /e compute% the climb /oul% take

E minutes

ea% %istance (B.2 abo!e minute (E scale

or the mathematically astute, E minutes is 1$16

of an hour, so the *C %istance is a tenth of our

groun%spee%




*op of escent point

♣ igure a 566 foot per minute %escent

rom +566 to 1=66 (*raffic Pattern &ltitu%e at S4 is a 2B66 foot

%escent, or 5.+ minutes

♣ 16 knots is a goo% %escent airspee% in the 1B2

♣ se same /in%s (6+6 at 1E

♣ lip to /in% si%e of 3E")

#in% %ot is still !ali%I sli%e up to 16 knot *&S arc

ea% groun%spee% un%er grommet (12B

ea% #C& un%er /in% %ot (B %eg left

♣ lip to computer si%e of 3E")

Ho/ fast: 12B knots

ea% %escent %istance (11.5 miles o!er %escent time (5.+ minutes




Check cruise performance to

fin% *&S an% GPH en route

Plan on ma- continuous po/er

setting (B5J )HP

*emperature is stan%ar%

566 foot %ifference on

performance chart is negligible

se +666 foot %ata♣ K*&S is 11+ knots

♣ GPH is =.E



Complete Nav LogComplete Nav Log

4easure %istances bet/een each checkpoint

♣ onLt forget to factor in your *C an% * points

ill in each checkpoint an% leg %istance

Compute cruising groun%spee%

in% cruising /in% correction angle

&pply magnetic !ariation

in% 3*3 bet/een checkpoints

in% fuel consumption bet/een checkpoints




3-ample7 in% cruising groun% spee%

♣ (Pre!iously interpolate% /in%s are 626 at 1E

♣Go to /in% si%e of 3E")

Set /in% %irection (626 opposite true in%e-4ark /in% !elocity (1E up from grommet

Set true course (12 opposite true in%e-

Sli%e *&S arc (11+ un%er /in% %ot

ea% groun%spee% un%er grommet (11E

ea% #C& un%er /in% %ot (= %eg left




&pply #C& to *rue Course

♣ "0, F

&pply magnetic !ariation

♣ & check of the sectional in%icates one isogonic line

along route of flight, F5 %eg #

♣ "3, F# (3ast is least, #est is best

esult is magnetic hea%ing

♣ *his is as far as /e can go until /e look at the compass

car% in the aircraft




3-ample (cont

♣ in% 3*3 bet/een checkpoints

&lrea%y compute% 3*3 (E min an% fuel consumption (2.+ gal to *C

point

ill !alues in on na! log

lip to computer si%e of 3E")Ho/ fast: 11E knots

ea% 3*3 un%erneath %istance

oun% off to nearest minute

♣ in% fuel consumption bet/een checkpoints

3E")

Ho/ fast: =.E GPH ea% fuel consume% o!er minutes scale

oun% to nearest tenth gallon

Subtract en route fuel from total

&ssume a full fuel loa% (5 gal



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