Flooding• Objectives:-

• To analyse a range of materials on your tables and to classify the information into 3 categories.

• Causes

• Effects

• Management

Apply the Thinking Hats to the materials

Starter • Watch the video clip of Boscastle • What type of flood was it?• When was it?• What caused it?• How long did the flood last?

• Words to incorporate in your answer:

The Valancy, flash flood, rainfall, burst its banks

• When I freeze the screen I want you to describe the effects (exam hint: Be specific with what you see in the picture, don’t generalise)

Can You Stop The Water Rising?

What Will Happen To The

King’s Head In York

“It is Autumn in the year 2000 and you have been fortunate enough to be appointed the new chef at the King’s Arms in

the centre of York on the banks of the River Ouse.

One night you hear a customer talking about flooding in York.

The King’s Arms is quite close to the river. Maybe you should look into this?”

To complete this task you will have to use many of the skills you have acquired so far in Geography.

You will be asked to perform tasks such as:

•Reading maps.

•Understanding graphs and statistics.

•Observation skills.

•Evaluating the pros and cons of different options.

On many of the following pages you will be asked to decide on a correct answer. Choose between a the options A, B or C and click on the button on the left hand side of the page.

BBClick here on the raised button

to the left

On some pages will see a picture of a pencil like the one to the left of this page. This means you will have to record some of your work on the “Can You Stop The Waters Rising?” sheet you have been given at the start of this lesson.

Start enquiryStart enquiry

Press the button to the left to see

if you can help the King’s Arms

cope with flooding!

Before you start make sure you

have a copy of the

“Can you stop the Waters Rising”

sheet and a pen.

In order to see if the King’s Arms is at risk from flooding you decide to check the Environment Agency’s website.

Their Flood Map says that the area including the King’s Head has a 1% (1 in 100) chance of being flooded by the River Ouse each year.

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AA

BB

Does a “1% (1 in 100) chance” mean that the Kings Head:

A) Will be flooded once every hundred years.

B) Has a one in a hundred chance of being flooded every year. It could happen two years in a row.

Congratulations you’re right!

Better hope you’re not working at the King’s Arms during a wet year!

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Sorry. A one in a hundred chance of flooded every year means that the location is flooded is on average once every 100 years, but that could mean 2 wet years in a row followed by 198 dry ones.

Better hope you’re working during a dry year at the King’s Arms!

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Your worst fears about flooding are confirmed.

You receive a call telling you that the Environment Agency has issued a warning that flooding is likely in you area. You must act fast in order to save the restaurant…

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With only have a few hours to the floods hit you. What are you going to do?

Choose from the combinations below…

A) 3 and 5 B) 2, 4 and 5 C) 1 and 5

AA

BB

CC

1. Find your swimming costume…it’s going to be very wet!

2. Put sandbags against all outside doors.

3. Move the sofa upstairs

4. Make sure all letters and family photos are out of the bottom drawers

5. Move items such as the television upstairs.

“Oh no…we’ll never fit that sofa up the stairs!!”

“Thank goodness the TV saved though.”

“It’s a shame we were not able to save that last letter from Aunty in Australia…”

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“The sofa was too big to save, but it is replaceable. The sandbags meant that we were able to save virtually everything else! My boss said I’d done exactly the right thing.”

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“My boss wasn’t very happy when he found me watching TV in my swimming costume. He said I could have saved some much more valuable things!”

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The flood waters seep in under the front door of the King’s Arms and are soon chest deep. There was nothing you could do to hold them back…

…what do you think might be the consequences?

Choose from the options above.

AA

BB

CC

A. “Look what I found in the kitchen. Cheap fish and chips all round!”

C. “I don’t know how we’re going to survive this…we might have to close.”

B. “We’ll have to have a complete refit. The restaurant is completely ruined!”

Correct. There is a good chance that you will need a complete refit inside AND you will be closed for some time.

On your sheet write three adjectives to describe the terrible mess left by floodwater in the photo above.

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Incorrect. The restaurant looks terrible! Full of thick mud and sewage.

There is a good chance that you will need a complete refit inside AND you will be closed for some time.

On your sheet write three adjectives to describe the terrible mess left by floodwater in the photo above.

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There’s nothing more you can do here. You might as well go home!

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On your way home you are stopped by the driver of a Green Goddess (The Army’s fire engines). North Yorkshire Fire Service is so overstretched by the floods that it has had to ask for extra help.

Unfortunately, the driver is not from York and is very lost. He desperately needs a Geographer to assist him. Maybe there is something you can do to help?

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Think

about

which

direction

you read a

grid

reference

in first

02 03 04 05 06

30

31

32

“The Fire Brigade has had a call from Clifton Hospital to say they are in danger of being flooded and I have been asked to attend. Unfortunately, I’m lost. Can you direct me there to help save them?”

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Which grid reference are you going to direct the driver of the fire engine to?

A : 3103 B : 0331 C : Not sure

AA

BB

CC 02 03 04 05 06

30

31

32

Think

about

which

direction

you read a

grid

reference

in first

0331 … Thanks to you flood waters should not reach the hospital…Your help is much appreciated.

Was an 1:50,000 scale OS map the most appropriate choice for the driver to use? Note on your answer on your sheet. Can you suggest an alternative type of map?

02 03 04 05 06

30

31

32

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Where am I? I can’t see any hospital? Please try again...

02 03 04 05 06

30

31

32

With a grid

reference you

should read

across the

bottom of the

map. Then up

the side.

Try againTry again

To produce a four figure grid reference first read along the eastings to the bottom left hand corner of the square you are looking for, then up the northings to the same corner. Together the two numbers make a four figure grid reference.

02 03 04 05 06

30

31

32

Remember when you get

home… you go along the

corridor, then up the stairs.

1st

2nd

Try againTry again

The Army officer says that they have been asked to help areas with flooding a lot in recent years.

He would like you to teach his lads more about flooding...

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To ensure the Army Officer understands the parts of a river can you explain this diagram of a river basin above to him.

Starting at the right choose the correct order for the following features:

A) Mouth, River Channel, Source

B) Source, River Channel, Mouth

C) River Channel, Source, Mouth

AA

BB

CC?

?

?

Correct!

Well done.

River channel

Mouth

Source

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Sorry, wrong answer. Have a look at the diagram above and see if you can remember correctly next time.

River channel

Mouth

Source

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What is the edge of a River Basin called?

A) The River Ridge

B) The Wateredge

C) The Watershed

AA

BB

CC What is this feature called?

Correct.

The edge of the River Basin is called the Watershed.

The watershed

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Sorry, wrong answer.

The edge of the River Basin is called the Watershed. In your own time look back through the work we did in class to make sure you are familiar with the features of a river basin.

The watershed

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The Army Officer has been given a copy of a flood hydrograph that predicts the future flow of the River Ouse. Can you help him read it?

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A Flood Hydrograph Of The River Ouse

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

22-O

ct

22-O

ct

23-O

ct

24-O

ct

25-O

ct

26-O

ct

27-O

ct

28-O

ct

29-O

ct

30-O

ct

31-O

ct

01-N

ov

02-N

ov

Date

Rai

nfal

l (m

m)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Dis

char

ge a

t mid

day

(met

res

deep

)

A Flood Hydrograph Of The River Ouse

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

22-O

ct

22-O

ct

23-O

ct

24-O

ct

25-O

ct

26-O

ct

27-O

ct

28-O

ct

29-O

ct

30-O

ct

31-O

ct

01-N

ov

02-N

ov

Date

Rai

nfal

l (m

m)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Dis

char

ge a

t mid

day

(met

res

deep

)

What depth will the river’s discharge be on the 30th October?

A) 0 metres

B) 53 metres

C) 42 metres

AA

BB

CC

A Flood Hydrograph Of The River Ouse

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

22-O

ct

22-O

ct

23-O

ct

24-O

ct

25-O

ct

26-O

ct

27-O

ct

28-O

ct

29-O

ct

30-O

ct

31-O

ct

01-N

ov

02-N

ov

Date

Rai

nfal

l (m

m)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Dis

char

ge a

t mid

day

(met

res

deep

)

53 metres. Correct! Well done.

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A Flood Hydrograph Of The River Ouse

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

22-O

ct

22-O

ct

23-O

ct

24-O

ct

25-O

ct

26-O

ct

27-O

ct

28-O

ct

29-O

ct

30-O

ct

31-O

ct

01-N

ov

02-N

ov

Date

Rai

nfal

l (m

m)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Dis

char

ge a

t mid

day

(met

res

deep

)

0 metres…incorrect.

Read the graph carefully insuring you read the correct axis. The right hand axis shows the river’s discharge at midday.

Try againTry again

A Flood Hydrograph Of The River Ouse

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

22-O

ct

22-O

ct

23-O

ct

24-O

ct

25-O

ct

26-O

ct

27-O

ct

28-O

ct

29-O

ct

30-O

ct

31-O

ct

01-N

ov

02-N

ov

Date

Rai

nfal

l (m

m)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Dis

char

ge a

t mid

day

(met

res

deep

)

4.2 metres. Sorry, incorrect. Try to take more care when reading graphs in the future.

NextNext

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North Yorkshire Fire & Rescue Service

York Central Fire Station

York

Dear Sir/ Madam,

I am writing to thank you for the invaluable service you performed during the recent flooding. Without you the flooding could

have been much worse!

Yours,

Jeff Bourne

Chief Fire Officer

Life returns to normal. It is great to back working in the kitchen at the King’s Arms until you see the following item in the news...

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The newsreader says that a new development of 74 new houses proposed for a site upstream of your workplace. This site is currently fields. You know from your geography lessons that the new development will dramatically change the properties of the site.

Much of the ground will now be covered in tarmac or concrete. Surfaces like this are:

A) Permeable or B) Impermeable

COMING SOON – A brand new development for York 74 new four bed houses set in

landscaped gardens with double driveways

Period Homes Ltd

AA

BB

COMING SOON – A brand new development for York 74 new four bed houses set in

landscaped gardens with double driveways

Period Homes Ltd

Congratulations! They are impermeable. This means water cannot pass through them.

Will this increase or decrease the risk of flooding to your home?

A) Increase B) Decrease

AA

BB

COMING SOON – A brand new development for York 74 new four bed houses set in

landscaped gardens with double driveways

Period Homes Ltd

Sorry, they are Impermeable. This means water cannot pass through them.

Will this increase or decrease the risk of flooding to your home?

A) Increase B) Decrease

AA

BB

Correct. The new homes may increase the chances of your business flooding in the future…

Can you think of any ideas to reduce the problems these houses might cause. Note these on your sheet.

NextNext

Incorrect. The impermeable materials used to construct the new homes will mean that rainwater will flow quicker into the River Ouse, therefore increasing the chances of your business flooding in the future…

Can you think of any ideas to reduce the problems these houses might cause. Note these on your sheet.

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York City Council is asking for suggestions for ways to protect York from flooding.

On your sheet suggest two ways of limiting the effects offloods and write one argument for and one argumentagainst each proposal.

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Proposed Flood DefencesThe floods that have affected York this year have been extremely bad. York City Council and the Environment Agency are currently considering a number of proposed forms of flood defence.

I would therefore be extremely grateful for any suggestions members of the public would like to put forward for consideration.

Congratulations!

You might not have saved the

King’s Head restaurant,

but you certainly proved you

know your Geography!

- EXTENSION ACTIVITY -

Complete the following task using your sheet. First open Internet Explorer and then press this button to visit the Environment Agency’s website. *

Next follow the instructions on the sheet to find out what famous landmarks are at risk of flooding.

* (If this fails type the following website address into the address bar at the top of the page :

http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/subjects/flood/826674/829803/?lang=_e)

What soap opera starts

with this view of the

River Thames?

EASTENDERS!

© The BBC

From Staffordshire Learning Network (www.sln.ord.uk)

From Guiseley School’s Geography Department’s

personal collection

© North Yorkshire Fire & Rescue

Service

From “Martin’s York pages” (www.staff.ndl.co.uk/martin/york/default.asp)

© The Yorkshire Post

© The Crown from Multimap.com

© The Environment Agency

From Freefoto.com

All other images from the clipart selection in Microsoft Word