FLOOR COVERING/FLOOR COVERING/

FLOOR FINISHFLOOR FINISH

DESINGED BY

Sunil KumarResearch Scholar/ Food Production FacultyInstitute of Hotel and Tourism Management,MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAKHaryana- 124001 INDIA Ph. No. 09996000499email:  skihm86@yahoo.com , balhara86@gmail.com  linkedin:- in.linkedin.com/in/ihmsunilkumarfacebook: www.facebook.com/ihmsunilkumar webpage: chefsunilkumar.tripod.com 

• The term floorings or floor finish usually refers to all floors surface other than carpet

• Floors forms the basis on which the rest of the room is planned

• Kind of flooring required depends on the purpose of the room

Classification of Floor Classification of Floor FinishesFinishes

• Hard floor finishes• Semi – hard floor finishes• Soft floor finishes

Hard Floor FinishesHard Floor Finishes• Cement• Terrazzo• Stone (marble, granite, limestone)

(slate)• Ceramic tiles• Resin• Wood

Cement Cement • Cement is mixed with

water to form a paste, which is then mixed with other materials to form a hard product called concrete

Terrazzo Terrazzo • Terrazzo- Marble chips mixed with

cement uses- (often used in swimming pools)

GranolithicGranolithic• Granolithic- granite chips

mixed with cement uses- (used for bathrooms

counter)

StoneStone ( ( marble, granite, marble, granite, limestonelimestone))

• The natural stone are available in slab form, is usually cut in tiles from quarried blocks of the stone or rocks

• Floors made from marble & granite are expensive and hard on feet

• Provides beautiful flooring material that has a timeless, elegant quality

• They referred as hard floors because they offer no resilience, are cold underfoot and noisy in comparison to other types of floors

slateslate

• This is used in store rooms, kitchens, back areas and laundry

Ceramic tilesCeramic tiles• Ceramics tiles are natural

product made from clay,• Glazed ceramics tiles

have a ceramic coating applied to the tile body, which gives the tile its colour and finish

Glazed tiles are used in kitchens and bathrooms

ResinResin• Synthetic resin (polyester)• Some marble chips are mixed

to make it more attractive• Due to the resilience of resin

the flooring show a good recovery, inspite of shiny surface they are non-skid

• Used in laundry, cold storage and back areas

Bitumastic Bitumastic • This is joint less flooring and consist

of asphalt rolled on to a solid subfloor in a hot plastic state

• Used in public bathrooms, hospital corridors and other heavy traffic areas

• It is harm by spirit, oil and acids

Magnesite flooringMagnesite flooring• This consist of wood floor

and other fillers mixed with burnt magnesite and laid in form of situ or blocks

• This are warm in appearance with low cost

• Washing is avoided• Used in linen rooms

Wood flooringWood flooring• The elegant look of hard wood floor

can add warmth and character to any room in a home

• The natural characteristics of wood add depth and visual appearance that many other types of floors try to duplicate

• Wooden floors can be made from the following wood:- Oak, Teak, Rosewood, Walnut, Sandal, Cedar, Honne, Mathi, Saal etc

• Used in Gymnasium, Health clubs, bar and Dance floor• Patterns of wood Strip wood Parquet herring bone Parquet basket pattern

Semi – Hard Floor FinishesSemi – Hard Floor Finishes• Thermoplastic • Vinyl • Linoleum• Rubber sheets

ThermoplasticThermoplastic• Made of asphalt tiles in the form of

warm, pliable slate, which hardens on cooling

Vinyl Vinyl

• Manufactured from PVC or other synthetic resins.

• Used on staircases and pathways

LinoleumLinoleum• Powdered cork +

resin +linseed oil put in a jute

canvas, and the whole is subjected to heat and pressure.

Used in linen rooms and offices

Rubber sheetsRubber sheets• Used in areas like

bars and bathrooms

• They are noise free

Soft Floor Finishes Soft Floor Finishes Carpets Carpets

• Carpets are often referred as soft floorings / grass floor coverings.

• They can be categorized by their construction , patterns & types of yarn used.

• A good carpeted floor usually enhances look & appearance of your premises .

USE OF CARPETSUSE OF CARPETS• GIVES PERSONALITY TO WORK PLACE RANGING

FROM BOLD TO FORMAL.• IN HOSPITALITY SETTINGS IT CAN PROVIDE

DIRECTIONAL CLUES TO MOVE PEOPLE TO THE REGISTRATION COUNTERS OR ELEVATORS.

• IN HEALTHCARE DIVISON CARPETS CAN BE SOOTHING & EMOTIONAL HEALING.

• IT CAN BLOCK OUT SOUND IN A SCHOOL COMPUTER LAB

• IN RETAIL, CARPETS ARE A WELCOME ADDITION.• THE POPULARITY OF CARPETS HAS GROWN

TREMENDOUSLY IN RESTAURANTS, HOTELS, OFFICES,SHOPS AS CARPETED FLOOR OFFERS COMFORT, INCREASES NOISE ABSORBANCY & HAS AN ASTHETIC APPEAL.

THEY HAVE THREE THEY HAVE THREE COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS::

A) UNDERLAY/ PADDINGA) UNDERLAY/ PADDING

B) SECONDARY BACKINGB) SECONDARY BACKING

C) PILE- (2 types) hard, loopedC) PILE- (2 types) hard, looped

Types of carpetsTypes of carpets• Woven • • Tufted

• Pile bonded

• Needle punched

• Electrostatically flocked

Methods of cleaning carpetsMethods of cleaning carpets• Vacuuming• Dry powder cleaning• Dry foaming cleaning• Rotary shampoo machines• Water extraction

Different floor coverings in Different floor coverings in different roomsdifferent rooms

• Kitchen and bathroom- vinyl, linoleum, cork, ceramics, natural stone, concrete, wood, laminate

• Living rooms- carpets, wood• Bed rooms- carpets

How to clean hard floorHow to clean hard floor• Floor cleaning is a major

occupation throughout the world. The main job of most cleaners is to clean floors

•

The principal reasons for floor The principal reasons for floor cleaning are: cleaning are:

• To prevent injuries due to tripping or slipping. Injuries due to slips and trips on level floors are a major cause of accidental injury or death. Bad practice in floor cleaning is itself a major cause of accidents.[1]

• To beautify the floor • To remove stains, dirt, litter and obstructions • To remove grit and sand which scratch and wear

down the surface. • To remove allergens, in particular dust • To prevent wear to the surface e.g. by using a floor

wax or protective sealant. • To make the environment sanitary e.g. in kitchens • To maintain an optimum traction e.g. for dance floors

Methods of floor cleaning Methods of floor cleaning • The treatment needed for different types of floors is

very different. For safety it is most important to ensure the floor is not left even slightly wet after cleaning or mopping up.

• Sawdust is used on some floors to absorb any liquids that fall rather than trying to prevent them being spilt. The sawdust is swept up and replaced each day. This was common in the past in pubs and is still used in some butchers and fishmongers.

• It used to be common to use tea leaves to collect dirt from carpets and remove odours. Nowadays it is sill quite common to use diatomaceous earth, or in fact any cat litter type material, to remove infestations from floors.

Wood flooring Wood flooring • Wood flooring should be treated

completely differently depending on whether it waxed or oiled, or whether it has a polyurethane coating. It is important to determine the type of finish of a wood floor and always treat it the appropriate way, for instance it is difficult to clear wood floor wax from a polyurethane floor.

Tips for cleaning different Tips for cleaning different types of floorstypes of floors

• The Linoleum floor can be cleaned with any solvent that is not chemical-based. Using aggressive scrubbing pad must be avoided. Avoid using alkaline products on these type of tiles as it causes the floor to turn yellow very soon.

• Whatever be the type of floor, test clean a small tiled area first and see the effects before using a floor cleanser on the entire floor.

• The floors with unglazed floor tiles can be cleaned by vacuum cleaners. They should be dusted very often. Use a mild detergent and little water to clean them.

Tips for cleaning different Tips for cleaning different types of floorstypes of floors

• The Hardwood type of floors can be cleaned with oil soap and follow the instructions as mentioned on it. Before using oil soap, make sure that the tiles are free from dirt and dust. Use a moist mop or a sponge mop to apply on the floor but do not allow it to wet excessively. Let the floor dry before using it again. Regular cleaning of such floors will get rid of the scratches of the tiles.

• Sweep concrete floors often and use any degreaser or detergent based cleaner on them.

• The rubber tiled floors need to be cleaned at regular gaps with detergent and water.

Agents used to clean MarbleAgents used to clean Marble• Acetone • Hydrogen peroxide or Ammonia• Marble cleaner ( Taski product

Nobile)

DESINGED BY

Sunil KumarResearch Scholar/ Food Production FacultyInstitute of Hotel and Tourism Management,MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAKHaryana- 124001 INDIA Ph. No. 09996000499email:  skihm86@yahoo.com , balhara86@gmail.com  linkedin:- in.linkedin.com/in/ihmsunilkumarfacebook: www.facebook.com/ihmsunilkumar webpage: chefsunilkumar.tripod.com