Flora of Rahat Mountain (Burdur,...

Introduction

The damage caused by humans to the environment isgradually increasing with industrial and economicdevelopment. Reclamation and rehabilitation studies ofvarious natural environments have lately been increasingin popularity. It is necessary to determine the biologicalrichness of an environment to succeed in such research.

To know which taxa or genetic resources are indanger or under threat of extinction will contributegreatly to the prevention of their irreparable loss.

Previously, studies of the flora and vegetation ofTurkey have been performed by foreign botanists, butare currently carried out by many Turkish botanists fromvarious parts of the country (Davis, 1965-1988; Bekat,1987; Gemici, 1988; Güner et al., 2000; Eren et al.,2004).

The flora of the study area is very interesting, yetthere are no representative floristic studies or plantcollections, except some samples that were collected bysome researchers during their trip to the area. For thisreason the aim of this study was to reveal the flora of thearea.

The area lies at lat 37°00’-37°15’N, long29°45’–30°00’E within Burdur province, and in the C2grid-square of Davis’ (1965) grid system. The Acıpayam(Denizli)-Antalya road runs along the southern border ofthe study area. Bölmepınar village in the Çavdır district islocated to the west, Osmankalfalar village lies to the east,and Yeflilköy is situated north. Rahat Mountain, whichconsists of Mesozoic limestone, begins at Çomak pass onthe Acıpayam (Denizli)-Antalya road at an elevation of1440 m and extends in a north-easterly direction to

Turk J Bot31 (2007) 225-243© TÜB‹TAK

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Flora of Rahat Mountain (Burdur, Turkey)

Esat ÇET‹N1, Serdar Gökhan fiENOL2, Özcan SEÇMEN2

1Harran University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Biology, fianl›urfa - TURKEY2Ege University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, ‹zmir - TURKEY

Received: 02.09.2004Accepted: 16.01.2007

Abstract: The investigation area is within the C2 grid-square and located within Burdur province. This research was conductedbetween 1999 and 2002. Nearly 1000 plant specimens were collected and 413 Spermatophyta taxa belonging to 55 families wereidentified from these specimens. Among the identified taxa, 3 are from Gymnospermae, and 410 from Angiospermae (51 of theAngiospermae are Monocotyledones and 359 are Dicotyledones members). The number of endemic taxa was 83 and this numberconstitutes 20.1% of the total flora.

Key Words: Rahat Mountain, Burdur, Flora, Turkey

Rahat Da¤› Floras› (Burdur)

Özet: Araflt›rma alan› C2 karesi içerisinde Burdur il s›n›rlar› dahilinde yer almaktad›r. Bu çal›flma 1999-2002 y›llar› aras›ndayap›lm›flt›r ve yaklafl›k 1000 bitki örne¤i toplanm›flt›r. Bu örneklerden 55 familyaya ait 413 Spermatophyta taksonu tespit edilmifltir.Belirlenen taksonlar›n üçü Gymnospermae, 410’u ise Angiospermae’dir. Angiosperm’lerin 51’i Monocotyledones, 359’uDicotyledones üyesidir. Endemik bitkilerin say›s› 83 olup, toplam takson say›s›n›n % 20,1' ini oluflturmaktad›r.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Rahat Da¤›, Burdur, Flora, Türkiye

Research Article

*E-mail: [email protected]

Sö¤üt Lake basin (Saraço¤lu, 1986). The highest point ofthe mountain is Büyük Çal hill (2350 m) at the midpointof mountain, which comprises some hills and plains. Someof these hills are Küçük Çal in the south, Çanak Yaran inthe north, and Aftallar Taflı in the east. A broaddepression, Gencer plateau, is located among the hills tothe east of Çanak Yaran (Figure 1).

The study area is under the effect of a sub-dry supra-Mediterranean climate according to climatological dataobtained from Gölhisar (Burdur), the nearestmeteorological station. Mean annual temperature is 12.5°C with a maximum temperature in June, July, andAugust. The hottest month is July, with a meantemperature of 23.1 °C. The months with lowertemperature are January, February and March. Thecoldest month is January, with a mean temperature of2.3 °C. Annual rainfall on Rahat Mountain is 554.5 mm.

Most of the rain falls in the winter and spring is the nextrainiest season. The rainiest months are December andJanuary and August is the driest month. According to thearea’s rain regime (Akman & Daget, 1971), the area isclassified as the Type I variable of East Mediterraneanclimate.

Generally tragacanthic vegetation is dominant atRahat Mountain. Astragalus angustifolius Lam. subsp.angustifolius var. angustifolius and Acantholimonacerosum (Willd.) Boiss. var. acerosum are the dominanttaxa of this vegetation on the eastern slopes of themountain, above Osmankalfalılar village (1400-1700 m).High scrubs, such as Amygdalus orientalis Mill., Crataegusmonogyna Jacq. subsp. azarella (Gris) Franco, join thisvegetation together with other steppic elements.Astragalus wiedemannianus Fish. and Onobrychis cornuta(L.) Desv. replace Acantholimon acerosum var. acerosum

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above Kırkpınar village (1800-1900 m). Gencer plateau(2100 m) becomes a wetland meadow with the springwaters of Kızılpınar, Baflpınar, and Güllüpınar. Carexdistans L., Scirpoides holoschoenus (L.) Sojak, and Juncusinflexus L. are common among this vegetation. Eleocharismitracarpa Steud., Groenlandia densa (L.) Fourr., andNasturtium officinale R.Br. communities are found inpuddles of Gencer plateau. High mountain meadowsdominated by Marrubium bourgaei Boiss. subsp. bourgaeicommunities are found at snow beds among the hills inGencer plateau. There is a Cedrus libani A.Rich. plantationin Bölmepınar village in Üçevler district, which is located,in the western part of the study area, some individuals ofJuniperus excelsa M.Bieb. are found around Küçük Çalhill, and there is a Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold subsp. nigra var.caramica (Loudon) Rehder plantation area at Çomak pass(1440 m).

Materials and Methods

Nearly 1000 plant specimens from Rahat Mountainwere periodically collected between September 1999 andJuly 2002. All specimens were pressed and dried.Identifications were made using Flora of Turkey and theEast Aegean Islands (Davis 1965-1985; Davis et al.,1988; Güner et al., 2000).

Alphabetical order is followed for the list of familiesand lower taxa. Locality, collection date, collector name,and number of samples follow the plant name. Red DataBook of Turkish Plants was used to categorise the risk ofendemic plants of the study area (Ekim et al., 2000). Allherbarium specimens are stored the Ege UniversityBotanical Garden and Herbarium Research andApplication Centre (EGE).

Results and Discussion

Among the 1000 collected specimens were 413vascular plant taxa belonging to 55 families, including 3Gymnospermae taxa and 410 Angiospermae, of which 51Angiospermae taxa were Monocotyledonae and 359 wereDicotyledonae.

The number of endemic taxa found in the researcharea was 83, representing 20.1% of all collectedspecimens. Gemici (1990-1991) studied Akda¤ (Çivril),which is close to Rahat Mountain, and found 1060 taxa,11.41% of which was endemic.

Anacyclus latealatus Hub.-Mor. (Compositae), wascategorised as endangered (EN) according to Red DataBook of Turkish Plants (Ekim et al., 2000) and IUCN RedList Categories and Criteria, version 3.1 (IUCN, the WorldConservation Union, 2001). According to the Flora ofTurkey, it was registered from Tefenni in Burdurprovince and was gathered from only one locality in thecurrent research area. The population was small andgeographically limited. These 2 populations were in thesame region. For these reasons it was categorised as EN.The other taxa in danger categories were evaluatedaccording to the Red Data Book of Turkish Plants andIUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 3.1.

Erysimum caricum Boiss. (Cruciferae) is vulnerable(VU). The populations of this taxon are widely distributedin different regions and localities.

Bellardiochloa carica R.B.Mill. (Gramineae) is EN. Thistaxon is registered from only Girdev Mountain, Mu¤la. Itwas gathered from Gencer plateau on Rahat Mountainand the population is under the effects of grazing. It isused for sheep fodder.

Arenaria saponarioides Boiss. & Bal (Caryophyllaceae)is VU. Its populations were registered from differentregions and localities and it is widely distributed.

Paronychia carica Chaudhri (Illecebraceae) is VU. Itspopulations are widely distributed in different regionsand localities. It was gathered from 3 different locationswithin the research area.

Linaria kurdica Boiss. & Hohen. subsp. eriocalyx(Boiss.) Boiss. (Scrophulariaceae) is EN. It was found inKorkuteli in Antalya province. From the current researcharea, it was found in a small and narrow locality nearKorkuteli and the population is poor.

Tordylium lanatum (Boiss.) Boiss. (Umbelliferae) isVU. It is registered in different regions. The populationsof this taxon are widely distributed, but small in number.The other endemic plants are not in danger and are LR.

Among the 55 families, Compositae with 55 taxa,Leguminosae with 42, Labiatae with 37, Gramineae with32, Cruciferae with 30, Caryophyllaceae with 29, andUmbelliferae with 25 were the richest families in theresearch area. The genera with the greatest numbers oftaxa were Astragalus (16 taxa), Centaurea (9 taxa), Silene(8 taxa), Alyssum (7 taxa), Salvia (6 taxa), and Medicago

E. ÇET‹N, S. G. fiENOL, Ö. SEÇMEN

227

(5 taxa). The ecological habitat and elevation uniformityof the study is responsible for these low numbers of taxa.

Compositae was the most abundant family in ourresearch area, in agreement with Flora of Turkey and theEast Aegean Islands (Davis 1965-1985). This is becauseCompositae is a cosmopolite family with world-widedistribution and has the highest number of taxa in theworld. This family is also rich among the neoendemic taxaof Anatolia.

Astragalus was the most abundant genus,demonstrating that steppe vegetation was dominant inthe research area.

Onobrychis cf. montana subsp. cadmea, which isincluded in the floristic list, was not identified clearlybecause there were no fruits in the herbarium specimens.It is suggested that due to its morphologicalcharacteristics, it should be given in cf. form, while it isplaced in close taxa.

The entire research area, especially Gencer plateau, isused by local farmers for livestock grazing. This situationthreatens the endemic plants in the study area.

With this study, we aimed to contribute to theknowledge of the flora of Turkey.

228


References

Akman Y & Daget PH (1971). Quelques Aspects Synoptiques desClimats de la Turquie. Bull Soc Long Geogr 5: 270-300.

Bekat L (1987). Barla Da¤ı (E¤ridir)’nın Vejetasyonu. Turk J Bot 11:270-305.

Brummitt RK & Powell CE (1992). Authors of Plant Names. Kew: RoyalBotanic Gardens.

Davis PH (ed) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East AegeanIslands. Vol. 1-9. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ Press.

Davis PH, Tan K & Mill RR (eds.) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the EastAegean Islands. Vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ Press.

Ekim T, Koyuncu M, Vural M, Duman H, Aytaç Z & Adıgüzel N (2000).Türkiye Bitkileri Kırmızı Kitabı (Red Data Book of TurkishPlants). Türkiye Tabiatını Koruma Derne¤i ve Van YüzüncüyılÜniversitesi Yayınları.

Eren Ö, Gökçeo¤lu M & Parolly G (2004). The Flora and Vegetation ofBakırlı Da¤ı (Western Taurus Mountains, Turkey), includingannotations on critical taxa of the Taurus range. Wildenowia 34:463-503.

Gemici Y (1988). Akda¤ (Afyon-Denizli) ve Çevresinin Vejetasyonu.Do¤a Türk Botanik D 12: 8-57.

Gemici Y (1990). La Flora de la Montagne d’Akda¤ (Afyon-Denizli) 1.Journ. of Fac. of Sc. Ege Ü., B. 12: 1-12.

Gemici Y (1991). La Flora de la Montagne d’Akda¤ (Afyon-Denizli) II.Journ. of Fac. of Sc. Ege Ü., B. 13: 19-29.

Gemici Y (1994). Bolkar Da¤ları’nın (Orta Toroslar) Flora veVejetasyonu Üzerine Genel Bilgiler. Turk J Bot 18: 81-89.

Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T & Bafler KHC (eds) (2000). Flora ofTurkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 11. Edinburgh:Edinburgh Univ. Press.

IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCNSpecies Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland andCambridge, UK. ii + 30 pp.

Saraço¤lu H (1986). Akdeniz Bölgesi. MEB Yayınları Ö¤retmen KitaplarıSerisi, Ankara.


229

The Floristic List of Natural Plants

SPERMATOPHYTA

GYMNOSPERMAE

PINACEAE

Cedrus libani A.Rich.

Burdur: Bölmepınar village, vicinity ofÜçevler plantation area, 30.09.1999,observation.

Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold, Reise Mariazell:8, t. s.n. (1785) subsp. nigra var. caramica(Loudon) Rehder..

Burdur: Çomak pass (1440 m) plantationarea, 22.06.2002, observation.

CUPRESSACEAE

Juniperus excelsa M.Bieb.

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,30.09.1999, observation.

ANGIOSPERMAE

DICOTYLEDONES

ACANTHACEAE

Acanthus hirsitus Boiss.

Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,22.06.2002, E 2282, Endemic, LR(lc).

AMARANTHACEAE

Amaranthus retroflexus L.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,30.09.1999, E 119,

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000, E1054/a.

BERBERIDACEAE

Berberis crataegina DC.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 1123.

BORAGINACEAE

Alkanna areolata Boiss. var. areolata

Burdur: Vicinity of Osmankalfalar village,1450-2000 m, 21.04.2000, E 262,

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1710, Endemic, LR(lc).

Alkanna tinctoria (L.) Tausch subsp.anatolica Hub.-Mor.


Anchusa azurea Mill. var. azurea


A. undulata L. subsp. hybrida (Ten.)Cout.


Asperugo procumbens L.


Cerinthe minor L. subsp. auriculata(Ten.) Domac

Burdur: Above Kırkpınar village, 1600-1800 m, 01.07.2000, E 1025.

Cynoglossum montanum L.


Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000, E1003,

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1723.

Echium italicum L.


Heliotropium hirsutissimum Grauer


Lappula barbata (M.Bieb.) Gurke

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000, E1012.

Moltkia aurea Boiss.


Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.07.2000, E 912, Endemic, LR(lc).

Myosotis incrassata Guss.

Burdur: Vicinity of Osmankalfalar village,1450-2000 m, 21.04.2000, E 273.

M. lithospermifolia (Willd.) Hornem.


M. stricta Link ex Roem. & Schult.

Burdur: Above Kırkpınar village, 1600-1800 m, 01.07.2000, E 1031/a.

Neatostema apulum (L.) H.Johnston


Nonea macrosperma Boiss. & Heldr.

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 22.06.2002, E2058/b, Endemic, LR(lc).

Onosma isauricum Boiss. & Heldr.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E1081,

Endemic, LR(lc).

O. tauricum Pall. ex Willd. var. tauricum


Rochelia disperma (L.f.) K.Koch. var.disperma


CAMPANULACEAE

Asyneuma limonifolium (L.) Janch. subsp.pestalozzae (Boiss.) Damboldt

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000, E974, Endemic, LR(lc).

A. linifolium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Bornm.subsp. linifolium

APPENDIX

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,30.09.1999, E 112,


Campanula lyrata Lam. subsp. lyrata


Campanula propingua Fisch. & C.A.Mey.


C. stricta L. var. libanotica (A.DC.) Boiss.


CARYOPHYLLACEAE

Arenaria leptoclados (Rchb.) Guss.


A. saponarioides Boiss. & Ball.

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1733/a, Endemic, VU.

Bolanthus minuartioides (Jaub. & Spach)Hub.-Mor.



Cerastium dichotomum L. subsp.dichotomum


Dianthus crinitus Sm. var. crinitus


D. elegans d’Urv. var. elegans


D. micranthus Boiss. & Heldr.


D. zonatus Fenzl var. zonatus

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.07.2000, E 919/a.

Holosteum umbellatum L. var.umbellatum


Minuartia anatolica (Boiss.) Woron. var.arachnoidea McNeill

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1720/a,


M. dianthifolia (Boiss.) Hand.-Mazz.subsp. dianthifolia

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 22.06.2002, E2098, Endemic, LR(cd).

M. erythrosepala (Boiss.) Hand.-Mazz.var. erythrosepala


M. hamata (Hausskn.) Mattf.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 1126/a,

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1726/b.

M. juniperina (L.) Maire & Petitm.


M. leucocephala (Boiss.) Mattf.


M. leucocephaloides (Bornm.) Bornm.


M. umbellulifera (Boiss.) McNeil subsp.umbellulifera var. umbellulifera


Silene caryophylloides (Poir.) Otth subsp.echinus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Coode & Cullen

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000, E1010, Endemic, LR(nt).

S. dichotoma Ehrh. subsp. dichotoma


S. marschallii C.A.Mey.



S. muradica Schischk.


S. odontopetala Fenzl.


Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 975, Burdur: Kırkpınarvillage, vicinity of chrome mine shaft, 2000m, 01.07.2000, E 1074.

S. rhynchocarpa Boiss.



S. spergulifolia (Desf.) M.Bieb.

Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,01.07.2000, E 953,


S. subconica Friv.


Stellaria media (L.) Vill. subsp. media

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Telephium imperati L. subsp. orientale(Boiss.) Nyman

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.07.2000, 08.04.2001, E 941/b.

Vaccaria pyramidata Medik. var.pyramidata


Velezia rigida L.


CHENOPODIACEAE

Chenopodium album L. subsp. albumvar. album


C. botrys L.

Burdur: Bölmepınar village, vicinity ofÜçevler plantation area, 30.09.1999, E 101.

C. foliosum (Moench) F.Asch.


C. murale L.


CISTACEAE

Helianthemum canum (L.) Baumy.


H. salicifolium (L.) Mill.


COMPOSITAE

Achillea biebersteinii Afan.


A. nobilis L. subsp. neilreichii (A.Kerner)Forma


A. phrygia Boiss. & Ball.


Anacyclus latealatus Hub.- Mor.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 1148, Endemic, EN.

Anthemis austriaca Jacq.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 1069


A. cretica L. subsp. absinthifolia (Boiss.)Grierson


A. cretica L. subsp. anatolica (Boiss.)Grierson

Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,08.04.2001, E 1284.

A. cretica L. subsp. candicans (Boiss.)Grierson


A. cretica L. subsp. leucanthemoides(Boiss.) Grierson


Artemisia campestris L.

Burdur: Vicinity of Osmankalfalar village,1450-2000 m, 30.09.1999, E 125/a.

Bellis perennis L.


Calendula arvensis L.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, observation.

Carduus nutans L. subsp. nutans




C. pycnocephalus L. subsp. albidus(M.Bieb.) Kazmi


Centaurea calolepis Boiss.

Burdur: Above Kırkpınar village, 1600-1800 m, 01.07.2000, E 1037,


C. cariensis Boiss. subsp. microlepis(Boiss.) Wagenitz

Burdur: Bölmepınar village, vicinity ofÜçevler plantation area, 30.09.1999, E100,

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,30.09.1999, E 121, Endemic, LR(nt).

C. drabifolia Sm. subsp. austro-occidentalis Wagenitz


C. drabifolia Sm. subsp. detonsa(Bornm.) Wagenitz


C. iberica Trev. ex Sprengel


C. reuterana Boiss. var. reuterana


C. solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis


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Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.07.2000, E 907/b.

C. triumfettii All.



C. urvillei DC. subsp. urvillei



Chondrilla juncea L. var. juncea


Cichorium intybus L.


Cirsium canum (L.) All.


C. lappaceum (M.Bieb.) Fisch. subsp.anatolicum Petr.


C. vulgare (Savi) Ten.


Cnicus benedictus L. var. kotschyi Boiss.


Crepis foetida L. subsp. foetida


C. frigida (Boiss. & Bal.) Babc.


Crupina crupinastrum (Moris) Vis.


Echinops ritro L.



E. viscosus DC. subsp. bithynicus (Boiss.)Rech.


Filago eriocephala Guss.


Gundelia tournefortii L. var. tenuisectaBoiss.


Hieracium pannosum Boiss.


Helichrysum pallasii (Spreng.) Ledeb.


H. plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum


Inula heterolepis Boiss.

Burdur: Bölmepınar village, vicinity ofÜçevler plantation area, 30.09.1999, E 89,


Jurinea consanguinea DC.



Lactuca intricata Boiss.


Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,30.09.1999, 16.06.2001, E 1760.

L. saligna L.



Leontodon crispus Vill. subsp. asper(Waldst. & Kit.) Rohl. var. asper



L. oxylepis Boiss. & Heldr. var. oxylepis


Onopordum acanthium L.


Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass.


Pulicaria dysenterica (L.) Bernh.


Scorzonera cana (C.A.Mey.) O.Hoffm.var. jacquiniana (W.Koch.) Chamberlain

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E1698,


S. cana (C.A.Mey.) Hoffm. var. radicosa(Boiss.) D.F.Chamb.


Senecio vernalis Waldst. & Kit.


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Tragopogon latifolius Boiss. var.angustifolius Boiss.


T. latifolius Boiss. var. latifolius


T. longirostris Bisch. ex Sch.Bip.


Xeranthemum annuum L.



CONVOLVULACEAE

Convolvulus arvensis L.


C. compactus Boiss.


C. galaticus Rostan ex Choisy


C. lineatus L.


Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000,22.06.2002, E 2068.

CRASSULACEAE

Prometheum sempervivoides (Fisch. exM.Bieb.) H.Ohba

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 22.06.2002,living material.

Rosularia libanotica (Lab.) Muirhead



Sedum album L.



S. hispanicum L. var. hispanicum


S. laconicum Boiss. & Heldr.


S. urvillei DC.

Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,01.07.2000, E955,


Umbilicus erectus DC.

Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,01.07.2000, E 945/a.

CRUCIFERAE

Aethionema arabicum (L.) Andrz.ex DC.


A. cordatum (Desf.) Boiss.


Alyssum condensatum Boiss. & Hausskn.subsp. condensatum


A. cypricum Nyar.


A. desertorum Stapf var. desertorum


A. hirsutum M.Bieb.

Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500m,08.04.2001, E 1289.

A. minus (L.) var. minus


Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1726/a.

A. sibiricum Willd.

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1730/a.

A. smyrnaeum C.A.Mey.


Arabis nova Vill.



Aubrieta canescens (Boiss.) Bornm.subsp. canescens



A. deltoidea (L.) DC.



Brassica elongata Ehrh.


Camelina hispida Boiss. var. grandiflora(Boiss.) Hedge


C. rumelica Velen.



233

Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik



Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. subsp.chalepensis (L.) O.E.Schulz



Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl



Erophila verna (L.) Chevall. subsp. verna


Erysimum caricum Boiss.



Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 22.06.2002,07.07.2002, E 2101, Endemic, VU.

E. crassipes Fisch. & C.A.Mey.


E. kotschyanum Gay

Burdur: Vicinity of Osmankalfalar village,1450-2000 m, 21.04.2000, E 277,Endemic, LR(lc).

Isatis tinctoria L. subsp. tomentella(Boiss.) P.H.Davis


Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC. subsp.bicornis (Sibth. & W.Sm.) P.W.Ball


Nasturtium officinale R.Br.


Rorippa aurea (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hub.-Mor.

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1708, Endemic, LR(nt).

Sinapis alba L.


Sisymbrium altissimum L.




S. orientale L.


Thlaspi perfoliatum L.


CUSCUTACEAE

Cuscuta approximata Bab. var.approximata


C. palaestina Boiss. subsp. balansae(Yunck.) Plitmann


DIPSACACEAE

Knautia integrifolia (L.) Berthel var.bidens (Sm.) Barbas.



Pterocephalus pinardii Boiss.


P. plumosus (L.) Coult.


Scabiosa argentea L.



S. calocephala Boiss.


EUPHORBIACEAE

Euphorbia arvalis Boiss. & Heldr.


E. falcata L. subsp. falcata var. falcata


E. herniariifolia Willd. var. herniariifolia


E. rigida M.Bieb.


GERANIACEAE

Erodium acaule (L.) Bech. & Thell.


234



E. cicutarium (L.) L. L’Her. subsp.cicutarium



Geranium tuberosum L.


Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl


GLOBULARIACEAE

Globularia trichosantha Fisch. & C.A.Mey.


GUTTIFERAE

Hypericum aviculariifolium Jaub. & Spachsubsp. depilatum (Freyn & Bornm.) Robsonvar. bourgaei (Boiss.) Robson


H. aviculariifolium Jaub. & Spach subsp.depilatum (Freyn & Bornm.) Robson var.depilatum



H. perforatum L.


ILLECEBRACEAE

Herniaria incana Lam.


Paronychia argyroloba Stapf


P. carica Chaudhri



Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, EC 1691, Endemic, VU.

LABIATAE

Acinos rotundifolius Pers.




Ajuga bombycina Boiss.


A. chamaepithys (L.) Schreb. subsp.palaestina (Boiss.) Bornm.


Lallemantia iberica (Bieb.) Fisch. &C.A.Mey.


Lamium amplexicaule L.


L. cariense R. Mill.


L. lycium Boiss.

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,30.09.1999, 16.06.2001 E 1751, Endemic,LR(cd).

Marrubium bourgaei Boiss. subsp.bourgaei



Mentha longifolia (L.) Hodson subsp.typhoides (Briq.) Harley var. typhoides


Micromeria myrtifolia Boiss. & Hohen.


Nepeta cilicia Boiss. apud Benth.


N. nuda L. subsp. albiflora (Boiss.) Gams


N. nuda L. subsp. lydiae P.H.Davis


Phlomis armeniaca Wild.


Salvia aethiopsis L.


S. cadmica Boiss.


S. candidissima Vahl subsp. occidentalisHedge


S. chionantha Boiss.


S. potentillifolia Boiss. & Heldr. exBentham


235


S. psidica Boiss. & Heldr. ex Bentham


Satureja wiedemanniana (Lalem.) Velen.

Burdur: Bölmepınar village, vicinity ofÜçevler plantation area 1400 m,30.09.1999, E 87, Endemic, LR(lc).

Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. pinnatifidaJ.R.Edm.



Sideritis perfoliata L.


S. pisidica Boiss. & Heldr. apud Benth.


Stachys annua (L.) L. subsp. ammophyla(Boiss. & Bl.) F.Sam.




S. cretica L. subsp. anatolica Rech.f.


S. cretica L. subsp. mersinaea (Boiss.)Rech.f.


S. lavandulifolia Vahl var. lavandulifolia


Teucrium chamaedrys L. subsp.chamaedrys




T. polium L.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.07.2000,

E 915/a.

Thymus cherlerioides Vis. var.cherlerioides


T. longicaulis C.Presl subsp. chaubardii(Boiss. & Heldr. ex Rchb.f.) Jalas var.alternatus Jalas


T. sipyleus Boiss. subsp. rosulans(Barbas) Jalas


T. sipyleus Boiss. subsp. sipyleus var.davisianus Ronniger


Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,30.09.1999, 16.06.2001, E 1750, Endemic,LR(nt).

T. zygioides Griseb. var. lycaonicus(C̆elak) Ronniger


Wiedemanniana orientalis Fisch. &C.A.Mey.


Ziziphora tenuior L.



LEGUMINOSAE

Astragalus amoenus Fenzl


A. angustifolius Lam. subsp. angustifoliusvar. angustifolius


Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,30.09.1999, 16.06.2001, E 1713.

A. angustifolius Lam. subsp. pungens(Willd) Hayek



A. brachypterus Fisch.

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000, E958, Endemic.

A. cadmicus Boiss.


A. cariensis Boiss.


A. hamosus L.


A. hirsutus Vahl


A. lycius Boiss.


A. lydius Boiss.


236


A. macrocephalus Willd subsp. finitimus(Bunge) Chamb.


A. odoratus Lam.


A. onobrychis L.


A. oxytropifolius Boiss.


A. pinetorum Boiss.



A. wiedemannianus Fisch.


Colutea melanocalyx Boiss. & Heldr.subsp. davisiana (Browicz) Chamb.


Hedysarum pestalozzae Boiss.

Burdur: Above Kırkpınar village, 1600-1800 m, 01.07.2000, E 1046, Endemic,LR(lc).

Lathyrus aphaca L. var. aphaca


Lathyrus stenophyllus Boiss. & Heldr.


Lotus corniculatus L. var. alpinus Ser.


Medicago coronata (L.) Bart.


M. lupulina L.



M. minima (L.) Bart. var. minima



M. rigidula (L.) All. var. rigidula


M. x varia Martyn

Burdur: Between Bölmepınar andOsmankalfalar villages, 1400-1450 m,30.09.1999, E 91,




Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr.


Onobrychis cornuta (L.) Desv.


O. cf. montana DC. subsp. cadmea(Boiss.) P.W.Ball


O. oxydonta Boiss.


Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01,07.2000, E1089,


Ononis spinosa L.


Trifolium campestre Schreb.



T. physodes Steven ex M.Bieb. var.physodes


T. resupinatum L. var. resupinatum


Trigonella aurantiaca Boiss.


T. balansae Boiss. & Reut.


T. cariensis Boiss.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E1084.

T. coerulescens (M.Bieb.) Hal.


T. spruneriana Boiss. var. spruneriana

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E1114.

Vicia anatolica Turrill



237

V. ervilia (L.) Willd


LINACEAE

Linum hirsutum L. subsp.pseudoanatolicum P.H.Davis


MALVACEAE

Alcea pallida Waldst. & Kit.


Malva neglecta Wallr.



MORINACEAE

Morina persica L.


OLEACEAE

Jasminum fruticans L.


OROBANCHACEAE

Orobanche nana Noe ex Beck


O. ramosa L.


PAPAVERACEAE

Fumaria asepala Boiss.



Glacium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph


E 1088/b.

G. leiocarpum Boiss.


Hypecoum imberbe Sibth. & Sm.




H. pendulum L.


Papaver apokrinomenon Fedde


P. rhoeas L.


E 1143/a.

PLANTAGINACEAE

Plantago lanceolata L.


PLUMBAGINACEAE

Acantholimon acerosum (Wild.) Boiss.var. acerosum





A. venustum Boiss. var. laxiflorum (Boiss.ex Bunge) Bakhari


A. venustum Boiss. var. venustum


Plumbago europaea L.


POLYGALACEAE

Polygala pruinosa Boiss. subsp. pruinosa

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.07.2000, E 934/b,

Burdur: Above Kırkpınar village, 1600-1800 m, 01.07.2000, E 1028/b.

POLYGONACEAE

Atraphaxis billardieri Jaub. & Spach var.billardieri


Polygonum cognatum Meisn.


P. patulum M.Bieb.


Rumex crispus L.


238


PORTULACACEAE

Portulaca oleracea L.


PRIMULACEAE

Androsacea maxima L.


RANUNCULACEAE

Adonis aestivalis L. subsp. aestivalis


A. flammea Jacq.


Ceratocephalus falcatus (L.) Pers.

Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar village, 1400-1500 m,08.04.2001, E 1295.

Consolida hellespontica (Boiss.) Chater


C. orientalis (Gay) Schrod.


C. raveyi (Boiss.) Schrod.



Delphinium peregrinum L.



Nigella arvensis L. var. glauca Boiss.



Ranunculus argyreus Boiss.


R. arvensis L.


RESEDACEAE

Reseda lutea L. var. lutea


R. lutea L. var. nutans Boiss.



ROSACEAE

Amygdalus orientalis Mill.




Cerasus prosrata (Labram) Ser. var.prosrata




Crataegus aronia (L.) Bosc ex DC. var.aronia


C. monogyna Jacq. subsp. azarella (Gris)Franco


Potentilla recta L.





P. reptans L.


Pyrus amygdaliformis Vill. var.amygdaliformis


Rosa canina L.


Rosa pulverulenta M.Bieb.


Sanguisorba minor Scop. subsp. muricata(Spach) Briq.


E 120/a.

RUBIACEAE

Asperula nitida Sm. subsp. hirtella(Boiss.) Ehrend.



239

Crucianella disticha Boiss.


Cruciata taurica (Pall. ex Willd.) Ehrend.



Galium aparine L.


Galium incanum Sm. subsp. centraleEhrend.


G. incanum Sm. subsp. elatius (Boiss.)Ehrend.



G. subuliferum Sommer & Lev.


G. verticillatum Danthoine ex Lam.

Burdur Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1741/a.

G. verum L. subsp. verum


Putoria calabrica (L.f.) DC.


RUTACEAE

Haplophyllum suaveolens (DC.) G.Don.var. suaveolens


SALICACEAE

Salix alba L.

Burdur: Bölmepınar village, vicinity ofÜçevler plantation area, 30.09.1999,


Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,01.07.2000,

Burdur: Above Kırkpınar village, 1600-1800 m, 01.07.2000, observation.

SANTALACEAE

Thesium billardieri Boiss.


SCROPHULARIACEAE

Linaria corifolia Desf.



L. kurdica Boiss. & Hohen. subsp.eriocalyx (Boiss.) P.H.Davis

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,22.06.2002, E 2072, Endemic, EN.

L. simplex (Willd) DC.


Scrophularia rimarum Bornm.


S. scopolii (Hoppe ex) Pers. var. scopolii


Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.


V. elmaliensis M.A.Fisch.



SOLANACEAE

Datura stramonium L.


Hyocyamus niger L.


THYMELACEAE

Daphne oleoides Schreb. subsp. oleoides


UMBELLIFERAE

Artedia squamata L.


Bifora radians M.Bieb.


Bunium microcarpum (Boiss.) Freynsubsp. microcarpum


B. pestalozzae Boiss.


Bupleurum croceum Fenzl


B. gracile d’Urv.


240



Conium maculatum L.


E 1145/a.

Daucus carota L.


Eryngium campestre L.


Falcaria vulgaris Bernh.


Ferula lycia Boiss.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 1106, Endemic, LR(cd).

Ferulago aucheri Boiss.




Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500m,1.06.2000,E 2191/a.

Heracleum humile Sm.


Laserpitium petrophilum Boiss. & Heldr.



Lisaea papyracea Boiss.


Opopanax hispidus (Friv.) Gris


Prangos meliocarpoides Boiss. var.meliocarpoides


Scandix iberica M.Bieb.


S. pecten-veneris L.


Tordylium lanatum (Boiss.) Boiss.

Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 918, Endemic, VU.

Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn.


T. ucranica Sprengel


Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm.



Turgeniopsis foeniculacea (Fenzl) Boiss.


URTICACEAE

Parietaria judaica L.

Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 01.07.2000,observation.

Urtica dioica L.


E 1116/a.

VALERIANACEAE

Valeriana dioscoridis Sm.


Valerianella vesicaria (L.) Moench


E 1138.

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE

Tribulus terrestris L.


MONOCOTYLEDONES

ARACEAE

Dracunculus vulgaris Schott


CYPERACEAE

Carex distans L.


Carex hordeistichos Vill.


Eleocharis mitracarpa Steud.


Scirpoides holoschoenus (L.) Soják



241

GRAMINAE

Aegilops geniculata Roth



A. markrafii (Greuter) Hammer


Aira elegantissima Schur subsp. ambigua(Arc.) M.Dogan


Arrhenatherum palaestinum Boiss.


Avena sterilis L. subsp. sterilis


Bellardiochloa carica R.B.Mill.

Burdur: Gencer plateau, 2020-2100 m,16.06.2001, E 1741, Endemic, EN.

Briza maxima L.


Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,01.07.2000, observation.

B. media L.


Burdur: Between Osmankalfalar andKırkpınar villages, 1400-1500 m,01.07.2000, E 948/a.

Bromus lanceolatus Roth


B. squarrosus L.



B. tomentellus Boiss.



B. tectorum L.


Dactylis glomerata L. subsp. glomerata


Elymus lazicus (Boiss.) Melderis subsp.divaricatus (Boiss. & Bal.) Melderis




Eragrostris minor Host


Festuca pinifolia (Hack. ex Boiss.) Bornm.var. phrygia (St.-Yves) Markgr.-Dann.


F. pinifolia (Hack. ex Boiss.) Bornm. var.pinifolia




F. sipylea (Hack.) Markgr.-Dann.


Helictotrichon pratense (L.) Besser Schultex Schult.f.


H. pubescens (Huds.) Besser ex Schult.f.


Hordeum bulbosum L.


Burdur: Between Çomak pass andOsmankalfalar village, 1440-1500 m,01.06.2000, E 926, Burdur: Kırkpınarvillage, vicinity of chrome mine shaft, 2000m, 01.07.2000, E 1065.

H. murinum L. subsp. leporinum (Link)Arc. var. leporinum


Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers.




Melica ciliata L. subsp. ciliata



M. ciliata L. subsp. magnolii (Gren. &Godr.) Husnot


Milium vernale M.Bieb. subsp.montianum (Parl.) Jah. & Maire


Phleum exaratum Hochst. ex Griseb.subsp. exaratum


242


Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. exSteud.

Burdur: Bölmepınar village, vicinity ofÜçevler plantation area, 30.09.1999,


Burdur: Kırkpınar village, vicinity ofchrome mine shaft, 2000 m, 07.07.2002,observation.

Poa bulbosa L.


Stipa holosericea Trin.




S. pulcherrima C.Koch subsp. epilosa(Martinovsky) Tzvelev


Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevskisubsp. crinitum (Schreb.) Melderis


IRIDACEAE

Crocus danfordiae Maw

Burdur: Rahat D., 2000 m, T.Baytop etal. 8402, Endemic, LR(lc).

C. biflorus Mill. subsp. isauricus (Siehe exBowles) S.P.Mathew

Burdur: Rahat D., T.Baytop et al. 8401,Endemic, LR(lc).

Crocus pallasii Goldb. subsp. pallasii


JUNCACEAE

Juncus inflexus L.



LILIACEAE

Allium flavum L. subsp. flavum var.flavum


A. hirtovaginatum Cand.


A. stylosum O.Schwarz


Gagea granatellii (Parl.) Parl.



Merendera attica (Spruner) Boiss. exSpruner


Muscari bourgaei Baker

Burdur: Vicinity of Osmankalfalar village,1450-2000 m, 21.04.2000, E 259,Endemic, LR(lc).

M. neglectum Guss.


Ornithogalum pyrenaicum L.


O. ulophyllum Hand.-Mazz.


POTAMOGETONACEAE

Groenlandia densa (L.) Fourr.



243

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