Florence Nightingale 1820-1910 NURS 324 Fall 2012 A presentation by Sara Anderson, Cristin Barnaby, Sherry Brabon and Stephanie Olson
Transcript
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Florence Nightingale 1820-1910 NURS 324 Fall 2012 A
presentation by Sara Anderson, Cristin Barnaby, Sherry Brabon and
Stephanie Olson
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Introduction Crimean War Increased rate of illness in her
facility Investigation found standing sewage under hospital
Beginning of public health
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Introduction continued Training was focused on: health
promotion disease prevention research ethics safe work conditions
multi-disciplinary approach nursing autonomy
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Introduced ethical principle 'do no harm' Taught basic hygiene
practices Encouraged environmental sanitation Advocated for
infection control by promoting sterilization and isolation
Introduced evidence-based health care (Letizia, 2012) Pioneer in
Nursing
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Florence Nightingale believed the foundations of good health
were: 1.Decent housing 2.Clean water and air 3.Good nutrition
4.Safe Childbirth 5.Good childcare (McDonald, 2007)
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Philosophic Views Client centered with a holistic approach.
Biological Psychological Social (Dossey, 2005)
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Nightingale believed that nursing interventions and actions
could meet, resolve and alleviate the needs and problems of the
clients. ( Nightingale, 1860)
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Theory Assumptions Natural laws Mankind can achieve perfection
Nursing is a calling Nursing is an art and a science Nursing is
achieved through environmental alteration Nursing requires
specialized education Nursing is distinct and separate from
medicine (Selanders, 2010)
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Environmental Adaptation Theory Nightingale observed that
healing and health could not occur in poor environments.
"Environment could be altered to improve conditions so that the
natural laws would allow healing to occur." - Florence Nightingale
( Selanders, 2010)
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Environmental Theory Continued... * Ventilation and warming*
Variety * Light* Chattering hopes and advices * Noise* Taking food
- What food? * Cleanliness of rooms * Petty management * Health of
houses* Observation of the sick * Bed and bedding * Personal
cleanliness These are referred to as Nightingale's 13
Canons(Nightingale, 1860)
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Nursing Paradigms Nightingale's documents contain her
philosophical assumptions and beliefs which regard all elements
that are found in the metaparadigm of nursing. (Selanders LC,
2010)
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Four Global Concepts 1.Nursing: o Nursing is the "activities
that promote health (as outline in canons) which occur in any
caregiving situation. They can be done by anyone." (Nightingale,
1860) o Extended outside of hospital and into environmental
settings (Chitty & Black, 2011) 2. Person: o People are
composed of biological, psychological, social and spiritual
components. All these components affect the patient and how they
will achieve health.
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Global Concepts Continued 3. Health: o Health was focused on
"not only to be well, but to be able to use well every power we
have." (Nightingale, 1860) 4. Environment: o 13 canons influence o
Poor or difficult environments led to poor health and disease o
Environment could be altered to improve conditions so that the
natural laws would allow healing to occur
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Nightingale's Theory & Nursing Practice Nightingale's
philosophy is influenced around the the effects of the environment
and how it relates to the patient's health or recovery of their
illness.
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Consequences More focus on physical factors rather than on
psychological needs Current practice understands the psychological
needs required for health
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First of Her Kind Informed Observation Innovative and
Reflective o Kept Journals o Developed Practice o Defined the
Profession Completely Unique
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Influences on her Theory Observations o Crimean War Soldiers
Metaparadigm of Nursing o Person and Health o Environment and
Nursing (Chitty 305-306)
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Author of Global Concepts Human Being Environment Health
Nursing
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Broad Spectrum Environmental Theory in ALL Settings Holistic
Nursing Are YOU Interested in Learning More About Holistic Nursing?
Are YOU Interested in Learning More About Holistic Nursing?
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How Can I Use This Theory? Focus on Health Observe Your Patient
Collaborate with a Multidisciplinary Team Intersectoral
Collaboration Take Action! (Arseneault,26)
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Case Study Nightingale placed great value on altering the
environment to promote health. What are some current issues where
Nightingales theory may be applied? Explain.
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References Arseneault, A.-M. (2011, Winter). Florence
Nightingale's beliefs and Primary Health Care (PHC). Info Nursing,
42(3), 25+. Retrieved from http://0-
go.galegroup.com.libcat.ferris.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7C
A276353110&v=2.1&u=lom_ferrissu&it=r&p=AONE&sw
=w Chitty, K. & Black, B.(2011). Professional nursing: concepts
& challenges. Maryland Heights, MO: Saunders Elsevier Dossey,
B. (2005). Florence Nightingale and holistic nursing. NSNA Imprint,
Feb/March 2005, 56-58. Retrieved from:
http://www.nsna.org/Portals/0/Skins/NSNA/pdf/Imprint_F
ebMar05_feature_Nightingale.pdf
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Letizia, Marilo. (2012). Infection prevention and control,
starting with Flo. MedSurg Nursing, 19(6), 315-316. Retrieved from:
http://0-
go.galegroup.com.libcat.ferris.edu/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCoun
tType=None&sort=DA-
SORT&prodId=ITOF&tabID=T002&subjectParam=Q1&resul
tListType=RESULT_LIST&searchId=R1&displaySubject=Nig
htingale%2C+Florence&searchType=SubjectGuideForm&co
ntentSegment=¤tPosition=16&subjectAction=VIEW_S
UBDIVISIONS&searchQueryId=Q1&inPS=true&userGroupN
ame=lom_ferrissu&contentSet=GALE%7CA246717209&&d
ocId=GALE|A246717209&docType=GALE&role= McDonald, L.
(2007). The collected works of Florence Nightingale. Retrieved
from: http://www.uoguelph.ca/~cwfn/nursing/theory.html
References
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Nightingale, F. (1860). Notes on nursing: What it is and what
it is not. London: Harrison. Retrieved from:
http://books.google.com/books?id=YxIDAAAAQAAJ&printse
c=frontcover&dq=Notes+on+Nursing#v=onepage&q=Notes
%20on%20Nursing&f=false
http://books.google.com/books?id=YxIDAAAAQAAJ&printse
c=frontcover&dq=Notes+on+Nursing#v=onepage&q=Notes
%20on%20Nursing&f=false Selanders, L.C. (2010). The power of
environmental adaptation: Florence Nightingale's original theory
for nursing practice. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 28(1), 81-89.
doi: 10.1177/089801010936025 7 Theory of Florence Nightingale.
(2012). Retrieved from:
http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Florence_Nighting
ale_theory.html