FloSystem User DocumentationVersion 3.6eOctober 2001

EDINBURGH PETROLEUM SERVICES LTD(C) Copyright EPS Ltd. 1991-2001.

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FloSystem User Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chapter 1 - Introduction to FloSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1. 1. What Is FloSystem? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

1. 2. PC Hardware Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121. 3. Versions of the Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121. 4. How To Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

1.4.1.Manual Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121. 5. FloSystem Product Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

1.5.1.Help System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131.5.2.The Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131.5.3.EPS Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Chapter 2 - Getting Started With FloSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162. 1. Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162. 2. Licensing and Accessing Valve Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172. 3. The Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172. 4. Setting up File Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222. 5. Using the Word Macro for Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232. 6. Starting FloSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

2.6.1.Starting WellFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242.6.2.Starting Well Data Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242.6.3.Starting FieldFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

2. 7. Security Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Chapter 3 - On-Line Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3. 1. Using Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253.1.1.FloSystem Help System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253.1.2.Context Sensitive Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Chapter 4 - Using the FloSystem Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274. 1. Working With WellFlo and FieldFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4.1.1.FloSystem Program Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .274.1.2.FloSystem Data Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4. 2. Working With WellFlo and Well Data Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .274.2.1.FloSystem Program Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

4. 3. FloSystem Units System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284.3.1.Units System Terminology and Rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284.3.2.Switching Units Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294.3.3.Creating or Editing a Units System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294.3.4.Example Units Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

4. 4. Getting Hard Copy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364.4.1.Installing a Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364.4.2.Printer Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .374.4.3.Page Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .374.4.4.Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

4. 5. FloSystem Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .394.5.1.Graphing Window Screen Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .404.5.2.Graphing Menu Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Chapter 5 - Introduction to WellFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495. 1. WellFlo - General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495. 2. This Section Of The Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495. 3. WellFlo Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

5.3.1.Deliverability Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495.3.2.Diagnostic Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

5. 4. Setting Up and Running a Well Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .505.4.1.What is Involved? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

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5.4.2.Data Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .515.4.3.Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .515.4.4.Outputting Your Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Chapter 6 - WellFlo System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533

6. 1. Overview Of System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .536. 2. WellFlo Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

6.2.1.File Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .556.2.2.Configure Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

6. 3. Well Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .656.3.1.Using The Tabular and Graphical Editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .656.3.2.Well Components Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .676.3.3.Surface Components Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .826.3.4.Graphical Editor Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

6. 4. General Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .986. 5. Well and Flow Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .996. 6. Reservoir Control - Fluid Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

6.6.1.Black Oil PVT Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1016.6.2.Dry Gas PVT Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1136.6.3.Condensate PVT Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1176.6.4.Volatile Oil PVT Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

6. 7. Reservoir Control - Inflow Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1266.7.1.Layer control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1276.7.2.Entry models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1286.7.3.Layer IPR Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1416.7.4.Well orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1496.7.5.Skin analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1536.7.6.Relative Permeabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1676.7.7.Composite IPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1716.7.8.Nodal analysis reservoir sensitivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173

6. 8. Gas Lift Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1746.8.1.Gas Lift Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1746.8.2.Gas Lift Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

Chapter 7 - WellFlo Analysis Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1777. 1. Setting Up Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1777. 2. Pressure Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

7.2.1.Calculation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1797.2.2.Selecting The Range Of Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1807.2.3.Selecting The Flowrates For Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1817.2.4.Choice Of Flow Correlations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

7. 3. Temperature Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1877.3.1.Manual Temperature Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1877.3.2.Calculated Temperature Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1887.3.3.Calibrated Temperature Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1897.3.4.Coupled Pressure-Temperature Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

7. 4. Gas Lift Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1927. 5. Sensitivity Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193

7.5.1.Automatic L-factor calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1957.5.2.Stability check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1967.5.3.Iteration to exact operating point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .196

7. 6. Gas Lift Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1977.6.1.Input data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1987.6.2.Design option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2047.6.3.Re-calculate option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2087.6.4.Sizing option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209

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7. 7. Intermittent Gas Lift Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2147.7.1.Intermittent Gas Lift Design Margins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2157.7.2.Intermittent Gas Lift Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216

7. 8. Methodology of Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2174

7.8.1.Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2177.8.2.Calculation Background Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219

7. 9. Advanced Gas Valve Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2277.9.1.Gas Valve Modelling Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2297.9.2.Sensitivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2327.9.3.Calculate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2337.9.4.Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233

Chapter 8 - Output of WellFlo Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2348. 1. Outputting the Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2348. 2. Outputting the Results of Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234

8.2.1.Graphical Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2368.2.2.Report Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2438.2.3.Calculation Log Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2468.2.4.File export in VFP, BHP and other formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2498.2.5.Pseudo-Pressure File Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .264

Chapter 9 - WellFlo Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2679. 1. Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2679. 2. Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2769. 3. Example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .285

Chapter 10 - References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288Chapter 11 - Introduction to Well Data Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

11. 1. Well Data Manager - Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29011. 2. Vertical Lift Performance (Well Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

11.2.1.Wells Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29111.2.2.Sheet Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29311.2.3.Help Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29411.2.4.Using the Function Buttons and Spreadsheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294

11. 3. Layer Inflow Performance (Layer Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29511.3.1.Wells Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29511.3.2.Layers Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29511.3.3.Sheet Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29611.3.4.Help Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29611.3.5.Using the Function Buttons and Spreadsheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296

11. 4. Eclipse VFP Table Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29711.4.1.Wells Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29811.4.2.Units Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29811.4.3.Sheet Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29911.4.4.Generate Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29911.4.5.Help Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29911.4.6.Using the Function Buttons and Spreadsheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299

Chapter 12 - Introduction to FieldFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30212. 1. FieldFlo - Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30212. 2. This Section Of The Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30312. 3. FieldFlo Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .303

12.3.1.Gas Lift Optimisation/Allocation Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30312.3.2.Field Modelling Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304

12. 4. Use of WellFlo within FieldFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30412. 5. Setting Up / Running A Field Optimisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305

12.5.1.What Is Involved? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30512.5.2.Data Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306

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12.5.3.Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30612.5.4.Outputting Your Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .307

12. 6. Configure Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30812.6.1.Configure Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3085

12.6.2.Configure Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .308Chapter 13 - FieldFlo System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

13. 1. Overview of Field System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31013. 2. FieldFlo Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310

13.2.1.Data Organisation - Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31013.2.2.Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31113.2.3.Solution Control Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31113.2.4.Calculated Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312

13. 3. Using The Graphical Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31313.3.1.The Graphical Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31313.3.2.Representation of the Field Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31413.3.3.Recalling and Saving Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31613.3.4.The Toolbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32113.3.5.Moving About In A Field Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32213.3.6.Selecting Items For Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32313.3.7.Viewing The Field Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .324

13. 4. Setting Up and Editing The Field Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33013.4.1.Editing Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33013.4.2.Editing Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .335

13. 5. Setting Up And Editing Wells And Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33613.5.1.Setting up and Editing Wells Using WellFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33613.5.2.Setting up and Editing Surface Facilities Using WellFlo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .337

13. 6. Editing Field Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33713.6.1.Editing Well Performance Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33813.6.2.Editing Unit Performance Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34813.6.3.Calibrating Well Performance Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .351

13. 7. Calibrating Well Data in Batch Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36013. 8. Batch Control File for Updating L-Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361

13.8.1.Well Test Data Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36213.8.2.Batch Control File Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .368

Chapter 14 - FieldFlo Solution Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37014. 1. Overview of Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .370

14.1.1.Well Performance Curve Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37014.1.2.Build Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37114.1.3.Allocate Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37314.1.4.History Match Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .374

14. 2. Running The Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37514.2.1.Running Well Performance Curve Generator (WellPCG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37514.2.2.Running Build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37614.2.3.Running Allocate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37814.2.4.Running History Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380

Chapter 15 - FieldFlo Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38115. 1. Outputting The Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .381

15.1.1.Field Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38115. 2. Outputting the Results of Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .381

15.2.1.Gas Allocation and Oil Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38215.2.2.Unit Performance Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38215.2.3.Gas versus Gas, Oil or Revenue per Child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38215.2.4.Results Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .384

15. 3. Exchange Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .385

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15.3.1.Reservoir Data Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38615.3.2.Reservoir Data Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38615.3.3.Gas lift allocation output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38715.3.4.Pipeline Data Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3876

Chapter 16 - FieldFlo Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38816. 1. FieldFlo Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .388

Chapter 17 - WellFlo - ESP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40817. 1. WellFlo - ESP: General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40817. 2. This Section of the Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40817. 3. WellFlo - ESP Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409

17.3.1.Designing an ESP Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40917.3.2.Analysis of an ESP Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409

17. 4. Running ESP Design or Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41017.4.1.WellFlo-ESP Software Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41017.4.2.What Is Involved? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41117.4.3.Data Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41117.4.4.Design and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41117.4.5.Outputting Your Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .412

Chapter 18 - ESP Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41318. 1. ESP Data Entry Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41318. 2. Inserting an ESP in the Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .413

18.2.1.Moving an ESP in the Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41418. 3. ESP Design Mode Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414

18.3.1.Pump Environment - Design Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41518.3.2.Pump Wear Factors and Efficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41618.3.3.Calculation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .417

18. 4. ESP Analysis Mode Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41718.4.1.Pump Environment - Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41818.4.2.Choosing an ESP and Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .419

18. 5. ESP Pump and Motor Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42018.5.1.Pump Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42118.5.2.Motor Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426

Chapter 19 - ESP Design and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42919. 1. Setting up the Calculations - General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42919. 2. ESP Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .429

19.2.1.Selecting the Range of Nodes and Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43019.2.2.Entering the Design Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43019.2.3.Designing setting depth with the Vary Depth Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43019.2.4.Adjusting the Recommended Pump Flow Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43319.2.5.ESP Design Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43419.2.6.Choosing Which ESP to Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43419.2.7.ESP Selection Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .437

19. 3. ESP Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43819.3.1.Selecting the Range of Nodes and Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43919.3.2.Entering the Flowrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43919.3.3.ESP Analysis Sensitivity Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43919.3.4.ESP Analysis Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .440

19. 4. Methodology of Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44119.4.1.ESP Pressure Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44119.4.2.Motor Current and Power Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44219.4.3.Temperature Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44219.4.4.Viscosity Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44319.4.5.Gassiness Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .443

Chapter 20 - Output from WellFlo-ESP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

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20. 1. Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44420. 2. General Results Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44520. 3. ESP Design Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .445

20.3.1.ESP Design Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4457

20.3.2.ESP Design Pressure-Depth Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44620. 4. ESP Analysis Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .447

20.4.1.ESP Analysis Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44720. 5. Output from ESP Pump & Motor Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .451

Chapter 21 - ESP Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45221. 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .452

21.1.1.Entering New Motor Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45621.1.2.Entering New Pump Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .458

Alphabetic Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458

NoticeFloSystem is produced and owned exclusively by:8

Edinburgh Petroleum Services LtdResearch ParkRiccartonEDINBURGH EH14 4APScotland, UK.(C) Copyright EPS Ltd. 1991-2001. All rights reserved.This manual and software is licensed under the terms of a software licence between EdinburghPetroleum Services (EPS) Ltd and the software user. Use of the software outside the terms of thislicence is illegal. Duplication of the software or of this manual, in part or in whole, is strictlyprohibited except as provided for under the terms of the licence, or with written authorisationfrom EPS Ltd.This manual describes a technical computer application package and instructions for datapreparation and use of the package. The software has been thoroughly tested and every effort hasbeen made to achieve accuracy and completeness in both the software and documentation. Nowarranty, express or implied, is made in the application of the package. The FloSystemtechniques are inevitably drastic simplifications of complex oil field problems, and the Usermust at all times take responsibility for the application of the techniques described herein to hisor her actual situation.Gas Lift Valve Spacing and SizingThe Gas Lift Design facility in WellFlo uses established techniques to estimate the spacings ofgas lift valves subject to the operational constraints specified by the user, and to estimate thevalve orifice sizes and dome pressures. These are recommended settings only, based on thesupplied data. We strongly recommend that gas lift valve equipment suppliers be contacted before a final

decision is made about any valve.WellFlo-ESPWe particularly draw the attention of users of WellFlo-ESP to the fact that the ESP Pump andMotor Data supplied with WellFlo-ESP is obtained by EPS from the manufacturers of thisequipment. EPS cannot verify the accuracy of this data, nor can EPS guarantee that the datasupplied with this program is the most up-to-date available, nor can EPS guarantee that the list ofequipment is complete. Updates of the information will be supplied to customers using EPS'maintenance contract from time to time, but equipment manufacturers are continually updatingand improving their products, and you should be aware that specification changes may havetaken place since EPS last updated the WellFlo-ESP data. WellFlo-ESP is an ESP-production model working with WellFlo. It is NOT a comprehensive

database product for ESP equipment. We strongly recommend that ESP equipment suppliers be contacted before a final decision is

made about any pump.

Acknowledgements

Reference is made to a number of trademarks throughout this manual:9

Windows, Windows 95, 98, 2000, Windows NT, Word, and Excel are marks of Microsoft Corp.

Nodal is a mark of Schlumberger.

InstallSHIELD is a mark of The Stirling Group.

FlexLM is a mark of Globetrotter Inc.

How To Use This DocumentationTo save yourself time, please read this before proceeding further!10

Chapter No./Topic 1 Introduction to FloSystem2 Installation

3 Working in Windows4 FloSystem Interface

5 WellFlo Intro6-10 WellFlo/Gas lift

11 Well Data Manager

12 FieldFlo Intro13-16 FieldFlo

17 ESP Intro Read the sections 18-21

ESP For an overview...

Windows novice

To Install FloSystem

WellFlo-only user

FieldFlo user

ESP User

Experienced user

Introduction to FloSystem

Chap

ter

1 -

Intro

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Chapter 1- Introduction to FloSystem11

1.1. What Is FloSystem?FloSystem is a suite of programs developed by Edinburgh Petroleum Services Limited to aid thepetroleum engineer in the optimisation, design and diagnosis of oil wells and productionsystems.

This manual describes the software, which is comprised of four programs: WellFlo (including anoptional Gas-Lift section), WellFlo-ESP, Well Data Manager and FieldFlo. WellFlo is a singlewell Nodal Analysis program which models natural producers, injectors and, optionally, gas-lifted wells; WellFlo-ESP adds the option to model Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) liftedwells. Well Data Manager is a spreadsheet application that allows quick and easy access to alarge number of well models stored in a given directory. FieldFlo is a network model specificallywritten to optimise the allocation of gas to gas-lifted oil wells in complex networks.

WellFlo supports a range of PVT, IPR, Vertical Lift, Temperature and Choke correlations andmodels. It can be used in two main modes:

(i) to find the operating point (i.e. production rate) of a well or system, or(ii) to find the pressure drop along a well or pipeline.

In both modes of operation, a wide range of sensitivity variables can be used to study different"what-if" cases. Graphs can be made of results of these calculations. A gas-lift option is availablewhich includes a design facility for the positioning of unloading and orifice valves.

Well Data Manager has three operational modes:

(i) Well Data Manager - select well models, display performance and optionally updateselected parameters in the well models.

(ii) Layer Data Manager - as above, but performance parameter selection and update arecarried out on a layer basis.

(iii) VFP Table Generation - select well models from several directories and generate VFPtables in Eclipse format for a specified range of production parameters.

FieldFlo takes as a starting point the individual well performance curves generated by WellFlo.After the network of wells and manifolds is defined in FieldFlo, WellFlo is used to describe thepipelines connecting them. A series of calculations can then be performed to calculate theoptimum lift gas distribution for the field and predict the production potential. These calculationsaccount for the pressure drop in the network and the range of wells involved (e.g. naturallyflowing, gas-lifted wells, electrically pumped wells, gas wells, etc.).WellFlo, Well Data Manager and FieldFlo operate under the Microsoft Windows 95, 98, 2000,Windows NT and UNIX environments, allowing you to set up and modify your well and fielddesign through highly interactive graphical editors. As FloSystem is a Windows-based product,users who have the basic techniques and skills required to operate other Windows-basedapplications will be working in a familiar environment.

Introduction to FloSystem

1. 2.

PC

Ha

rdwa

re R

equire

men

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1.2. PC Hardware RequirementsTo run the FloSystem on a PC, you require the following hardware:12

Intel or compatible 80486 Pentium-based PC. (A maths co-processor is not strictly necessary,but FloSystem's performance will be increased by a factor of 4 or 5 by the use of one. Notethat the 486DX has a built-in co-processor, but the 486SX will need a 487SX upgrade)

Windows 95, 98, 2000 or Windows NT, installed on your machine. 4MB Memory (RAM) above basic operating system requirements A hard disk with at least 5 megabytes of disk space for the program files. (Additional space

will be needed for your own data files). A valid software security licence (FlexLM supplied by EPS) enabled for the appropriate

options.

1.3. Versions of the SoftwareAlthough you may be able to install and start up the older Windows 3.1 version of FloSystem ona Windows 95, 98 or NT computer, some parts of the program will not function correctly (inparticular Export to Simulator and any call to WellFlo to FieldFlo). Ask your EPS representativeabout a 32-bit upgrade. Note also that different PC operating systems require different drivers (orthe same drivers to be reinstalled as in a Windows 98 migration) for some parts of the program.If you wish to change your operating system we suggest you contact EPS to check what will berequired.

1.4. How To Use This Manual1. 4. 1. Manual StructureFloSystem is a modular product. Some customers will only use WellFlo, whilst others may useWellFlo along with Well Data Manager and/or the ESP module or FieldFlo. This manual is alsostructured in a modular way, with five main sections: Basics, which covers common aspects of the FloSystem programs. WellFlo (including gas lift) Well Data Manager FieldFlo WellFlo-ESPBasicsThis section covers the items you need to know to get started with FloSystem:

This chapter is an introduction to the FloSystem package, including hardware requirements. Chapter 2 covers the aspects of installation and starting the programs. Chapter 3 briefly describes the commands and methods used to operate FloSystem including

the on-line Help available. Chapter 4 covers common interface aspects of WellFlo, Well Data Manager and FieldFlo,

including the data structure, units system (oilfield or metric, etc.), printing and plotting.

Introduction to FloSystem

1. 5.

Flo

Syst

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odu

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upp

ort

WellFlo, Well Data Manager, FieldFlo and WellFlo/ESPWellFlo (section 2), Well Data Manager (section 3), FieldFlo (section 4), and WellFlo/ESP(section 5) are arranged in a similar manner as outlined below:13

The program is introduced and described in terms of what it does for the engineer and howbasic functions can be performed.

How to prepare data and set up a model ready for calculations. Running calculations and some background on the FloSystem calculations. Data input (e.g. IPR data in WellFlo) and the main data output results of the computations

made within FloSystem applications.

1.5. FloSystem Product Support1. 5. 1. Help SystemIf a problem or question arises, the first place to try is the on-line Help system. This can beaccessed in FloSystem applications by a number of methods:

Use the Help option on the main menu bar. This is described in Using Help. Hit the F1 key when a menu item is highlighted, or while operating in a dialog box (i.e.

context-sensitive). Use SHIFT + F1 to get help on graphic screen regions by clicking the area of interest (e.g.

menu bar, toolbar, plot legend, axes, etc.). A large question mark appears beside the mousepointer when this is active.

1. 5. 2. The ManualThe next place to try is this manual. It contains a full index and annotated illustrations whichdescribe and/or show specific screens or windows to assist users with navigational or operationalproblems. Many common problems may be addressed here, so please consult this manual beforecalling EPS.

1. 5. 3. EPS SupportIf the problem cannot be addressed by any of the previous methods, or there is a specific questionabout the program which is not answered anywhere, then it is time to call for help.

InternetAt http://www.e-petroleumservices.com you will find the EPS web-site. Select Support from themain menu. As this manual goes to press the support area of our web-site provides Upgrades,Fixes, Release Notes, Known Issues, a Users Forum and other information.

Support DeskProvided you have a maintenance contract with us, you can call EPS (or your local agent) to gethelp with problems with the software. Depending on the nature of the problem, one of thefollowing may happen:

We might be able to tell you verbally what you are doing wrong and address the problemquickly.

If we suspect a program bug, we will try to repeat it at EPS. We may ask you to send us moredetails or the actual data you are using, so that we can verify the problem. If the problem isserious, we would consider issuing a fix, otherwise the problem will be logged in the bug/enhancement database for attention in the next scheduled release.

Introduction to FloSystem

1. 5.

3.

EPS

Supp

ort

Conversely, you might be calling to tell us a problem has been fixed (either by our advice, bya bug fix, or by your doing things differently). This is still important, as we will know that wecan close the item in our support database, and will be able to concentrate on other programimprovements.14

If the problem was in the documentation, we will put it right as soon as possible (new pagesare usually issued with each scheduled release).

It may be that you are asking the program to do something it cannot do, and was not designedto do. In that case, we will offer any hints we can to work round the difficulty, and treat yourcall as an enhancement request. It will be entered in the bug/enhancement database, and maybecome part of a future version of the software, or indeed a new module in its own right.

We are sometimes asked for advice on modelling particular wells. Although we are happy todiscuss specific issues, you will appreciate that we do have to limit the time spent on lookingat data not in the context of a bug or enhancement.

We have a Support Database on our own network, and all calls received will be logged on this.This will ensure that your query, bug or suggestion will not go unrecorded. We review all entriesfor possible implementation in a forthcoming upgrade, and keep track of their status.

Windows, networks and peripherals: There is another possibility for your problem: it may becaused by the set up of Windows on your machine, or the type of network or peripheral you areusing. We regret that we cannot always undertake to fix these problems, although we will offeradvice where we can. Windows is a complete operating system, and it contains all the devicedrivers for screen, printers and networks, etc. FloSystem does not have control over these items,and EPS is not usually in a position to fix them. In principle, if Windows itself can output tocertain devices and communicate with a network, then FloSystem should be able to do so too.If the problem relates to the Windows' operating system on your machine, Microsoft can becontacted on their own technical help line.

Introduction to FloSystem

1. 5.

3.

EPS

Supp

ort

ContactsYou can always call our Head Office in Edinburgh for help or other enquiries. However, if youhave normally dealt with one of our branch offices, or one of our agents, we would prefer you to15

call there first, as you will receive a more local service, and your regular EPS contact will be keptfully aware of how you are finding the software.Web-sitehttp://www.e-petroleumservices.com

Head Office:Technical Support - FloSystemEPS LtdResearch ParkRiccartonEdinburgh EH14 4APUKTel: (+44) 131 449 4536 Fax: (+44) 131 449 5123e-mail: support@e-petroleumservices.com

Americas Office:EPS Americas, Inc.Tel: (+1) 281 599 1900 Fax: (+1) 281 599 1991e-mail: epsa.support@e-petroleumservices.com

China Office:EPS BeijingTel: (+86) 106 499 2942 Fax: (+86) 106 492 3567e-mail: asia.support@e-petroleumservices.com

Far East Office:EPS MalaysiaTel: (+603) 7805 4932 Fax: (+603) 7804 2053e-mail: asia.support@e-petroleumservices.com

Mexico Office:Edinburgh Petroleum Services de Mexico S.A. de C.V.Tel: (+52) 93 12 17 09 or (+52) 93 12 17 24 Fax: (+52) 93 12 17 27e-mail: epsa.support@e-petroleumservices.com

Venezuala Office:EPS VenezuelaTel: (+58) 2 977 3196 Fax: (+58) 2 977 3196e-mail: epsa.support@e-petroleumservices.com

Getting Started With FloSystem

Chap

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Chapter 2- Getting Started With FloSystem16

2.1. InstallationFloSystem is a 32-bit application for Windows 95, 98, 2000 and NT. It will not run underWindows 3.1 or 3.11.

If installing from floppy disk. After inserting the first FloSystem disk in your floppy drive, selectto run the SETUP.EXE file from this disk and follow the instructions.

If installing from the CD under NT, Windows 98 and 2000, the welcoming screen willautomatically open and you can continue through the installation options. If you have disabledthe auto-run feature on your system, or you are running Windows 95, 98 or 2000, you may openthis screen by running LAUNCH.EXE in the root directory of the CD.

Once the installation has commenced. you can observe the progress of your installation on thetwo background graphics on the screen.

Figure : 2.1.0 - 1 Installation Status Bars

The Installation Status Bars provide you with information relating to the processing of theinstallation in relation to the PC.

1.Percentage of space left on the drive that you want to install FloSystem onto.2.Percentage of main memory available. This is almost always 100%.3.Percentage of current installation copied from floppy.4.If the percentage of free space available drops below 10% (bar 1), the Low indicator lightsup.

Figure : 2.1.0 - 2 Copying Files Status Box

The Copying Files Status Box shows you the current progress of files copied from the floppydrive to the PC.

123

4

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 2.

Lic

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Acce

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Da

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You may also create additional shortcuts to the relevant *.EXE file (e.g. WellFlo, FieldFlo, etc.)by selecting this in Windows Explorer or My Computer and using the right mouse option forCreate Shortcut. After you have done this you may drag and drop the shortcut icon to yourWindows Desktop, or copy it to a place within your Start Menu.17

2.2. Licensing and Accessing Valve DataA number of combinations of gas-lift valve types and port sizes are available in WellFlo. Allusers have access by default to 12 combinations for generic (non-specific) 1.5" IPO, 1" IPO and1" PPO valves, with 5, 4 and 3 different port sizes respectively, plus the orifice valve with all portsizes. These require no licence and use public domain data and correlations.

The other listed combinations are for specific, commercially available, valves and use recentperformance data provided by the Valve Performance Clearing House, of which EPS is amember. New valves and port sizes will be added as the data is made available to EPS. Access toany of these particular valve types and port size combinations is by licence only, and is controlledby the program security system (FlexLM). When a valve type and port size is selected formodelling, the security system is interrogated and if the type and size is not licensed there is asimple error message issued from the Valve Details dialog.

Although use is limited by licence, a list of all currently available valves and port sizecombinations is maintained in the program under the Help page entitled Available Gas Valveand Port Size Combinations, which may be viewed by opening Help with the F1 key from thekeyboard, selecting the Search tab and typing in Gas Valves.

2.3. The RegistryThe Registry is a hierarchical database utilized by the 32-bit versions of Microsoft Windowsincluding Windows 95, 98, ME and NT/2000. It is used to store system settings and options andalso contains information and settings for all the hardware, software, users and preferences of thePC. When a user applies changes to Control Panel settings, File Associations, System Policies orinstalled software, these changes are reflected and stored in the Registry.

The Registry has replaced all of the .ini files that were present in Windows 3.x applications. Thedata from system.ini, win.ini, control.ini, etc. are now all contained within the Registry, alongwith hundreds of other system settings. All Windows-specific programs now store theirinitialization data within the Registry instead of within .ini files situated in the Windows folder.

The Registry cannot be viewed or edited with a normal editor - a Registry Editor programincluded with Windows must be used:

regedit for Windows 95/98/2000. regedit32 for Windows NT 4/5.To run this program, click on the Start icon at the lower left of the Windows screen display, thenselect Run to open a Run dialog box (see Figure 2.3.0 - 1, Windows Registry Run Dialog, onpage 18). Follow the instructions and type in regedit or regedit32 depending on your system. Theprogram can also be selected from the drop-down list on the right-hand side of the dialog inputfield. This procedure will start the Registry Editor and if required, this can be added to the StartMenu or to the Desktop for easier editing.

The Registry Editor is divided into two panes (see Figure 2.3.0 - 2, Windows Registry EditorDialog, on page 18). The left pane contains a hierarchical tree structure of keys (similar toWindows Explorer) and the right pane shows the string values for the currently selected branch.These string values contain the actual information stored in the Registry.

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 3.

The

Reg

istry18

Figure : 2.3.0 - 1 Windows Registry Run Dialog

Figure : 2.3.0 - 2 Windows Registry Editor Dialog

There are a number of main branches and each contains a specific portion of the informationstored in the Registry. For users of FloSystem, the most important branches are:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER - This branch links to a section of HKEY_USERS appropriatefor the user currently logged onto the system.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE - This branch contains computer-specific information aboutthe type of hardware, software and other preferences on a given machine; this information isused for everyone who logs onto the machine.

The FloSystem installation procedure automatically creates a sub-folder called flosys3x.iniwithin the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE branch of the Registry (see Figure 2.3.0 - 3, FlosystemHierarchy Within The Registry, on page 18). This sub-folder contains details of the FloSystemset-up, location of the executables, data file directories, units system locations, etc. The currentversion number is included in the sub-folder name, to avoid confusion with the settings fromearlier versions.

Figure : 2.3.0 - 3 Flosystem Hierarchy Within The Registry

Under normal operating circumstances, there will be no need to worry about the flosys3x.ini sub-folder, since its contents are not varied by running FloSystem.

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 3.

The

Reg

istry

Users may apply certain changes to their set-up that require changes to be applied in the Registrysub-folders for WellFlo and FieldFlo.

String values that may need to be updated manually in WellFlo are listed below (also refer to19

Figure 2.3.0 - 4, Registry Editor For String Values Under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, onpage 19):In the WellFlo sub-folder of the Registry under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:

units-dbase If users wish to move the installed units database files WFDBASE.UNT,WFHEADER.UNT and WFUNITS.UNT to a different directory.

esp-path If users wish to move the installed ESP data files ESPCABLE.DAT,ESPPUMP.DAT and ESPMOTOR.DAT to a different directory.

glv-path If users wish to move the installed gas-lift valve data file GASVALVE.DAT to adifferent directory..

Figure : 2.3.0 - 4 Registry Editor For String Values Under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

In the FieldFlo sub-folder of the Registry under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:

units-dbase If users wish to move the installed units database files FFDBASE.UNT,FFHEADER.UNT and FFUNITS.UNT to a different directory.

Warning: The Registry Editor should always be used with great care and there are threevery important points to remember:1) There is no undo option available in the Registry - if a key folder is deleted accidentally it

is permanently gone.

2) When the Registry is edited, all changes are saved instantly - there is no option to re-load the Registry if something has been done incorrectly.

3) Users will never know if they have done something wrong - there are no warning pop-updialogs to inform users of mistakes, errors, etc. The Registry Editor will allow users towipe everything clean without supplying a warning.

Windows 95, 98, 2000 and NT all have a simple Registry back-up mechanism that is quitereliable, but users should never rely on this alone. Always remember to make a back-up of theRegistry. The back-up and restore methods will vary depending on the version of Windows thatis being used - consult your Registry Editor Help menu for version-specific details of thesemethods.

For additional information relating to the Registry and the operations that can be performed in

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 3.

The

Reg

istry

the Registry Editor, users should also refer to:

The Registry Editor Help menu.20

The dedicated website guide for the Windows Registry accessed from the URLs http://registry.winguides.com/ or http://www.regedit.com/.

Viewing and Editing the RegistryThe following string value names may be viewed in the Registry Editor (refer to Figure 2.3.0 - 5,Registry Editor For String Values Under HKEY_CURRENT_USER, on page 21) and can bemodified by selecting the Configure Registry menu option in WellFlo and entering theappropriate information in the Edit User Registry dialog (See Section Configure Registry, onpage 62): units-dbase: This is the path to the directory of the units database containing the files

WFHEADER.DAT, WFDBASE.DAT and WFUNITS.DAT. esp-path: This is the path name for the ESP pump and motor database files ESPCABLE.DAT,

ESPPUMP.DAT and ESPMOTOR.DAT user: This specifies a directory path to which the WellFlo report and log files will be written.

If this value is empty, they are saved to the current data directory. browser:If this value is empty, Microsoft WordPad will be the default browser for the

WELLFLO.LOG, ANALYSYS.LOG and WELLFLO.RPT report files. Otherwise, specify the pathand executable for the desired browser* (e.g. c:\windows\winword.exe).

* Most editors or word processors capable of handling text files are suitable as browsers (e.g. Notepad, WordPad, Word, Excel, etc.). DOS or Windows applications can be used.

Additionally, users may select a specific browser for any one of, or all of the following report/logfiles. If these Value Names are empty, browser will be used:

report-browser: For the WellFlo report files (WELLFLO.RPT) wellflo-log-browser: For the WELLFLO.LOG files analysis-log-browser: For the ANALYSIS.LOG filesIn terms of graphical output, most plots are initially drawn with the points on all the data sets. Ifusers wish to change this default setting, the Value Data setting (i.e. 0 = no points plotted, 1 = allpoints plotted) can be altered for any or all of the five Value Names listed below: in-outflow-plot: For the Inflow/Outflow Curves Plot (See Section Inflow & Outflow

Plots, on page 236). pvd-plot: For the Pressure/Depth Plot and Gas Lift Diagnosis Plot (See Section Pressure -

Depth Plots, on page 240 and See Section Gas Lift Diagnosis Plot, on page 242). performance-plot: For the Performance Analysis Plot (See Section Performance Analysis

Plots, on page 239). esp-performance-plot: For the ESP Performance Plot (See Section ESP Performance

Plot, on page 450). esp-gas-plot: For the ESP Gassiness Plot (See Section ESP Gassiness Plot, on page 450).The default Value Data settings are 0 for pvd-plot and 1 for all the others.

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 3.

The

Reg

istry21

Figure : 2.3.0 - 5 Registry Editor For String Values Under HKEY_CURRENT_USER

Note: The string type REG_SZ from Figure 2.3.0 - 5, Registry Editor For String Values UnderHKEY_CURRENT_USER, on page 21, is a standard string, used to represent readable textvalues.An optional Windows macro, supplied as a text file - WELLFLO.TXT - is supplied with theinstallation disks, for use with the WellFlo report. Instructions on how to implement this areprovided at the end of this chapter (See Section 2. 5 Using the Word Macro for Reporting, onpage 23).Some browsers do not pick up textual files unless they have a recognised extension. To changethe default RPT and LOG extensions, select the following three Value Name entries within theWellFlo Configure Registry menu option (See Section Configure Registry, on page 62) andspecify appropriate extensions for text files (e.g. TXT, CSV, etc. without the dot): report-extension analysis-log-extension wellflo-log-extensionIf WellFlo is being used to import a large number of performance curves (e.g. for Well DataManager, FieldFlo, WellPCG, etc.), under some versions of Windows the Please Wait windowwhich is displayed, may be made the foreground window and tie-up the machine until theimportation process is completed. If this proves to be obstructive, the window can be suppressedby selecting the following Value Name entry within the WellFlo Configure Registry menu option(See Section Configure Registry, on page 62): please-wait (Value Data = 0 suppresses the window, Value Data = 1 displays the window in

the background)

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 4.

Set

ting

up F

ile As

soci

atio

n

The thermal conductivities may be changed from their default values by a maximum factor of 10,or in the case of insulation, by a factor of 100 (See Section Configure Registry, on page 62): therm-cond-cement: Thermal conductivity in oilfield units, default value is 9.65 d-ft-degF22

(users are allowed a range between 0.965 - 96.5 d-ft-degF). therm-cond-earth: Thermal conductivity in oilfield units, default 33.6 d-ft-degF - value is

for rock (users are allowed a range between 3.36 - 336 d-ft-degF). therm-cond-soil: Thermal conductivity in oilfield units, default 7.0 d-ft-degF (users are

allowed a range between 0.7 - 70 d-ft-degF). therm-cond-liquid: Thermal conductivity in oilfield units, default 9.192 d-ft-degF (users are

allowed a range between 0.9192 - 91.92 d-ft-degF). therm-cond-gas: Thermal conductivity in oilfield units, default 0.504 d-ft-degF (users are

alowed a range between 0.0504 - 5.04 d-ft-degF). therm-cond-steel: Thermal conductivity in oilfield units, default 480.0 d-ft-degF (users are

allowed a range between 48 - 4800 d-ft-degF). therm-cond-insulation: Thermal conductivity in oilfield units, default 1.0 d-ft-degF (users

are allowed a range between 0.01 - 100 d-ft-degF).The following entry sets the fractional difference below which a set of curves, resulting from asensitivity, will be plotted as one curve, applying to all values, rather than a number of slightlydifferent curves. It applies to the inflow/outflow curves and to the temperature (or whicheversecond collectable variable is selected) following a pressure drop calculation run: all-values-precision: Default value 1.35e-6 (users are allowed a range between 1.2e-007 to

0.004).For water-cuts above the following specified threshold, the ESP viscosity corrections will becomputed with the water viscosity (instead of with the averaged or emulsified liquid viscosities): viscosity-inversion-threshold: Water-cut in percent, default 100 (users are allowed a range

between 0 - 100%). For ESP pressure calculations, the number of stages per group is increased by 1 from one groupto the next (i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, ...), up to a maximum equal to one-tenth of the total. However, a lowermaximum can be used if specified by:

max-esp-substages: When the Value Data entry for this Value Name is blank, the defaultvalue is 10, so this will always apply when the number of stages exceeds 100 (See Section 19.4. 1 ESP Pressure Calculations, on page 441).

Note: Other Registry entries that may be customized are described in this manual within thecontext of their appropriate dialog setting (to find details on specific entries refer to theAlphabetic Index for this manual under Registry Entries).2.4. Setting up File AssociationA file association can be set up in Windows so that any .WFL file will automatically startWellFlo if it is selected in File Manager or Windows Explorer.

To set up a file association, users should consult their Windows manuals or use the Windows on-line help.

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 5.

Usi

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2.5. Using the Word Macro for ReportingThe text for a Windows Word macro is supplied with the installation disks in the file23

WELLFLO.TXT, for use with the main WellFlo report (it is not designed for other output files fromWellFlo).You can achieve the same result more easily from v3.5 onwards by using the RTF option (SeeSection 6. 2. 2 Configure Menu, on page 59). However, the following description of the Wordmacro may be useful if you want to design your own macro.

After installation of the formatting macro, whenever you click the Report button in the WellFloResults section, Word will be invoked automatically and the formatting macro invoked.

The report will then be correctly paginated, with aligned columns and bold sub-headings, etc.

To set this up you must:

1) Go to the Configure menu, Preferences option, and select Macro format in the Report formatarea (See Section 6. 2. 2 Configure Menu, on page 59). This is essential, as it inserts tabs intothe report for use by the macro.

2) Load Word and open the supplied text file, WELLFLO.TXT (with your current template beingNORMAL.DOT (or whichever is your default template) the macro will become part of thistemplate.) Proceed as follows:

Select the entire text of the macro (Edit Select All, Ctrl+click in the left-hand margin of theEdit screen, or drag the mouse over the whole screen) and then click Edit Copy (or keyboardCtrl+C) to copy the macro contents to the ClipBoard (the text file).

Call up Tools Macro and type in the macro name e.g. WellFloReportFormat into the MacroName edit box, and click the Create button. You will see a screen with the following textdisplayed:

Sub MAINEnd Sub

Select these contents with Ctrl+click in the left-hand margin of the Edit screen, and EditPaste (or Ctrl+V) the contents in from the ClipBoard.

Now File Exit, saying Yes to save the changes. You have now transferred the suppliedreporting macro into the NORMAL.DOT template.

The browser entry needs to be modified via the WellFlo Configure menu, Registry option byselecting report-browser as the value name and entering the path to the Word executable, andthe macro name, as follows (using the appropriate path name in the Value Data field):

report-browser = c:\windows\winword.exe /mWellFloReportFormatNote: The space between .exe and the forward slash, and the small m before the macro name.From now on, Word will be invoked automatically by WellFlo and the formatting macro used foryour report.

Note: When you have finished viewing, editing or printing your report, shut the current Wordsession down, do not just File Close the report or you will end up with multiple Word sessions asyou bring up successive reports.

Getting Started With FloSystem

2. 6.

Sta

rting

Fl

oSy

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2.6. Starting FloSystemBoth of the FloSystem programs can be started from the FloSystem group created by the24

installation procedure.

Once you have started a work session, find the FloSystem options on the Start Menu. You maynow select WellFlo, Well Data Manager or FieldFlo.

2. 6. 1. Starting WellFloTo start up WellFlo, simply click the WellFlo start menu option. WellFlo will run up and if youhave selected to do so, will load in the last well that you were working with. Now go to theWellFlo section of the manual to find out what to do next.

2. 6. 2. Starting Well Data ManagerTo start up Well Data Manager, simply click the Well Data Manager start menu option. Well DataManager will run up in conjunction with WellFlo and if you have selected to do so, will load inthe last set of data that you were working with. Now go to the Well Data Manager section of themanual to find out what to do next.

2. 6. 3. Starting FieldFloTo start up FieldFlo, simply click the FieldFlo start menu option. FieldFlo will run up and if youhave selected to do so, will load in the last field that you were working with. Now go to theFieldFlo section of the manual to find out what to do next.

2.7. Security ErrorsFloSystem uses the Globetrotter Inc. FlexLM licence Manager to handle its security, and thesecurity of the supplied valve licence data. Should a licence exception occur FlexLM willgenerate an error dialog box informing you of the problem.

Further details on FlexLM are given in the accompanying EPSFLEX.PDF manual, available onthe distribution CD.

For clients who have preferred to retain the previous FloSystem security options, e.g. dongles,then coverage of these issues are available in previous version issues of this manual.

On-Line Help

Cha

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Chapter 3- On-Line Help25

3.1. Using Help If there is something that you do not understand, there are three levels of Help with theFloSystem package. The most immediate is the on-line Help system, described here. The secondlevel is the user documentation, which you are now reading. The third level is to ask EPS, seeEPS Support.

3. 1. 1. FloSystem Help SystemThe FloSystem Help has help on all aspects of the FloSystem programs, from answering simplequeries on what each menu item means, to describing the procedures for performing such actionsas defining your own units system. The Help is an interactive document, featuring indices andsub-indices to browse through, technical term glossary, and cross-references from one topic toanother. It operates through the standard Windows 3 Help utility, so it will be familiar to userswho have requested help from similar Windows 3 applications. The WellFlo, Well Data Managerand FieldFlo programs have a Help option as the last item on their menu bars. With the exceptionof Well Data Manager, these produce pull-down menus containing the following options:

Figure : 3.1.1 - 1 Help Menu - FieldFlo

The WellFlo Help menu is identical, except that the About FieldFlo... option becomes AboutWellFlo... In Well Data Manager this option is simply labelled About... and is the only optionavailable.

IndexOn selecting this option, you will get a full list of all the help topics available for FloSystem. Thisanswers questions like "What can I get help on?"

KeyboardThis option will give you a list of the various key combinations that may be used in FloSystem.This answers questions like "What keys can I use to start up Gas Allocation?"

CommandsThis will give an explanation of all the menu selections that FloSystem offers. This answersquestions like "What does the menu option File/Page Setup do?"

On-Line Help

3. 1.

2.

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Se

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Hel

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ProceduresThis will give a list of various operations that can be performed using FloSystem, and how toachieve them. This answers questions like "How would I calculate a Skin Factor?"26

Screen RegionsThis option will list all the various regions on the screen and explain what they are used for. Thisanswers questions like "What is the Toolbox for?"GlossaryThis option will list all the technical terms used in FloSystem. This answers questions like "Whatdoes nodal analysis mean?"

Using HelpThis option will show you how to use the Help system. This answers questions like "How doesthe Help system work?"

About FieldFlo.../About WellFlo.../About...In each case, this option will display the copyright notice for the relevant FloSystem programs.

To find out more details on how the Help system works, either select the Using Help menu optionand find out from there, or see Microsoft Windows User Guide, Chapter 2, Basic Skills, UsingWindows Help section.

3. 1. 2. Context Sensitive HelpThe FloSystem programs feature context sensitive help, as well as the static menus describedabove (i.e. for WellFlo and FieldFlo options). The F1 key can be pressed in any dialog box ormessage box, to allow you to get a fuller explanation of the current dialog box. The F1 key canalso be used if you pull down a menu and highlight the menu option you want to find out about.

If the SHIFT key is held down and F1 is pressed, the mouse cursor turns into a query pointer likethis . The cursor can now be placed over the screen region you want to learn about, and theleft mouse button clicked. This will present you with a description of the region.

The Help system for Well Data Manager is accessed by typing F1, while operating in any of theData Manager dialog windows; however, the SHIFT + F1 feature is not available.

Using the FloSystem Interface

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