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Migration Manual

Release 14.5ANSYS, Inc.

October 2012Southpointe

275 Technology DriveCanonsburg, PA 15317 ANSYS, Inc. is

certified to ISO

9001:[email protected]

http://www.ansys.com

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Copyright and Trademark Information

© 2012 SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use, distribution or duplication is prohibited.

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THIS ANSYS SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION INCLUDE TRADE SECRETS AND ARE CONFID-

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and third-party software. If you are unable to access the Legal Notice, please contact ANSYS, Inc.

Published in the U.S.A.

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Table of Contents

Preface .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

1. The Contents of This Manual ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

2.The Contents of the FLUENT Manuals ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

3.Technical Support ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

1. Migrating to ANSYS FLUENT 14.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2. New Features in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33. Solution Changes in ANSYS FLUENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4. Text Command List and Settings Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

4.1. Modified Text Command Settings .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

4.2. New Text Command Settings .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

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Preface

This preface is divided into the following sections:

1.The Contents of This Manual

2.The Contents of the FLUENT Manuals

3.Technical Support

1.The Contents of This Manual

The ANSYS FLUENT Migration Manual highlights the changes between ANSYS FLUENT 14.0 and ANSYS

FLUENT 14.5. This document will include new features in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5, expected solution changes

after migrating from ANSYS FLUENT 14.0, and changes in text command settings.

2.The Contents of the FLUENT Manuals

The manuals listed below form the FLUENT product documentation set. They include descriptions of

the procedures, commands, and theoretical details needed to use FLUENT products.

• FLUENT Getting Started Guide contains general information about getting started with using FLUENTand provides details about starting, running, and exiting the program.

• FLUENT Migration Manual contains information about transitioning from the previous release of FLUENT

including details about new features, solution changes, and text command list changes.

• FLUENT User's Guide contains detailed information about running a simulation using the solution

mode of FLUENT, including information about the user interface, reading and writing files, defining

boundary conditions, setting up physical models, calculating a solution, and analyzing your results.

• ANSYS FLUENT Meshing User Guide contains detailed information about creating 3D meshes using

the meshing mode of FLUENT.

• FLUENT in Workbench User's Guide contains information about getting started with and using FLUENT

within the Workbench environment.

• FLUENT Theory Guide contains reference information for how the physical models are implemented in

FLUENT.

• FLUENT UDF Manual contains information about writing and using user-defined functions (UDFs).

• FLUENT Tutorial Guide contains a number of examples of various flow problems with detailed instructio

commentary, and postprocessing of results.

• ANSYS FLUENT Meshing Tutorials contains a number of examples of general mesh-generation techniqueused in ANSYS FLUENT Meshing.

• FLUENT Text Command List contains a brief description of each of the commands in FLUENT’s solution

mode text interface.

• ANSYS FLUENT Meshing Text Command List contains a brief description of each of the commands in

FLUENT’s meshing mode text interface.

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• FLUENT Adjoint Solver Module Manual contains information about the background and usage of FLUENT's

Adjoint Solver Module that allows you to obtain detailed sensitivity data for the performance of a fluid

system.

• FLUENT Battery Module Manual contains information about the background and usage of FLUENT's Battery

Module that allows you to analyze the behavior of electric batteries.

• FLUENT Continuous Fiber Module Manual contains information about the background and usage of FLUENT's

Continuous Fiber Module that allows you to analyze the behavior of fiber flow, fiber properties, andcoupling between fibers and the surrounding fluid due to the strong interaction that exists between the

fibers and the surrounding gas.

• FLUENT Fuel Cell Modules Manual contains information about the background and the usage of two

separate add-on fuel cell models for FLUENT that allow you to model polymer electrolyte membrane fuel

cells (PEMFC), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), and electrolysis with FLUENT.

• FLUENT Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Module Manual contains information about the background and

usage of FLUENT's Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Module that allows you to analyze the behavior of

electrically conducting fluid flow under the influence of constant (DC) or oscillating (AC) electromagnetic

fields.

• FLUENT Population Balance Module Manual contains information about the background and usage of

FLUENT's Population Balance Module that allows you to analyze multiphase flows involving size distributions

where particle population (as well as momentum, mass, and energy) require a balance equation.

• FLUENT as a Server User's Guide contains information about the usage of FLUENT as a Server which allows

you to connect to a FLUENT session and issue commands from a remote client application.

• Running FLUENT Under LSF contains information about using FLUENT with Platform Computing’s LSF

software, a distributed computing resource management tool.

• Running FLUENT Under PBS Professional contains information about using FLUENT with Altair PBS Profes-

sional, an open workload management tool for local and distributed environments.

• Running FLUENT Under SGE contains information about using FLUENT with Sun Grid Engine (SGE) software,

a distributed computing resource management tool.

3.Technical Support

If you encounter difficulties while using ANSYS FLUENT, please first refer to the section(s) of the

manual containing information on the commands you are trying to use or the type of problem you are

trying to solve. The product documentation is available from the online help, or from the ANSYS Cus-

tomer Portal (www.ansys.com/customerportal).

If you encounter an error, please write down the exact error message that appeared and note as muchinformation as you can about what you were doing in ANSYS FLUENT.

Technical Support for ANSYS, Inc. products is provided either by ANSYS, Inc. directly or by one of our

certified ANSYS Support Providers. Please check with the ANSYS Support Coordinator (ASC) at your

company to determine who provides support for your company, or go to www.ansys.com and select

About ANSYS> Contacts and Locations.

If your support is provided by ANSYS, Inc. directly, Technical Support can be accessed quickly and effi-

ciently from the ANSYS Customer Portal, which is available from the ANSYS Website ( www.ansys.com)

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under Support> Technical Support where the Customer Portal is located. The direct URL is: support.an-

sys.com.

One of the many useful features of the Customer Portal is the Knowledge Resources Search, which can

be found on the Home page of the Customer Portal.

Systems and installation Knowledge Resources are easily accessible via the Customer Portal by using

the following keywords in the search box: Systems/Installation. These Knowledge Resources

provide solutions and guidance on how to resolve installation and licensing issues quickly.

NORTH AMERICA

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Web: Go to the ANSYS Customer Portal (http://www.ansys.com/customerportal) and select the appropriat

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Support for University customers is provided only through the ANSYS Customer Portal.

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JAPAN

CFX , ICEM CFD and Mechanical Products

Telephone: +81-3-5324-8333

Fax: +81-3-5324-7308

Email:

CFX: [email protected];

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Preface





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BELGIUM

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Chapter 1: Migrating to ANSYS FLUENT 14.5

The purpose of the ANSYS FLUENT Migration Manual is to help you transition from ANSYS FLUENT 14.0to ANSYS FLUENT 14.5. Please read through the entire document to understand the changes that have

taken place. The information is enclosed in the following chapters:

• New Features in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5 (p. 3)

• Solution Changes in ANSYS FLUENT (p. 11)

• Text Command List and Settings Changes (p. 15)

Please visit the ANSYS Customer Portal (www.ansys.com/customerportal) to obtain a list of

Known Issues and Limitations. Click the Documentation link to access this document.

For a list of platform/OS levels that are supported in the current release, please visit the ANSYS website.

Please note that beta features have not been fully tested and validated. ANSYS, Inc. makes no commit-

ment to resolve defects reported against these prototype features. Changes in the solution behavior

are sometimes expected and are not captured in this document. However, if there are solution differences

between the Release 14.0 beta features and the Release 14.5 standard FLUENT features that concern

you, please contact technical support for assistance. Your feedback is appreciated and will help us improve

the overall quality of the product.



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Chapter 2: New Features in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5

New features available in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5 are listed below. Where appropriate references to therelevant section in the User's Guide are provided.

Integrated Meshing

• FLUENT now includes an integrated volume mesher that you can use to create high-quality unstructured

grids from within FLUENT in the meshing mode. See FLUENT Meshing Release Notes.

Solver-Numerics

• Simulations using the deforming mesh capability can be solved using second-order discretization in tim

• The Green-Gauss Node Based gradient method is now available with polyhedral meshes.

• The pressure-based solver can now be used for periodic flows with the mass flow rate specification

method.

• You can now define source terms and fixed variables using profiles or UDFs.

• Solution stabilization methods added to help achieve convergence for system coupling cases. (System

Coupling Motion)

Solver-Meshing

• A matching option is now available to enforce matching of mesh interfaces or periodic zones that are

poorly matched (Using a Non-Conformal Mesh in ANSYS FLUENT).

• Additional controls in the Mesh Method Settings dialog box and the Dynamic Mesh Zones dialog box

(for deforming motion) to enhance flexibility in applying spring-based smoothing on various element

types (e.g., tetrahedral, triangular) (see Smoothing Methods and Deforming Motion).

• You can now include cells in the poor mesh numerics that are not included automatically but neverthel

cause convergence problems or otherwise adversely effect the solution using the solve/set/poor-

mesh-numerics/user-defined-on-register text command (see Robustness on Meshes of Poo

Quality).

• You can now use the CutCell zone remeshing method to remesh a complete cell zone, including all

boundary zones of the remeshed cell zone (3D simulations only) (see CutCell Zone RemeshingMethod).

• The ability to detect if the computed mesh motion will result in contact with other surfaces in dynamic

mesh simulations and trigger associated user-defined actions (see Contact Detection Settings).

• A new option, Exclude Mesh Motion in Boundary Conditions, is available in the Dynamic Mesh

Zones dialog box for rigid body and user-defined zone types. This option allows you to specify that

the boundary mesh motion should not be included in the physical boundary conditions of that zone.

This option is only available for non-periodic boundary zones. (see Contact Detection Settings).


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Models

• Turbulence

– The default value for the turbulence intensity is set to 5% (medium intensity) and the turbulence viscosity

ratio has a default value of 10. (Determining Turbulence Parameters)

– The Scale-Adaptive Simulation (SAS) concept is now available with all omega-based turbulence models.

• Heat Transfer and Radiation

– Periodic boundary zones are now supported when using the ray tracing method to calculate view factors

with the surface-to-surface (S2S) radiation model.

– Improved ray-tracing method gives faster view factor calculation for large and complex cases.

– Improved encapsulation of coupled wall with S2S results in faster case file reads.

• Combustion and Species Transport

– Reacting flow variables have been included under the bounded second order time discretization option.

– The ability to generate lookup tables for the non-premixed and partially-premixed combustion

models using Automated Grid Refinement and second order interpolation, providing substantially

quicker run times. (Generating Lookup Tables Through Automated Grid Refinement in the Theory

Guide). You can revert to fourth order interpolation using the /define/models/species/non-

premixed-combustion-expert TUI command.

– The ability to model steady premixed flamelets in the partially premixed combustion model with

Flamelet Generated Manifolds. (Steady Premixed Flamelet Turbulent Closure in the Theory Guide)

– The ability to define multiple fuels for the NOx and SOx pollutant models. (Defining the Fuel Streams

and Defining the SOx Fuel Stream Settings)

– The ability to perform faster NOx tabulation with the premixed and partially premixed combustion

models.

• Discrete Phase Model

– Azimuthal angle properties have been added for cone and solid-cone injection types in 3D models.

– Cone angle can now be specified as a transient profile for cone and solid-cone injections.

– Several new parcel release methods are available when using unsteady particle tracking. These allow

you to specify the number of particles per parcel, the mass of the parcels, or the diameter of the parcels.

(Steady/Transient Treatment of Particles)

– Node based averaging is now available as a supported feature. (Node Based Averaging of Particle Data)

– You can now select whether to include virtual mass forces and pressure gradient effects in the particle

force balance. ( Including the Virtual Mass Force and Pressure Gradient Effects on Particles)

– The Lagrangian wall film model can now be used with wet combusting particles.

– Additional cell-averaged discrete phase quantities are available for postprocessing. ( Reporting of In-

terphase Exchange Terms (Discrete Phase Sources) and Reporting of Discrete Phase Variables)


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– You can now use the DEFINE_DPM_PROPERTY macro to create a User-Defined Function for particle

density. This capability is not available when using the Wet Combustion Model. (

DEFINE_DPM_PROPERTY ).

• VOF

– Hydrostatic pressure profiles can be specified for non-open channel flows.

– Variable surface tension capability can be modeled with the CSF model for any field variable.

– For cases involving moving meshes or moving reference frames (MRF), you can use the Relative Veloc

Resistance Formulation option to better predict porous media sources.

– You can now generate random/regular waves by wave superposition of linear/non-linear waves. (Supe

position of Waves)

– You can now generate shallow water waves with finite amplitude using the Solitary/Cnoidal wave the

(Cnoidal/Solitary Wave Theory)

• Eulerian Multiphase Model

– Drag models from Grace et al. and Tomiyama et al. have been implemented for Mixture and Eulerian

Multiphase flows. (Specifying the Drag Function)

– A drag modification factor can be applied when using the mixture and Eulerian multiphase models.

The drag modification factor applied can be based on the Brucato correlation, a user-defined

function, or a constant value. (Drag Modification)

– Additional lift models have been added for Eulerian Multiphase flows. Saffman-Mei and Legendre-

Magnaudet models have been introduced and the Moraga and Tomiyama models previously im-

plemented for boiling flows have been extended and are now available for non-boiling flows. (In-

cluding the Lift Force)

– Wall lubrication forces can now be included when using the Eulerian multiphase model. (Including

the Wall Lubrication Force)

– Additional models for turbulent dispersion have been added when using the Eulerian multiphase

model. Previously, turbulent dispersion was accessed as Turbulent Drift Force in the Viscous model

dialog box. Turbulent dispersion for the Eulerian model is now accessed from the Phase Interaction

Dialog Box. (Including the Turbulent Dispersion Force)

– When using the Mixture model, the Turbulent Drift Force option in the Viscous dialog has been rena

Mixture Drift Force.

– New models have been added to account for the influence of dispersed phases on the multiphase tu

bulence models. (Including Turbulence Interaction Source Terms).

– The Tomiyama model for interphase heat transfer has been added for the Eulerian multiphase model.

(Including Heat Transfer Effects)

– You can now select an algebraic model to compute interfacial area when using the Eulerian multipha

model. (Using an Algebraic Interfacial Area Model)

– A degassing boundary condition is now available when using the Eulerian multiphase model for two-

phase liquid-gas flow. This is applicable to bubble-columns where you want to model the escape of


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gas bubbles from the domain without modeling the complete freeboard region. (Degassing Boundary

Conditions).

– An additional method, dpm-averaged, is available for estimating Granular Temperature when using

the Dense Discrete Phase Model (DDPM). (Defining a Granular Secondary Phase)

• Eulerian Wall Film Model

– Options to enable adaptive time stepping for film marching. (Setting Eulerian Wall Film SolutionControls)

– Options to enable the inclusion of surface tension and random locations for film separation. (Setting

Eulerian Wall Film Model Options)

– Options to account for the effect of the interaction of the wall film with Eulerian multiphase flow.

(Setting Eulerian Wall Film Model Options)

– Options to account for the effect of condensation and vaporization at the film wall with species

transport. (Setting Eulerian Wall Film Model Options)

– Coupling of the Eulerian wall film model with the multiphase mixture model. (Setting Eulerian WallFilm Model Options)

Material Properties

• Option to select the vapor or liquid phase at sub-critical conditions while using real gas models. (Real Gas

Models)

• Compatibility of the real gas models with the partially premixed combustion model.

• You can now model compressible liquids using the Tait equation of state. (Compressible Liquid Density

Method)

Boundary Conditions

• The general non-reflecting boundary conditions (NRBC) are available for the pressure-based solver. (Gen-

eral Non-Reflecting Boundary Conditions)

• For cases involving moving meshes or moving reference frames (MRF), you can use the Relative Velocity

Resistance Formulation option to better predict porous media sources.

• Support for receiving temperature and heat flow data for wall boundaries via System Coupling. (Heat

Transfer Boundary Conditions Through System Coupling)

• Ability to define a convective augmentation factor for walls, in order to augment the diffusive heat

flux for applications that have perturbed flow and/or disturbed boundary layers. TUI only. (AugmentedHeat Transfer)

Mesh Morpher/Optimizer

• Ability to use a bounding box based on boundary zones to define the deformation region for the

mesh morpher/optimizer. (Setting Up the Mesh Morpher/Optimizer)

• Ability to use input parameters to define deformation parameters for the mesh morpher/optimizer,

so that you can use Design Exploration in ANSYS Workbench to easily explore multiple deformation

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• Performance has been improved for cases with larger numbers of control points, such that the time

required to deform the mesh is reduced.

• Ability to save intermediate case and data files during an optimization run, so that you can restart

an interrupted solution in the same or a different FLUENT session without increasing the overall

number of design iterations needed to reach convergence. (Setting Up the Mesh Morpher/Optimizer)

• Ability to read and write ASCII text files that define the scaling factor settings for deformation para-

meters. (Setting Up the Mesh Morpher/Optimizer)

• Ability to reject meshes of poor orthogonal quality during the optimization process. (Setting Up the

Mesh Morpher/Optimizer)

• Ability to disable a general mesh check that rejects meshes that produce errors during the optimization

process. (Setting Up the Mesh Morpher/Optimizer)

Parallel Processing

• Enhanced performance for reading and writing mesh-to-mesh solution interpolation files. (Mesh-to-Mesh

Solution Interpolation)

• Reduced case file reading time.

• Ability to enable hybrid optimization partitioning method for DPM and DEM. (Partitioning)

• View factor computations can be accelerated using the viewfac_acc and the raytracing_acc uti

ities. (Accelerating View Factor Calculations for General Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Unit

(GPGPUs))

• Hybrid parallelization of DEM method leading to improved scalability.

• Dynamic spawning of the right number of solver processes when switching from the meshing to the

solution modes.

• Improved AMG coarsening for better convergence in parallel.

User-Defined Functions (UDFs) and User-Defined Scalars (UDSs)

• UDFs can be compiled in ANSYS FLUENT with OpenCL support for execution on General Purpose Graph

Processing Units (GPGPUs) on lnamd64 and win64 platforms. (Enabling FLUENT UDFs to Execute on Gen

eral Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs))

Graphics, Postprocessing, and Reporting

• Additional cell-averaged discrete phase quantities are available for postprocessing. (Reporting of Interph

Exchange Terms (Discrete Phase Sources) and Reporting of Discrete Phase Variables)

• Phase-specific mass and volume flow rates are now available as Surface Monitors and Surface Integral

Reports when using the Eulerian or Mixture multiphase models. (Overview of Defining Surface Monitors

and Surface Integration)

• A new Volume Integral report type is available that allows reporting and monitoring of the total mass o

a given phase within a fluid zone. (Volume Integration and Monitoring Volume Integrals)


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• When using monitors (volume, surface, force, or moment), the monitor definitions will be updated accord-

ingly to reflect zone changes caused by merging or splitting operations which could effect zones on the

monitor list.

• When using the non-equilibrium model as part of a porous media simulation, you can display the energy

source due to the temperature difference between the fluid and solid zones. ( Non-Equilibrium Thermal

Model)

• A new display option is available to display the ANSYS logo as white (default) or black if it’s being displayedin the graphics window.

User Interface

• A convergence manager has been implemented that allows you to set solution convergence conditions

that are based on values of surface, volume, lift, drag, or moment monitors. (Convergence Manager)

• FLUENT as a Server capability is now available as a full feature. This allows you to connect and provide

interactive commands to a running ANSYS FLUENT session from the FLUENT Remote Console or a custom-

ized C/C++ client application. (FLUENT as a Server User's Guide)

• You can start ANSYS FLUENT in meshing mode (rather than the default solution mode) by selecting theMeshing Mode check box (available only for 3D simulations) in the FLUENT Launcher (Starting ANSYS

FLUENT). This option is not available with FLUENT under Workbench.

Workbench

• Two-way coupling between FLUENT and Ansoft. (Performing FLUENT and Ansoft Coupling in Workbench)

• Surface losses can now be mapped, along with volumetric losses, when coupling FLUENT and Ansoft.

(Performing FLUENT and Ansoft Coupling in Workbench)

• Ability to graphically monitor FLUENT solution residuals in Workbench. (Monitoring FLUENT Solutions in

Workbench )

• Performance enhancements to the Parametric Analysis in ANSYS Workbench Using ANSYS FLUENT tutorial.

(Parametric Analysis in ANSYS Workbench Using ANSYS FLUENT)

• You can register or unregister a customized Scheme file through your FLUENT setup using the context

menu for the FLUENT Setup cell. (Registering and Unregistering Startup Scheme Files)

• A new FLUENT Meshing component system is available, allowing you to use FLUENT in meshing mode

while in Workbench. (Getting Started With FLUENT Meshing in Workbench)

• The Import Initial Data context menu option for a FLUENT-based system’s Solution cell has been replaced

by the Use Solution Data From File option under Initialization Method in the Properties view for the

Solution cell. (Specifying FLUENT Launcher Settings Using Cell Properties and Using the Update Command)

Add-Ons

• Adjoint Solver

– Rotational periodic boundaries are now supported in the adjoint solver.

– Additional observable types and operation types available with an enhanced graphical user interface.

(Defining Observables)



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– Additional postprocessing variables are available: sensitivity to viscosity, normal shape sensitivity,

normal optimal displacement, and optimal displacement (Field Data), as well as the ability to export

optimal surface displacements to a file. (Shape Modification)

– Enhancements to the adjoint solver tutorial that include the new observable types. ( Tutorial: 2D

Laminar Flow Past a Cylinder)

• Battery Model

– You can modify the batt_user.c file to modify temperature-dependent corrections to U and Y. (Us

Accessible Functions)


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Chapter 3: Solution Changes in ANSYS FLUENT

The sections in this chapter contain a comprehensive list of the code changes implemented in ANSYSFLUENT 14.5 which may affect the ANSYS FLUENT 14.0 solutions.

Please note that text that is in bold font represents key words that may facilitate your search for the

changes in code behavior.

Solver-Numerics

• The algorithm for enforcing a specified mass flow at periodic boundary conditions has been changed.

This eliminates a dependency on flow domain scale which could previously cause convergence difficulti

As a result, the convergence rate and the path to convergence for existing cases may differ from those

in previous releases. For most cases, the new formulation will give faster and more stable convergence.

In some cases, the residuals may fluctuate in an approximately cycloidal manner as they converge. Thisis expected behavior. If the new formulation results in slower convergence, it is recommended to change

to the pressure based coupled solver or adjust the relaxation factor for the periodic mass flow (in the

Periodic Conditions Dialog Box). In most cases, the coupled solver will give faster convergence.

• Accuracy has been improved when computing node based gradients for cells with faces on a mesh inte

This change improves solution convergence for both the density-based and pressure-based solvers whe

using node based gradients with mesh interfaces. Solution quality across mesh interfaces will improve

compared to previous releases when using unstructured grids.

Solver-Meshing

• The local remeshing algorithm in the dynamic mesh model has been improved to better preserve spatiaresolution during remeshing. As a result, solutions for mesh-dependent cases may differ from those in

previous releases.

• Improvements have been made to the polyhedra conversion algorithm which may result in a slightly dif

ferent polyhedral mesh. As a result, solutions for mesh-dependent cases may differ from those in previou

releases.

• An option to Exclude Mesh Motion in Boundary Conditions has been added when using moving dy-

namic cell zones. Since release 14.0, walls adjacent to moving cell zones will automatically be made

moving walls and do not need to be declared as dynamic zones. When enabled for a wall, the Exclude

Mesh Motion in Boundary Conditions option treats the wall in the way release 13.0 and earlier did,

preventing that wall from automatically inheriting motion properties from an adjacent cell zone (see RigBody Motion).

It is important that users familiar with older versions of FLUENT understand these changes and review

the dynamic mesh setup if an older case file is read into FLUENT 14.5. For cases where a wall moves

as part of a moving dynamic cell zone, it may be necessary to make changes to the setup when an

older case file is read into FLUENT 14.5. An exception to this are cases which use the FLUENT built-

in in-cylinder model. In-cylinder cases set up prior to 14.5 do not require to be changed when run

FLUENT 14.5. However, in-cylinder cases set up new in FLUENT 14.5 will need to be set up according

to the new dynamic mesh guidelines.

1Release 14.5 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential informationof ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.

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Turbulence

• The compressibility modification in the k—ε models (see Effects of Compressibility on Turbulence in

the k- ε Models) is used with the real-gas models. It can be switched off by typing the following

commands in the text interface:

(rpsetvar 'real-gas-compressible-turbulence? #f)

(models-changed)

• A bug in the scale-adaptive simulation (SAS) turbulence model in FLUENT 13 (all Service Packs) and FLUENT

14.0 has been fixed in FLUENT 14.5. This bug caused artificially low eddy viscosity values on non-ortho-

gonal meshes leading to flow predictions that could differ slightly or significantly from reality.

• The default turbulence boundary conditions have been changed. The new defaults are Turbulent Intens-

ity=5% and Eddy Viscosity Ratio=10. Results may differ for cases which do not explicitly set turbulence

boundary conditions.

• The vortex method was adjusted so that identical results (identical synthetic fluctuations) can be obtained

in serial and parallel FLUENT.

• When using the SAS/DES models, the procedure used to reduce the modeled turbulence directly behinda synthetic turbulence generator at a RANS/LES interface has been changed from WALE to WMLES. This

change can be reverted with the following command in the text interface:

(rpsetvar 'synthetic-turb/sas-des/adjust-mu_t/sgs-model 1)

Heat Transfer

• Improvements have been made to the clustering algorithm in order to avoid the formation of hot-spots.

This applies only to the cluster-to-cluster approach. Surface clusters created using the face-to-face approach

are unaffected. R14 behavior can be reproduced by using the following command in the text interface:

(rpsetvar 's2s/c2c-cluster-algo 0)

Reacting Flow

• Changes to the G-Equation combustion model have improved the accuracy of the flame front tracking,

particularly at low CFL numbers.

• Multiple fuels for pollutant models can be defined. The functionality of the Fuel NOx and SOx models with

liquid and solid fuels has been extended; several restrictions concerning the fuel N and S sources have

been removed. As a result the Fuel NOx model and the SOx model setup has changed. Previous version

cases with multiple fuels need to be set up according to the new functionality and rerun (see Defining

the Fuel Streams and Defining the Fuel Streams).

• When a PDF file created in Release 14.0 or earlier is read into FLUENT 14.5 the interpolation algorithm is

automatically reverted to fourth order interpolation to match Release 14.0 behavior. You can switch to

second order interpolation using the define/models/species/non-premixed-combustion-expert TUI command

which is significantly faster than fourth order interpolation, but not as robust to converge. Hence, it is

recommended that you also regenerate the PDF table with Automated Grid Refinement enabled which

will yield both a more accurate solution and faster computations.

• There have been changes to the EGR reset functionality. In FLUENT 14.0, the Inert composition for EGR

Reset is determined by the species at specified pressure outlet boundaries. This has several limitations,

including the inability to handle equivalence ratio fluctuations (that is, only a single inert composition is


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modeled), temperature jump on EGR Reset (due to cp changes from different species), and inaccuracies

if the burnt species in the domain differ from the burnt species at the specified EGR outlets. In FLUENT

14.5, instead of specifying outlet zones for EGR composition in the Dynamic Mesh Events dialog box,

fluid zones are specified. The Inert composition for EGR reset is calculated as the stoichiometric compos

Lean regions are set to a mixture of oxidizer and inert, and rich regions are set to a mixture of fuel and

inert. Temperature is unchanged in the EGR reset. This is more accurate than the FLUENT 14.0 approach

(see Resetting Inert EGR).

Eulerian Multiphase Models

• In releases prior to FLUENT 14.5, turbulence interaction source terms were included by default when usi

the dispersed turbulence model in an Eulerian mutliphase simulation. In FLUENT 14.5, no turbulence in-

teraction terms are included by default. A version of the previous turbulence interaction model can be

included by selecting the simonin-et-al model (Including Turbulence Interaction Source Terms in the

FLUENT User's Guide). There is no need to explicitly enable the model if case files from previous versions

are read into FLUENT 14.5. However, the model has been enhanced so results may differ slightly from

previous releases.

• The particle relaxation time has been changed to account for the indirect effect of the virtual mass via

the density ratio. This may result in slightly different results in cases where the density of the primary

phase approaches that of the secondary phase.

FLUENT in Workbench

• In order to address certain parametric study limitations involving Cutcell meshes generated for multi-bo

parts in Workbench, a Cutcell mesh will now resemble the mesh topology of other mesh formats once it

is imported into FLUENT.

• The following behavior changes exist for initializing the solution under Workbench when compared with

FLUENT 14.0.

– Initial Data File: a data file provided either by you using the Use Solution Data from File initializatio

method, or by an upstream FLUENT solution cell.

– Existing Solution Data: solution data from the last simulation.

FLUENT 14.5FLUENT 14.0

Initialize all design point solutions us-

ing only the Initial Data File option.

Initialize the solution for the first design point (DP)

using the Initial Data File option, however, use

the solution for the first design point to initialize

the remaining design points.

If the Initial Data File and the Existing

Solution Data both exist, then use Initial

Data File to initialize the solution.

If the Initial Data File and the Existing Solution

Data both exist, then use Existing Solution Data

to initialize the solution.

If the data file is not compatible with the available mesh, then FLUENT's default solution initialization

method is used.

Graphics, Reporting, and Postprocessing

• Volume integrals using Sum in axi-symmetric simulations do not include multiplication by 2π. This is a

change from previous behavior. A new Volume integral, Sum2Pi (twoPiSum in the TUI), is available which

includes the factor of 2π.


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• The Display Mesh After Reading option in FLUENT Launcher is no longer enabled by default. Once you

enable it, your selection will be saved for future sessions.

Input/Output

• FLUENT data file format for species data has been modified. Species data was formerly written out as a

series of individual blocks of data — one for each specie. This data is now written out as one contiguous

block of data. Essentially, the blocks of species data are now concatenated into a single block.

For example, in R14 the species data for a problem containing 3 species would have appeared in the

data file as follows:

(0 "SV_Y_0, domain 1, cell zone 9 1600 cells:")

(2300 (200 9 1 0 1 1 1600)

(....................))


(2300 (201 9 1 0 1 1 1600)

(....................))


(2300 (202 9 1 0 1 1 1600)

(....................))

In R14.5, the same data appears as:

(0 "SV_Y, domain 1, cell zone 9 1600 cells:")

(2300 (200 9 3 0 1 1 1600)

(...............................................................))

Note the change in the header section from (200 9 1 0 1 1 1600) to (200 9 3 0 1 1

1600), 3 being the number of species in this example.

• If you want to post-process Total Pressure, Total Temperature, or Total Enthalpy in CFD-Post you must

now explicitly include them in the FLUENT data file. CFD-Post will no longer calculate these total quantities

if they are not included in the data file. Refer to Setting Data File Quantities in the FLUENT User's Guide

for details about how to include these quantities in the data file.


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Chapter 4:Text Command List and Settings Changes

Changes to the text command settings are listed in the tables in Modified Text Command Settings (p. 15)and New Text Command Settings (p. 18). Each table will list the changes to each of the text command

menus. Please note that the modified setting can either be a changed setting or a deleted setting, while

a new setting is one that did not exist in previous versions of FLUENT.

4.1. Modified Text Command Settings

Changes to the text command settings are listed in the following tables:

• Table 4.1: Modified Text Commands/Settings for the define/ Menu (p. 15)

• Table 4.2: Modified Text Command Settings for the file/ Menu (p. 18)

Table 4.1: Modified Text Commands/Settings for the define/ Menu

Modified Command or SettingFLUENT 14.0 TUI Menu Command

Additional input prompts when specifying fixed

values

define/boundary-conditions/fluid

New input prompts added for Convective Aug-

mentation Factor for Thermal BC’s

define/boundary-conditions/wall

define/dynamic-mesh/controls/

smoothing-parameters/

spring-on-all-elements?



spring-on-all-shapes?



spring-on-all-shapes?

has been aliased and will continue to work



spring-on-simplex-elements?



spring-on-deformable-shapes?


smoothing-parameters/spring-on-deformable-shapes?

has been aliased and will continue to work

Deleted. The

must-improve-skewness?


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New prompt added:

Enable Contact Detection?

define/dynamic-mesh/dynamic-mesh?

New prompts/options for System Coupling dy-

namic zones, spring-based smoothing, Cut-Cell

zones, and boundary motion.

define/dynamic-mesh/zones/create

New prompt for azimuthal angles when creating

cone or solid-cone injection types.

New prompt for cone and atomizer injection

types in transient cases with cone/spray

angle profiles defined.

define/injections/create-injection

New prompt for parcel release method when

unsteady particle tracking is enabled.

New prompt for azimuthal angles when modify-

ing cone or solid-cone injection types.

New prompt for cone and atomizer injection

types in transient cases with cone/spray

angle profiles defined.

define/injections/

set-injection-properties

New prompt for parcel release method when

unsteady particle tracking is enabled.

Additional entry user-defined for density of

particle materials.

Additional entry user-defined for Cp of

droplet and inert particle materials.

define/mesh-interfaces/create

New prompt added:

matching interface?

define/mesh-interfaces/create

New prompt added:

matching interface?

define/mesh-interfaces/make-periodic

The input for Enter Fuel Stream Data

for stream for Fuel NOx liquid and solid fuel

types changed.

New prompt is to Select Liquid (or

Solid) Fuel Sources from

define/models/nox-parameters/

nox-chemistry

The input for Enter Fuel Stream Data

for stream for liquid and solid fuel types

changed.

New prompt is to Select Liquid (or

Solid) Fuel Sources from

define/models/sox-parameters/

sox-chemistry


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New prompts for steady premixed flamelet.

Added option for Steady Premixed flamelet

generation/import and Steady Premixed

Flamelet PDF file creation.

define/models/species/

partially-premixed-combustion?

New prompt for second order interpolation of

PDF tables.


partially-premixed-combustion-expert

New prompts for steady premixed flamelet.

Added option for Steady Premixed flamelet

selection of Algebraic or Transport Equation


partially-premixed-combustion-parameters

for reaction progress variance; and also se-

lection of the turbulence-chemistry interac-

tion parameters (Finite-Rate or Turbulent-

Flame-Speed or Finite-Rate/Turbulent-Flame-

Speed).

Enable dispersion force in mo-mentum?

and

define/models/viscous/multiphase-turbulence/

multiphase-options

Enable interphase turbulence

source?

prompts are removed when using Eulerian

model. This functionality is now accessed

through the Turbulent Dispersion

prompt of the

define/phases/interaction-domain

command.

Available methods for Drag changed. boiling-

ishii replaced by ishii.

Available methods for Lift changed. boil-

ing-moraga replaced by moraga. boil-

define/phases/interaction-domain

ing-tomiyama-et-al replaced by tom-

iyama. New methods added.

New prompts and methods added for DragModification, Wall Lubrication, Turbulent

Dispersion, Turbulence Interaction, Heat

Transfer Coefficient, and Interfacial Area.


Modified Text Command Setting

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New method added for Granular Temperature

when using DDPM:

dpm-averaged

define/phases/phase-domain

Table 4.2: Modified Text Command Settings for the file/ Menu


New prompt:

Write binary file?

file/interpolate/write-data

Table 4.3: Modified Text Command Settings for the report/ Menu


New prompt to specify phase to report on when

using multiphase models.report/surface-integrals/

mass-flow-rate

New prompt to specify phase to report on when

using multiphase models.

report/surface-integrals/

volume-flow-rate

Table 4.4: Modified Text Command Settings for the solve/ Menu


Additional argument added if data is presentsolve/mesh-motion

“Mass Flow Rate” and “Volume Flow Rate” monit-

or types will now prompt for phase when usingthe multiphase model.

solve/monitors/surface/set-monitor

"Mass” monitor type added. Will prompt for

phase when using the multiphase model.

“Volume” monitor type will now prompt for

phase when using the multiphase model.

solve/monitors/volume/set-monitor

solve/set/poor-mesh-numerics/

enable?

solve/set/poor-mesh-numerics

solve/set/poor-mesh-numerics

/cell-quality-based?

solve/set/

poor-mesh-numerics-quality-based?

4.2. New Text Command Settings

Text command settings that are new to FLUENT 14.5 are listed in the following tables:

• Table 4.5: New Text Command Settings for the define/ Menu (p. 19)

• Table 4.6: New Text Command Settings for the display/ Menu (p. 20)



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• Table 4.7: New Text Command Settings for the report/ Menu (p. 20)

• Table 4.8: New Text Command Settings for the solve/ Menu (p. 20)

Table 4.5: New Text Command Settings for the define/ Menu

FLUENT 14.5 TUI Menu Command

define/boundary-conditions/degassing

define/dynamic-mesh/controls/contact-parameters

define/dynamic-mesh/controls/contact-parameters/contact-threshold

define/dynamic-mesh/controls/contact-parameters/contact-udf

define/dynamic-mesh/controls/contact-parameters/contact-zones

define/dynamic-mesh/controls/contact-parameters/flow-control?

define/dynamic-mesh/controls/contact-parameters/flow-control-parameters

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/deformation-settings/

read-scaling-factors-from-file

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/deformation-settings/

write-scaling-factors-to-file

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/optimizer-parameters/disable-mesh-check

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/optimizer-parameters/mesh-quality-check

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/optimizer-parameters/save-case-data-files

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/region/define-bounding-box

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/region/scaling-enlarge

define/mesh-morpher-optimizer/region/scaling-reduce

define/models/dpm/fill-injection-material-sources

define/models/dpm/numerics/average-DDPM-variables?

define/models/dpm/numerics/average-each-step?

define/models/dpm/numerics/average-kernel

define/models/dpm/numerics/average-source-terms?


New Text Command Setting

7/16/2019 flu_mig



define/models/dpm/numerics/enable-node-based-averaging?

define/models/dpm/numerics/gaussian-factor

define/models/dpm/numerics/minimum-liquid-fraction

define/models/dpm/options/enable-contour-plots

define/models/dpm/options/pressure-gradient-force

define/models/dpm/options/stagger-radius

define/models/dpm/options/uniform-mass-distribution-for-injections?

define/models/dpm/options/virtual-mass-force

define/models/dpm/spray-model/droplet-coalescence?

define/models/viscous/turbulence-expert/kw-add-sas?

define/operating-conditions/set-phase

Table 4.6: New Text Command Settings for the display/ Menu


display/set/rendering-options/hidden-line-method

display/set/rendering-options/hidden-line-method/normal-hlr-algorithm

display/set/rendering-options/hidden-line-method/mesh-display-hlr?

display/set/windows/logo-color

Table 4.7: New Text Command Settings for the report/ Menu


report/volume-integrals/mass

Table 4.8: New Text Command Settings for the solve/ Menu


solve/monitors/convergence/

solve/monitors/convergence/add-edit



7/16/2019 flu_mig



solve/monitors/convergence/condition

solve/monitors/convergence/delete

solve/monitors/convergence/frequency

solve/monitors/convergence/list

solve/set/poor-mesh-numerics/user-defined-on-register


New Text Command Setting

7/16/2019 flu_mig


Date post:	30-Oct-2015
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