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Fluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and Equipments

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Fluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and Equipments. - Ten independent controlled variable air volume hoods and four working benches. - Gas pipe distribution system for fluorine, carbon-monoxide, carbon-dioxide, methane, oxygen, helium, nitrogen and tetrafluoroethylene. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Fluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and Equipments Fluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and Equipments - Ten independent controlled variable air volume hoods and four working benches. - Gas pipe distribution system for fluorine, carbon- monoxide, carbon-dioxide, methane, oxygen, helium, nitrogen and tetrafluoroethylene. -External safety hooded cabinet tailored to contain a fluorine cylinder controlled by fluorine detector, automatic main shut-down valve and carbon filtering equipment to eliminate fluorine from the exhaust. -Twin coaxial continuous tubing gas distribution system for fluorine gas, outfitted with nitrogen cleaning gap flow and fluorine detectors connected to the safety main shoot-down valve. -Three hoods organized for a micro-plant flow system operating at atmospheric pressure, set with safety fluorine detector connected to the safety shoot down valve. -Two hoods equipped with fluorine vacuum-line apparatus and detectors connected to the main shoot-down valve. Laboratory working surface 75 m 2 . - An historically unique “Giulio Natta” dry box.
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Page 1: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Fluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and EquipmentsFluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and Equipments

- Ten independent controlled variable air volume hoods and four working benches.

- Gas pipe distribution system for fluorine, carbon-monoxide, carbon-dioxide, methane, oxygen, helium, nitrogen and tetrafluoroethylene.

-External safety hooded cabinet tailored to contain a fluorine cylinder controlled by fluorine detector, automatic main shut-down valve and carbon filtering equipment to eliminate fluorine from the exhaust.

-Twin coaxial continuous tubing gas distribution system for fluorine gas, outfitted with nitrogen cleaning gap flow and fluorine detectors connected to the safety main shoot-down valve.

-Three hoods organized for a micro-plant flow system operating at atmospheric pressure, set with safety fluorine detector connected to the safety shoot down valve.

-Two hoods equipped with fluorine vacuum-line apparatus and detectors connected to the main shoot-down valve.

Laboratory working surface 75 m2.

- An historically unique “Giulio Natta” dry box.

Page 2: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Perfluoroalkylation of Polymeric Substrates

Fluorinated Materials(different properties, if compared to the

corresponding non-fluorinated compounds)

- Low surface energy

- Excellent chemical stability

- Excellent thermal stability

- Low refractive index

- Low dielectric constant

Bulk Materials

Fluorinated MaterialVery expensive solution

Surface Treatments

Material coated by Fluorinated LayersCheaper solution

Hydrocarbon Material

Page 3: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Structural Studies of Pefluoroalkyl Radicals

C. Corvaja, A. Famulari, L. Franco, M. Galimberti, P. Metrangolo, W. Navarrini, G. Resnati, M. Sansotera, Chem. Today, 2006, 24, 3, 17-22.

Electron ParamagneticResonance

Hyperfine Coupling Constants (Gauss)

87,8; 11,4

70,2; 19,7

86,4; 16,5; 3,3

70,8 ; 17,1

25°

46°

Quantum Mechanical CalculationsGAMESS-US program with the 6-311G** basis set

at DFT-B3LYP level (Distortion from Planarity)

23°

Page 4: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

Perfluorodiacil Perossidi

Decomposizione termica

CO2OO

O

OR

RO

OO

OR

R

2 2.RF F

F +F

F

Rottura omolitica simultanea di tre legami: due C-C e uno O-O

RO O

RO

ORH

CO2

RHR

O

O

.

+ +

.RF

F

F

F

F

A

B

F

• Sono una sorgente di perfluoroalchil radicali per l’introduzione di gruppi perfluoroalchilici (RF) nelle molecole organiche

• I radicali reagiscono con gli anelli aromatici tramite “SET” (Single Electron Transfer)

Perfluoroalchilazione di Substrati Aromatici

RO

O

RHR

R

O

O H+ + +

FF

F

F

G. Resnati, I. Wlassics, M. Sansotera, P.Metrangolo, W. Navarrini, Chemistry Today, vol. 25, nr. 3, 23-25, (2007).

Page 5: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Perfluoroalkylation of Carbonaceous Materials

Decomposition mechanism of Z-FOMBLIN PEROXIDES---OCF2CF2OCF2CF2O-OCF2CF2OCF2CF2O--- ---OCF2CF2OCF2CF2OCF2CF2OCF2CF2O---

heat or

UV light---OCF2CF2OCF2CF2OCF2CF2O---

---OCF2CF2CF2CF2O---

---OCF2CF2CF2O---COF2

---OCF2CF2OCF2O-OCF2OCF2CF2O--- ---OCF2OCF2OCF2OCF2O---heat or

UV light---OCF2OCF2OCF2O---

---OCF2CF2O---

COF2

Synthesis of Z-FOMBLIN PEROXIDESOxidative Photopolymerization

CF2=CF2 + O2 AO(CF2CF2O)p(CF2CF2OO)q(CF2OO)r(CF2O)sBUV light< -60 °C

A, B = CF3, COF, CF2COF

D. Sianesi, G. Marchionni, R.J. De Pasquale, “ Perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) from Perfluoroolefin Photooxidation” in Organofluorine Chemistry Principles and Commercial Applications, Ed. R. E. Banks, B .E. Smart, J.C. Tatlow, Plenum Press, 1994

Page 6: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Perfluoroalkylation of Polymeric Substrates

OO

O

OR

R Solvent

OH

O

RCO2

X

n

H

X

n

R+ ++FF

F F

PeroxideSurface Energy

(mN/m)PS PET

- 30 32Perfluorodipropionyl

Peroxide18 17

Perfluorodi-iso-butyrylPeroxide

21 17

Perfluorodi-n-butyrylPeroxide

20 31

Contact AngleXPS

Page 7: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

Perfluoroalchilazione del carbone

OO

O

OR

RO

HO

RCO2

n

n

R +++FF

FF

Solvente

n

n

CF2OO O CF2 COF2H OO CF2CF2CF2CF2 O +++n n 2n

RF RF

RFRFSolvente

O

OH C

OH

C

O

O

COO

C

O

O

C

C

O

O

O

C

O

OH

C

CO

O

O

C

O

O

O

COOC C C

O O

• I perossidi organici fluorurati sono fonti di radicali liberi perfluorurati.

• I radicali perfluorurati sono un utile strumento per la funzionalizzazione di substrati aromatici.

• Il carbon black presenta una struttura aromatica policiclica con numerosi gruppi funzionali legati all’estremità della struttura.

I perossidi fluorurati possono essere utilizzati per la funzionalizzazione del carbone.

W. Navarrini, M. Sansotera, P. Metrangolo, P. Cavallotti, G. Resnati WO 2009/019243 A1.

Page 8: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

Work UpL’estrattore Soxhlet è formato da tre componenti sovrapposti:

Condensatore collegato a criostato (fluido refrigerante: alcol denaturato).

Pallone immerso in un bagno termostatico con T regolata in funzione della Teb del solvente.

Estrattore Sifone per lo scarico dell’estratto liquido. By-Pass per il passaggio del solvente allo stato gassoso.

Filtro a Pressione• La sospensione viene

versata all’interno del filtro.

• Pressione: 4 bar con N2(g).

• Membrana filtrante in PTFE idrofobico con pori da 0,45 μm.

• Lavaggio: 3 volte con solvente fluorurato; 3 volte con acqua demineralizzata.

Centrifugazione• Il campione viene

suddiviso in diverse provette da centrifuga.

• Dopo centrifugazione, la fase liquida viene recuperata tramite pipetta Pasteur.

Page 9: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

CaratterizzazioneI campioni sono stati caratterizzati tramite

XPS

BET Angolo di Contatto

Misure di Resistività2^ Legge di Ohm

lSR

Page 10: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

Composizione Superficiale (XPS)

Aumentando la quantità di perossido aggiunto:

• contenuto di F

• contenuto di S

• contenuto di O

• assenza di Cl

Campioni([Perossido]SUPx 102 mmol/m2)

Percentuale Atomica [%]

F O C S

Carbone Vulcan XC72R - 1,2 98,4 0,4

Vulcan dopo trattamento con [CF3C(SO2F)FCOO]2 e lavaggio

1,6 2,7 4,4 92,0 0,9

3,2 4,2 5,0 89,5 1,2

Vulcan dopo trattamento con perossido Z-FOMBLIN solfonico e lavaggio

0,03 3,6 2,9 93,1 0,4

0,13 19,5 8,3 71,3 0,9

0,26 24,7 10,3 63,9 1,0

Trattamento Chimicocon PFPE perossido

Fisioadsorbimento di PFPE (non perossidico)

Lavaggio con Filtro

Lavaggio con Soxhlet

Lavaggio con Soxhlet

(24 h)

(24 h)

Carbone(Vulcan XC72R)

02468

1012141618

FOS

024681012141618

%at

024681012141618

%at

024681012141618

%at

024681012141618

%at

Lavaggio con Filtro

Page 11: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

Angolo di Contatto (CA)Carbone non trattato

0,03E–2 meq/m2 0,13 E–2 meq/m2 0,26 E–2 meq/m2

Non stabile 150° 147°

Carbone trattato con perox Z-FOMBLIN solfonico Carbone trattato con [CF3C(SO2F)FCOO]2

Fisioadsorbimento di PFPE (non perossidico)

Z-Fomblin M03

Lavaggio

136° Non stabile

Non stabile

Page 12: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

Misure Resistività

1,0E-02

1,0E+00

1,0E+02

1,0E+04

1,0E+06

1,0E+08

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Pressione (MPa)

Res

istiv

ità (o

hm c

m) (CF)n

Thermax 990(Extender Black)

VulcanXC72R

Grafite

CONFRONTO TRA MATERIALI

CARBONIOSI

EFFETTO del WORK-UPIl lavaggio tramite centrifugazione o filtro a pressione modifica in modo trascurabile il comportamento elettrico del carbone.

0,00

0,14

0,28

0,42

0,56

0,70

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Pressione (MPa)

Res

istiv

ità (o

hm c

m)

Vulcan XC72R Vulcan Lavato con Centrifuga Vulcan Lavato con Filtro

Page 13: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Funzionalizzazione di materiali carboniosi per mezzo di perossidi organici fluorurati

Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC)

DLC non trattato

DLC trattato con perfluorodi(2-fluorosulfonil)propionil perossido

CARATTERISTICHE• “Diamond-like” indica che i film

contengono alte % di carboni ibridizzati sp3

• Serie di film di carbone amorfo• Elevata durezza, basso coeff. di

attrito, chimicamente inerti• Lisci, senza difetti, barriera

diffusiva a umidità e gas• Biocompatibilità, resistenza a

corrosione • Ottima adesione al substrato

ANGOLO DI CONTATTO

acqua 53° n-dodecano 13°

acqua 76° n-dodecano 3°

XPS

Campioni DLCPercentuale Atomica [%]

F O C S Cl N Si Na

Non trattato - 9,9 87,3 - - 1,5 0,6 0,7

Trattato con[CF3C(SO2F)FCOO]2

4,8 15,4 74,6 0,4 0,3 1,6 2,3 0,5

Page 14: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON

Perfluoroalkylation of Carbonaceous Materials

0200400600800

1000120014001600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30Normal Force [nN]

Fric

tion

Forc

e [m

V]

DLCPFPE Coating

CF3 C O F C O FCF2

A O CF2 CF2 O CF2 O O B

A, B = , ,

225 196 43

Modified DLCDLC

Lateral force signals versus normal forces on the native DLC film and PFPE coating.

Page 15: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Functionalized Carbonaceous

Material

Plastomeric and Elastomeric Fluoropolymer Fillers

Fuorinated Chain

Proton Exchange Membrane

Carbon + Catalyst Fuel Cells

Li-Batteries

Supercapacitors

Perfluoroalkylation of Carbonaceous MaterialsAPPLICATIONS

Self Lubricating Surfaces

Page 16: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Fluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and EquipmentsFluorine Laboratory: Technical Characteristics and Equipments

- Ten independent controlled variable air volume hoods and four working benches.

- Gas pipe distribution system for fluorine, carbon-monoxide, carbon-dioxide, methane, oxygen, helium, nitrogen and tetrafluoroethylene.

-External safety hooded cabinet tailored to contain a fluorine cylinder controlled by fluorine detector, automatic main shut-down valve and carbon filtering equipment to eliminate fluorine from the exhaust.

-Twin coaxial continuous tubing gas distribution system for fluorine gas, outfitted with nitrogen cleaning gap flow and fluorine detectors connected to the safety main shoot-down valve.

-Three hoods organized for a micro-plant flow system operating at atmospheric pressure, set with safety fluorine detector connected to the safety shoot down valve.

-Two hoods equipped with fluorine vacuum-line apparatus and detectors connected to the main shoot-down valve.

Laboratory working surface 75 m2.

- An historically unique “Giulio Natta” dry box.

Page 17: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Reactions with reactive gases

Page 18: Fluorine Laboratory:  Technical Characteristics and Equipments

Reactions with reactive gases

A novel method for the fabrication of silica microfluidic devices

Preparation of highly pure Carbonyl Difluoride Sinthesis of Acil-fluorides suitable for perfluoro-

peroxide synthesis The use of perfluoro-methyl-hypofluorite as a

fluorinating and metoxilation agent of substituted aromatic substrates


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