Food chain

• The arrows show who the energy goes too.• A food chain may also contain abiotic factors

(the sun).• A food chain represents a succession of

organisms that eat another organism and are, in turn, eaten themselves.

Trophic level

• The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food chain. The number of steps an organism is from the start of the chain is a measure of its trophic level. Food chains start at trophic level 1 with primary producers such as plants, move to herbivores at level 2, omnivores at level 3 and typically finish with carnivores or apex predators at level 4 or 5

Food chains

Photosynthesis: Takes water, sun, CO2 and plants turn it into energy.

Ecosystems: A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. An area

with complex relationships between Abiotic and Biotic.

Organisms: An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.

Biosphere: The regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth or other planet occupied by living

organisms.

Biotic FactorsBiotic, meaning of or related to life, are living factors. Plants, animals, fungi and bacteria are all biotic or living factors.Abiotic FactorsAbiotic, meaning not alive, are nonliving factors that affect living organisms. Environmental factors such habitat (pond, lake, ocean, desert, mountain) or weather such as temperature, cloud cover, rain, snow, hurricanes, etc. are abiotic factors.

Abiotic: Non LivingBiotic: Living

Different types of environments

Blake Holland

• Dry forest Woodlands – Land north of the great dividing range is usually dry as the rain falls on the range and the clouds rise.

• Arid and Semi Arid areas – This dry and harsh environment is the remains of an ancient inland sea that left shallow and sandy soils. Plants and trees living here such as: mallee scrub, small eucalyptus have to be hardy and survive long dry periods. Deeper soils are home to banksias and pine, with more salty areas home to spear grass. The areas are threatened by salinity causing 12 species to be extinct recently

• Grasslands – Previous to settlement grasslands covered much of victoria from dividing south to the coast.

• Heathlands – are found in Vic from the coast to the mountains. With poor acidic soil plants are under 3m in height, affected by fire, and include hardy hard-leaved plants such as banksias, bottlebrushes, and tea trees.

• Wet forest and Rainforests – Found in Otway’s. Gippsland, Prom and Alps. The forest contain mountain ash, grey gums, and Stringybark.

• The alps – Alpine refers high mountain areas that treeless due to extended cold and snow periods. Including Tassie accounts for 0.15% of Aust.

TRIP PREPATION

By Dave and Hayden

Some trip prep info

• Some helpful info for preparing for a trip is to pack the least amount of clothes you need, but food you should take more than needed.

• Make sure to pack thermals x2 pairs, at least.It will be very cold and you need to make sure you don’t get hypothermia.

• No cotton. Use inner and outer layers.

Risks.

• Some risks would be if you don’t pack a tent you will might die of hypothermia.

• Make sure before you leave you must contact people letting them know when your leaving and when your getting back, where you’ll be staying and any meeting points you may have.

• Also research were your planning on staying to see what it is like at the moment.

• Make sure to check the weather for the amount of days you’ll be gone.

Codes of conductJessica Day

What are codes of conduct?Code of conduct are also known as guidelines and

Activity standards.

They are informative document that explains everything you would need to know about an environment and

how to participate in an outdoor activity.

Codes of conducts outline equipment you should use, staffing if needed, qualification and experience lever

required, most age suited for the activity, legal requirements, level of first aid and the minimal impact

plan that is in placed.

Who has to follow the codes?People that should follow the codes are any public organisation, schools, guides, scouts youth groups, outdoor companies and individuals in the outdoor

environment

What sort of codes are there?There is minimal impact code, safety in the outdoors,

Alpine responsibility code as well there is activity standards for all outdoor activities.

Why do we have codes of conductwe have codes of conducts because there was a lack of consistency in safety standards and minimal impact. The codes of conduct need more support from

private and commercial users as well as the government agencies which should laydown benchmark standards.

how are codes developed?Codes have been developed by professionals with experience in the

industry, the ORC (outdoor recreation centre), VOEA (Victorian outdoor education associations) and the OSPG (outdoors sector project

group.What happens if these codes aren’t enforced?

Minimal, although it goes wrong the company / person who were in charge of the activity will get taken to court would look at it if the actions

they took a reasonable person would takeWhat is the difference between a code and a legislation?

the difference between a code and a legislation is that a code is not law but is what a responsible person should be doing and following. Where

as a legislation is what must be followed!

Aussie Alps and how they are formed?

• The Australian Alps is the highest mountain range of Australia. This range is located in south-eastern Australia, and it straddles south-eastern New South Wales, eastern Victoria, and the Australian Capital Territory. The Australian Alps contain Australia's only peaks exceeding 2,000 metres in elevation above sea level, and this is the only region on the mainland on which deep snow falls annually.

about Aussie alps

This picture shows that the Australian alps were formed by tectonic plates moving apart which made the magma come up and weakened the earth witch made the Tasman sea and pushed up the mountains. Which is very different to the European alps because they were formed by the tectonic plate being bumped together and pushing the magma up and forming a more of a pointy peak when the Australian alps are more plateaus.

TOURIS

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MASS TOURISM

Act of visiting a destination with large amounts of people at one time.

Wine tourism

Tasting, consumption or purchase of wine often at or near the source

ADVENTURE TOURISM

Involving exploration or travel to remote, exotic, possible hostile areas. Seeing different types of vacations.

ECO TOURISM

Visiting fragile pristine usually protected ares to educate provide fund etc.

WILDLIFE TOURISM

Simplest sense watching animals in their natural habitat. Specifically to see the wildlife In there habitat.

Carbon – oxygen cycle

The movement of carbon and oxygen between the atmosphere, oceans, plants, animals and the ground is called the carbon-oxygen cycle. It moves from organisms to plants and back again and again. During photosyntheis, plants absorb carbon dioxide into their leaves from the atmosphere. The carbon from the carbon dioxide is then intergrated into material such at glucose and starch that keep the plants structure.

Water cycles

All life depends on water to survive. The suns energy powers the water the cycle through evaporation and precipitation. Plants absorb water from soils and use it during processes such as photosynthesis, when they then release water in the atmosphere through respiration, sweat and urine

Nitrogen cycle

The main component of the nitrogen cycle starts with the element nitrogen in the air. Two nitrogen oxides are found in the air as a result of interactions with oxygen.Approximately 80 % of the atmosphere consists of nitrogen.

A food web shows how animals eat and survive, and how energy is

transferred from one animal, to another. Kind of the same as a food chain, yet

a bit different. A food chain is a linear and show only a few animals, whereas

food webs, are spread out and show us a series of animals. Below is a basic

example of a food web.

FOOD WEBS!

Food chains, and food webs are made up of different “layers” with special names. The

first is called the “Producer” which is followed by the “Consumers” then last off is

the “Decomposers.”

Producers, are the ones that get eaten at the very start of a food web/ chain.

Consumers, are the ones that get eaten, and eat each other.

Decomposers are the last ones, which are usually fungi, they eat away at the last

consumer once it dies and starts everything over again.