Date post: | 31-Mar-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | jairo-sidebottom |
View: | 219 times |
Download: | 1 times |
Food Waste Diversion atFood Waste Diversion at Correctional Facilities Correctional Facilities
Composting Technologies and CostsComposting Technologies and Costs
Craig CokerCraig Coker
Organics Recycling CoordinatorOrganics Recycling Coordinator
DENR/ Div. Of Pollution Prevention & DENR/ Div. Of Pollution Prevention & Environmental AssistanceEnvironmental Assistance
OverviewOverview
Technology in Composting Technology in Composting • Materials HandlingMaterials Handling• Biological Process OptimizationBiological Process Optimization• Odor ControlOdor Control
Capital CostCapital Cost• Increases with technologyIncreases with technology
Operational CostsOperational Costs• Decrease with technologyDecrease with technology
Footprint (Area Required)Footprint (Area Required)• Decreases with technology (usually)Decreases with technology (usually)
Technology ClassificationTechnology Classification
Low - TechLow - Tech• WindrowWindrow
Mid - TechMid - Tech• Aerated Static PileAerated Static Pile• Aerated Compost BinsAerated Compost Bins
High - Tech (In-Vessel)High - Tech (In-Vessel)• Rotary Drum CompostersRotary Drum Composters• Box/Tunnel Composting SystemsBox/Tunnel Composting Systems• Mechanical Compost BinsMechanical Compost Bins
Windrow CompostingWindrow Composting
Long, narrow piles agitated/turned regularlyLong, narrow piles agitated/turned regularly Aeration by natural/passive air movementAeration by natural/passive air movement Better suited to larger volumes Better suited to larger volumes Composting Time: 3 - 6 MonthsComposting Time: 3 - 6 Months
Windrow Composting, cont.Windrow Composting, cont.
Equipment NeededEquipment Needed• Grinder/ShredderGrinder/Shredder• Tractor/FELTractor/FEL• Windrow TurnerWindrow Turner
– tractor-pulledtractor-pulled– self-propelledself-propelled
• ScreenerScreener Manual labor costs Manual labor costs
excessive without excessive without equipmentequipment
Windrow Composting, cont.Windrow Composting, cont.
FootprintFootprint• One Acre Can Handle 4,000 - 7,000 CY One Acre Can Handle 4,000 - 7,000 CY
Compost MixCompost Mix CostsCosts
• Site Prep -Site SpecificSite Prep -Site Specific• Asphalt/Concrete Pad ($12 - $27/square yard)Asphalt/Concrete Pad ($12 - $27/square yard)• EquipmentEquipment
– Grinder/Shredder : $3,500Grinder/Shredder : $3,500– Tractor/Front End Loader : $50K - $150KTractor/Front End Loader : $50K - $150K– Windrow Turner : $30K - $200KWindrow Turner : $30K - $200K– Screeners : $50K - $180KScreeners : $50K - $180K
Aerated Compost BinsAerated Compost Bins
Aerated Compost BinsAerated Compost Bins
Aeration Through Porous Floor PlatesAeration Through Porous Floor Plates Composting Time: 2 - 3 WeeksComposting Time: 2 - 3 Weeks Curing Time: 2 MonthsCuring Time: 2 Months Durable Materials of ConstructionDurable Materials of Construction Equipment Needed: Front End LoaderEquipment Needed: Front End Loader Vector/Vermin Control Needed With Food Vector/Vermin Control Needed With Food
WastesWastes Capacities: 3 - 4 Days Food Waste + Capacities: 3 - 4 Days Food Waste +
Bulking Agent Per BinBulking Agent Per Bin
Aerated Compost Bins At Aerated Compost Bins At CaledoniaCaledonia
12 Bins - Two Rows of 6 Bins12 Bins - Two Rows of 6 Bins Construction Cost - $40,000Construction Cost - $40,000 Footprint - 50 SF per BinFootprint - 50 SF per Bin Capacity of Each Bin - 36 Barrels (35 - Capacity of Each Bin - 36 Barrels (35 -
gal.) of Food Scrapsgal.) of Food Scraps Blowers - 980 CFMBlowers - 980 CFM Aeration Plates - 2’ x 2’, $89 EachAeration Plates - 2’ x 2’, $89 Each Filling/Emptying - With BobcatFilling/Emptying - With Bobcat
Aerated Static PileAerated Static Pile
Aeration Provided By Mechanical BlowersAeration Provided By Mechanical Blowers Can Shorten Composting time to 3 - 5 Weeks Can Shorten Composting time to 3 - 5 Weeks
(followed by 30 days curing)(followed by 30 days curing)
Aerated Static PileAerated Static Pile
Better Suited to Larger Volumes (landscape Better Suited to Larger Volumes (landscape debris and food waste) debris and food waste)
May Not Be Suited to Wastes That Need May Not Be Suited to Wastes That Need Mixing During Composting, Like Food WastesMixing During Composting, Like Food Wastes
Difficult to Adjust Moisture Content During Difficult to Adjust Moisture Content During Composting If NeededComposting If Needed
Odor Control Difficult With Positive AerationOdor Control Difficult With Positive Aeration Less Land Area Than Windrows, Still Labor Less Land Area Than Windrows, Still Labor
IntensiveIntensive
In-Vessel SystemsIn-Vessel SystemsRotary Drum CompostersRotary Drum Composters
Rotary Drum CompostersRotary Drum Composters
Rotation Mixes, Aerates Compost MixRotation Mixes, Aerates Compost Mix Second - Stage Curing/Composting NeededSecond - Stage Curing/Composting Needed Food Waste Grinding and Mixing With Food Waste Grinding and Mixing With
Bulking Agent Needed Prior to Feeding DrumBulking Agent Needed Prior to Feeding Drum Recipe For Drum Composting Food Wastes:Recipe For Drum Composting Food Wastes:
• 2 Parts Wood Chips2 Parts Wood Chips• 1 Part Sawdust1 Part Sawdust• 2 Parts Food Waste2 Parts Food Waste
Rotary Drum Composting Rotary Drum Composting at Brown Creekat Brown Creek
Type 616 Greendrum Composter with Patz Type 616 Greendrum Composter with Patz 9427 Chopper9427 Chopper
Mounted on Tandem Axle Frame - moveableMounted on Tandem Axle Frame - moveable Footprint - 200-300 SFFootprint - 200-300 SF Daily Loading Rate - 2,000 - 5,000 Lbs/DayDaily Loading Rate - 2,000 - 5,000 Lbs/Day Operating Capacity - 11 CYOperating Capacity - 11 CY Retention Time - 1 Week, Curing Time - 2 Retention Time - 1 Week, Curing Time - 2
MonthsMonths Cost - Approx. $45,000 Cost - Approx. $45,000
Box/Tunnel Composting Box/Tunnel Composting SystemsSystems
Box/Tunnel Composting Box/Tunnel Composting SystemsSystems
Auburn Correctional Facility, Auburn Correctional Facility, NYNY
Wright Environmental Model 1500 Wright Environmental Model 1500 (Model 750 (Model 750 shown)shown)
Auburn Correctional Auburn Correctional CompostingComposting
Capacity: 1500 lbs/dayCapacity: 1500 lbs/day Composting Time: 4 WeeksComposting Time: 4 Weeks Curing Time: 1 MonthCuring Time: 1 Month Labor - 2 InmatesLabor - 2 Inmates Cost: $123,000Cost: $123,000 Disposal Savings: $33,000 / yr. (4-yr. Disposal Savings: $33,000 / yr. (4-yr.
Payback)Payback) Footprint: 50’ Long x 10’ WideFootprint: 50’ Long x 10’ Wide
Mechanical Compost BinsMechanical Compost Bins
Green Mountain Green Mountain Technologies “Earth Technologies “Earth Tub”Tub”
Modular Design, Batch Modular Design, Batch OperationOperation
Capacity: 200 lbs/dayCapacity: 200 lbs/day Composting Time: 4 Composting Time: 4
Weeks; Curing: 1 MonthWeeks; Curing: 1 Month Footprint: 1 Parking Footprint: 1 Parking
SpaceSpace Cost: $6,000Cost: $6,000 Labor: 1 OperatorLabor: 1 Operator
GMT “Earth Tub” InstallationsGMT “Earth Tub” Installations
UNC - Asheville UNC - Asheville (Spring, 1999)(Spring, 1999)
Univ. of GeorgiaUniv. of Georgia Hyatt Regency, Hyatt Regency,
ChicagoChicago Vermont DECVermont DEC Univ. of South CarolinaUniv. of South Carolina Connecticut DEPConnecticut DEP Flushing Hospital, NYFlushing Hospital, NY Texas A&M UniversityTexas A&M University
For More Information:For More Information:
Greendrum Rotary Drum ComposterGreendrum Rotary Drum Composter• Bob Broom, RKB Enterprises (888) 475-Bob Broom, RKB Enterprises (888) 475-
23682368 Wright Environmental Tunnel SystemWright Environmental Tunnel System
• Paul Roth, Innovative Environmental Paul Roth, Innovative Environmental Systems Systems
(757)890-1354(757)890-1354 Green Mountain Technologies Earth TubGreen Mountain Technologies Earth Tub
• John DeRham, (802) 368-7291John DeRham, (802) 368-7291
SummarySummary
Factors To Consider In Selecting TechnologyFactors To Consider In Selecting Technology• Available SpaceAvailable Space• Available Labor (Inmate or Staff)Available Labor (Inmate or Staff)• Vendor Previous Experience With Same Vendor Previous Experience With Same
FeedstocksFeedstocks• Control of Odors, Vermin, and VectorsControl of Odors, Vermin, and Vectors• Life - Cycle CostsLife - Cycle Costs
– Capital Costs And All O&M Costs Over Expected Life Of Capital Costs And All O&M Costs Over Expected Life Of SystemSystem
– Low - Tech: Lower Capital; Higher Operating CostsLow - Tech: Lower Capital; Higher Operating Costs– High - Tech: Higher Capital; Lower Operating CostsHigh - Tech: Higher Capital; Lower Operating Costs