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Foot Orthotics
What is a Foot Orthosis?
Device used to accommodate foot deformity or pressure lesions, cushion the foot, alter sensory input, or realign foot posture.
Foot
-Met Pad-Bunion brace-Hammer toe brace-PSC-Arch Brace
TerminologyArch support
Heel wedge
Medial/lateral wedge
Metatarsal pad
Insole
Types of Orthotics
• Prefabricated OTC • Advantage
– Cheap– Convenient– Effective
• Disadvantage– Mass produced– Nonspecific arch contour– Fails to address
positional/structural deformities and compensations
Types of Orthotics
• Biomechanical or Custom
• Advantage– Address the source of
compensation – Slow rate/extent of
deformity• Disadvantage
– Cost– Experience of provider– May not help
Accomodative Orthotics
• Fit in shoe to stabilize foot deformity
• Allows foot to compensate• Transfer weight from painful area• Improves shock absorption• Control ground reactive forces
around a specific location• Example: Diabetic foot,
Neuropathy, PVD, congenital malformations
Functional or Corrected Orthotic
• Addresses patho-mechanical components of the lower extremity/foot/ankle condition
• Resists abnormal compensation
• Prevent pain during ambulation
• Prevent pathologic ROM• Example: athletes, pes planus,
pes cavus
Custom: Stiffness• Rigid (pes planus)– control foot function– provide stability– firm material
• Semi-rigid (athletes)– dynamic balance of foot– layers of soft/rigid laterial
• Soft (pes cavus)– absorb shock– improve balance– remove pressure– compressible material
Modifications
• Metatarsal (MT) head cut-out• Heel cushioning• Metatarsal pads• Morton’s extension• Rigid forefoot extension
Morton’s extension
Pad
MT cut-out
Heel cushioning