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Indonesia’ s CCS Storage Availability and Options for CCS Biomass R&D Centre for Oil and Gas Technology LEMIGAS Dr. Usman and Utomo P.I.
Indonesia’s CCS Storage
Availability and Options
for CCS Biomass
R&D Centre for Oil
and Gas Technology
LEMIGAS
Dr. Usman and Utomo P.I.
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property of PPPTMGB “LEMIGAS”. Permission should be sought
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reproduced, stored or transmitted by any means.
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Agenda
Introduction
The Most Suitable Sedimentary Basins for CO2 Storage in Indonesia
Available Storage Capacity
Options for CCS Biomass
Conclusion
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Introduction
Indonesia has committed to reduce its GHG’s by adopting the National Action
Plan Addressing Climate Change (RAN-PI) through Presidential Decree No.61
/2011.
Current efforts are considered still insufficient to achieve 26% CO2 emissions
abatement target by 2020:
energy mix improvements
the switch to less-carbon intensive fuels
renewable resources deployment
Maximizing the national potential of CCS.
To improve energy security (CCS-EOR).
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Background
Geological Formations Available for CO2 Storage in Indonesia
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Proven traps known to
kept liquids and gassess
for million years.
Mostly located in
Sumatera, Kalimantan
and Java, where more
than a century of
intensive petroleum
exploitation has been
commenced.
Its wide distribution and
size provides high
potential for storing the
CO2.
Preliminary studies
indicated this formations
exist in Natuna and South
Sumatera basin.
Higher affinity to CO2 than
CH4 offers more secure
trapping mechanism.
Almost can be found in
the main islands of
Indonesia, with potential
resources ± 453 Tcf.
Depleted Oil & Gas Reservoirs Coal Seams Saline Formations
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CRITERIA
Increasing CO2 Storage Potential
CLASSES
1 2 3 4 5
On/Off Shore Deep Offshore Shallow Offshore Onshore
Geothermal Warm
(>400C/km) Moderate
Cold
(<300C/km)
Maturity Unexploration Exploration Development Production Basin
Fault Intensity Extensive
Faulted and
fracture
Moderately Faulted
and fracture Limited Faulting and fracturing
Tectonic Setting For Arc Back Arc Platform Deltaic Rift Vally
Depth (meter) Shallow
(<1,500m)
Intermediate
(1,500-3,500 m)
Deep
(>3,500 m)
Size Small Medium Large Giant
Hydrocarbon
Potential None Small Medium Large Giant
Accessibility Inaccessible Difficult Acceptable Easy
Infrastructure None Minor Moderate Extensive
Screening Criteria for Specific Indonesian Sedimentary Basins
Modified from Bachu, 2003 and CO2CRC, 2009
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Most Suitable Sedimentary Basins for CO2 Storage
LEMIGAS
No. Basin Name Region Suitability Score
(1-0)
1 Kutai East Kalimantan 0.913
2 Tarakan East Kalimantan 0.777
3 South Sumatera South Sumatera 0.756
4 Seram Maluku 0.735
5 North West Java West Java 0.723
6 Barito Central-South Kalimantan 0.722
7 Central Sumatera Riau 0.715
8 North Sumatera North Sumatera 0.702
9 Salawati Papua 0.690
10 North East Java East Java 0.683
Main Factor
Well characterized reservoirs
Favorable and well-known geological structure
There is potential to reuse existing infrastructure
Where:
MCO2 = CO2 storage capacity
V = Volume
dCO2 () = Density CO2 @ P and T reservoir
B = Formation volume factor
= Porosity
Does not take the following variables
into account:
Viw : Volumes of injected water
Vpw: : Volumes of produced water
Volume previously occupied by the
produced hydrocarbons becomes for CO2
storage
Not flooded (Secondary & tertiary
recovery)
Not in hydrodynamic contact with an
aquifer
Np/Ult ratio ≥ 55% Source: Bachu., et al, 2007 & Gunter, 2012
Based on Recovery Factors
Oil Reservoir:
Storage Capacity Estimation in Depleted Oil and Gas Reservoirs
Key assumptions
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pwiwffrCO VVBOOIPRdMCO 22
Gas Reservoir:
MCO2t = ρCO2r × [R f × A × h × φ× (1 – S w) – V iw + V pw]
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CO2 Storage Capacity Estimates in Depleted Oil and Gas Field*
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CO2 Storage Capacity in South Sumatera Geological
Formations
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Th
eo
re
ti
ca
l
E f f e c t i v e
S t o r a g e C a p a c i t y ( G t C O 2 )
(103 Fields)
Value prone to changes as technology, policy,
economics & etc. change
Subset total PV by applying technical
limits (geology and engineering limits)
Depleted Oil and Gas Reservoirs
Assumes entire volume is
accessible to store CO2 in the pore
space
Saline Formations and Coal Seams
Matched
Capacity
Placeholder for text
Theoret ical Capacity
Effective Capacity
Practical Capacity
Obtained by detailed sources with storage sites and
adequate of capacity and supply rate & injectivity
U n c e r t a i n t y Modified from CSLF, 2007
Techno-Economic Resource-Reserve Pyramid for CO2 Storage Capacity
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CO2 Storage Capacity Classification
Options for CCS Biomass
Combining CCS with biomass energies in
Indonesia seems potential but still is too
early due to:
immaturity of biomass industries.
the scale of the industries is too small for
supplying CO2 and retrofitting with the capture
technology.
Future emissions reduction technologies
may require negative emissions which can
be addressed by combining biomass with
CCS.
Indonesia endows biomass resources with
potential to generate electricity of
49807MWe (Abdullah, K., 2003).
Recently, the Indonesian government had
issued several policies which put higher
priority on the utilization of renewable
energy.
The conversion of current biomass for
biofuel is still low and would be necessary to
meet the increasing demand of fuel.
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Conclusion
From 60 identified sedimentary basins, Kutai, Tarakan and South Sumatera basins have higher suitability for CO2 storage.
Well-characterized reservoirs, favorable and well-known geological structure, large amount of exploration and production data, and established infrastructures are the dominant factors resulting these basins have higher suitability.
More than 600 Mt of CO2 is able to store at the depleted oil and gas reservoirs in Indonesia while the latest study indicates South Sumatera offers various of geological formation with capacities more than 10 GtCO2.
Although, biomass resources are abundance but the utilization is still low. Combining biomass with CCS will create many hurdles.
The most suitable near-term deployment of CCS in Indonesia will be in the oil and gas upstream sector. The use of CO2 for EOR provides a driver and early mover for deploying CCS particularly for Indonesia.
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Any Questions?
Agency of R&D for Energy and Mineral Resources
R & D C e n t r e f o r O i l a n d G a s Te c h n o l o g y
Republic of Indonesia LEMIGAS
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