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Forces Leading to WW1
Nationalism• Nation is a
group of people with a common history, culture, language, ethnicity
• Nationalists demand a political border and government to align with the nation
• “Germany” became unified in 1871
• Where did nationality not align with borders?
Militarism• Policy of glorifying
military power and values
• Germany united in 1871 through military success
• Naval competition between Germany and England
• Previous, recent wars had not been long or hugely bloody
• Men saw war as a time to prove their courage, bravery, valor
• Young men were easily convinced to join the war at its start
Imperialism• Desire by a nation to
own and control other nations
• In 1800s, European powers competed to control Africa and Asia
• New European power, Germany, had few colonies
• England and France tried to hold on to colonies
Causes of WW1: 1914• Serbian nationalists disliked
Austrian control of Balkan region (south of Austria)
• Austrian Arch-duke Franz Ferdinand traveled to Sarajevo on official visit
• Assassination of arch-duke led Austria to declare war on Serbia
• Russia mobilized forces to defend Serbia
• Germany declared war on Russia
• Two alliances formed:– Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
(Italy changed sides later)– Great Britain, Russia, and France
Red: Central PowersGreen: Allied Powers