High Wheat Prices Despite Abundant Exporter Stocks
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
ForeignAgriculturalService
Circular SeriesFG 03-11Mar 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade
Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board - USDA
There is normally a strong inverse relationship between international wheat prices and stocks held by majorexporting countries because they are mostly available for export to the world market. Global wheat prices,as reflected by Hard Red Winter (HRW), have nearly doubled over the last year. The surge was initiallyfuelled by smaller crops and export restrictions in some major exporting countries, then concerns overavailable supplies of milling quality wheat. Prices are reflecting other factors, including a tight U.S. cornmarket, poor winter wheat crop conditions in the United States, and political unrest in North Africa and theMiddle East.
Exporter stocks remain relatively high and are boosted almost 4 million tons this month. In fact, they areestimated to be 55 percent higher than during the price crisis of 2007/08. Stocks are up this month on moresupplies from key Southern Hemisphere countries, namely, Argentina and Australia, and less importdemand, particularly from Russia. U.S. stocks are raised on lower foreign demand as a result of greatercompetition from Australia.
Weekly HRW fob Gulf PricesMMT
01020304050607080
Traditional Exporters: Argentina, Australia, Canada, EU, and United StatesBlack Sea: Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan
125
175
225
275
325
375
425
475
525$/ton
Wheat Ending Stocks for Exporter Countries
Data through March 4, 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
World Markets and Trade: Commentary and Current Data Wheat ................................................................................................................. 4 Rice .................................................................................................................... 9 Coarse Grains ................................................................................................... 14 Historical Data Series for Selected Regions and Countries ............................ 34 Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade ............................................... 53 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 9 a.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. It is available on the FAS website (http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/). This circular is released at 10:00 a.m. on the same day, together with its downloadable data set.
March 2011
All Grain Summary Comparison
Marketing Year
Wheat Rice, Milled Corn
2010/112009/102008/092010/112009/102008/092010/112009/102008/09
Production
United States (Jun-May) 68.0 60.4 60.1 6.4 6.9 7.5 307.1 332.5 316.2
Other 616.1 622.2 587.5 441.7 434.0 444.0 491.3 479.8 497.6
World Total 684.2 682.6 647.6 448.1 440.9 451.5 798.4 812.4 813.8
Domestic Consumption
United States (Jun-May) 34.3 30.9 32.0 4.0 3.9 4.0 259.3 281.4 293.4
Other 600.7 619.2 629.6 431.3 431.5 442.5 520.7 527.1 542.6
World Total 635.0 650.2 661.6 435.2 435.3 446.5 780.0 808.6 836.0
Ending Stocks
United States (Jun-May) 17.9 26.6 22.9 1.0 1.2 1.6 42.5 43.4 17.1
Other 149.4 170.8 159.0 90.5 93.1 97.2 105.3 101.2 106.0
World Total 167.2 197.3 181.9 91.5 94.3 98.8 147.8 144.5 123.1
TY Imports
United States (Jun-May) 3.4 3.2 3.0 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.5
Other 136.9 128.3 118.3 26.2 28.4 28.6 82.2 89.8 90.1
World Total 140.3 131.5 121.2 26.8 29.0 29.2 82.5 90.0 90.6
TY Exports
United States (Jun-May) 27.1 24.2 35.0 3.0 3.8 3.4 47.8 49.9 50.0
Other 116.1 110.1 89.3 26.3 27.3 26.7 36.2 43.3 42.1
World Total 143.2 134.2 124.3 29.3 31.1 30.2 84.0 93.2 92.1
Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and exports
and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.
Marketing years for U.S. grains are: Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).
'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat only.
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011 4
WHEAT: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE OVERVIEW Higher reported yields boosted production this month in Southern Hemisphere countries (Argentina and Australia). Import demand has declined, raising prospects for global stocks. U.S. exports are lowered due to greater competition from Australia.
175
225
275
325
375
425
475
525
$/M
T
U.S. Weekly FOB Export Bids
HRS SRW SWW HRW
PRICES: Domestic prices: Prices of all wheat classes began the month strong but ended lower on market uncertainty in the Middle East and greater competition from Southern Hemisphere countries. Hard Red Spring (HRS) and Hard Red Winter are down $9 and $5 to $504/ton and $360/ton, respectively. Soft Red Winter (SRW) dropped $17 to $332/ton, and Soft White Wheat (SWW) fell $6 to $327/ton.
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011 5
TRADE CHANGES IN 2010/11 Selected Exporters
• Australia is raised 1.0 million tons to 15.0 million on higher-than-expected supplies of milling quality wheat.
• EU-27 is reduced 500,000 tons to 21.0 million due to tight supplies of feed grains and a stronger euro.
• Paraguay and Uruguay are each raised 400,000 tons to 1.3 million and 1.2 million, respectively, on a strong export pace.
• Ukraine is lowered 1.5 million tons to 4.0 million on the very sluggish pace of exports.
• United States is reduced 1.0 million tons to 35.0 million due to the slower-than-expected
shipments and increased exportable supplies from the Southern Hemisphere.
Selected Importers
• Brazil is raised 500,000 tons to 6.7 million on a strong import pace.
• Russia is lowered 1.5 million tons to 500,000 on negligible imports to date.
• Saudi Arabia is reduced 300,000 tons to 1.7 million on larger production and the slow import pace.
March 2011
World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade
July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
7,0007,0005,1728,62110,22812,231 Argentina
15,00014,00013,74413,4507,44911,241 Australia
17,50017,50018,97418,67416,56119,278 Canada
21,00021,50022,11725,31912,27213,813 EU-27
5,0005,0007,8715,7018,1818,089 Kazakhstan
1,2001,0003002,1002,200700 Pakistan
1,300900648784453155 Paraguay
4,0004,00018,55618,39312,22010,790 Russia
3,0003,0004,2742,3421,7632,200 Turkey
4,0005,5009,33713,0371,2363,366 Ukraine
10,3079,8579,0787,6399,6028,898 Others
89,30789,257110,071116,06082,16590,761 Subtotal
35,00036,00024,17527,10134,28224,873 United States
124,307125,257134,246143,161116,447115,634 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,3002,3002,5003,8002,3001,400 Afghanistan
5,3005,3005,1676,3505,9044,874 Algeria
3,0003,0003,3312,8821,5001,731 Bangladesh
6,7006,2006,6676,7627,0767,743 Brazil
9,8009,80010,3009,9007,7007,300 Egypt
4,5004,5005,4807,7376,9335,233 EU-27
5,3005,3005,3645,4195,2275,601 Indonesia
3,4003,4003,9073,8793,4292,892 Iraq
1,5001,5001,8622,0641,1871,494 Israel
5,2005,2005,5025,1565,7015,747 Japan
4,2004,0004,4703,3713,0923,439 Korea, South
1,6001,8002,0911,6891,574994 Libya
3,5003,3003,1963,3423,1363,607 Mexico
3,6003,6002,3043,7594,1921,802 Morocco
3,7004,0004,0793,5502,6333,265 Nigeria
1,6001,6001,7031,3851,4441,367 Peru
3,0002,8003,1853,2012,2662,754 Philippines
1,7002,0001,9101,40075100 Saudi Arabia
1,6001,6001,3581,4721,333885 South Africa
1,6001,6001,9021,7121,0601,323 Sudan
1,5001,3001,6001,1281,0721,189 Thailand
1,6001,8001,5341,7682,3721,430 Tunisia
2,5002,5003,1923,5782,1921,778 Turkey
1,8001,7001,9259251,1441,228 Vietnam
2,3002,3002,6022,9192,0002,440 Yemen
35,48036,88541,13947,73534,28038,223 Others
118,280119,285128,270136,883110,822109,839 Subtotal
3,0773,0222,7962,8792,6732,438 Unaccounted
2,9502,9503,1803,3992,9523,357 United States
124,307125,257134,246143,161116,447115,634 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
March 2011
World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Production
15,00014,00011,00011,00018,60016,300 Argentina
26,00025,00021,92321,42013,56910,822 Australia
5,9005,9005,0265,8803,8252,234 Brazil
23,16723,16726,84828,61120,05425,265 Canada
114,500114,500115,120112,464109,298108,466 China
8,5008,5008,5237,9778,2758,274 Egypt
136,078136,528138,051151,122120,133124,870 EU-27
80,80080,71080,68078,57075,81069,350 India
14,40014,40012,00010,00015,00014,500 Iran
9,7009,70017,05212,53816,46713,460 Kazakhstan
23,90023,90024,03320,95923,29521,277 Pakistan
41,50041,50061,70063,70049,40044,900 Russia
17,00017,00018,45016,80015,50017,500 Turkey
16,85016,85020,90025,90013,90014,000 Ukraine
6,5006,5006,2006,0006,2005,850 Uzbekistan
47,69947,15054,72243,19846,05549,830 Others
587,494585,305622,228616,139555,381546,898 Subtotal
60,10360,10360,36668,01655,82149,217 United States
647,597645,408682,594684,155611,202596,115 World Total
none
Total Consumption
8,7508,7508,5508,3008,0507,850 Algeria
8,9758,4756,7256,8506,5007,600 Australia
10,80010,80011,00010,70010,30010,300 Brazil
8,2008,2006,9558,0366,7878,986 Canada
108,800108,800107,000105,500106,000102,000 China
18,40018,40017,90017,20015,80015,300 Egypt
122,000122,000124,500127,000116,536125,500 EU-27
82,47582,43578,15070,92476,42373,477 India
16,20016,20016,10015,80015,50015,300 Iran
8,3008,3008,0007,4507,2257,200 Morocco
24,00024,00023,20022,80022,40021,700 Pakistan
46,00047,50042,00038,90037,65036,400 Russia
17,20017,20017,10016,90016,80016,650 Turkey
11,60011,60012,30011,90012,30011,700 Ukraine
7,4507,4507,3507,0506,8006,500 Uzbekistan
130,483130,558132,409125,374119,595120,889 Others
631,016633,226621,567607,411588,143585,169 Subtotal
32,00632,00630,93234,29328,61430,940 United States
663,022665,232652,499641,704616,757616,109 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
7,7317,2314,1063,5883,6513,953 Australia
5,6875,6877,8206,5474,4066,865 Canada
60,01460,01454,31445,69238,97038,458 China
5,6225,6225,7324,8184,2554,142 Egypt
13,46113,41115,88318,96912,42914,171 EU-27
14,61814,47516,19313,4305,8004,500 India
3,8693,86911,86910,5613,9513,981 Russia
47,95445,20254,85545,75742,99341,849 Others
158,956155,511170,772149,362116,455117,919 Subtotal
22,94322,26326,55217,8678,32312,414 United States
181,899177,774197,324167,229124,778130,333 World Total
March 2011
Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
7,279 North America 6,475 7,128 6,779 6,650 6,850
1,582 Central America 1,460 1,489 1,464 1,450 1,450
13,855 South America 13,109 13,161 13,118 12,590 13,435
5,233 European Union 6,933 7,737 5,480 4,500 4,500
1,485 Other Europe 1,932 1,670 1,698 1,750 1,700
5,986 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,105 6,502 5,415 7,325 5,675
12,089 Middle East 11,997 28,465 22,489 16,625 16,150
16,400 North Africa 21,742 23,466 21,396 22,300 21,900
11,431 Sub-Saharan Africa 10,269 13,724 15,766 14,260 13,885
11,894 East Asia 11,277 11,322 13,744 12,450 12,850
10,949 South Asia 8,215 10,747 7,513 6,710 6,810
12,377 Southeast Asia 11,483 12,233 13,890 12,925 13,425
2,636 Others 2,777 2,638 2,698 2,700 2,600
113,196 Total 113,774 140,282 131,450 122,235 121,230
Production none
77,722 North America 79,468 100,627 91,514 87,170 87,170
21,222 South America 25,435 20,516 21,034 23,547 24,547
124,870 European Union 120,133 151,122 138,051 136,528 136,078
4,313 Other Europe 4,405 4,712 4,609 3,850 3,850
84,914 Former Soviet Union - 12 92,464 115,441 113,891 80,980 80,969
41,965 Middle East 40,153 32,340 37,220 38,105 38,665
18,576 North Africa 13,948 14,352 20,231 17,450 17,450
5,724 Sub-Saharan Africa 5,547 6,103 6,155 5,770 5,770
109,669 East Asia 110,590 113,776 116,281 115,825 115,825
95,881 South Asia 105,070 103,298 111,233 110,730 110,820
11,099 Oceania 13,846 21,697 22,200 25,277 26,277
160 Others 143 171 175 176 176
596,115 Total 611,202 684,155 682,594 645,408 647,597
Domestic Consumption none
46,126 North America 40,901 48,329 44,087 46,456 46,656
24,193 South America 24,372 24,503 25,548 25,460 25,435
125,500 European Union 116,536 127,000 124,500 122,000 122,000
5,220 Other Europe 5,475 5,545 5,434 5,355 5,330
72,551 Former Soviet Union - 12 74,856 76,316 80,250 84,050 82,450
51,330 Middle East 50,947 52,489 53,567 53,825 53,850
34,105 North Africa 35,674 37,464 39,100 40,175 40,050
16,742 Sub-Saharan Africa 15,678 18,337 20,079 19,748 19,373
113,938 East Asia 117,556 117,438 119,582 121,500 121,500
105,066 South Asia 109,488 104,554 114,081 118,490 118,530
11,719 Southeast Asia 11,009 12,004 13,037 12,860 13,310
8,535 Oceania 7,388 7,720 7,630 9,355 9,855
3,267 Others 3,400 3,278 3,276 3,400 3,300
618,292 Total 613,280 634,977 650,171 662,674 661,639
Ending Stocks none
19,690 North America 13,108 24,729 35,144 28,672 29,352
3,652 South America 4,569 4,065 4,778 4,193 5,655
14,171 European Union 12,429 18,969 15,883 13,411 13,461
1,772 Other Europe 1,876 2,208 2,246 1,676 1,651
11,204 Former Soviet Union - 12 13,029 20,907 23,233 12,288 13,727
12,130 Middle East 10,557 12,903 15,160 11,763 11,763
9,764 North Africa 9,482 9,497 11,833 11,223 10,948
1,387 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,208 1,886 2,975 2,433 2,487
40,846 East Asia 41,788 48,276 57,337 62,622 63,022
8,357 South Asia 9,727 16,951 20,925 18,935 18,725
2,844 Southeast Asia 2,837 2,738 3,190 2,905 2,955
4,224 Oceania 3,912 3,800 4,297 7,374 7,874
292 Others 256 300 323 279 279
130,333 Total 124,778 167,229 197,324 177,774 181,899
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011
9
RICE: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
OVERVIEW Rice traded globally in 2011 is still expected to be slightly below the previous year. Global prices continue to fall as record production exceeds consumption, and stocks are at the highest level since 2002/2003. PRICES International: Six months ago, U.S. #2/4 rice quotes started to climb significantly. However, prices have fallen since January, and in the last month, prices dropped $33 to $533 per ton, FOB. Thai and Vietnamese quotes have followed the same trend. Over the last month, quotes for Thai 100 B have come down $25 to $519 per ton, FOB, and Viet quotes for 5% slid $42 to $462 per ton, FOB. Rice prices of all origins continue to drop despite higher prices for most other commodities. Domestic: California medium grain #1/4 quotes remained steady for the last 5 weeks at $875 per ton, FOB. TRADE CHANGES IN 2011 (unless otherwise noted) Selected Exporters
• Burma is slashed 300,000 tons to 200,000 on the recently announced export ban.
• China is dropped by one-third to 600,000 tons as the two approved state companies are expected to ship less.
• India is down 100,000 tons to 2.4 million in 2011 on the expectation that only a small amount of non-basmati will be allowed to ship. For 2010, exports are cut 250,000 tons to 2.0 million on shipment data.
• United States is raised 315,000 tons to 3.8 million in 2010 on final official data, the second highest on record.
Rice Quotes Continue to Slide Despite High Prices For Other Commodities
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
9/7/109/2
1/10
10/5/10
10/19/10
11/2/10
11/16/10
11/30/10
12/14/ 10
12/28/101/11/1
1
1/25/11
2/ 8/11
2/22/113/8/11
$/MT
Thai 100B US # 2/4 Viet 5%
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011
10
• Vietnam is bumped 200,000 tons to 6.0 million on sales to Bangladesh.
Selected Importers
• Bangladesh is raised one-third to 800,000 tons on recent government purchases targeted at reducing inflation.
• Nigeria is bumped 100,000 tons to a record 2.1 million in 2010 on large shipments from
Thailand at the end of the year.
• Philippines is dropped 200,000 tons to 2.4 million in 2010 on near-final shipment data.
• Saudi Arabia is cut 200,000 tons to 1.1 million on the expectation that year-to-year demand will remain flat.
March 2011
World Rice Trade
January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
600600450594408436 Argentina
350350401748190 Australia
600600430591511201 Brazil
2005004451,05254131 Burma
1,2001,2001,000800500450 Cambodia
6009006197839691,340 China
180180230150157139 EU-27
250250275244185254 Guyana
2,4002,5001,9502,1233,3836,301 India
200200200200200200 Japan
2,6502,6504,0003,1873,0502,696 Pakistan
120120154902112 Russia
10,00010,0009,0008,57010,0119,557 Thailand
850850750926742734 Uruguay
6,0005,8006,7345,9504,6494,522 Vietnam
5455501,0389931,1301,829 Others
26,74527,25027,31526,27026,50528,892 Subtotal
3,4253,4253,8152,9833,2193,003 United States
30,17030,67531,13029,25329,72431,895 World Total
none
TY Imports
8006006601501,6581,570 Bangladesh
600600750650417684 Brazil
330330330322365341 Canada
400330366337295472 China
900900860800800980 Cote d'Ivoire
525525500457558574 Cuba
1,3501,3501,2001,3831,5201,342 EU-27
410410400395399348 Hong Kong
1,7501,7501,1502503502,000 Indonesia
1,2001,2001,1501,4701,5501,500 Iran
1,1501,1501,1071,089975613 Iraq
700700650750546642 Japan
1,0201,0201,0201,0701,039799 Malaysia
655655600610578607 Mexico
400400320385300410 Mozambique
1,9001,9002,1002,0001,8001,550 Nigeria
1,5001,5002,4002,0002,5001,900 Philippines
1,1001,3001,0691,0721,166961 Saudi Arabia
700700650715860700 Senegal
760850733745650960 South Africa
350350350300230235 Syria
400400520282195193 Turkey
400400400380350285 United Arab Emirates
600600400500300450 Vietnam
335335325325315338 Yemen
8,3608,3158,3957,7148,1768,295 Others
28,59528,57028,40526,15127,89228,749 Subtotal
9551,4852,1632,4201,1812,451 Unaccounted
620620562682651695 United States
30,17030,67531,13029,25329,72431,895 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Note about dates: 2010/11 is calendar year 2011, 2009/10 is calendar year 2010, and so on.
March 2011
World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Milled Production
32,30032,30031,00031,00028,80029,000 Bangladesh
8,7008,5007,6578,5708,1997,695 Brazil
10,50010,50010,59710,15010,73010,600 Burma
5,0205,0204,7804,5204,2383,946 Cambodia
139,300139,300136,570134,330130,224127,200 China
3,1003,1004,3004,4024,3854,383 Egypt
94,50095,00089,13099,18096,69093,350 India
37,50037,50036,37038,31037,00035,300 Indonesia
7,7207,7207,7118,0297,9307,786 Japan
4,3004,3004,9164,8434,4084,680 Korea, South
3,6003,6003,4003,2003,0002,900 Nigeria
5,0005,0006,8006,9005,7005,450 Pakistan
10,35010,3509,77210,75510,4799,775 Philippines
20,35020,35020,26019,85019,80018,250 Thailand
24,98324,98324,97924,39324,37522,922 Vietnam
36,82436,68635,75833,31631,52130,952 Others
444,047444,209434,000441,748427,479414,189 Subtotal
7,4717,4436,9176,4006,1496,088 United States
451,518451,652440,917448,148433,628420,277 World Total
none
Consumption and Residual
33,10032,85031,60031,00030,74729,764 Bangladesh
8,4508,5008,4008,4008,3508,400 Brazil
10,10010,1009,8559,64810,24910,670 Burma
3,8403,8403,8103,7703,7883,646 Cambodia
136,000136,500134,320133,000127,450127,200 China
3,4003,4003,6704,0003,3403,276 Egypt
91,00095,00085,73091,09090,46686,700 India
38,85038,85038,00037,10036,35035,900 Indonesia
3,3503,3503,3503,3253,2973,294 Iran
8,1258,1258,2008,3268,1778,250 Japan
4,8004,8004,7604,7884,6704,887 Korea, South
5,5005,5005,2505,1504,5004,400 Nigeria
13,32513,32513,30013,10013,49912,000 Philippines
10,20010,20010,0009,5009,6009,780 Thailand
19,30019,50019,15019,00019,40018,775 Vietnam
53,11653,16852,08050,06248,50547,721 Others
442,994448,282434,281432,982424,182417,776 Subtotal
4,0104,0013,8613,9643,9193,959 United States
447,004452,283438,142436,946428,101421,735 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
43,99643,07940,89638,89938,01535,915 China
21,60018,00020,50019,00013,00011,430 India
6,9776,9776,5777,0575,6074,607 Indonesia
2,7882,7882,6932,7152,5562,406 Japan
2,2302,2303,3454,6734,4184,868 Philippines
6,7976,7976,3474,7872,7072,510 Thailand
1,7391,7391,4561,9612,0181,392 Vietnam
11,02610,62811,29311,43411,04510,395 Others
97,15392,23893,10790,52679,36673,523 Subtotal
1,6221,6161,1549609181,234 United States
98,77593,85494,26191,48680,28474,757 World Total
Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.
March 2011
Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
1,643 North America 1,594 1,614 1,492 1,605 1,605
1,015 Caribbean 1,028 906 970 985 985
1,086 South America 1,105 1,113 1,373 1,320 1,315
137 Other Europe 98 126 120 120 120
368 Former Soviet Union - 12 361 412 427 340 390
4,778 Middle East 5,646 5,505 5,496 5,760 5,560
355 North Africa 275 155 320 320 320
7,844 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,559 7,908 7,948 8,255 8,165
2,318 East Asia 1,612 1,874 1,956 1,940 2,010
1,946 South Asia 2,197 517 1,125 890 1,090
5,749 Southeast Asia 4,640 4,528 5,660 5,545 5,545
2,205 Others 2,428 2,175 2,080 2,110 2,110
29,444 Total 28,543 26,833 28,967 29,190 29,215
Production none
6,266 North America 6,327 6,556 7,095 7,593 7,621
798 Caribbean 796 882 984 1,010 1,010
14,220 South America 15,461 16,214 14,984 16,046 16,381
1,676 European Union 1,757 1,620 1,995 2,020 2,020
980 Former Soviet Union - 12 988 906 1,095 1,220 1,223
2,282 Middle East 2,410 2,085 2,473 2,580 2,580
4,413 North Africa 4,406 4,423 4,335 3,140 3,140
9,397 Sub-Saharan Africa 9,580 10,988 11,959 12,432 12,432
142,661 East Asia 145,044 150,087 152,218 154,138 154,138
133,111 South Asia 136,570 142,432 132,815 137,975 137,475
103,778 Southeast Asia 109,723 111,270 110,170 112,204 112,204
695 Others 566 685 794 1,294 1,294
420,277 Total 433,628 448,148 440,917 451,652 451,518
Domestic Consumption none
5,088 North America 5,007 5,054 4,999 5,161 5,170
1,118 Central America 1,104 1,125 1,129 1,146 1,146
1,879 Caribbean 1,944 1,831 1,914 2,003 2,003
13,963 South America 14,199 14,536 14,704 14,736 14,706
2,911 European Union 3,185 2,925 3,000 3,050 3,050
1,329 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,302 1,244 1,321 1,390 1,413
7,308 Middle East 7,548 7,832 8,016 7,975 7,990
3,546 North Africa 3,636 4,133 4,035 3,745 3,745
17,118 Sub-Saharan Africa 17,502 18,385 19,642 20,633 20,523
144,289 East Asia 143,315 149,571 150,762 152,840 152,340
124,366 South Asia 129,767 131,416 126,408 137,005 133,255
94,993 Southeast Asia 97,134 96,650 98,812 100,710 100,510
714 Others 664 521 594 615 615
418,622 Total 426,307 435,223 435,336 451,009 446,466
Ending Stocks none
1,377 North America 1,111 1,126 1,325 1,767 1,773
272 Central America 265 200 220 225 225
178 Caribbean 134 109 129 146 146
1,924 South America 1,744 2,234 1,640 1,610 1,613
1,138 European Union 1,126 1,020 1,029 1,169 1,169
1,719 Middle East 2,044 1,771 1,683 1,807 1,727
370 North Africa 685 557 499 179 179
1,021 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,341 975 950 990 949
39,317 East Asia 41,537 42,832 45,377 47,472 48,389
12,636 South Asia 14,306 21,393 22,432 19,532 23,332
14,426 Southeast Asia 15,780 19,119 18,803 18,701 19,001
230 Oceania 52 26 44 97 97
149 Others 159 124 130 159 175
74,757 Total 80,284 91,486 94,261 93,854 98,775
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011
14
COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE OVERVIEW Global coarse grain trade is virtually unchanged this month as increased corn trade is offset by a decrease in barley. Corn production changes resulted in greater Mexican imports and stronger Brazilian exports. U.S. coarse grain exports and imports are unchanged this month. MONTHLY HIGHLIGHT Brazil’s corn exports are boosted this month to a record 10.0 million tons (Oct-Sep basis), aided by high international prices and strong U.S. soybean exports that have tied up port capacity. As Brazil’s soybean export program begins to ramp up, its corn shipments are expected to slow down seasonally. Plantings for the crucial winter-crop (safrinha) are running behind, so it remains to be seen how much competition U.S. corn will face in the 2011/12 trade year starting next October. Nonetheless, after shipping over 7.5 million tons from October 2010 through February 2011, Brazil will easily reach the record forecast this year. PRICES Domestic: Through the end of February, U.S. corn export price movement has been choppy, rising $30/ton to $311/ton on growing concerns about tight U.S. supplies. However, early March prices show a retreat of nearly $11/ton. While Argentine corn had been selling at a premium, it has now shifted to a seasonal discount to U.S. corn. Following Brazil’s aggressive export program, soybeans are expected to utilize port capacity so corn prices are unquoted.
TMT TMT
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
$/M
T
Corn Weekly Export Bids
U.S. Gulf Argentina Up River Brazil Paranagua
TMT TMT
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Mill
ion
Met
ric T
ons
Brazilian Corn Exports (Oct-Feb)
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011
15
TRADE CHANGES IN 2010/11 Selected Exporters
• Brazilian corn is raised 1.0 million tons to a record 10.0 million based on unprecedented shipments from October to February.
• EU barley is cut 300,000 tons to 4.6 million on slow Russian demand and tight supplies
of malting barley (Russian barley is halved to 300,000 tons).
• Ukrainian barley is down 800,000 tons to 3.2 million on continued export restrictions as well as weaker demand from Saudi Arabia.
• Australian sorghum is up 200,000 tons to 1.0 million on greater exportable supplies.
Selected Importers
• EU corn is boosted 1.0 million tons again this month to 6.5 million, and sorghum is raised 200,000 tons to 700,000 based on the strong pace of import licenses and tight domestic feed grain supplies.
• Kenyan corn is down 250,000 tons to 50,000 as a result of ample supplies.
• Mexican corn is raised 1.1 million tons to 9.0 million due to crop damage from the recent freeze (consequently, exports are cut 200,000 tons to 100,000).
• Russian corn is halved to 500,000 tons on weaker-than-expected feed grain demand.
• Chinese barley is down 200,000 tons to 1.9 million based on the slow pace of shipments and tight global supplies of malting barley.
• Saudi Arabian barley is cut 600,000 tons to 6.7 million based on slow trade and the
Saudi government’s efforts to limit barley imports (and subsidies).
March 2011
World Coarse Grain Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
15,50515,50519,02810,24117,78617,191 Argentina
5,6605,4604,4174,8733,8951,995 Australia
10,0059,0058,6277,1878,0328,188 Brazil
3,7253,7253,0683,8526,3793,787 Canada
6,0056,3054,2674,3384,6795,463 EU-27
2,6502,6502,0752,6425,539721 India
1,4051,4051,3931,8641,4731,981 Paraguay
1,7151,7151,3581,478132863 Serbia
2,5402,5401,6262,1591,145462 South Africa
8,8059,60510,93611,3805,9093,942 Ukraine
4,8705,0858,3039,1015,59210,968 Others
62,88563,00065,09859,11560,56155,561 Subtotal
54,05054,05054,16451,55868,28959,157 United States
116,935117,050119,262110,673128,850114,718 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,4002,4002,6062,0672,4332,588 Algeria
1,3051,3051,0651,4971,2581,472 Brazil
1,6651,6652,0111,9003,1872,285 Canada
1,3501,3501,2751,3171,9691,766 Chile
2,9753,1753,7771,6511,1571,156 China
4,0604,0604,0983,4833,6033,714 Colombia
1,0501,0501,0009731,0741,212 Dominican Republic
5,4305,4305,8855,0934,1824,845 Egypt
7,3656,1653,0122,98819,8928,854 EU-27
1,1001,1001,3003172941,069 Indonesia
3,6003,6005,1005,0003,9003,600 Iran
1,8101,8101,5921,2951,7761,684 Israel
19,17519,17519,19819,61119,21019,668 Japan
8,0608,0608,5097,2489,3588,797 Korea, South
2,8002,8002,8002,4473,1812,363 Malaysia
11,55010,45010,91410,46511,01111,040 Mexico
2,0302,0302,1051,8382,1852,150 Morocco
1,7451,7451,7421,3981,5921,646 Peru
1,1001,9006390524353 Russia
8,6059,1059,1779,1869,9687,578 Saudi Arabia
2,8002,8002,2502,8342,5612,079 Syria
4,8504,8504,6714,6584,6844,403 Taiwan
1,0001,0001,2028751,1821,519 Tunisia
1,4001,4002,2001,3401,103534 Venezuela
1,3001,3001,6001,250700650 Vietnam
12,19112,44113,79414,76814,80513,825 Others
112,716112,166112,946105,589126,789110,850 Subtotal
1,9942,6594,0372,277-1,5491,262 Unaccounted
2,2252,2252,2792,8073,6102,606 United States
116,935117,050119,262110,673128,850114,718 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
March 2011
World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Production
28,50928,50928,03119,63427,11827,094 Argentina
13,40713,90711,09612,27212,8956,583 Australia
55,34153,34158,41253,48660,52053,216 Brazil
22,06522,06522,47727,18427,84123,145 Canada
174,020174,020164,060172,410158,863159,119 China
8,0608,0607,8827,7057,2347,209 Egypt
8,9258,9258,0469,0348,3027,928 Ethiopia
139,143139,143154,151161,521136,123137,421 EU-27
40,35041,60033,89039,55040,63033,810 India
30,02932,02927,27232,25230,57729,181 Mexico
28,10028,10027,95926,67024,00026,000 Nigeria
16,38016,38031,81540,70029,32530,200 Russia
12,99312,99313,88113,08413,6907,760 South Africa
10,09510,09511,09510,4159,48010,896 Turkey
21,41521,46524,12026,22014,58519,175 Ukraine
140,596140,605134,415132,131128,052128,779 Others
749,428751,237758,602784,268729,235707,516 Subtotal
330,230330,230348,755325,867349,861279,998 United States
1,079,6581,081,4671,107,3571,110,1351,079,096987,514 World Total
none
Domestic Consumption
11,00911,00910,1248,7689,5679,694 Argentina
51,14851,14849,73948,19144,60543,312 Brazil
21,94221,94222,21622,89224,02324,502 Canada
170,200170,300167,350160,100156,783153,496 China
13,69513,69513,57212,16211,47711,800 Egypt
153,455152,255149,680151,455154,155147,977 EU-27
37,55038,85031,95036,50035,50032,520 India
19,37519,37519,39519,96519,46019,823 Japan
41,29541,59540,88542,06040,23539,920 Mexico
28,15028,15027,75026,55024,00025,750 Nigeria
18,68019,53030,69032,90028,77528,450 Russia
9,6259,6259,5259,3509,4558,660 Saudi Arabia
11,27311,27310,92810,46810,1439,153 South Africa
10,60510,60510,80010,60510,60011,610 Turkey
13,39012,91512,81513,69511,93513,150 Ukraine
202,762203,142195,890195,517190,644185,278 Others
813,695816,959811,207803,761781,633769,707 Subtotal
306,215306,215295,160275,978274,533242,798 United States
1,119,9101,123,1741,106,3671,079,7391,056,1661,012,505 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
2,4942,8442,7643,2912,6741,213 Australia
9,1667,56610,47312,45012,7033,760 Brazil
3,7133,7135,6506,3264,0103,501 Canada
60,95161,05154,42654,14440,40438,020 China
12,63512,33525,28720,76412,82715,193 EU-27
2,3242,3242,7242,1742,3243,284 Iran
4,6554,6555,3454,3273,2661,776 South Africa
38,13738,84340,32743,60340,47637,892 Others
134,075133,331146,996147,079118,684104,639 Subtotal
20,80220,75848,13347,06045,05936,174 United States
154,877154,089195,129194,139163,743140,813 World Total
March 2011
Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
15,931 North America 17,808 15,172 15,204 14,340 15,440
2,906 Central America 2,681 2,491 2,750 2,775 2,775
2,227 Caribbean 2,239 2,011 2,086 2,200 2,200
10,181 South America 10,672 10,079 11,464 10,705 10,705
8,854 European Union 19,892 2,988 3,012 6,165 7,365
952 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,037 599 426 2,270 1,470
18,703 Middle East 21,876 21,247 21,243 20,000 19,500
11,671 North Africa 10,762 10,597 12,930 11,685 11,685
2,502 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,804 3,705 2,672 2,025 1,775
34,135 East Asia 34,662 33,349 36,285 35,440 35,240
4,394 Southeast Asia 4,746 5,405 6,373 6,035 6,035
1,000 Others 1,220 753 780 751 751
113,456 Total 130,399 108,396 115,225 114,391 114,941
Production none
332,324 North America 408,279 385,303 398,504 384,324 382,324
92,229 South America 99,917 84,977 98,002 93,965 95,965
137,421 European Union 136,123 161,521 154,151 139,143 139,143
11,568 Other Europe 9,370 12,357 11,800 12,190 12,190
58,876 Former Soviet Union - 12 54,301 78,926 68,128 47,686 47,627
19,586 Middle East 17,658 15,950 18,057 19,277 19,277
11,211 North Africa 9,894 10,219 15,423 12,932 12,932
87,260 Sub-Saharan Africa 90,587 95,690 95,361 100,821 100,821
161,420 East Asia 161,053 174,579 165,930 176,145 176,145
40,139 South Asia 47,035 45,688 40,298 47,883 46,633
24,271 Southeast Asia 26,882 27,715 25,808 28,245 28,245
7,230 Oceania 13,542 12,919 11,743 14,554 14,054
3,979 Others 4,455 4,291 4,152 4,302 4,302
987,514 Total 1,079,096 1,110,135 1,107,357 1,081,467 1,079,658
Domestic Consumption none
307,220 North America 338,791 340,930 358,261 369,752 369,452
71,054 South America 74,022 76,055 79,530 82,237 82,287
147,977 European Union 154,155 151,455 149,680 152,255 153,455
11,532 Other Europe 10,423 10,895 10,731 10,316 10,316
51,175 Former Soviet Union - 12 50,746 58,401 55,279 42,586 42,281
37,684 Middle East 38,289 37,952 37,885 38,813 38,813
22,013 North Africa 21,147 21,192 24,884 25,760 25,760
88,327 Sub-Saharan Africa 88,121 95,624 94,428 99,508 99,408
188,986 East Asia 191,632 194,849 201,726 204,769 204,619
38,847 South Asia 42,108 42,672 38,430 45,213 43,913
27,142 Southeast Asia 29,476 30,281 30,945 32,395 32,395
6,885 Oceania 7,666 7,897 7,727 8,807 8,457
9,051 Others 9,314 8,953 8,963 9,213 9,213
1,007,893 Total 1,055,890 1,077,156 1,098,469 1,121,624 1,120,369
Ending Stocks none
43,201 North America 53,809 58,625 55,724 26,996 26,640
9,544 South America 19,466 16,612 14,569 11,927 13,527
15,193 European Union 12,827 20,764 25,287 12,335 12,635
1,523 Other Europe 1,340 1,520 1,677 2,367 2,367
5,265 Former Soviet Union - 12 4,576 8,650 6,862 3,998 4,200
8,541 Middle East 7,689 7,536 8,082 7,659 7,381
3,187 North Africa 2,443 2,743 5,572 4,529 4,529
5,906 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,595 9,165 10,283 10,292 10,111
41,820 East Asia 44,975 57,883 58,167 64,742 64,663
1,569 South Asia 1,749 2,016 1,785 1,992 1,922
2,778 Southeast Asia 3,475 4,447 3,458 3,458 3,458
1,301 Oceania 2,737 3,342 2,817 2,899 2,549
985 Others 1,062 836 846 895 895
140,813 Total 163,743 194,139 195,129 154,089 154,877
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
World Corn Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
13,00013,00016,9718,45815,67615,693 Argentina
10,0009,0008,6237,1787,8838,071 Brazil
1,0001,000184366944322 Canada
1,0001,0001,5191,743591664 EU-27
2,5002,5001,8502,5515,077582 India
1,4001,4001,3881,8621,4611,981 Paraguay
1,7001,7001,3431,467128854 Serbia
2,5002,5001,5862,1111,124431 South Africa
7007001,000786646442 Thailand
5,5005,5005,0725,4972,0741,027 Ukraine
2,7953,0103,7494,1762,0097,197 Others
42,09541,31043,28536,19537,61337,264 Subtotal
50,00050,00049,88747,75860,66354,214 United States
92,09591,31093,17283,95398,27691,478 World Total
none
TY Imports
2,4002,4002,6001,9032,1662,463 Algeria
8008006971,0929611,204 Brazil
1,6001,6001,9611,8443,1172,226 Canada
7507506638391,6281,508 Chile
1,0001,0001,296474116 China
3,6003,6003,6513,0683,2673,386 Colombia
700700700586674672 Costa Rica
800800736708811646 Cuba
1,0501,0501,0009731,0741,212 Dominican Republic
5,4005,4005,8325,0314,1514,826 Egypt
6,5005,5002,9312,75414,0167,172 EU-27
1,1001,1001,3003172941,069 Indonesia
3,2003,2004,3003,6002,9003,300 Iran
1,3501,3501,0538461,3741,311 Israel
16,10016,10015,97916,53316,61416,713 Japan
8,0008,0008,4617,1889,3118,731 Korea, South
2,8002,8002,8002,4473,1812,363 Malaysia
9,0007,9008,2987,7649,5568,944 Mexico
1,8001,8001,7001,5661,8581,683 Morocco
1,6001,6001,6491,3071,4691,528 Peru
1,9001,8001,8721,4821,9611,577 Saudi Arabia
2,0002,0002,0001,7841,6611,729 Syria
4,7004,7004,5214,5324,5274,283 Taiwan
1,4001,4002,2001,3361,103534 Venezuela
1,3001,3001,6001,250700650 Vietnam
9,2459,9959,97611,40511,17910,544 Others
90,09588,64589,77682,20299,59490,290 Subtotal
1,5002,1653,1591,414-1,819869 Unaccounted
500500237337501319 United States
92,09591,31093,17283,95398,27691,478 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
The large, negative Unaccounted in 2007/08 arises largely from timing differences between declared exports and Japan's and Korea's
declared imports.
March 2011
World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Production
22,00022,00022,80015,50022,01722,500 Argentina
53,00051,00056,10051,00058,60051,000 Brazil
11,71411,7149,56110,59211,6498,990 Canada
168,000168,000158,000165,900152,300151,600 China
7,0007,0006,8226,6456,1746,149 Egypt
55,19355,19357,14762,32147,55553,829 EU-27
20,50021,00016,72019,73018,96015,100 India
8,0008,0006,9008,7008,5007,850 Indonesia
22,00024,00020,37424,22623,60022,350 Mexico
8,7008,7008,7597,9706,5007,800 Nigeria
7,0007,0006,2316,8537,2776,231 Philippines
6,8006,8006,4006,1304,0546,415 Serbia
12,50012,50013,42012,56713,1647,300 South Africa
11,90011,90010,50011,4007,4006,400 Ukraine
5,5005,5005,2804,4324,6004,251 Vietnam
77,80677,78474,81577,30670,23468,297 Others
497,613498,091479,829491,272462,584446,062 Subtotal
316,165316,165332,549307,142331,177267,503 United States
813,778814,256812,378798,414793,761713,565 World Total
none
Total Consumption
7,3007,3006,9006,4007,0006,700 Argentina
48,30048,30047,00045,50042,50041,000 Brazil
12,30012,30011,60611,68713,76911,442 Canada
162,000162,000159,000152,000149,000145,000 China
12,60012,60012,50011,10010,40010,700 Egypt
60,50059,50060,00061,60064,00062,400 EU-27
18,00018,30015,10017,00014,20013,900 India
9,1009,1009,0008,9008,5008,100 Indonesia
16,10016,10016,00016,70016,60016,500 Japan
8,1008,1008,4127,8948,6388,833 Korea, South
30,80031,10030,20032,40032,00030,700 Mexico
8,8008,8008,6007,9006,5507,600 Nigeria
6,9006,9006,5007,3007,1506,550 Philippines
10,70010,70010,4009,9009,6008,600 South Africa
6,6006,6006,3005,4005,2004,900 Vietnam
124,476124,926119,617119,067115,653110,983 Others
541,800543,515534,235522,674510,896497,420 Subtotal
293,384293,384281,423259,272261,632230,674 United States
835,184836,899815,658781,946772,528728,094 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
8,8347,23410,13412,08412,5793,592 Brazil
1,7721,7721,7581,8331,4571,337 Canada
60,11460,11453,31453,16939,39436,602 China
4,9014,9014,7086,1494,4177,437 EU-27
1,5721,5721,5921,4662,0791,322 Korea, South
1,7211,7211,021664684855 Serbia
4,4834,4835,1584,1133,0901,661 South Africa
22,60423,57923,47925,84226,40124,203 Others
106,001105,376101,164105,32090,10177,009 Subtotal
17,13717,13743,38042,50441,25533,114 United States
123,138122,513144,544147,824131,356110,123 World Total
March 2011
Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
11,489 North America 13,174 9,945 10,496 10,000 11,100
2,906 Central America 2,678 2,491 2,750 2,775 2,775
9,141 South America 9,459 8,545 9,790 8,940 8,940
7,172 European Union 14,016 2,754 2,931 5,500 6,500
501 Former Soviet Union - 12 651 393 232 1,180 680
10,245 Middle East 10,116 9,462 11,102 10,025 10,125
10,136 North Africa 9,593 9,574 11,548 10,675 10,675
1,921 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,969 2,955 1,850 1,355 1,105
29,854 East Asia 30,746 28,481 30,387 29,980 29,980
4,385 Southeast Asia 4,715 5,391 6,363 6,030 6,030
2,227 Caribbean 2,239 2,011 2,086 2,200 2,200
632 Others 739 537 478 485 485
90,609 Total 100,095 82,539 90,013 89,145 90,595
Production none
298,843 North America 366,426 341,960 362,484 351,879 349,879
83,335 South America 90,887 76,109 88,464 82,900 84,900
53,829 European Union 47,555 62,321 57,147 55,193 55,193
9,350 Other Europe 7,239 9,965 9,685 10,135 10,135
12,985 Former Soviet Union - 12 14,039 21,817 18,042 18,540 18,562
5,663 Middle East 5,220 6,248 6,229 6,004 6,004
6,351 North Africa 6,376 6,847 7,024 7,202 7,202
41,527 Sub-Saharan Africa 46,771 48,911 52,265 54,302 54,302
153,453 East Asia 154,009 167,566 159,405 169,659 169,659
20,234 South Asia 24,090 24,780 21,840 26,070 25,570
2,890 Central America 3,285 3,222 3,041 3,188 3,188
24,055 Southeast Asia 26,659 27,485 25,573 28,005 28,005
1,050 Others 1,205 1,183 1,179 1,179 1,179
713,565 Total 793,761 798,414 812,378 814,256 813,778
Domestic Consumption none
272,816 North America 307,401 303,359 323,229 336,784 336,484
63,147 South America 66,412 67,604 70,155 72,305 72,305
62,400 European Union 64,000 61,600 60,000 59,500 60,500
8,995 Other Europe 7,766 8,351 8,295 8,060 8,060
12,274 Former Soviet Union - 12 13,120 14,905 12,915 14,160 13,760
14,640 Middle East 15,800 15,635 16,425 16,800 16,900
16,050 North Africa 15,750 16,125 18,050 18,275 18,275
42,550 Sub-Saharan Africa 43,554 48,298 49,977 52,546 52,446
176,719 East Asia 180,503 183,015 189,492 192,705 192,655
19,029 South Asia 19,531 22,050 20,270 23,420 23,120
26,922 Southeast Asia 29,249 30,043 30,725 32,175 32,175
5,850 Central America 5,900 5,800 5,800 5,950 5,950
3,190 Others 3,406 3,235 3,225 3,330 3,330
724,582 Total 772,392 780,020 808,558 836,010 835,960
Ending Stocks none
37,535 North America 46,843 47,896 46,527 20,798 20,398
8,457 South America 18,050 15,292 13,499 10,514 12,114
7,437 European Union 4,417 6,149 4,708 4,901 4,901
1,156 Other Europe 1,026 1,184 1,398 2,073 2,073
1,734 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,139 1,580 1,338 1,292 1,215
3,618 Middle East 3,168 3,085 3,730 2,877 2,899
1,591 North Africa 1,583 2,202 2,379 2,071 2,071
4,039 Sub-Saharan Africa 5,918 7,397 9,140 9,022 8,841
39,745 East Asia 43,373 56,283 56,432 63,195 63,216
1,025 South Asia 1,276 1,437 1,062 1,407 1,047
2,776 Southeast Asia 3,475 4,446 3,457 3,457 3,457
684 Central America 765 613 589 587 587
326 Others 323 260 285 319 319
110,123 Total 131,356 147,824 144,544 122,513 123,138
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
World Barley Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
50500000 Algeria
1,1001,100549871937537 Argentina
4,5004,5003,8463,2783,3771,927 Australia
1,3001,3001,2031,6182,9471,337 Canada
202013178149 China
557433 Croatia
55147671 Egypt
4,6004,9002,3892,3743,8884,366 EU-27
10010010037371131 India
200200354314806606 Kazakhstan
25254331934 Moldova
2502502,0863,5981,2771,691 Russia
1515151149 Serbia
40040080130345 Turkey
3,2004,0005,7525,8713,8142,911 Ukraine
10101321112166 Others
15,78016,88017,18518,05517,69314,113 Subtotal
200200151158901528 United States
15,98017,08017,33618,21318,59414,641 World Total
none
TY Imports
500500364403285267 Brazil
1,9002,1002,3411,5511,0911,127 China
250250237211256243 Colombia
15015066156519167 EU-27
4004008001,4001,000300 Iran
350350490367251224 Israel
1,3501,3501,4111,3461,3611,359 Japan
400400432514528804 Jordan
200200283252254217 Kuwait
35035058229616658 Libya
200200256263313462 Morocco
3006001339179229 Russia
6,7007,3007,3007,7008,0006,000 Saudi Arabia
8008002501,050900350 Syria
400400336229378866 Tunisia
1,2851,2851,3991,4912,0271,433 Others
15,53516,63516,56017,26817,50814,106 Subtotal
245245474373374181 Unaccounted
200200302572712354 United States
15,98017,08017,33618,21318,59414,641 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
March 2011
World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Production
1,5001,5002,400560950700 Algeria
2,3002,3001,3562,1101,6001,330 Argentina
9,3009,8007,9097,9977,1604,257 Australia
1,4001,4001,6502,2001,7001,350 Belarus
7,6057,6059,51711,78110,9849,573 Canada
2,4002,4002,5002,8232,7853,115 China
1,4001,4001,5691,4841,3551,352 Ethiopia
53,39853,39861,98065,50957,54556,220 EU-27
1,3501,3001,6901,2001,3301,220 India
3,1003,1002,6002,0003,0002,956 Iran
2,6002,6003,8001,2727632,535 Morocco
8,3008,30017,90023,10015,65018,100 Russia
1,6751,675850260785700 Syria
5,9005,9006,5005,7006,0007,500 Turkey
8,5008,50011,80012,6006,00011,350 Ukraine
9,5279,55810,6349,77310,68910,266 Others
120,255120,736144,655150,369128,296132,524 Subtotal
3,9253,9254,9495,2304,5753,923 United States
124,180124,661149,604155,599132,871136,447 World Total
none
Total Consumption
1,4501,4501,3501,1001,100950 Algeria
4,7005,0004,5004,0003,1004,000 Australia
1,5501,5501,7002,2001,7501,600 Belarus
7,6007,6008,5049,0657,91610,190 Canada
4,5004,6004,5004,2003,9004,200 China
1,4001,4001,5501,5001,3501,350 Ethiopia
59,50059,50056,50057,00054,20055,700 EU-27
3,4003,4003,4003,9003,6003,400 Iran
1,5501,5501,6001,5501,6001,650 Japan
3,2003,2002,8001,7001,8002,500 Morocco
9,4509,80016,80017,10015,05016,400 Russia
7,4257,5257,4257,4257,4306,810 Saudi Arabia
1,4501,4501,1501,8001,0001,150 Syria
5,8005,8005,9005,7006,1007,300 Turkey
5,7005,2005,7005,9005,0006,300 Ukraine
15,27315,30316,07414,70015,08814,694 Others
134,047134,721139,597139,548129,700138,623 Subtotal
4,4644,4644,6045,1274,3244,596 United States
138,511139,185144,201144,675134,024143,219 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
1,2581,2581,258184333462 Algeria
1,8192,0191,9192,4251,662988 Australia
1,3381,3382,5832,8431,5681,491 Canada
5,1114,81115,36310,9165,7055,824 EU-27
9709701,370114214903 Morocco
1,6531,9532,0782,2032,4282,458 Saudi Arabia
943943418468258323 Syria
7,0166,7628,9559,9716,4797,336 Others
20,10820,05433,94429,12418,64719,785 Subtotal
2,0201,9762,5151,9321,4851,500 United States
22,12822,03036,45931,05620,13221,285 World Total
March 2011
Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
476 North America 933 737 373 300 300
723 South America 751 837 840 950 950
167 European Union 519 156 66 150 150
220 Other Europe 207 84 156 130 130
429 Former Soviet Union - 12 379 204 192 790 490
8,278 Middle East 11,572 11,681 10,082 9,850 9,250
1,521 North Africa 1,152 973 1,223 975 975
51 Sub-Saharan Africa 154 120 54 85 85
2,595 East Asia 2,550 3,000 3,865 3,575 3,375
0 South Asia 3 48 11 30 30
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
14,460 Total 18,220 17,840 16,862 16,835 15,735
Production none
14,365 North America 16,212 17,822 14,966 12,311 12,311
2,350 South America 2,697 3,156 2,443 3,424 3,424
56,220 European Union 57,545 65,509 61,980 53,398 53,398
1,548 Other Europe 1,412 1,613 1,440 1,380 1,380
33,964 Former Soviet Union - 12 27,118 41,579 35,486 20,956 20,925
12,479 Middle East 10,926 8,443 10,480 11,905 11,905
3,835 North Africa 2,493 2,347 7,314 4,645 4,645
1,738 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,733 1,826 1,950 1,770 1,770
3,549 East Asia 3,240 3,300 2,939 2,840 2,840
1,742 South Asia 1,935 1,607 2,297 1,832 1,882
4,657 Oceania 7,560 8,397 8,309 10,200 9,700
136,447 Total 132,871 155,599 149,604 124,661 124,180
Domestic Consumption none
15,661 North America 13,040 15,042 13,858 12,814 12,814
2,332 South America 2,612 2,693 3,112 3,010 3,010
55,700 European Union 54,200 57,000 56,500 59,500 59,500
1,738 Other Europe 1,640 1,705 1,617 1,475 1,475
26,852 Former Soviet Union - 12 24,875 28,744 27,838 19,436 19,556
21,439 Middle East 20,841 20,895 20,048 20,535 20,435
4,925 North Africa 4,352 3,987 5,647 6,320 6,320
1,790 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,789 1,955 1,978 1,860 1,860
6,211 East Asia 5,854 6,109 6,480 6,530 6,430
1,742 South Asia 1,605 1,437 2,079 1,912 1,912
4,400 Oceania 3,500 4,400 4,900 5,400 5,100
142,790 Total 134,308 143,967 144,057 138,792 138,412
Ending Stocks none
3,208 North America 3,281 5,112 5,231 3,528 3,572
559 South America 410 716 514 778 778
5,824 European Union 5,705 10,916 15,363 4,811 5,111
321 Other Europe 279 282 233 248 248
2,762 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,508 5,441 3,958 2,023 2,327
4,858 Middle East 4,404 4,386 4,292 4,707 4,407
1,556 North Africa 818 511 3,153 2,413 2,413
174 Sub-Saharan Africa 214 204 233 223 223
920 East Asia 775 949 1,260 1,125 1,025
57 South Asia 40 78 267 119 169
1,046 Oceania 1,698 2,461 1,955 2,055 1,855
21,285 Total 20,132 31,056 36,459 22,030 22,128
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
World Sorghum Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
1,4001,4001,5079071,172959 Argentina
1,0008003501,36034025 Australia
50504132223144 China
505012554918 India
505050505050 Nigeria
404040482131 South Africa
25252592416 Thailand
25252736254171 Others
2,6402,4402,1652,4962,1751,404 Subtotal
3,8003,8004,0843,5986,6644,380 United States
6,4406,2406,2496,0948,8395,784 World Total
none
TY Imports
550550568404268189 Chile
2002002002026667 Colombia
100100150140300 Ethiopia
7005007665,2671,474 EU-27
100100397114478 Israel
1,6001,6001,6491,6291,0841,276 Japan
2,4002,4002,5282,4961,1561,954 Mexico
505050505050 Niger
300300400300300300 Sudan
757575728364 Taiwan
240240468257611217 Others
6,3156,1156,1345,6879,0595,669 Subtotal
125125115404-221113 Unaccounted
000312 United States
6,4406,2406,2496,0948,8395,784 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
March 2011
World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Production
3,8003,8003,6291,6602,9372,795 Argentina
2,2001,9501,6002,6903,7901,283 Australia
1,7091,7091,8542,0041,4411,605 Brazil
1,6001,6001,5221,8751,5071,516 Burkina
1,7001,7001,6501,8371,9202,183 China
900900900900900900 Egypt
2,6002,6002,0842,6192,6592,316 Ethiopia
617617615517525542 EU-27
6,8007,5006,7007,2507,9307,150 India
925925980930901770 Mali
7,1007,1006,2507,0676,2005,810 Mexico
9009007391,214930800 Niger
11,70011,70011,50011,00010,00010,500 Nigeria
4,2004,2002,6304,1924,5005,200 Sudan
850850710700900850 Tanzania
6,6326,6326,1716,3566,2106,398 Others
54,23354,68349,53452,81153,25050,618 Subtotal
8,7738,7739,72811,99812,6367,032 United States
63,00663,45659,26264,80965,88657,650 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,3002,3001,9001,1001,2001,700 Argentina
1,4051,2051,2051,8052,2051,205 Australia
1,7751,7751,8751,8751,3751,475 Brazil
1,6001,6001,5221,8751,5071,516 Burkina
1,7501,7501,9002,0002,0002,050 China
900900900950900900 Egypt
2,6002,6002,4002,7002,6002,300 Ethiopia
1,3051,1056309056,3051,280 EU-27
6,7007,5006,6007,2007,9007,100 India
1,6001,6001,6501,6001,1001,350 Japan
925925980930901770 Mali
9,5009,5009,7008,6007,2008,100 Mexico
9509508501,2001,000825 Niger
11,65011,65011,45010,9509,95010,450 Nigeria
4,5004,5003,4004,5005,0005,000 Sudan
8,5418,4918,1438,0758,1757,878 Others
58,03658,43655,61656,13759,36954,523 Subtotal
5,0805,0805,8498,3195,0814,012 United States
63,11663,51661,46564,45664,45058,535 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
323323223194746231 Argentina
46661667167679116 Australia
173173248456637928 China
206136156181183247 India
4144144141,336373217 Mexico
200200200200200200 Nigeria
304304309684697997 Sudan
9959958531,2081,005886 Others
3,0813,1613,0744,9354,6323,722 Subtotal
9319311,0481,3901,340814 United States
4,0124,0924,1226,3255,9724,536 World Total
March 2011
Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
1,956 North America 1,157 2,499 2,528 2,400 2,400
284 South America 432 665 807 785 785
1,474 European Union 5,267 66 7 500 700
0 Other Europe 142 0 25 25 25
79 Middle East 156 81 44 105 105
0 North Africa 11 45 154 30 30
517 Sub-Saharan Africa 663 597 747 560 560
1,349 East Asia 1,196 1,719 1,812 1,705 1,705
9 Southeast Asia 31 14 10 5 5
3 Others 5 4 0 0 0
5,671 Total 9,060 5,690 6,134 6,115 6,315
Production none
12,842 North America 18,836 19,065 15,978 15,873 15,873
323 Central America 396 298 326 329 329
128 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128
5,222 South America 5,102 4,719 6,153 6,441 6,441
542 European Union 525 517 615 617 617
758 Middle East 836 612 665 685 685
915 North Africa 915 915 915 915 915
26,088 Sub-Saharan Africa 25,280 26,553 24,307 27,093 27,093
2,191 East Asia 1,940 1,857 1,670 1,720 1,720
7,305 South Asia 8,081 7,395 6,845 7,645 6,945
53 Southeast Asia 57 60 60 60 60
1,283 Oceania 3,790 2,690 1,600 1,950 2,200
0 Others 0 0 0 0 0
57,650 Total 65,886 64,809 59,262 63,456 63,006
Domestic Consumption none
12,112 North America 12,281 16,919 15,549 14,580 14,580
323 Central America 375 315 325 325 325
128 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128
4,259 South America 3,793 4,766 5,312 5,742 5,792
1,280 European Union 6,305 905 630 1,105 1,305
834 Middle East 945 724 714 775 775
915 North Africa 924 965 1,012 990 990
26,065 Sub-Saharan Africa 25,965 26,941 25,614 27,421 27,421
3,475 East Asia 3,222 3,699 3,650 3,450 3,450
7,258 South Asia 8,053 7,349 6,745 7,645 6,845
57 Southeast Asia 61 68 45 40 40
1,205 Oceania 2,205 1,805 1,205 1,205 1,405
0 Others 142 0 25 25 25
57,911 Total 64,399 64,584 60,954 63,431 63,081
Ending Stocks none
1,031 North America 1,713 2,726 1,462 1,345 1,345
17 Central America 39 21 22 26 26
415 South America 880 491 456 525 525
14 European Union 71 34 18 25 25
32 Middle East 78 47 42 57 57
39 North Africa 41 29 39 44 44
1,681 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,443 1,541 886 1,023 1,023
1,042 East Asia 733 578 369 294 294
247 South Asia 183 181 156 136 206
16 Oceania 791 676 671 616 466
2 Others 0 1 1 1 1
4,536 Total 5,972 6,325 4,122 4,092 4,012
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
World Oats Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
551512 Argentina
15015021116117441 Australia
554942 Brazil
1,3001,3001,5391,7922,3211,921 Canada
252537311741 Chile
300300216103133119 EU-27
554274 Russia
551963316 Others
1,7951,7952,0312,1092,6902,146 Subtotal
454538385333 United States
1,8401,8402,0692,1472,7432,179 World Total
none
TY Imports
552211 Argentina
555234 Bosnia and Herzegovina
151521141718 Canada
50505739139 China
10101021418 Colombia
101010141514 Ecuador
552425 EU-27
606056466862 Japan
100100468213161 Mexico
555555 Morocco
10103484759 Norway
252521331813 South Africa
505051525651 Switzerland
55561112 Turkey
5551100 Uruguay
00031218 Others
360360330323413350 Subtotal
8080128378635 Unaccounted
1,4001,4001,6111,7872,2441,794 United States
1,8401,8402,0692,1472,7432,179 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
March 2011
World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Production
140140140808080 Algeria
350350182291472400 Argentina
1,5001,7501,1801,1601,502748 Australia
700700800600600550 Belarus
370370253239238406 Brazil
2,2982,2982,9064,2734,6963,852 Canada
360360381344384380 Chile
420420410300350400 China
7,5987,5988,5058,9358,6347,768 EU-27
160160204138230183 Kazakhstan
148148148148124152 Mexico
245245245328276248 Norway
3,2003,2005,4005,8005,4004,900 Russia
210210210200200210 Turkey
450500730950550700 Ukraine
475475475457457483 Others
18,62418,92422,16924,24324,19321,460 Subtotal
1,1781,1781,3511,2941,3131,357 United States
19,80220,10223,52025,53725,50622,817 World Total
none
Total Consumption
140140140808688 Algeria
350350200300450400 Argentina
1,3001,5509751,0351,335710 Australia
700700800600575550 Belarus
360360250225240400 Brazil
1,6751,6751,7531,7661,9352,280 Canada
325325350325350350 Chile
450450450350375425 China
7,7007,7008,1008,5008,6507,647 EU-27
160160210135215180 Kazakhstan
245245235210235245 Mexico
255255285320340303 Norway
3,4003,4005,6005,5005,3004,900 Russia
215215215215210210 Turkey
475500725925550675 Ukraine
643643638613631651 Others
18,49818,77320,97121,11821,79519,932 Subtotal
2,9892,9893,0112,9683,1613,179 United States
21,48721,76223,98224,08624,95623,111 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
7575758910078 Argentina
191191141147183197 Australia
757575757550 Belarus
5085081,1701,527950556 Canada
10310383667789 China
7537531,150972625795 EU-27
173173378581283186 Russia
168193183205170197 Others
2,0462,0713,2553,6622,4632,148 Subtotal
6906901,1661,221969734 United States
2,7362,7614,4214,8833,4322,882 World Total
March 2011
Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
1,873 North America 2,392 1,883 1,678 1,515 1,515
33 South America 30 32 27 30 30
5 European Union 2 4 2 5 5
114 Other Europe 108 62 90 65 65
6 Former Soviet Union - 12 7 0 0 0 0
12 Middle East 11 6 5 5 5
14 North Africa 6 5 5 5 5
13 Sub-Saharan Africa 18 33 21 25 25
71 East Asia 81 85 113 110 110
3 Oceania 2 0 0 0 0
2,144 Total 2,657 2,110 1,941 1,760 1,760
Production none
5,361 North America 6,133 5,715 4,405 3,624 3,624
1,234 South America 1,117 897 857 1,121 1,121
7,768 European Union 8,634 8,935 8,505 7,598 7,598
525 Other Europe 553 605 522 522 522
6,339 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,785 7,493 7,139 4,565 4,515
210 Middle East 200 200 210 210 210
110 North Africa 110 110 170 170 170
45 Sub-Saharan Africa 45 45 45 45 45
402 East Asia 352 302 412 422 422
823 Oceania 1,577 1,235 1,255 1,825 1,575
22,817 Total 25,506 25,537 23,520 20,102 19,802
Domestic Consumption none
5,704 North America 5,331 4,944 4,999 4,909 4,909
1,228 South America 1,091 896 866 1,101 1,101
7,647 European Union 8,650 8,500 8,100 7,700 7,700
635 Other Europe 680 647 622 587 587
6,311 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,645 7,165 7,340 4,765 4,740
210 Middle East 210 215 215 215 215
123 North Africa 121 115 175 175 175
60 Sub-Saharan Africa 55 75 65 70 70
490 East Asia 445 400 505 510 510
785 Oceania 1,410 1,110 1,050 1,625 1,375
23,193 Total 24,638 24,067 23,937 21,657 21,382
Ending Stocks none
1,298 North America 1,927 2,755 2,341 1,206 1,206
113 South America 126 113 100 110 110
795 European Union 625 972 1,150 753 753
45 Other Europe 34 53 45 45 45
325 Former Soviet Union - 12 429 749 529 319 294
3 Middle East 6 2 2 2 2
1 North Africa 1 1 1 1 1
12 Sub-Saharan Africa 20 23 24 24 24
93 East Asia 81 68 88 110 110
197 Oceania 183 147 141 191 191
2,882 Total 3,432 4,883 4,421 2,761 2,736
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
World Rye Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
TY Exports
25025050507550 Belarus
12512514276167207 Canada
10010013611459313 EU-27
10010093600 Ukraine
0011148964 Others
575575432260390634 Subtotal
554682 United States
580580436266398636 World Total
none
TY Imports
111222 Croatia
1010688836 EU-27
10101011771 Israel
65651035783258 Japan
555768 Korea, South
101014111122 Norway
30030000016 Russia
555444 Switzerland
55061418 Turkey
002300 Others
411411146109215435 Subtotal
4444161493164 Unaccounted
125125129108152137 United States
580580436266398636 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
March 2011
World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
Feb
2010/11
Mar
none
Production
1,2001,2001,7001,5001,3001,200 Belarus
216216280316252383 Canada
7,7477,7479,3889,2627,6796,541 EU-27
505075406830 Kazakhstan
1,6501,6504,3004,5003,9003,000 Russia
270270270250265271 Turkey
4504509501,050550600 Ukraine
171171182205218172 Others
11,75411,75417,14517,12314,23212,197 Subtotal
189189178203160183 United States
11,94311,94317,32317,32614,39212,380 World Total
none
Total Consumption
454555557755 Argentina
1,1001,1001,6001,4001,2001,200 Belarus
135135140152143243 Canada
8,7508,7508,9508,7507,3007,400 EU-27
6565906590258 Japan
505075406530 Kazakhstan
373740596142 Norway
2,1002,1004,3254,4003,7502,950 Russia
275275270275275285 Turkey
700700750800550800 Ukraine
120120121127122173 Others
13,45513,45516,51416,18113,68813,565 Subtotal
298298273292335337 United States
13,75313,75316,78716,47314,02313,902 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
168168318268218193 Belarus
959513912335117 Canada
6706701,7631,4241,017616 EU-27
18181851320 Japan
110110260297213182 Russia
161616163330 Turkey
80804533096565 Ukraine
777755 Others
1,1641,1642,9742,4491,5991,228 Subtotal
242424131012 United States
1,1881,1882,9982,4621,6091,240 World Total
March 2011
Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Feb
2010/11
Mar
2010/11
TY Imports none
137 North America 152 108 129 125 125
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
36 European Union 88 8 6 10 10
28 Other Europe 17 18 20 16 16
16 Former Soviet Union - 12 0 2 2 300 300
89 Middle East 21 17 10 15 15
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
266 East Asia 89 64 108 70 70
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
572 Total 367 217 275 536 536
Production none
566 North America 412 519 458 405 405
59 South America 84 63 61 50 50
6,541 European Union 7,679 9,262 9,388 7,747 7,747
90 Other Europe 111 119 98 98 98
4,830 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,818 7,090 7,025 3,350 3,350
271 Middle East 265 250 270 270 270
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
0 East Asia 0 0 0 0 0
20 Oceania 20 20 20 20 20
12,380 Total 14,392 17,326 17,323 11,943 11,943
Domestic Consumption none
580 North America 478 444 413 433 433
59 South America 84 63 61 50 50
7,400 European Union 7,300 8,750 8,950 8,750 8,750
109 Other Europe 140 137 117 114 114
4,980 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,565 6,640 6,750 3,950 3,950
356 Middle East 282 286 280 285 285
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
266 East Asia 96 72 95 70 70
20 Oceania 20 20 20 20 20
13,773 Total 13,968 16,415 16,689 13,675 13,675
Ending Stocks none
129 North America 45 136 163 119 119
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
616 European Union 1,017 1,424 1,763 670 670
1 Other Europe 1 1 1 1 1
444 Former Soviet Union - 12 500 880 1,037 364 364
30 Middle East 33 16 16 16 16
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
20 East Asia 13 5 18 18 18
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
1,240 Total 1,609 2,462 2,998 1,188 1,188
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported
using local marketing years.
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011
34
HISTORICAL DATA SERIES FOR SELECTED REGIONS AND COUNTRIES
CONTENTS
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand ............................................... 35 China: Grain Supply and Demand ................................................................ 36 Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand .................................................... 37 Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand ........................................ 38 Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 42 Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................... 44 Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ................................ 46 Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters ............................ 47
U.S. Grains: Supply and Distribution ........................................................... 48 Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ................................. 49 World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand ............................... 50 World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand .............................................. 51 World Rice: Supply and Demand ................................................................. 52
DG F/SA &F
March 2011
European Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
122.4 113.252.820.44.05.024.6 1999/00 16.3
131.7 118.456.315.73.55.026.5 2000/01 17.5
123.4 118.556.512.88.74.825.9 2001/02 18.3
132.6 125.060.018.110.75.026.4 2002/03 18.5
110.6 115.152.49.87.44.524.3 2003/04 11.5
146.9 123.259.214.77.15.726.0 2004/05 27.5
132.4 127.563.015.76.85.125.8 2005/06 23.4
124.9 125.560.213.85.25.124.5 2006/07 14.2
120.1 116.552.412.36.94.924.7 2007/08 12.4
151.1 127.060.525.37.75.726.7 2008/09 19.0
138.1 124.556.522.15.55.425.7 2009/10 15.9
136.1 122.053.021.04.55.325.9 2010/11 13.5
Coarse Grains
147.9 140.1105.813.42.94.433.6 1999/00 22.9
139.9 139.3105.19.34.14.233.0 2000/01 18.3
150.2 143.6107.86.73.94.533.6 2001/02 22.3
148.3 144.9109.37.64.44.532.7 2002/03 22.5
131.7 145.2109.64.28.24.032.7 2003/04 13.0
166.6 152.6116.54.93.05.033.5 2004/05 25.1
146.3 147.5109.44.42.84.532.6 2005/06 22.3
137.4 148.0110.44.78.14.331.8 2006/07 15.2
136.1 154.2118.94.620.34.232.0 2007/08 12.8
161.5 151.5113.65.63.44.833.5 2008/09 20.8
154.2 149.7111.73.03.04.832.4 2009/10 25.3
139.1 153.5115.05.77.44.630.3 2010/11 12.6
Wheat and Coarse Grains
270.4 253.4158.633.86.84.658.2 1999/00 39.2
271.6 257.7161.524.97.64.659.5 2000/01 35.8
273.6 262.0164.319.412.74.659.5 2001/02 40.6
280.9 269.9169.325.715.04.759.2 2002/03 41.0
242.3 260.3162.114.015.64.357.0 2003/04 24.5
313.5 275.8175.719.610.15.359.5 2004/05 52.6
278.6 275.1172.420.19.64.858.4 2005/06 45.7
262.3 273.5170.618.513.34.756.3 2006/07 29.4
256.3 270.7171.316.927.24.556.7 2007/08 25.3
312.6 278.5174.130.911.25.260.1 2008/09 39.7
292.2 274.2168.225.18.55.058.2 2009/10 41.2
275.2 275.5168.026.711.94.956.2 2010/11 26.1
March 2011
China: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
113.9 109.36.50.51.03.928.9 1999/00 102.9
99.6 110.310.00.60.23.726.7 2000/01 91.9
93.9 108.79.01.51.13.824.6 2001/02 76.6
90.3 105.26.51.70.43.823.9 2002/03 60.4
86.5 104.56.02.83.73.922.0 2003/04 43.3
92.0 102.04.01.26.74.321.6 2004/05 38.8
97.4 101.53.51.41.04.322.8 2005/06 34.4
108.5 102.04.02.80.44.623.6 2006/07 38.5
109.3 106.08.02.80.04.623.7 2007/08 39.0
112.5 105.58.00.70.54.823.6 2008/09 45.7
115.1 107.010.00.91.44.724.3 2009/10 54.3
114.5 108.812.01.01.04.724.3 2010/11 60.0
Coarse Grains
137.2 128.892.710.02.34.629.6 1999/00 124.2
114.0 130.494.47.32.44.326.5 2000/01 102.8
122.4 133.096.38.62.04.527.3 2001/02 85.6
130.6 136.398.415.31.84.727.8 2002/03 66.5
124.0 138.399.17.71.54.626.8 2003/04 45.9
138.3 141.1100.37.62.14.928.0 2004/05 37.6
147.8 147.2103.33.82.35.128.8 2005/06 36.7
159.1 153.5104.85.51.25.130.9 2006/07 38.0
158.9 156.8105.60.91.25.031.8 2007/08 40.4
172.4 160.1107.60.21.75.332.2 2008/09 54.1
164.1 167.4112.60.23.84.933.5 2009/10 54.4
174.0 170.2113.40.33.05.233.7 2010/11 61.0
Wheat and Coarse Grains
251.1 238.199.210.53.44.358.4 1999/00 227.1
213.6 240.7104.47.92.64.053.1 2000/01 194.7
216.3 241.7105.310.13.14.252.0 2001/02 162.2
220.9 241.5104.917.12.24.351.7 2002/03 126.8
210.5 242.8105.110.55.34.348.8 2003/04 89.2
230.2 243.1104.38.88.84.649.6 2004/05 76.4
245.2 248.7106.85.23.34.751.6 2005/06 71.1
267.6 255.5108.88.21.54.954.5 2006/07 76.5
268.2 262.8113.63.71.24.855.5 2007/08 79.4
284.9 265.6115.60.92.15.155.8 2008/09 99.8
279.2 274.4122.61.15.24.857.7 2009/10 108.7
288.5 279.0125.41.34.05.058.0 2010/11 121.0
March 2011
Other Europe: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
4.2 5.70.70.11.53.31.3 1999/00 1.3
4.6 5.50.70.31.23.31.4 2000/01 1.4
4.9 5.90.90.61.83.41.4 2001/02 1.5
4.9 5.60.90.61.43.51.4 2002/03 1.5
3.9 5.40.70.11.53.11.2 2003/04 1.3
5.4 5.91.00.31.54.01.4 2004/05 2.0
4.2 5.80.90.21.53.71.1 2005/06 1.8
4.3 5.20.70.61.53.61.2 2006/07 1.8
4.4 5.50.80.81.93.71.2 2007/08 1.9
4.7 5.50.90.51.74.21.1 2008/09 2.2
4.6 5.40.80.81.73.81.2 2009/10 2.2
3.9 5.30.70.81.73.61.1 2010/11 1.7
Coarse Grains
12.2 12.511.20.30.64.42.8 1999/00 0.9
8.1 9.07.70.01.03.12.6 2000/01 1.0
10.9 11.19.80.20.84.12.7 2001/02 1.4
11.7 11.49.90.60.64.42.7 2002/03 1.8
9.2 10.89.50.10.83.52.7 2003/04 1.1
12.8 12.210.80.60.64.82.7 2004/05 1.6
12.7 12.010.71.40.74.82.7 2005/06 1.5
11.6 11.510.20.90.94.62.5 2006/07 1.5
9.4 10.49.10.11.03.62.6 2007/08 1.3
12.4 10.99.61.90.64.62.7 2008/09 1.5
11.8 10.79.31.60.74.82.4 2009/10 1.7
12.2 10.38.81.90.74.72.6 2010/11 2.4
Wheat and Coarse Grains
16.4 18.211.90.32.14.14.0 1999/00 2.3
12.7 14.58.40.32.23.24.0 2000/01 2.3
15.8 17.010.70.82.63.94.1 2001/02 2.9
16.6 17.010.81.22.04.14.1 2002/03 3.3
13.1 16.210.20.22.33.43.9 2003/04 2.4
18.2 18.111.80.92.14.54.0 2004/05 3.7
16.9 17.811.51.62.14.43.8 2005/06 3.3
15.9 16.810.91.52.44.33.7 2006/07 3.3
13.8 15.910.00.93.03.63.8 2007/08 3.2
17.1 16.410.52.42.34.53.8 2008/09 3.7
16.4 16.210.12.52.44.53.7 2009/10 3.9
16.0 15.69.52.72.44.43.6 2010/11 4.0
March 2011
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand
Wheat and Coarse Grains Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production Imports Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
85.6 72.421.116.05.01.846.5 2004/05 15.0
91.1 75.123.521.15.61.849.4 2005/06 15.5
84.9 72.621.622.65.91.845.9 2006/07 11.2
92.5 74.923.521.96.11.947.5 2007/08 13.0
115.4 76.324.737.76.52.251.7 2008/09 20.9
113.9 80.327.736.75.42.154.9 2009/10 23.2
81.0 82.530.513.75.71.652.0 2010/11 13.7
Coarse Grains
63.3 55.238.78.11.12.031.2 2004/05 7.6
55.7 50.734.78.61.12.028.4 2005/06 5.1
58.9 51.235.68.51.02.029.8 2006/07 5.3
54.3 50.735.25.31.01.929.3 2007/08 4.6
78.9 58.441.817.10.62.630.7 2008/09 8.7
68.1 55.339.615.00.42.329.2 2009/10 6.9
47.6 42.328.89.51.51.825.9 2010/11 4.2
March 2011
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Wheat)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
16.5 7.52.78.20.01.312.9 2007/08 2.6
12.5 7.52.75.70.10.913.5 2008/09 2.0
17.1 7.62.77.90.11.214.8 2009/10 3.7
9.7 6.62.15.00.10.714.5 2010/11 1.9
Russia
49.4 37.715.012.20.42.024.4 2007/08 4.0
63.7 38.916.218.40.22.426.7 2008/09 10.6
61.7 42.019.018.60.22.128.7 2009/10 11.9
41.5 46.023.04.00.51.626.6 2010/11 3.9
Ukraine
13.9 12.33.01.20.32.36.0 2007/08 2.1
25.9 11.92.913.00.13.77.1 2008/09 3.1
20.9 12.33.39.30.03.16.8 2009/10 2.4
16.9 11.62.84.00.12.76.3 2010/11 3.7
Uzbekistan
6.2 6.81.20.21.14.81.3 2007/08 1.4
6.0 7.11.30.21.44.41.4 2008/09 1.5
6.2 7.41.30.41.74.41.4 2009/10 1.6
6.5 7.51.30.51.34.61.4 2010/11 1.5
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
6.5 10.61.60.14.22.23.0 2007/08 3.0
7.3 10.91.60.44.72.33.1 2008/09 3.7
8.0 11.11.50.63.52.43.3 2009/10 3.6
6.4 10.81.40.23.82.03.2 2010/11 2.8
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
92.5 74.923.521.96.11.947.5 2007/08 13.0
115.4 76.324.737.76.52.251.7 2008/09 20.9
113.9 80.327.736.75.42.154.9 2009/10 23.2
81.0 82.530.513.75.71.652.0 2010/11 13.7
March 2011
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Barley)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
2.4 1.71.40.80.01.31.9 2007/08 0.3
2.1 1.91.60.30.11.02.1 2008/09 0.3
2.5 2.01.70.40.01.41.8 2009/10 0.5
1.3 1.31.00.20.00.81.6 2010/11 0.3
Russia
15.7 15.110.51.00.21.69.6 2007/08 1.0
23.1 17.112.33.40.12.49.6 2008/09 3.6
17.9 16.812.32.70.02.09.1 2009/10 2.1
8.3 9.55.60.30.31.27.2 2010/11 0.9
Ukraine
6.0 5.03.41.00.01.54.1 2007/08 0.8
12.6 5.94.36.40.03.04.2 2008/09 1.1
11.8 5.74.26.20.02.45.0 2009/10 1.0
8.5 5.74.23.00.02.04.3 2010/11 0.8
Uzbekistan
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2007/08 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2008/09 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2009/10 0.0
0.2 0.30.20.00.03.20.1 2010/11 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
2.8 2.92.00.00.12.21.3 2007/08 0.4
3.6 3.62.80.00.12.81.3 2008/09 0.4
3.0 3.12.30.00.12.51.2 2009/10 0.4
2.6 2.82.00.00.22.11.2 2010/11 0.3
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
27.1 24.917.52.90.41.616.9 2007/08 2.5
41.6 28.721.210.10.22.417.2 2008/09 5.4
35.5 27.820.79.30.22.117.2 2009/10 4.0
20.9 19.613.03.50.51.514.4 2010/11 2.3
March 2011
Millions of Tons/Hectares
Former Soviet Union: Grain Supply and Demand (Corn)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Former Soviet Union - 12
Kazakhstan
0.4 0.40.30.00.04.50.1 2007/08 0.0
0.4 0.40.30.00.04.30.1 2008/09 0.0
0.5 0.40.30.00.04.70.1 2009/10 0.0
0.3 0.30.20.00.03.10.1 2010/11 0.0
Russia
4.0 4.33.70.00.33.01.3 2007/08 0.2
6.6 5.24.51.30.14.01.7 2008/09 0.3
4.0 3.73.20.40.13.61.1 2009/10 0.2
3.1 3.63.10.00.53.01.0 2010/11 0.1
Ukraine
7.4 5.85.02.10.03.91.9 2007/08 0.7
11.4 5.95.15.50.04.82.4 2008/09 0.7
10.5 5.54.85.10.05.02.1 2009/10 0.7
11.9 6.45.75.50.04.52.7 2010/11 0.7
Uzbekistan
0.2 0.20.10.00.04.60.0 2007/08 0.0
0.2 0.20.20.00.04.60.0 2008/09 0.0
0.2 0.20.20.00.04.60.0 2009/10 0.0
0.2 0.20.20.00.04.60.0 2010/11 0.0
Other Former Soviet Union - 12
2.1 2.52.30.00.22.50.8 2007/08 0.3
3.2 3.33.00.10.33.90.8 2008/09 0.5
3.0 3.12.80.10.23.60.8 2009/10 0.4
3.1 3.33.00.10.23.90.8 2010/11 0.4
Total Former Soviet Union - 12
14.0 13.111.42.10.63.44.2 2007/08 1.1
21.8 14.913.06.90.44.35.0 2008/09 1.6
18.0 12.911.35.60.24.34.2 2009/10 1.3
18.6 13.812.15.60.74.04.6 2010/11 1.2
March 2011
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Wheat Competitors
Argentina
12.7 5.30.16.80.02.06.2 2002/03 1.3
15.1 5.40.19.50.02.56.0 2003/04 1.6
16.9 5.40.111.90.02.66.4 2004/05 1.3
13.8 5.10.09.60.02.55.5 2005/06 0.4
16.3 5.40.110.70.02.66.2 2006/07 0.6
18.6 5.70.111.20.02.86.6 2007/08 2.4
11.0 5.30.06.80.02.15.3 2008/09 1.3
11.0 5.80.05.10.03.03.7 2009/10 1.4
15.0 5.90.08.50.13.54.3 2010/11 2.1
Australia
10.1 6.13.49.10.30.911.1 2002/03 3.2
26.1 6.03.218.00.12.013.1 2003/04 5.4
21.9 6.03.214.70.11.613.4 2004/05 6.7
25.2 6.63.716.00.12.012.5 2005/06 9.4
10.8 7.64.78.70.10.911.8 2006/07 4.0
13.6 6.53.57.50.11.112.6 2007/08 3.7
21.4 6.93.814.70.11.613.5 2008/09 3.6
21.9 6.73.714.80.11.614.0 2009/10 4.1
26.0 9.05.913.50.11.913.4 2010/11 7.7
Canada
16.2 8.03.79.40.41.88.8 2002/03 5.7
23.0 7.23.115.80.22.310.2 2003/04 6.0
24.8 8.23.814.90.32.69.4 2004/05 7.9
25.7 8.23.816.00.32.79.4 2005/06 9.7
25.3 9.04.519.40.32.69.7 2006/07 6.9
20.1 6.82.216.10.42.38.6 2007/08 4.4
28.6 8.03.318.80.42.910.0 2008/09 6.5
26.8 7.02.319.00.42.89.6 2009/10 7.8
23.2 8.23.617.50.42.88.3 2010/11 5.7
Total Wheat Competitors
39.0 19.47.225.40.71.526.1 2002/03 10.2
64.3 18.56.443.30.32.229.2 2003/04 13.0
63.6 19.67.141.50.32.229.2 2004/05 15.9
64.7 19.97.541.70.42.427.3 2005/06 19.4
March 2011
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Wheat Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
52.4 21.99.338.90.41.927.7 2006/07 11.4
52.2 18.95.834.80.51.927.8 2007/08 10.4
61.0 20.27.140.30.52.128.8 2008/09 11.4
59.8 19.56.038.90.52.227.3 2009/10 13.3
64.2 23.19.539.50.62.525.9 2010/11 15.5
India
71.8 74.30.64.90.02.825.9 2002/03 15.7
65.1 68.30.65.70.02.624.9 2003/04 6.9
72.2 72.80.52.10.02.726.6 2004/05 4.1
68.6 70.00.30.80.02.626.5 2005/06 2.0
69.4 73.50.30.16.72.626.4 2006/07 4.5
75.8 76.40.20.02.02.728.0 2007/08 5.8
78.6 70.90.10.00.02.828.2 2008/09 13.4
80.7 78.20.10.10.32.927.8 2009/10 16.2
80.8 82.50.10.20.32.828.5 2010/11 14.6
Turkey
16.8 16.81.00.81.22.08.6 2002/03 1.4
16.8 16.81.00.81.12.08.6 2003/04 1.7
18.5 16.81.02.00.42.28.6 2004/05 1.8
18.5 16.10.43.20.12.28.6 2005/06 1.1
17.5 16.70.82.41.72.08.6 2006/07 1.3
15.5 16.80.81.72.22.07.7 2007/08 0.4
16.8 16.90.72.23.52.27.7 2008/09 1.5
18.5 17.10.84.43.22.47.8 2009/10 1.7
17.0 17.20.73.02.52.18.0 2010/11 1.0
March 2011
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
15.5 4.12.511.20.06.32.5 2002/03 0.8
15.0 4.42.810.90.06.42.3 2003/04 0.4
20.5 5.23.514.60.07.42.8 2004/05 1.1
15.8 6.24.49.50.16.52.4 2005/06 1.3
22.5 6.74.815.30.08.02.8 2006/07 1.8
22.0 7.05.114.80.16.53.4 2007/08 2.2
15.5 6.44.510.30.06.22.5 2008/09 1.0
22.8 6.95.016.50.38.42.7 2009/10 0.6
22.0 7.35.314.50.16.93.2 2010/11 0.9
China
121.3 125.996.015.20.04.924.6 2002/03 65.0
115.8 128.497.07.60.04.824.1 2003/04 44.9
130.3 131.098.07.60.05.125.4 2004/05 36.6
139.4 137.0101.03.70.15.326.4 2005/06 35.3
151.6 145.0104.05.30.05.328.5 2006/07 36.6
152.3 149.0105.00.50.05.229.5 2007/08 39.4
165.9 152.0107.00.20.05.629.9 2008/09 53.2
158.0 159.0112.00.21.35.131.2 2009/10 53.3
168.0 162.0113.00.21.05.331.5 2010/11 60.1
South Africa
9.7 8.54.01.10.42.73.7 2002/03 2.4
9.7 8.74.10.70.22.93.3 2003/04 3.0
11.7 9.75.02.10.43.63.2 2004/05 3.2
6.9 8.24.00.50.93.42.0 2005/06 2.3
7.3 8.64.40.51.12.52.9 2006/07 1.7
13.2 9.64.32.20.04.03.3 2007/08 3.1
12.6 9.94.31.70.04.32.9 2008/09 4.1
13.4 10.44.72.00.04.13.3 2009/10 5.2
12.5 10.75.02.50.04.23.0 2010/11 4.5
Brazil
44.5 35.830.04.60.73.413.0 2002/03 6.3
42.0 36.330.54.40.43.412.4 2003/04 7.9
35.0 38.532.10.70.53.011.6 2004/05 4.2
41.7 39.533.04.51.13.212.9 2005/06 3.0
51.0 41.034.510.81.43.614.0 2006/07 3.6
58.6 42.536.07.80.74.014.7 2007/08 12.6
March 2011
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Corn Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters (Continued)
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
51.0 45.538.57.11.13.614.1 2008/09 12.1
56.1 47.040.011.60.64.312.9 2009/10 10.1
53.0 48.341.37.01.04.112.9 2010/11 8.8
Total Corn Competitors
191.0 174.3132.532.21.24.443.7 2002/03 74.4
182.5 177.8134.423.70.64.342.1 2003/04 56.1
197.5 184.4138.625.00.94.643.0 2004/05 45.1
203.8 190.9142.418.32.24.743.7 2005/06 41.9
232.4 201.3147.731.92.64.848.2 2006/07 43.7
246.1 208.1150.425.30.94.850.9 2007/08 57.2
245.0 213.8154.319.31.25.049.4 2008/09 70.4
250.3 223.3161.730.32.15.050.1 2009/10 69.2
255.5 228.3164.624.22.15.050.6 2010/11 74.4
March 2011
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Barley Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Australia
3.9 2.71.82.00.01.03.9 2002/03 0.9
10.4 3.12.26.40.02.34.5 2003/04 1.9
7.7 3.52.54.30.01.74.6 2004/05 1.9
9.5 3.52.55.30.02.24.4 2005/06 2.6
4.3 4.02.91.90.01.04.2 2006/07 1.0
7.2 3.12.13.40.01.54.9 2007/08 1.7
8.0 4.02.93.20.01.65.0 2008/09 2.4
7.9 4.53.33.90.01.84.4 2009/10 1.9
9.3 4.73.44.70.02.34.1 2010/11 1.8
Canada
7.5 7.96.50.40.22.23.3 2002/03 1.5
12.2 9.78.41.80.02.84.4 2003/04 2.1
12.6 10.18.81.20.13.33.8 2004/05 3.4
11.7 9.68.42.30.03.23.6 2005/06 3.3
9.6 10.28.81.20.03.03.2 2006/07 1.5
11.0 7.96.63.00.12.74.0 2007/08 1.6
11.8 9.17.71.50.03.43.5 2008/09 2.8
9.5 8.57.31.30.03.32.9 2009/10 2.6
7.6 7.66.51.30.13.22.4 2010/11 1.3
EU-27
58.2 55.439.35.21.14.214.0 2002/03 8.7
55.8 58.041.82.60.74.014.1 2003/04 4.5
64.1 54.638.63.30.34.713.7 2004/05 11.1
54.8 54.138.23.30.14.013.8 2005/06 8.5
56.2 55.738.73.50.24.113.8 2006/07 5.8
57.5 54.238.73.80.34.213.8 2007/08 5.7
65.5 57.041.53.60.34.514.5 2008/09 10.9
62.0 56.541.51.10.14.414.0 2009/10 15.4
53.4 59.544.04.30.24.312.5 2010/11 5.1
March 2011
Million Metric Tons/Hectares
Sorghum Supply and Disappearance: Selected Exporters
Area
Harvested
Ending
Stocks
Total
Consumpti
Feed and
Residual
MY
Exports
MY
Imports
ProductionYieldCountry Mktg Year
Argentina
2.8 2.32.10.60.05.10.6 2002/03 0.5
2.2 2.01.90.20.04.60.5 2003/04 0.4
2.9 2.62.40.40.05.20.6 2004/05 0.4
2.3 2.32.10.20.04.70.5 2005/06 0.2
2.8 1.71.51.10.04.70.6 2006/07 0.2
2.9 1.21.01.20.04.70.6 2007/08 0.7
1.7 1.11.01.10.03.70.5 2008/09 0.2
3.6 1.91.71.70.04.80.8 2009/10 0.2
3.8 2.32.11.40.04.80.8 2010/11 0.3
Australia
1.5 1.41.40.10.02.20.7 2002/03 0.1
2.0 1.41.40.60.02.70.7 2003/04 0.1
2.0 1.81.80.20.02.70.8 2004/05 0.1
1.9 1.91.90.10.02.50.8 2005/06 0.0
1.3 1.21.20.10.02.10.6 2006/07 0.0
3.8 2.22.20.80.04.00.9 2007/08 0.8
2.7 1.81.81.00.03.50.8 2008/09 0.7
1.6 1.21.20.40.03.10.5 2009/10 0.7
2.2 1.41.41.00.03.40.6 2010/11 0.5
March 2011
U.S. Grains Supply and Distribution: Wheat, Corn, Sorghum, Barley, Oats, Rye, and Rice
Thousand Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Production
Production Imports TY Imports Exports TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumption
Domestic
Consumption
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
17,86734,2936,94627,10127,6353,3993,45668,016nr322,541 2008/09
26,55230,9324,07324,17523,9773,1803,22860,366nr320,191 2009/10
22,94332,0064,62735,00034,7002,9502,99460,103nr319,278 2010/11
Corn
42,504259,272131,62547,75846,965337344307,142nr1031,796 2008/09
43,380281,423130,57449,88750,462237212332,549nr1032,169 2009/10
17,137293,384132,08650,00049,532500508316,165nr1032,960 2010/11
Sorghum
1,3908,3195,9073,5983,6323311,998nr42,942 2008/09
1,0485,8493,5634,0844,221009,728nr42,234 2009/10
9315,0802,7943,8003,810008,773nr51,946 2010/11
Barley
1,9325,1271,4511582885726325,230nr31,529 2008/09
2,5154,6041,0401511233023614,949nr41,260 2009/10
2,0204,4649802001742002183,925nr4998 2010/11
Oats
1,2212,9681,88038491,7871,9751,294nr2567 2008/09
1,1663,0111,92838311,6111,6361,351nr2558 2009/10
6902,9891,88745441,4001,3791,178nr2511 2010/11
Rye
132925668108100203nr2109 2008/09
242733742129108178nr2102 2009/10
242986155125114189nr2107 2010/11
Rice, Milled
9603,964nr2,9833,0046826106,4009,24281,204 2008/09
1,1543,861nr3,8153,4665626046,9179,97381,256 2009/10
1,6224,010nr3,4253,5656205727,47111,02781,463 2010/11
Notes: Wheat Trade Year (TY) statistics are on July/June years. Barley, corn, sorghum, rye and oats Trade Year (TY) statistics
are on Oct/Sept years. Rice Trade Year (TY) statistics are for the subsequent calendar year; 'Imports' and 'Exports' columns
contain data on the local marketing year: wheat, barley, oats and rye are June/May; corn and sorghum are Sept/Aug; rice is
Aug/July.
March 2011
Total Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat and Coarse Grains
1,204.0 281.01,178.3573.5196.92.0587.8 1981/82
1,248.0 332.11,197.1593.4189.62.2576.9 1982/83
1,162.5 278.51,216.1588.4193.22.1563.8 1983/84
1,315.0 340.01,253.5609.9203.62.3567.0 1984/85
1,328.5 420.61,247.9613.1165.22.3570.9 1985/86
1,348.0 469.21,299.4644.2174.72.4565.6 1986/87
1,285.9 423.11,329.8655.1202.22.4544.8 1987/88
1,218.1 339.31,302.0618.2203.32.2542.4 1988/89
1,327.4 320.51,346.2642.9208.92.4548.9 1989/90
1,417.6 368.71,369.5667.3190.12.6549.0 1990/91
1,355.7 359.51,364.9650.1207.52.5546.3 1991/92
1,431.6 398.41,389.9662.3205.22.6548.8 1992/93
1,356.1 365.21,389.2654.0188.22.5539.2 1993/94
1,392.5 361.71,396.0666.9200.12.6537.6 1994/95
1,338.5 319.31,380.9637.4187.52.5533.4 1995/96
1,490.5 367.41,442.4670.4198.42.7552.9 1996/97
1,491.6 414.71,444.3680.8190.32.8539.5 1997/98
1,481.9 447.61,449.0681.0198.72.8534.0 1998/99
1,464.9 443.31,468.6686.0214.32.8514.7 1999/00
1,446.5 419.51,470.3693.8205.12.8514.0 2000/01
1,480.0 403.61,495.9708.4208.52.9516.4 2001/02
1,442.1 340.31,505.4706.1209.62.8506.5 2002/03
1,470.9 277.11,534.1712.2206.22.9516.1 2003/04
1,642.1 333.01,586.2751.3215.23.2517.8 2004/05
1,598.9 316.11,615.8750.8222.73.1520.5 2005/06
1,583.6 271.11,628.6740.8230.43.1518.1 2006/07
1,690.3 288.51,672.9752.5245.33.2535.9 2007/08
1,794.3 361.41,721.4763.8253.83.3538.3 2008/09
1,790.0 392.51,758.9764.3253.53.3535.8 2009/10
1,727.3 336.81,782.9771.5241.23.3528.4 2010/11
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the
present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
March 2011
World Wheat and Coarse Grains: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Wheat
495.3 135.3519.5104.0104.32.3217.9 1988/89
533.1 137.1531.3103.7103.92.4226.3 1989/90
588.8 171.6554.3130.1101.32.5231.7 1990/91
543.5 163.2551.8113.8111.42.4223.4 1991/92
562.6 177.0548.5110.9113.22.5222.8 1992/93
558.5 182.5553.0108.0101.72.5221.8 1993/94
523.0 163.4542.199.6101.52.4214.5 1994/95
537.5 155.9545.192.799.22.5219.1 1995/96
581.5 164.5572.897.4104.02.5230.3 1996/97
610.2 198.1576.7101.9104.52.7228.5 1997/98
590.4 209.2579.2105.3102.02.6225.4 1998/99
586.8 210.3585.8100.5111.92.7215.7 1999/00
583.1 207.7585.7105.2102.42.7218.0 2000/01
583.5 204.4586.8107.2108.02.7215.6 2001/02
568.6 168.6604.3111.6106.82.6215.1 2002/03
554.8 134.1589.397.3103.62.6209.9 2003/04
626.7 153.2607.6106.6113.92.9217.6 2004/05
619.2 150.3622.1112.6114.12.8219.7 2005/06
596.1 130.3616.1107.9115.62.8213.3 2006/07
611.2 124.8616.898.1116.42.8217.9 2007/08
684.2 167.2641.7117.9143.23.0225.3 2008/09
682.6 197.3652.5116.6134.23.0226.5 2009/10
647.6 181.9663.0122.5124.32.9221.8 2010/11
Coarse Grains
722.8 204.0782.5514.299.02.2324.6 1988/89
794.3 183.4814.9539.2105.02.5322.5 1989/90
828.8 197.1815.2537.388.92.6317.2 1990/91
812.2 196.3813.1536.296.22.5322.9 1991/92
868.9 221.3841.4551.391.92.7326.0 1992/93
797.6 182.7836.2546.186.52.5317.4 1993/94
869.4 198.3853.8567.498.62.7323.1 1994/95
800.9 163.4835.8544.788.32.5314.4 1995/96
909.0 202.9869.6573.094.42.8322.6 1996/97
881.4 216.7867.6578.985.82.8311.0 1997/98
891.4 238.3869.8575.796.72.9308.6 1998/99
878.1 233.1882.8585.5102.42.9299.0 1999/00
863.4 211.8884.6588.6102.72.9296.0 2000/01
896.6 199.3909.1601.3100.53.0300.9 2001/02
873.5 171.7901.0594.5102.83.0291.5 2002/03
916.1 143.0944.8614.9102.63.0306.1 2003/04
1,015.4 179.8978.6644.7101.33.4300.3 2004/05
979.6 165.8993.7638.2108.63.3300.8 2005/06
987.5 140.81,012.5632.9114.73.2304.8 2006/07
1,079.1 163.71,056.2654.4128.93.4318.0 2007/08
1,110.1 194.11,079.7645.9110.73.5313.0 2008/09
1,107.4 195.11,106.4647.7119.33.6309.3 2009/10
1,079.7 154.91,119.9649.0116.93.5306.6 2010/11
Notes: Wheat and coarse grains trade data are on July June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the
present, coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
March 2011
World Corn and Barley: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Production TY Exports Feed Dom.
Consumpti
Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Corn
400.4 145.3452.8306.866.03.2126.1 1988/89
461.7 132.9474.1324.874.53.6127.3 1989/90
482.0 141.4473.4318.558.83.7129.2 1990/91
493.0 141.0493.3334.463.03.7132.6 1991/92
535.6 162.7512.1348.762.64.0133.2 1992/93
475.8 129.4509.0342.057.43.6130.7 1993/94
559.3 153.2535.6371.571.94.1135.2 1994/95
516.4 133.0536.6365.164.83.8135.0 1995/96
593.0 165.8560.1387.766.74.2141.7 1996/97
574.5 166.5573.8400.463.14.2136.3 1997/98
606.0 191.0581.5404.368.74.4139.2 1998/99
608.1 193.9605.3422.472.34.4139.1 1999/00
591.5 175.1610.3427.475.94.3137.2 2000/01
601.4 151.3625.1436.372.84.4137.7 2001/02
603.1 127.0627.4432.877.04.4137.2 2002/03
627.4 105.2649.2445.479.14.4141.9 2003/04
715.7 131.8689.2475.276.04.9145.3 2004/05
699.5 124.7706.6477.882.74.8145.5 2005/06
713.6 110.1728.1477.691.54.8149.6 2006/07
793.8 131.4772.5497.098.34.9160.5 2007/08
798.4 147.8781.9479.184.05.0158.2 2008/09
812.4 144.5815.7482.793.25.2157.0 2009/10
813.8 123.1835.2493.092.15.1160.2 2010/11
Barley
164.4 31.7166.3121.919.02.276.3 1988/89
166.2 27.5170.4126.018.52.373.7 1989/90
179.5 31.5175.5130.819.62.573.0 1990/91
169.9 34.9166.5120.319.42.276.6 1991/92
166.3 35.0165.6119.016.42.373.1 1992/93
169.0 34.9169.1123.818.82.373.8 1993/94
160.7 30.0165.6120.915.32.272.8 1994/95
141.2 20.5150.7107.813.42.168.6 1995/96
153.1 24.1149.5106.317.92.365.6 1996/97
153.9 32.2145.8104.012.82.464.5 1997/98
136.0 29.0139.399.517.82.260.8 1998/99
127.4 23.8132.594.017.82.354.5 1999/00
133.1 22.5134.494.616.22.553.9 2000/01
143.5 29.2136.895.517.22.556.4 2001/02
134.4 27.4136.295.016.32.455.7 2002/03
142.3 23.3146.3102.714.82.459.7 2003/04
152.2 33.0142.6100.217.02.657.9 2004/05
136.2 28.1141.197.317.52.456.0 2005/06
136.4 21.3143.298.114.62.456.8 2006/07
132.9 20.1134.091.418.62.357.3 2007/08
155.6 31.1144.7100.818.22.855.9 2008/09
149.6 36.5144.2100.417.32.755.3 2009/10
124.2 22.1138.594.916.02.550.6 2010/11
Notes: Coarse grains trade data are on July June years through 1975/76. From 1976/77 to the present,
coarse grains data are on an Oct/Sept trade year.
March 2011
World Rice: Supply and Demand
Millions of Metric Tons/Hectares
Area
Harvested
Yield Rough
Production
Production TY Exports Domestic
Consumpti
Ending
Stocks
Rice, Milled
408.3 50.5280.011.3277.92.8144.4 1981/82
418.2 56.8278.711.2285.03.0140.5 1982/83
450.9 69.3294.411.9306.93.1144.6 1983/84
464.9 87.7298.411.0316.83.2144.1 1984/85
467.3 97.7308.011.8318.03.2144.7 1985/86
464.6 103.3310.412.9316.13.2144.8 1986/87
464.8 105.3313.111.4315.13.3141.4 1987/88
490.8 111.7325.714.0332.13.3146.6 1988/89
510.3 120.6336.311.7345.23.5147.8 1989/90
519.4 126.7345.312.3351.43.5147.0 1990/91
522.8 126.7353.214.4353.23.5147.5 1991/92
524.2 123.2357.514.9354.03.6146.5 1992/93
526.1 119.0358.916.6354.73.6145.3 1993/94
539.7 117.6365.420.8364.03.7147.3 1994/95
547.3 118.1368.319.7368.83.7148.3 1995/96
565.4 120.3379.318.9381.53.8150.0 1996/97
575.0 127.7379.827.6387.33.8151.3 1997/98
586.9 134.0388.624.8394.93.8152.7 1998/99
608.9 143.1400.322.8409.33.9155.3 1999/00
594.4 146.6395.824.4399.43.9151.9 2000/01
595.5 132.8413.927.8400.13.9150.9 2001/02
564.2 102.9408.927.5379.03.9146.4 2002/03
586.0 81.5414.127.2392.73.9148.9 2003/04
597.5 73.7409.028.9401.33.9151.3 2004/05
623.8 76.2416.129.0418.64.1153.4 2005/06
627.0 74.8421.731.9420.34.1154.2 2006/07
647.2 80.3428.129.7433.64.2155.1 2007/08
670.5 91.5436.929.3448.14.2157.8 2008/09
660.6 94.3438.131.1440.94.2156.2 2009/10
676.3 98.8447.030.2451.54.3158.5 2010/11
Notes: Stocks, exports and consumption are expressed on a milled basis in marketing years.
March 2011
Grain: World Markets and Trade, March 2011
53
ENDNOTES TO GRAIN: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE REGIONAL TABLES North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States. Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama. Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands of the U.S. South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela. EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar, Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland. Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia. Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa. East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Taiwan. South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives. Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam. Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.
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OTHER NOTES Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period following the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2008/09 starts in 2008); except for summer grains in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second year begins the LMY (2008/09 starts in 2009). Key exporter LMY’s are:
Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) China (Oct/Sep) EU-27 (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Russia (Jul/Jun) EU-27 (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) India (Apr/Mar) United States (Jun/May) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) Russia(Jul/Jun) Turkey (Jun/May) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May)
For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website (http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdAvailability.aspx). Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time. Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however, reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only. Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year. EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent EU-27 and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through 1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15 member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria and Romania, exists only prior to 1999/00. Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled
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equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains. Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries outside the USDA database. The Field Crops and Livestock Branch, Industry and Sector Analysis Division, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington DC 20250, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) 720-6590. Note: The previous report in this series was the Grain: World Markets and Trade Foreign Agricultural Service Circular FG 02-11 February 2011. For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production Foreign Agricultural Service Circular WAP 03-11 March 2011. This circular is available in its entirety on the World Wide Web via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: http://www.fas.usda.gov
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