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Form Based Codes:
Introduction and Overview
Paul Zykofsky, AICPDirector, Land Use/Transportation Programs
Local Government Commission
Building Livable Communities in Colorado: ConnectingCommunity Design and Active Living
June 17, 2005
Score: – 4.2 1Community Image Survey Results
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21Score: +3.8Community Image Survey Results
2Score: –2.1Community Image Survey Results
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22Score: +3.1Community Image Survey Results
3Score: –2.9Community Image Survey Results
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23Score: +4.1Community Image Survey Results
5Score: –2.5Community Image Survey Results
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25Score: +4.3Community Image Survey Results
8Score: -4.1Community Image Survey Results
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28Score: +3.1Community Image Survey Results
The origin of current zoning practiceBelching smokestacks and putrid air
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The new landscape — The birth of sprawl
Levittown, NY
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The result: Crayola zoning
From making places tomaking maps
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The problem with conventional zoning for intensity
Floor Area Ratio doesn’t tell you much about what buildingwill look like or how it will relate to street and other buildings
FAR = 4 FAR = 4
FAR = 48 Floors
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FAR = 432 Floors
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Use List or Use-Less?
Baths, Turkish
25. Boxing arena
28. Chinchillas, retail sales
41. Eleemosynary institutions
42. Embalming business
95. Physical culture institution
109. Potato chip manufacturing
127. Tombstones, retail sales
135. Turkish bathSource: Paul Crawford, Crawford Multari & Clark
Hercules, CA — Form-Based Code
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Hercules, CA — Form-Based Code
Street type determines location, height, features of buildings
Preparing a Form-Based Code
Public visioning/charrette
Form-based codes are developed with communityinput
Provide clear picture of what new development willlook like
Get buy-in of community up front, avoid litigation
Developer knows what community wants and is assuredof speedier development process
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Form-based Codes
Case Study:
HerculesWaterfront District
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Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
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Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
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Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
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Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
Form-based Codes: Case Study
Waterfront
District
Hercules, CA
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Form-based Codes: Case StudyCentral Petaluma
Source: Fisher & Hall Urban Design
Central Petaluma Smart Code — Zoning Map
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Petaluma Form-based code:Expedited review process
New development is informed by community
Developers assume less risk on projectsbecause they have shorter review process ifthey follow the code
Petaluma Form-based code:New investment
$150 milliondevelopmentapproved withinone year, including:196 attacheddwelling units12-screen cinema500-space parkinggarage94,000 sfcommercial
Source: Fisher & Hall Urban Design
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Response to Petaluma Form-based code
“I can’t tell if the Smart Code is a radical, green,left-wing document or a developer-friendly,market based right-wing one.”
— Jose Sanchez, Reporter,
Santa Rosa Press Democrat, April 2003
Source: Fisher & Hall Urban Design
Resources on form-based codes
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For more information
Local Government CommissionCenter for Livable Communities
Web: www.lgc.org
Phone: 800-290-8202
e-mail: [email protected]
