Formby Draft

MARCH 1 FLUCTUATING ARCHIPELAGO DESIGN STUDIO 1

THE FUTURE OF FORMBY POINT

FORMBY

MARCH 1 FLUCTUATING ARCHIPELAGO DESIGN STUDIO 1


FORMBY

FREDDIE GARSIDE & ASMA DAULEH


FORMBY

7

Research on Formby within the Sefton Coastline

The BriefUnderstating the Concern

An Introduction to our Scheme

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Cartographies of Formby point Sand Dunes

Engineering Techniques Understanding our options

Models illustrating the Sand Dune Retreat across the chosen site

On-Site Strategy Farming Potential. Walkways. Tourist Facilities. Accommodation.

Freddie Garside Retreating Formby Enterprise

Asma Dauleh The Pine Cone

Critical Approach Moving Forward and the Future of Formby point

CONTENTS

9

THE BRIEF

The coastline is a virtual line that is in constant fluctuation, this is a result of rising water levels, an increase in stormy weather and several other factors. All these factors will in-turn affect our living standards both nationally and globally.

In the 2013 - 2014 winters we saw an increased rate of erosion across the country. 5 - 15years worth of erosion happened in merely one year. By 2050 and through coastal erosion it is predicted that hindered of miles worth of coastal front will be lost, it is not only land that will be lost but over 15 million people across the UK will be affected by this change. This is where Fluctuating Archipelago comes in, during our study we aim to select and understand the coastal conditions, by implement-ing a multi-scalar approach we need to decide,develop and design ourselves through such conditions.

Understating the Concern

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AN INTRODUCTION

“It is predicted with increasing confidence that climate change will lead to continued sea-level rise and increased Storminess which in turn accelerates the scale and pace of coastal

change.”

Phil DykeNational Trust

Coastal Squeeze is when coastal habitats that are trapped between a fixed landward boundary, such as a sea wall and rising sea levels.

At Formby the beach is eroding back, the sand dunes are pushing back and eventually they will hit the hard-scaping of formby harming the infrastructure in place. This would require re-scaping of land use around the entire site over a prolonged period of time .

We propose to redesign and “squeeze” Formby into a new position over the next 100 years . Thus prolonging but also preserving the infrastructure and migrating the habitats inland.

to our Scheme

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RESEARCH ON FORMBY WITHIN THE SEFTON

COASTLINE

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AN OVERVIEW ON FORMBY

Formby is a coastal town of 7 sq miles (17 km²) it has a population of approximately 25,000. As part of the Sefton coast it is bound on the west by the sea.

The area is a conserved by the National Trust, and designated a site of Specific Scientific Interest. Formby is an area protected by extensive sand-hills, covered in creeping willows and marram grass.

The land is strictly preserved, and only a few foot paths across the forbidden ground are open to the public. The sand-hills afford shelter from the sea winds to the three villages of Formby, Formby-by-the-Sea, and Fresh-field, which form one town.

Situated on flat, sandy land, surrounded by fields intersected by ditches, where rye, wheat, potatoes and asparagus grow. Fishing for shrimps and raking the sands for cockles provide employment to some of the locals.

The greater area is a popular tourist destina-tion during the summer months. Day trippers are attracted to its beaches, sand dunes and wildlife,

LIVERPOOL

RIVER MERSEY

ST HELENS

FORMBY

RIVER ALT

BOOTLE

WIRRAL

SEFTONCROSBYIRISH SEA

AINSDALE

SOUTHPORT

COASTAL CHANGE OVER THE YEARS

The coast is changing: always has and always will.This includes not only the physical change in the coast

A series of satellite views illustrate the changes over the past half century that have occurred on the formby site.

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1945

1945 DUNE TOE POSITION

Dune toe position, heavy agricultural site

use.

90m of coastline is lost due to coastal

erosion.

120m of coastline lost, Formby town

infrastructure growth.

Coastal drift of sedi-ment - Formby “point” begins to shape up.

Heavier erosion North of the site due to

coastal drift.

240m of coastline is lost due to coastal

erosion.

MIGRATED DUNE TOE POSITION

1961 1989 20061979 1997

COASTAL CHANGES PAST AND FUTURE

Tides play an important morphophonemic role by shifting the operational zone of waves up and down the beach pro-file, determining the position and change of the dunes.

The rise and fall of the tides causes temporal changes in the cross-shore transport direction at any location on the intertidal profile, this be-comes more pronounced as tidal range increases.

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EXTRAPOLATED COASTAL CHANGE AT FORMBY POINT

2025

2035

2045

2075

2065

2055

2085

2095

2105

FORMBY

PINEWOOD

FORRESTTOBACCODUMP

SANDDUNES

CAR PARK

LIFE BOA

T RD.

ALEXAN

DER RD

.

VICTORIA RD.

CARAVAN SITE

CARAVAN SITE

FORMBY

SAND DUNE TOE POSITIONOVER THE YEARS

1966

1924

1906

1892

1845

COASTAL ACTIVITY ACROSS THE SITE

The town is built upon the west of a large flat area of land called the West Lancashire Coastal Plain.

The town is 0.5 metres below sea level at its lowest point. Formby’s highest point is within the ever changing sand dunes.

The River Alt runs into the Irish Sea just south of Formby at High-town.

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GRADUAL GROWTH OF SALT MARSH SEAWARDS. SINCE 1988 THE MARSH HAS MOVED 670M SEAWARDS. ACCELERATED GROWTH

OF SALT MARSH

COAST WIDE INFLUENCES: - MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES - TOURISM - LAND-USE - OFFSHORE AGGREGATE EXTRACTION

NICOTINE CLIFFSNICOTINE WASTE

TIPPING 1950’S.

PAST RESTORATION WORKS 1970’S.

DUMPING OF DREDGING FROM 1890’S.

RUBBLE SEA DEFENCES TIPPED IN 1942.

HARD DEFENCES SEA WALL BUILT 1972.

ALT. TRAINING WALL BUILT 1936.

SAND EXTRACTION FROM THE DUNES IN 1940’S.

AFFORESTATION BEGAN IN 1887.

CAR PARKING ON BEACH

RECREATION PRESSURE AT FORMBY POINT. EROSION

TAYLOR’S BANK EFFECTS THE WAVE REGIME OF FORMBY POINT.

COASTAL EROSION DUE TO RIVER ALT MOVEMENT SINCE 1900.

INFILLING OF THE FORMBY CHANNEL.

SAND DUNES FORMING IN FRONT OF SEA WALL.

RAPID GROWTH OF SALT MARSH SOUTHWARDS. SINCE 1992 THE MARSH HAS MOVED 1650M SOUTHWARDS.

GROWTH OF GREEN BEACH SINCE 1980’S.

SEDIMENT DRIFT

SEDIMENT DRIFT

SEDIMENT DRIFT

WIND BLOWN SAND

EROSION OF FORMBY POINT UP-TO 4.5M/YR SINCE 1900.

SEDIMENT

PRESENT DAY COASTAL PROCESS HUMAN ACTIONS AND INFLUENCES ON SEFTON COASTCHANGES IN GEOMORPHOLOGY AS A RESULT OF

NATURAL CAUSES AND HUMAN ACTIVITY

FORMBY FORMBYFORMBY

CROSBY CROSBYCROSBY

SOUTHPORT SOUTHPORTSOUTHPORT

CURRENT SITE USE

Formby is affluent with high owner occupation. Strong economic ties are retained with Liverpool.

It is well connected with a train route as well as the Formby bypass A565.

The greater area is a popular tourist destination during the summer months, with day trippers at-tracted to its beaches, sand dunes and wildlife.

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VICTORIA ROAD

BUNDEL AVENUE

LIFEBOAT ROAD

ALEXANDRA ROAD

1 - GOLF COURSE

2 - CARAVAN PARK

3 - CAR PARK

4 - RED SQUIRREL WOODS 5 - SHEEP FIELDS

6 - NICOTINE WOODS

7 - NICOTINE DUMPING

8 - ASPARAGUS FIELDS

9 - ST JOSEPH HOSPITAL 10 - SAND DUNES

11 - LOW TIDE

12 - FORMBY TOWN

13 - PAINT-BALL CENTRE

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3

4

A585RAIL

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7

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12

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TOURIST INTERACTION IN FORMBYAcross the map illustrates how the tourists interact with the town of formby and where the tourist hotspots are and which areas are more heavily used.

There are two main spots along the Formby Coast which are particularly popular with the public. These are Lifeboat road which is closely located to the beach, and Victoria Road which is linked to the red squirrel woods.

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HIKING

DOG WALKING HORSE RIDING NT RESERVE BIKE RIDING HOSPITAL PAINT-BALL DUKE PARK

TOBACCO WASTE CAR PARK CARAVAN SITE GOLFING RED SQUIRREL SHOPPING

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2

3

4

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1 - NICOTINE WOODS. 2 - RED SQUIRREL WOODS.

3 - ASPARAGUS FIELDS.

4 - NETTLE CROP ONTOBACCO WASTE. 5 - MIGRATED SAND DUNES IN PINE WOODS.

6 - TREES BENT BY SEVERE WIND FORCE FROM THE SEA.

7 - MARRAM GRASS AND SOFT ENGINEERING SYSTEMS.6

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12

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2

3

4

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1 - COASTLINE VIEW. 2 - BEACH LOW TIDE, EVIDENCE OF DOG WALKERS.

3 - SAND DUNE EROSION CAUSED BY HIKERS.

4 - BEACH CAR PARK. 5 - NICOTINE DUNE CLIFFS.

6 - TREES BURIED BY MIGRATING SAND DUNES.

7 - EVIDENCE OF DUNE SLACK AND FLOODING. 6

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TOURIST STATISTICS

Formby is popular with day trippers from Liverpool and other industrial towns in Merseyside and West Lancashire.

From a phone call held with Phil Moody (Head Rang-er at Formby) we found out that the site receives 350,000 visitors in the summer months, easily 3,000 on a single Sunday visit.

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SWIMMING

GROUP TRIPS YOUNG COUPLES FAMILY ELDERLY

LENGTH OF STAY (IN HOURS)

18% 26% 24%

10.8%

20%

18.9%

28%

43.8%

11%

26.5%

19% 22%

DOG WALKING 4WD QUAD BIKING HIKING CYCLING GOLFRED SQUIRREL BUCKET & SPADE

1-2

< 1

2-3

3-4

4-55+

RESIDENTS DAY VISITS OVERNIGHT

VISITOR %

SAND DUNE HEIGHT

5m 20m

6%

10%14%18%28%

NOLLI TO SHOW TOURIST ACCESS TO FORMBY BEACH

(BLACK SPACE) represents areas of the site that are not interacted with and Void (WHITE SPACE) represents areas that are accessed and used by the tourists.

As is apparent the closer to the shoreline one gets the more void space is located and there-fore the heavier the tourist impact on that site.

1 - CHILDREN TRIP

2 - DOG WALKING

3 - GOLFING

4 - RED SQUIRREL VISITS 5 - BUCKET & SPADE

6 - HIKING

7 - CYCLING

8 - SWIMMING

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8

7

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CARTOGRAPHY OF FORMBY POINT SAND

DUNES

PRECEDENTS OF GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

Inspiration of different types of graphical styles to represent various information and data.

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LOCALS AND TOURISTS HERE AND THERENEW YORK CITY HONG KONG HIGH-LINE NYCSECTIONAL AXONEW YORK CITY

Various locations of photos uploaded to instagram by various groups of people, showing site interaction.

Compares the tourist attraction hotspots in Hong Kong over layed on a Nolli Diagram of the site.

A sectional 3D representation of Location, contamination and scale of impact upon the site of human activity.

Displaying various activities which take place upon the New York High-line.

HOT SPOT LOCATION ACCORDING TO CONTAMINATION ACTIVITY

A 3D representation of the immediate environ-ment, the viewer is shown in the third person.

UNDERSTANDING GEOMORPHOLOGY

Sand Dunes are formed under different coastal pretences. The section highlighted in blue illustrates the nature of the sand dunes that have been formed at formby point.

These are migrating dunes, Migrating dunes natural-ly shift inward on land due to the surface being continually blown away by strong oncoming winds.

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STAGE IN DUNE SUCCESSION

MOBILE DUNES

DUNES

EMBRYO & FORE DUNES

GREY DUNES YELLOW DUNES

SANDWORT MARRAM GRASS GREY LICHEN RUSHES HEATHER & WOODLAND

DUNE SLACK HEATH/WOODLAND

SEA

INLAND

COAST EMBRYO

DUNES

FOREDUNES

YELLOWDUNE GREY

DUNEDUNESLACK

DUNESLACK

HEATH/WOODLAND

DUNE

CHARACTERISTICS On-shore winds.

Seaweed (humus build up).

Sand building up.

Alkaline sand.

Scattered indi-viduals.

Low growing pros-tate habitat.

Waxy leaves.

Salt intolerant.

Thrives on being buried by sand.

In-rolled leaves.

Long tap roots.

Underground rhi-zomes to stabi-lise sand.

Many plants now co-existing.

Mainly perenni-als.

Stabilising plants liking increased organic Matter content.

Moisture loving plants.

Acid loving plants co-exisiting.

Woody perennials plus under-story species.

Surface continu-ally blown away and replenished by fresh sand.

Reduced wind speed.

Top of dunes above high tide

Increased humus content.

Surface lichens.

Sand no longer accumulating.

Marram grass not able to compete well.

Damp, low lying hollows.

High water table in winter.

Soil acidic and pH variable.

Acid soil and in-creased organic matter content.

Nutrient rich.

Shelter devel-oped.

PLANT

CHARACTERISTICS

EXAMPLE

PLANT

FIXED DUNES

FIXED DUNES

FIXED DUNES YELLOW DUNES EMBRYO & FORE DUNES

0m 100m 200m 300m

STRAND/DRIFT LINE

STRAND/DRIFT LINE

DUNE TOE

EMBRYO & FORE DUNES

PINEWOODLAND

SCIENTIFIC SAND DUNE PLAN

FILL IN

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SCIENTIFIC SAND DUNE PLAN

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Current representation of coastline and sand dunes on site at 2015/16.

A key showing the coast-line erosion rate over the next 50 years.

Evident large shift in coastal movement over 50 years a loss of 200m.

FORMBY POINT SECTION

1. SHORE / FOREDUNEPH 8

SEA COUCH - 1%BARE GROUND - 99%

UNCONSOLIDATED SAND WITH SHELLY FRAGMENTSNO ORGANIC CONTENTNO WATER RETENTION

2. MOBILE DUNEPH 8

MARRAM GRASS - 90%RED FESCUE - 85%

SAND WITH TRACES OF HUMIC MATERIALFEWER SHELLS THAN ON THE SHORE

NO WATER RETENTION

3. FIXED DUNEPH 5

SAND SEDGE - 75%YORKSHIRE FOG AND OTHER GRASSES - 70%

MARRAM GRASS

BROWN SURFACE HUMIC LAYER 8CM DEEP OVERLYING SAND

NO VISIBLE SHELLSSOME WATER RETENTION

4. DUNE HEATHPH 4

LINING HEATHER - 90%GORSE - 10%

HEATH RUSH - 30%

BLACK HUMUS-RICH SURFACE LAYER 30CM DEEPWATER RETENTIVE

OVERLYING LIGHT GREY LAYER 10CM DEEPOVERLYING ORANGE SAND

5. SCRUB & WOODLANDPH 4

PINE WOODLANDCLIMAX VEGETATION

SUMMER STATS WINTER STATS

A section illustrating the nature of the site and its relationship to the migrating sand dunes.

These are shown in lighter colours and the current dune toe positioning in darker colours.

Imposed on the section is the differing kinds of tourist interaction activity and how this impacts the rate and speed of erosion on the site throughout various points in the year.

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BUCKET & SPADE VISITORS

HIKING

SWIMMING

INCREASING SOIL DEPTH & QUALITY

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

PINE-WOOD VISITORS

CYCLINGGOLF

4WD VEHICLE DRIVING

WALKING/ JOGGING/ DOG WALKING

DUNE TOE POSITION 1924 - 26 ( +50M )

DUNE TOE POSITION 1906 ( +90M )

DUNE TOE POSITION 1892 DUNE TOE POSITION 1845 DUNE TOE POSITION 1966 DUNE TOE POSITION 2015

1 2 3 4 5

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ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES -

UNDERSTANDING OUR OPTIONS

ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES Physical management of the coast attempts to control natural processes such as erosion and long-shore drift.

HARD ENGINEERING tend to be expensive, short-term options. They may also have a high impact on the landscape or environment and be unsustainable.

SOFT ENGINEERING are less expensive. They are usually more long-term and sustainable, with less impact on the environment.

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ADVANTAGES

- Absorb the energy of waves. - Allows the build up of a beach.

DISADVANTAGES

- Expensive to obtain the boulders. - Expensive to transport the boulders.

ADVANTAGES

- Prevents the movement of beach material along the coast by long-shore drift as it traps sediment within the plant. - Slows down the transfer rate inland.

DISADVANTAGES

- Not a massive contribution to long-shore drift.

ADVANTAGES

- Allows the build up of a beach. - Beaches are a natural defence against erosion and an attraction for tourists.

DISADVANTAGES

- Can be seen as unattractive. - Costly to build and maintain.

ROCK ARMOUR

GRASSES

GROYNES

ADVANTAGES

- Easy to repair - Protect the shore - Function after minor damage - Don’t disturb the shoreline

DISADVANTAGES

- Expensive and unattractive - Can be displaced easily by waves

ADVANTAGES

- Makes use of excess sediment further up the Sefton coast.

DISADVANTAGES

- Expensive - Continuous replenishment.

ADVANTAGES - Absorbs the waves energy and stops long-shore drift.

DISADVANTAGES

- Costs a lot for the granite boulders ( rip rap) to be transported.

OFF-SHORE BREAKWATER

REPLENISHING

RIP - RAPS

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ADVANTAGES

- The roots hold the soil together,preventing the soil from eroding. - The trees act as wind breakers. Thus reducing the effect of wind on long-shore drift. - Trees reduce the speed of flowing water there by reducing the erosion.

ADVANTAGES

- Halt the erosion due to roads being built on-top of it.

DISADVANTAGES

- Not aesthetically pleasing on coastline. - Environmental implications. - Maintenance.

ADVANTAGES

- Protects the base of cliffs, land and buildings against erosion. - Can prevent coastal flooding.

DISADVANTAGES

- Expensive to build. - Curved sea walls reflect the energy of the waves back to the sea. Cause more damage long term.

PLANTING TREES

ROADS

SEA WALL

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MODELS ILLUSTRATING SAND DUNE RETREAT ACROSS THE CHOSEN

SITE

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SEA

DUNE TOE

HOSPITAL

RAIL LINE

EDGE OF FORMBY TOWN

PINE-WOODS

DEMONSTRATING COASTAL SQUEEZE

2030 2050

TOBACCO WASTE

The dune toe has migrated 70m. Existing carp-ark and tobacco would have flooded.

The dune toe has migrated 180m. The beginnings of the pine woods would be at risk.

215021202080

The dune toe has migrated 280m. Red squirrels are endangered.

The dune toe has migrat-ed 600m.The Edge of Formby town would be at risk.

The dune toe has migrated 1Km. At this point Formby would be en-tirely flooded up-to the rail line

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ON SITE STRATEGY:- FARMING POTENTIAL- SKY WALKWAYS- TOURIST FACILITIES- ACCOMMODATION

MAIN SITE LOCATION

The main focal of our project will lay near the frontal coast, where the sand dunes lay and there is a tobacco waste dumping ground.

Farming this part of our site will act as the catalyst to our design enabling us to design further infrastructure and develop the site in phases over time.

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PHASE 1 - FARMING

USE EXISTING FARMLAND, AND PLANT AND SELL CROPS TO FUND SITE EXPANSION.

PHASE 2 - SKY WALKS

CONSTANTLY MIGRATING SKY WALKS, ELEVATED TO PROTECT DUNES YET ALLOW TOURIST ACCESS.

PHASE 3 - TOURIST FACILITY

INTRODUCE ACTIVITY/EDUCATION CENTRES,LEISURE CAFE. GENERATE REVENUE.

PHASE 4 - ACCOMMODATION

INTEGRATE SIMPLE TREE HOUSE HOTELS. ENCOURAGE LONGER VISITS TO GENERATE MORE REVENUE

COASTAL SQUEEZE

2015

DUNE TOE FORMBY RAIL

SEDIMENT DRIFT

2075 2105 2135

2150

Coastal squeeze is the term used to describe what happens to coastal habitats that are trapped between a fixed landward boundary, such as a sea wall and rising sea levels and/or increased storminess. The habitat is effectively ‘squeezed’ between the two forces and diminishes in quantity and or quality.

- Model at formby point, focused on tobacco lands. - Current dune toe position- Sedimentl drift direction shown.

- Formby town and pine-woods migrate further inland. - New OSB’s engineered using farmland profits.- New OSB’s buy more time for Hospital.

- Farming if protected. Large revenues Generated. - Pine Woods migrate inland. - Natural reduction in OSB due to sediment drift.

- If left to erode naturally. - Dune toe position would migrate towards rail. - Would only take 150 years.

- Coastline forms a sharp point, requires taming. - Farming expands, Pine-woods envelop Formby. - Hospital is relocated.

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OFF-SHORE BREAKWATER (OSB)

PINEWOOD

HOSPITAL

TOBACCO

OSB

2165 2200 2250

2020 2045

Breakwaters are structures constructed on coasts as part of coastal defence or to protect an anchorage from the effects of both weather and longshore drift.

we aim to use this technique to manipulate the erosion rate in certain parts of the coast. This will buy time and allow for a calculated “coastal squeeze” to take place.

- Engineering OSB to protect tobacco lands.- Farming can take place on Tobacco site. - OSB delays erosion rate.

- Sediment drift from coastline onto OSB’s. - Peak of coastline begins to diminish. - Land structure: Beach>Farm>Wood>Town is restored.

- OSB’s expand through collection of longshore drift. - Formby migrated to beyond the rail route. - Further expansion of farming, increase revenue.

- Sediment drift from OSB. - Coastal squeeze begins.- Formby infrastructure to migrate inland.

- Farming is reduced. - OSB’s left to erode naturally by sediment drift. - Coastline is back to its original form.

SEDIMENT DRIFT

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The tobacco site is high in nitrogen content, this is currently covered in nettles as they thrive in such circumstances.

If left untreated then as the coastline continues to erode eventually the tobacco waste will be washed out into the sea where the nitrogen will leak causing an Algal bloom. This is extremely harmful the current ecology within the sea.

FARMING POTENTIAL

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TOBACCO WASTE RE-USEAlfalfa is planted, as it absorbs the nitrogen out of the site and thrives in sandy soils. It has deep roots which will help reduce the erosion rate of the coastline and can later be sold on as animal feed.

Formby was once famous for its farming of asparagus, this is an industry which can be revived as the fields do continue to exist.

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DUNE

DUNE PUSHED BACK

TOBACCO WASTE - HIGH NITROGEN

CONTENT

TOBACCO WASTE - HIGH NITROGEN

CONTENT

NETTLES

HARVEST NETTLES & SELL

PLANT ALFALFA

PINE WOOD LANDS

DEFOREST PINE TREES & SELL

DERELICT ASPARAGUS FIELDS

TROTH ASPARAGUS FIELDS

PLANT ASPARAGUS

FARMING PROCESS

INTRO/ CONC

Tobacco Waste(396,000 Tonnes)

Redundant Asparagus Farm

Pine Trees

Nettles(Uritica Dioica)

2015(CURRENT)

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

Eroding Sand Dune(4m per year)

High Tide Low Tide

18

21

20

2

1

3

4

5

6

9

10

11

12

7

8

27

28

13

2615

14

16

29

31

30

32

33

34

36

35

37

17 19 22 25

23

24

1

IN OUT

Harvest nettles

27250

£

Sell for £2725 (£2.25/Kilo)

2 Begin removal of Pine Trees

Sell for £18,000 (£8/m²of Pine timber)

3 Harvest Nettles

Sell for £2725 (£2.25 profit/Kilo)

4 Sow Alfalfa seed

Costs £5500 (£15/Kilo)

5 Prepare land for Asparagus planting

Voluntary community work

6 Continue removal of Pine Trees


7 Harvest Nettles


8 Sow Alfalfa seed


9 Plant Asparagus crowns

Crowns cost £62,400 (£1.10/Crown)



11 Harvest Nettles


12 Sow Alfalfa seed

Seed costs £5500 (£15/Kilo)

13 Nurture young Asparagus


14 Remove remaining Pine Trees


15 Harvest remaining Nettles


16 Sow Alfalfa seed


25 Harvest Asparagus in April & June

Sell for £72.350 (£2.30 profit/Kilo)

26 Harvest mature Alfalfa

Sell for £16,525 (£25 profit/Tonne)

27 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790

28 Harvest mature Wheat

Sell for £21,250


Sell for £127,500 (£2.30 profit/Kilo)



31 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790


Sell for £21,250

33 Prepare land for next years seed

34

Profit - £651,090

Harvest Asparagus in April & June


35 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790


Sell for £21,250


19 Harvest second season of Asparagus in May


20 Sow Alfalfa seed




22 Harvest third season of Asparagus in June




24 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790

17 Harvest first season of Asparagus in June




20,7255500 20,7255500

IN OUT

£

IN OUT

£ £

20,72567,900

IN OUT

£

20,7255500

IN OUT

£

73,5250

IN OUT

£

78,2255500

IN OUT

£

81,7751790

IN OUT

£

110,1251790

IN OUT

£

165,2751790

IN OUT

£

153,6001790

IN OUT

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Tobacco Waste(396,000 Tonnes)

Redundant Asparagus Farm

Pine Trees

Nettles(Uritica Dioica)

2015(CURRENT)

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

Eroding Sand Dune(4m per year)

High Tide Low Tide

18

21

20

2

1

3

4

5

6

9

10

11

12

7

8

27

28

13

2615

14

16

29

31

30

32

33

34

36

35

37

17 19 22 25

23

24

1

IN OUT

Harvest nettles

27250

£

Sell for £2725 (£2.25/Kilo)

2 Begin removal of Pine Trees


3 Harvest Nettles


4 Sow Alfalfa seed


5 Prepare land for Asparagus planting




7 Harvest Nettles


8 Sow Alfalfa seed


9 Plant Asparagus crowns

Crowns cost £62,400 (£1.10/Crown)



11 Harvest Nettles


12 Sow Alfalfa seed


13 Nurture young Asparagus


14 Remove remaining Pine Trees


15 Harvest remaining Nettles


16 Sow Alfalfa seed



Sell for £72.350 (£2.30 profit/Kilo)



27 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790


Sell for £21,250





31 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790


Sell for £21,250


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Profit - £651,090

Harvest Asparagus in April & June


35 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790


Sell for £21,250


19 Harvest second season of Asparagus in May


20 Sow Alfalfa seed




22 Harvest third season of Asparagus in June




24 Sow Wheat seed

Seed costs £1790

17 Harvest first season of Asparagus in June




20,7255500 20,7255500

IN OUT

£

IN OUT

£ £

20,72567,900

IN OUT

£

20,7255500

IN OUT

£

73,5250

IN OUT

£

78,2255500

IN OUT

£

81,7751790

IN OUT

£

110,1251790

IN OUT

£

165,2751790

IN OUT

£

153,6001790

IN OUT

EXISTING WALKING ROUTES

There are 4 main walking routes that are popular amongst the tourist. These exist in the upper northern part of the site and vary in terrain .

77

MODERATE

EASY

EASY

EASY

RED SQUIRREL

DOG FRIENDLY

3 MILES (4.8Km)

2.8 MILES (4.4Km)

1.8 MILES (2.9Km)

1.4 MILES (2.2Km)

1 HOUR 45 MIN

1 HOUR 15 MIN

1 HOUR

30 MIN

ASPARAGUS

DISCOVER FORMBY

EASY WOODLAND

79

DECENT PLAN OF SITE TO SHOW WHERE THEY ARE GOING - SHOW TREES AND DESIGN DECISIONS

DEVELOPING WALKWAYS

In order to protect and limit the contact upon the sand dunes we propose to place elevated walkways through out the site.

These walkways will maintain the tourist interaction with the site and enhance site seeing potential while limiting human impact on erosion.

81

GSEducationalVersion

CUT LINE, DIFFERENT PARTS, KINET-IC VS STATIC

DETAILED

MODULAR WALKWAY

Modular walkways will be placed through out the entire site. The design of the walkway is built in such a way that it can be assembled, de-assembled and reassem-bled continually through the site. So their locations are ever changing as the coastline is ever changing.

83


4000

4000

4000

4.000

4000

4000

2000

4000

2000 4.000

4.000

4000

1 in 12

20002.000

4.00

0

2.000

4.00

0Straight

Corner

Ramp

Scale - 1:100GSEducationalVersion

4000

4000

4000

4.000

4000

4000

2000

4000

2000 4.000

4.000

4000

1 in 12

20002.000

4.00

0

2.000

4.00

0Straight

Corner

Ramp

Scale - 1:100

CORE-TEN STEEL POSTSAGES WELL WITH TIME, AND BLENDS INTO

SURROUNDINGS.

METAL MESHALLOWS FOR TRANSPARENCY

AND A LIGHT WEIGHT STRUCTURE

FORK AND PIN JOINT ALLOWS FOR ASSEMBLY AND

REASSEMBLY

PINE WOODREUSE TIMBER FROM

PINE TREE DEFORESTATION

85

ATTACHMENTS DEVELOPMENT

VISUAL PERSPECTIVE

A 3D Visual representation illustrating the elevated walkway erected inside the pine-woods.

87

89

RETREATING FORMBY ENTERPRISE

FREDDIE GARSIDE

PRECEDENTS

Inspiration of architecture within sand dunes illustrating the materiality and construction.

91

SITE

The current use of the car park is to be terminated due to the fastly eroding nature of the site.

To make use of the now vacant site I propose to develop numerous structures for varying uses that will retreat back inland with the eroding landscape. Thus designing for a flexible, long-term sustainable and profitable enterprise.

1 - COASTLINE VIEW. 2 - BEACH LOW TIDE, EVIDENCE OF DOG WALKERS.

3 - SAND DUNE EROSION CAUSED BY HIKERS.

4 - BEACH CAR PARK.

1

2

3 4

93

1

3

4

2


INITIAL IDEAS - CAFE

Developed from the idea of a section cut through the FormbyDunes. The form allows the dune sediment to migrate and surround the Cafe overtime, revealing different parts of the structure as it does so.

As the dune slides over the building, it will force the structure to retreat back with the eroding sand dune. The architecture is constantly evolving as the dunes are pushed back.

95

CAFE - Developed from the idea of a section cut through the Forby

dunes

The form allows the dune sediment to migrate

andsurround the Cafe andsurround the Cafe overtime, revealing

different parts of the structure as it does so

The walkways will provideacces to the building

throughout the different stages stages

As the dune slides overthe building, it will

push back a shutter systemto reveal glazing towards

the sea side. The architectureis constantly evolving asthe dunes are pushed backthe dunes are pushed back

2015(CURRENT)

2016

20

9

22

10

24

11

27

12

30

13

33

14

36

16

Visitor Statistics

Profit Profit Profit Profit Profit Profit Profit

Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics

25,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

5,000

1,000

750

1,000

750

18

8

200,000

40,000

210,000

50,000

27,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

7,000

1,200

1,000

1,100

1,000

235,000

50,000

250,000

60,000

30,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

10,000

1,400

1,200

1,200

1,100

270,000

70,000

290,000

80,000

35,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

15,000

1,750

1,500

1,500

1,300

310,000

95,000

320,000

100,000

42,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

22,000

2,000

1,750

1,850

1,500

355,000

120,000

360,000

125,000

50,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

30,000

3,000

2,100

2,200

1,900

400,000

145,000

410,000

155,000

60,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

40,000

5000

3000

2,800

2,500

450,000

170,000

460,000

175,000

70,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

50,000

7,000

5,000

6,500

6,000

500,000

200,000

505,000

205,000

365,000 380,000 440,000 500,000 570,000 710,000640,000

High Tide LineSa

nd Dune Line

Tourist Shop Education Space Cafe Toilets Community Space National Trust Office

£

£

£

£

£

£

+6,125

+26,000

+360,000

+6,125

+36,000

-180,000

2017

£

£

£

£

£

£

+7,350

+31,000

+427,500

+7,700

+40,800

-201,000

2018

£

£

£

£

£

£

+8,050

+37,000

+510,000

+9,100

+48,000

-222,000

2019

£

£

£

£

£

£

+9,800

+42,000

+607,500

+11,375

+60,000

-243,000

2020 2021

£

£

£

£

£

£

+11,725

+48,500

+712,500

+13,125

+76,800

-270,000 £

£

£

£

£

£

+14,350

+56,500

+817,500

+17,850

+96,000

-297,000

2022

£

£

£

£

£

£

+18,550

+63,500

+930,000

+28,000

+120,000

-324,000

2023

£

£

£

£

£

£

+43,750

+71,000

+1,050,000

+42,000

+144,000

-360,000

254,250 313,350 390,150 487,675 592,650 705,200 836,050 990,750

350,000

INTRO/ CONC

97

2015(CURRENT)

2016

20

9

22

10

24

11

27

12

30

13

33

14

36

16

Visitor Statistics

Profit Profit Profit Profit Profit Profit Profit

Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics Visitor Statistics

25,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

5,000

1,000

750

1,000

750

18

8

200,000

40,000

210,000

50,000

27,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

7,000

1,200

1,000

1,100

1,000

235,000

50,000

250,000

60,000

30,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

10,000

1,400

1,200

1,200

1,100

270,000

70,000

290,000

80,000

35,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

15,000

1,750

1,500

1,500

1,300

310,000

95,000

320,000

100,000

42,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

22,000

2,000

1,750

1,850

1,500

355,000

120,000

360,000

125,000

50,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

30,000

3,000

2,100

2,200

1,900

400,000

145,000

410,000

155,000

60,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

40,000

5000

3000

2,800

2,500

450,000

170,000

460,000

175,000

70,000S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

S

W

50,000

7,000

5,000

6,500

6,000

500,000

200,000

505,000

205,000

365,000 380,000 440,000 500,000 570,000 710,000640,000

High Tide LineSa

nd Dune Line

Tourist Shop Education Space Cafe Toilets Community Space National Trust Office

£

£

£

£

£

£

+6,125

+26,000

+360,000

+6,125

+36,000

-180,000

2017

£

£

£

£

£

£

+7,350

+31,000

+427,500

+7,700

+40,800

-201,000

2018

£

£

£

£

£

£

+8,050

+37,000

+510,000

+9,100

+48,000

-222,000

2019

£

£

£

£

£

£

+9,800

+42,000

+607,500

+11,375

+60,000

-243,000

2020 2021

£

£

£

£

£

£

+11,725

+48,500

+712,500

+13,125

+76,800

-270,000 £

£

£

£

£

£

+14,350

+56,500

+817,500

+17,850

+96,000

-297,000

2022

£

£

£

£

£

£

+18,550

+63,500

+930,000

+28,000

+120,000

-324,000

2023

£

£

£

£

£

£

+43,750

+71,000

+1,050,000

+42,000

+144,000

-360,000

254,250 313,350 390,150 487,675 592,650 705,200 836,050 990,750

350,000

99

PLAN _1:200 FOLD OUT


Dune PositionCurrent

Dune Position+2 Years





Direction of Retreat

Cafe Position +2 Years



ELEVATION - 1:200

101


Dune PositionCurrent






Direction of Retreat




ELEVATION - 1:200

VISUAL PERSPECTIVE

SHOW MOVEMENT

A 3D Visual representation illustrating the front and side elevation of the cafe in relation to the surrounding site context ( the existing car park).

103

VISUAL PERSPECTIVE

A 3D Visual representation illustrating the re-lationship between the walkway, Sand Dunes and rear of cafe. Sediment is encouraged to col-lect on the roof structures which seamless-ly connects the building to the dune-scape.

105

107

AXO FOLD OUT

109

THE PINE CONE

ASMA DAULEH

PRECEDENTS

Inspiration of tree house architecture illustrating the materiality and construction.

111

12

4

5

3

1 - FOOTPATH WITHIN THE WOODLANDS. 2 - MAKE-SHIFT SEATING GROUP AREA.

3 - GRID LIKE STRUCTURE TO PINE TREE LAYOUT.

4 - VIEW TO PINE-WOODS FROM NICOTINE PATCH.

5 - ACCESS FROM LIFEBOAT ROAD.

SITEThe current use of the pine-woods is to be trans-ferred as the red squirrels would have been miraged east of the site.

I propose to develop numerous elevated structures for varying short stay accommodations that will be multiply over time.

Thus designing for a flexible, long-term sustainable and profitable enterprise.

113

1

4

52

3

INITIAL IDEAS - MIXED USE HOTELS

The short stay Hotels will be primarily housed within one sector of the pine-woods. Within the space I Will allow for differing units of short stay accommodation that are grouped depending on purpose.

115

DOUBLE UNIT FAMILY UNITS

LUXURY UNITS

ELEVATED WALKWAY

GROUP UNITS

ACTIVITY SPACE

CAR PARK

LIFEBOAT RD

TO THE BEACH

Undulating walkway plays on the typography of existing dunes, allowing for a playful exploration of the site.

Summer months this activity zone would be used by family and young group visitors. Winter months it is hired out by corporations for team building events.

A small (16m²) and basic unit that houses a seating, sleep-ing, viewing deck and WC. Built from deforested pine-wood.

A bigger (32m²) unit that hous-es a seating, sleeping, viewing deck and WC. Fits a family of 4 . Built from deforested pine-wood.

A luxurious multi-story ele-vated structure, that would be long lasting. Views out to the beach and would be the only structure to remain long af-ter the site has flooded. This would be made possible using dolphin engineering technology.

A cluster of units that share amenities and open up onto each-other, all built from pine-wood. Outdoor seating and socialising spaces .

DEVELOPING THE CONCEPT

CONCERN ONE. Elevated structures, while providing great treetop views do not respond enough to typog-raphy of the site and the dunes.

SOLUTION. Scatter the units across the site, allow-ing ground level cabins hidden amongst the dunes and elevated tree houses. A diversity in choice.

CONCERN TWO. Generating enough revenue to fund and build the entire site in one go would be costly.

SOLUTION. Phase the building of the site, deforest part of the woodlands,and build the single units, when enough revenue is generated from tourists, the money made will fund the next phase of building. Continually grow the site over time.

117

£+ £++

CONCERN ONE

PHASING OF SITE

CONCERN TWO

£+++

PHASING

119

SKETCH IDEAS

Exploring sketch ideas, for eah type of accommodation style and occupation:

1. Double Units 2. Group Unit 3. Forrest Activity Space 4. Family Units5. Luxury Units

121

1 - Tree top structures, constructed from pine wood. Access by ladders. 2 - Group units are based on ground level on flatter landscape, clustered to allow for mingling of occupants. 3 - Enter-twined within the existing woodlands, group activity space will encourage longer stays and drum up more tourist revenue.

4 - Elevated Traditional tree house style unit, with view deck, slightly more secluded for privacy reasons.

5 - Inspired by pine-cone shape, these luxury units are designed to work when the site eventually floods due to receding coastline.

123

125

127

129

131

CRITICAL APPROACH, MOVING FORWARD AND THE FUTURE OF FORMBY

POINT

FINAL PLAN TO SHOW ALL OF THE

133

OUR QUICK CONCUSSION

135

FREDDIE GARSIDE ASMA DAULEH

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