Forms of Energy & Transformations

Energy makes things happen!!

Energy is neither created nor destroyed, it is constant.

I. NUCLEAR ENERGY

A. Fission - - - Split apart -- - -- Radioactive uranium

atoms can break apart –fission.

If fission happens in a billionth of a second you get an ATOMIC BOMB.

B. Fusion Joining together Deuterium+Lithium= *

(heat + light) so D + L = energy SUN Scientists can’t control

this yet; it’s hard to build a star! *

II. KINETIC ENERGY: MOTION

A. Translational: Motion from Point A to Point B

Examples: toy car or rolling ball...

B. Rotational: SpinExamples: toy top

C. Tortional: TwistExamples: twisted playground swing, anything that

twists

D. Vibrational: Shake (short movements)Examples: Rattleback, Slinky

III. POTENTIAL ENERGY: STORED (waiting to happen)

Outline A. Gravitational

HYDROPOWER, WALKING DUCK WATER CYCLE/ALPINE ECOSYSTEM

B. Chemical EXPLODING CANNISTER/ALCOHOL BURNER, BATTERY

C. ElasticSPRINGS

RUBBER BANDS

III. POTENTIAL:A. Gravitational: Hydropower

Pull of gravity makes things move downhill.

Reservoir: water runs downhill to turn the turbine to turn the generator to make electricity.

PE=mgh

III. POTENTIAL: A. Gravitational: Water Cycle

Water cycle: precipitation-rain

evaporation-sun

condensation-cloud

precipitation-rain

III. POTENTIAL: B. Chemical: Natural Resources

Harnessing fossil fuels and natural resources:

Oil Coal Natural Gas Wood Food

III. POTENTIAL: C. Elastic: Spring/Stretch

Rubber Plastic poppers Super balls, Air-zooka Rubber bands Screaming Balloons

Springs Slinky

IV. LIGHT ENERGY (Electromagnetic Energy) A. Lightning (Tesla Coil)

1. Air inside the cloud rubs, makes static electricity.. Negative charges settle in cloud. Negative charges move to positive > lightning.

B. Light Sticks C. Laser – very focused ray of light

Surgery; Pointers

D. Solar cells

V. SOUND ENERGY

A. THUNDER When lightning strikes,

it heats and forces air molecules outward.

B.SONIC BOOM

C. EXAMPLES: Cracker Blaster, Solar Tunes, Thunder Drum

VI. HEAT ENERGY: A. The Heat Tax

Heat comes from every energy conversion !!!

Nothing is for nothing! Always pay “heat taxes.”EXAMPLES:Solar thermal Wind energyFriction = motion + heatThermoelelectric ConverterHeat EnginesRadiometer

VI. HEAT ENERGY: B. Geothermal

“Earth” + “heat” Dig a hole: Temp.

Increases as you go. Water gets in the

cracks of the earth;

turns to steam:

- steam heat

- geysers (Old Faithful)

- Geysers Plant in CA

Examples of HEAT ENERGY: C. Solar Thermal

The sun’s heat:

Car on cold day Wind Energy:

1. Sun heats the air unevenly.

2. Warm air rises, makes wind.Wind has translational KE.

Do you know the energy transformations in FIREWORKS?

FIREWORKS

Answer

Going up:

Chemical > Trans. KE > Grav. PE > Trans. KE + heat

Exploding:

Chemical > Light + Sound + Heat

This concludes our energy notes.