FORMS OF GOVERNMENT How are the same forms of

government used differently in different places?

WG.14.B

Compare how democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, republic,

theocracy, and totalitarian systems operate in specific countries

[SUPPORTING STANDARD]

Government system

• the organization that people set up to protect their community and to enforce its rules.

Types of Government Systems:

Monarchy

AUTOCRACY:

Dictatorship

Absolute Constitutional MilitaryJunta

Communist

DEMOCRACY:

Direct Representative

OLIGARCHY-

Communism Theocracy

Totalitarianism

(AKA REPUBLIC)

Military Junta:• a government led by a committee of military

leaders. The term derives from the Spanish word junta, meaning committee or meeting; specifically a board of directors

• Examples: Thailand & Myanmar

Fascism:• a way of organizing a society in

which a government ruled by a dictator controls the lives of the people and in which people are not allowed to disagree with the government

• very harsh control or authority• Examples: Nazi Germany,

Totalitarianism, & Communist government

Despotism:

• A form of rule where a single leader rules the entire population and all his or her subjects are considered slaves.

• Example: The Pharaoh of Egypt or Tyrannical rule

Anarchy

• Anarchy is a situation where there is no government. This can happen after a civil war in a country, when a government has been destroyed and rival groups are fighting to take its place.

• Anarchists are people who believe that government is a bad thing in that it stops people organizing their own lives.

• Example: After President is killed in Rwanda and the Rwandan Genocide occurs

Revolution:• If a government is

overthrown by force, the new ruling group is sometimes called a revolutionary government.

• Examples: Russian Revolution of 1919, American Revolution, & Cuban Revolution

Transitional • A country that is changing from one type of

government to another has a transitional government.

• For example, a dictatorship may turn into a democracy after the dictator dies.

• The change between governments can take several years.

• Example: Afghanistan

AUTOCRACY

• political power is held by one person– Monarch; king or queen– Dictator– Emperor– TSAR

AUTOCRACY• A government system where political

power is held by one person• Examples:

– Absolute Monarchy; king or queen– Dictatorship– Emperor– TSAR

Monarchy:THERE ARE 2 TYPES:

• Absolute- king or queen has complete power over the nation-state– Does not have to follow

any rules or laws at ALL– All taxes go to king or

queen

• Constitutional- king or queen is bound by the law; constitution– Do not have power over nation-

state– Figurehead only– No real authority – Have to follow the rules and

laws

Constitutional Monarchy:• A government system where a king or queen

are bound by the law; constitution• Also known as a Parliamentary Government

– Do not have power over nation-state– Figurehead only– No real authority – Have to follow the rules and laws

• Examples-– United Kingdom

Absolute Monarchy:

• A government system where a king or queen has complete power over the nation-state (country).– Does not have to follow any rules or laws at ALL– All taxes go to king or queen

• Examples:– Saudi Arabia

DICTATORSHIP• POWER IS ACQUIRED BY FORCE

– DICTATOR HAS ABSOLUTE CONTROL OVER CITIZENS

– OPPOSITION IS SUPPRESSED– NO FREEDOM OF SPEECH– RELIGION IS OUTLAWED– A.K.A. MILITARY JUNTAS IN LATIN AMERICA &

COMMUNIST DICTATORS

Representative Democracy:• A government system in which people

vote and choose leaders– Leaders who are elected write & manage laws for the

country– Leaders are bound by a Constitution– Also known as a REPUBLIC

• Example: Roman Republic (Roman Empire innovated the Athenian Democracy)

Direct Democracy:• A government system where all citizens can

participate & VOTE (MAJORITY RULE WINS)– People control all the POLITICAL power– Responsible for creating & passing laws of the

land

• Examples- Ancient Athens (Greek civilization)

Oligarchy-• Power rests with a small number of

people. • Royalty• Wealthy • Family ties• military control

• Example: – Communist government– Totalitarian government– Absolute Monarchy

COMMUNIST GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT HAS COMPLETE CONTROL OF

CITIZENSGovernment planners decide what will be produced Government owns ALL propertyNO FREEDOMS, RELIGION IS OUTLAWED, & NO

LIBERTIES AT ALLExample: The Former Soviet Union (Russia), Cuba, &

China

THEOCRACY• RULED BY GOD OR HIGHER POWER

– Religious leaders are in control of country– Laws are based on their religious book– Disputes are settled by religious rules and

regulations – Controlled by their religion & religious leaders

• Example: Iran

TOTALITARIANISM

Political power is controlled TOTALLY by the government

Government controls all aspects of life◦ People can only belong to organizations

controlled by government◦No religion is allowed◦One leader or political party maintains

complete control of population◦ People who oppose government are

arrested & sent to labor camps or killed◦ Example: Nazi Germany, Fascism, &

Communist Governments

What’s the difference in the forms of government?

COMMUNISM THEOCRACY • HOW IS RELIGION VIEWED IN BOTH THESE TYPES OF

GOVERNMENT?

http://ncsdhillel.org/2012/03/29/miertetz-tzaphone-torah-from-north-county-parshat-tzav/

What’s the difference in the forms of government?

CONSTITUTIONAL MILITARY DICTATORSHIP MONARCHY

• What are modern differences in government types with ONE un-elected, permanent leader?

SOURCE: https://www.eiu.com/graphics/assets/images/public/hands.png SOURCE: http://www.reginasfamilyseasons.com/2010/10/fear-or-respect-democracy-or.html

What’s the difference in the forms of government?

REPUBLIC TOTALITARIANISM

• What’s the difference in how power is vested in a system and the relationship of the people to power?

SOURCE: http://truedemocracyparty.net/voting-machines/

SOURCE: http://totus-blog.blogspot.com/2010/07/2012-election-and-totalitarianism.html

What’s the difference in the forms of government?

ABSOLUTE MONARCHY DIRECT DEMOCRACY

• What’s the difference in these forms of government? How many people are considered vested with power?

SOURCE: http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/nov/05/bbc.royalsandthemedia

How are these two forms of government alike?

OLIGARCHY DICTATORSHIP

– What is the similarity between these types of governments?

SOURCE: http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2007/nov/05/bbc.royalsandthemediaSOURCE: http://greece.mrdonn.org/athensdemocracy.html

Let’s see what we know…Which are you ready to answer, and which

do you need a peek?

What is the difference between democracy in Canada and in the United States?A Canada is a commonwealth of a constitutional monarchyB Canada’s government is totalitarianC The United States government has unlimited powerD The United States has a commonwealth relationship with Great Britain

Which of the following best explains the difference between a constitutional monarchy and dictatorship?F power is vested in one person in a constitutional monarchyG power is divided among citizens in a dictatorshipH dictators are limited in their application fo powerJ constitutional monarchies limit the monarch’s power through elected parliaments

Talk to each other, and then talk to me…

WG.14.B • Compare how democracy, dictatorship, monarchy,

republic, theocracy, and totalitarian systems operate in specific countries.

• How are the same forms of government used differently in different places?

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=representative+democracy&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=DfIt4JKTWIfrBM&tbnid=5ZO0jGoac0pJTM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.missouri.edu%2Fexec%2Fdata%2Fcourses%2F6796%2Fpublic%2Flesson01%2Flesson01.aspx&ei=TRN4UfCeNqnu2AWR-4C4AQ&psig=AFQjCNGY1bBiDfShKbtA9OVl5DLpHTfw5A&ust=1366910126243809

Of

Rights

How do countries differ in their forms of government?

• Which countries still have a monarchy or constitutional monarchy?

Still Monarchy

1951-2000

1900-1950

Became Republics after independence from a monarchy or colonial power

Gave up monarchy

http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/images/monarchy.gif

MONARCHIES STILL STANDING

Nation Title (in English) Constitutional Limitations Established

Japan Empire 1947

Great Britain Kingdom 1688 (Commonwealths: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, etc. )

Spain Kingdom 1977

Netherlands Kingdom 1848

Sweden Kingdom 1809

Belgium Kingdom 1830

Denmark Kingdom 1849

21 more… 8 are Constitutional Monarchies

SOURCE: http://www.worldaudit.org/

How do countries differ in their forms of government?

According to this source, which countries offer the most rights to their people, and which the least?

Which would you guess follow: Republicanism, Totalitarianism, or something in between?

SOURCE: http://www.worldaudit.org/images/fh99map.gif

How do countries differ in their forms of government?

According to this source, where is democracy most fully engaged? Do you agree or disagree with the sources interpretation?

A Tale of Two Freedoms

• Canada and the United States are both democracies. What accounts for the difference in their type of government if they are both democracies?

Still Monarchy