1876-6102 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ATI 2014doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.12.111
Energy Procedia 81 ( 2015 ) 1013 – 1029
ScienceDirect
aUniversity of Perugia, Dpt. of Industrial Engineering Via G. Duranti 67 – 06125, Perugia, Italy bGuglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio 44 - 00193, Rome, Italy
(Society of Automotive Engineers)
AB, A
Parma- Italy
Keywords CFD
Email address:
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ATI 2014
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2.1 The wind tunnel of the University of Perugia
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VDSC R
D
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0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Wind Speed Aerodynamic Drag
Time [s]
WindSpeed[m
/s]
Aerodyna
micDrag
[kg]
drag coefficient (CD). CD. CD
CD
k- SST
k-
k, k shear stress transport SST
k-
K-Epsilon K-Omega
control volume CV
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3.1. Boundary layer and mesh definition
dimensionless wall distance y+
y+
y u*
y+
common ratiocontrol volume
CCM+ Advanced Layer Mesh
yku
u
uyy
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vs
drag coefficient CD
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RB11.1_A RB11.1_B
5.1. General characteristics
RB11.1_A ARB11.1_B B
Bfront wing excess surface of the headrest, rear extractors
rear hoodA b
B
common ratio
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5.2. Results and comparative analysis
surface X
VenturiB A.
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Arear hood underbody
B
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5.3. Analysis of the aerodynamic forces and weight distribution
A B;
A B down-forcesB,
A, A B, improvement
iA
iA
iB
FFFI
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ith A BB
A
B nose
A B
B
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