Strategy Report
France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action (2021-2030)
This strategy was jointly drafted by the:• Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE);• Ministry of the Economy, Finance and the Recovery (MEFR);• Ministry of Justice (MINJUST);• Ministry of the Interior (MININT);• French Anti-Corruption Authority (AFA);• Cour des Comptes;• High Authority for Transparency in Public Life (HATVP);• Agence Française de Développement Group (AFD and Expertise France);• Canal France International (CFI);• General Secretariat for European Affairs (SGAE).
This document is available online on the France Diplomatie website: www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en
All rights of adaptation, translation and reproduction by all means, including photocopies and microfilm, are reserved for all countries.
3Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM
Strategy report
France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
5Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM
Table of contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapter 1 Issues, background, scope and implementation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.1 Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2 Background .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.3 Scope .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.4 Strategy implementation, monitoring and evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Chapter 2 Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
2.1 Action thrust 1: Reinforcing the French approach to combating corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
• Specific objective 1: Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation concerning anti-corruption . . . . . . .13
• Specific objective 2: Specific objective 2: Limiting the risk that the work of French .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
2.2 Action thrust 2: Promoting anti-corruption and better governance in international cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
• Specific objective 3: Promoting transparency and accountability in the public sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
• Specific objective 4: Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to combat corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
• Specific objective 5: Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to combating corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.3 Action thrust 3: Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
• Specific objective 6: Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
• Specific objective 7: Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
• Specific objective 8: Drawing on local institutions and in particular, on Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Appendix 1: The theory of change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Appendix 2: Accountability framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Acronyms and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
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Foreword
Fighting corruption is central to the rule of law and a necessary condition for the respect of human rights. A global phenomenon affecting all countries, corruption weakens the legitimacy of public authorities, undermines the effective operation of democratic institutions and hinders economic and social development. The society as a whole suffers from its consequences. Fighting corruption improves access to basic rights but also builds citizens’ confidence in the State.
The importance and transnational nature of these issues highlights the need to make fighting corruption a priority of French cooperation. This strategy is therefore a leading instrument of our cooperation, and particularly of our official development assistance. It will guide France in its efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
Drafted by all the French institutions concerned,* this strategy provides a framework for joint action and provides a working method for all the French cooperation actors.
Lastly, this strategy aims to provide a real added value in the field. It sets out a series of tangible actions with a clear timeline.
France commits alongside all of its partners – institutions, companies, civil society organizations, etc. – to work together to curb corruption. Using an inclusive approach based on dialogue, this commitment will be seen in the promotion of transparency and accountability as well as support for local institutions. With unwavering determination to closely collaborate with civil society, France has reaffirmed its priority to place citizens at the heart of its cooperation action.
Michel Miraillet
Director-General for Global Affairs, Culture, Education and International Development
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* Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE), Ministry of the Economy, Finance and the Recovery (MEF), Ministry of Justice (MINJUST), Ministry of the Interior (MININT), French Anti-Corruption Agency (AFA), Cour des Comptes, High Authority for Transparency in Public Life (HATVP), Agence Française de Développement Group (AFD and Expertise France), Canal France International (CFI) and the General Secretariat for European Affairs (SGAE)
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Chapter 1Issues, background, scope and implementation
1.1 Issues
French law defines corruption as the offer, promise, request or acceptance of an advantage, in order to act or refrain from acting in the performance of one’s duties, public or private.1 Corruption can be either passive or active: requesting an advantage or accepting it are both punished equally. For the purposes of the present strategy, the decision has been made to keep to a broad acceptance of the concept of corruption, by covering all forms of integrity breaches.2 There is no universally accepted definition of the term.
Corruption is a global phenomenon that impinges on all territories, industries and actors. The World Bank and the World Economic Forum estimate that bribery and misappropriated funds, which are difficult to evaluate, amount to 3.6 trillion dollars every year, representing 5% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP)3.
It is a major factor in slowing down development but it also impacts developed countries. Economic activity and State legitimacy suffer from the many negative effects of corruption, such as the misappropriation of funds, dented investor confidence, confiscation of natural resources and lower levels of government resources. Corruption distorts competition, encourages informal economic activity and decreases tax acceptability.
Corruption also has an adverse effect on optimal funding allocation and the effectiveness of public policies. It affects the State’s capacity to provide high-quality services, by placing obstacles in the way of the equitable and effective distribution of goods and services. It contributes to greater inequality and erodes the trust of citizens in government institutions and representatives.
Trust is also dented when corruption extends to electoral processes, thus delegitimizing the democratic process. Overall, corruption undermines the rule of law and represents an obstacle to the fulfillment of human rights.
Corruption is a breeding ground for crime, including organized crime, terrorism and armed groups, when their networks draw on misappropriated funds or the actors involved use corruption to their ends. It is a contributing factor to crisis and vulnerability and has a negative impact on security and stability, nationally, regionally and internationally.
1.2 Background
Many texts and initiatives have dealt with the fight against corruption, and its link to development, both at the level of multilateral institutions (UN, OECD and EU) and bodies (G7 and G20), and at the national level.
The 2030 Agenda, published in 2015 by the United Nations, sets out 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including the goal to “Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels” (Goal 16). In other words, only sustainable development can ensure democratic governance and that depends on fighting corruption (Target 16.5 focuses on corruption).
On the European Union side, the new European Consensus on Development adopted in 2017 also reflects the link between corruption and development.
These texts, including three flagship documents setting the framework for the fight against corruption,
1. Articles 432-11 and 433-1 of the Penal Code (bribery of public officials); Articles 435-1 and 435-3 of the Penal Code (bribery of foreign public officials)
2. Including, among the most frequent breaches: bribery of a public official, influence peddling, abuse of office, misappropriation of public funds, corruption in the private sector, unlawful taking of interest, favouritism, obstruction of justice.
3. “Global Cost of Corruption at Least 5 Per Cent of World Gross Domestic Product, Secretary-General Tells Security Council, Citing World Economic Forum Data”, UN News, 10 September 2018 (https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sc13493.doc.htm)
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4. Corruption is also mentioned in Article 83 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, which stipulates that minimum rules for defining offences and sanctions may be enacted via directives.
5. In accordance with the implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention (in phase 4) which began on 15 January 2021, France is being evaluated on the fight against corruption with regard to its development assistance (including the different anti-corruption components: prevention, compliance and ethics, detection and whistle-blowing and sanctions).
6. Act 2016-1691 of 9 December 2016 on transparency, anti-corruption and economic modernization
7. The Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005) and the Accra Agenda for Action (2008) established the first three principles and commitments mentioned above. The Busan Partnership is the agreement that was drawn up during the fourth High-Level Forum (HLF-4) in Busan on Aid Effectiveness.
“Money laundering, corruption, illicit financial flows, and tax evasion and avoidance continue to derail sustainable development, disproportionately affecting developing countries. The EU and its Member States will work with partner countries to promote progressive taxation, anti-corruption measures and redistributive public expenditure policies, and to tackle illicit financial flows so as to promote access to quality basic services for all.”
New European Consensus on Development, 2017
BOX 1
supplement the treaties and agreements in this field adopted over the years, in order to organize the international community’s response:4
• The United Nations Convention against Corruption (Merida Convention), was signed on 31 October 2003 and entered into force on 14 December 2005. It was ratified by nearly all States (187). Its particularly broad scope focuses on international cooperation and corruption prevention, among other issues.
• The Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (OECD) was signed on 17 December 1997 and entered into force on 15 February 1999. This key instrument in the fight against corruption, one of the first in this field, targets the bribery of foreign public officials.5
• The Criminal Law Convention on Corruption of the Council of Europe was signed on 27 January 1999 and entered into force on 1 August 2008. It aims to incriminate a wide range of corruption offences in a coordinated manner and to improve international cooperation in order to accelerate and enable the prosecution of both corruptors and those corrupted.
In France, the act on transparency, anti-corruption and economic modernization, known as the “Sapin 2” Act of 9 December 20166, aims to raise French legislation to the highest European and international anti-corruption standards. It aims to instill more transparency in the public decision-making process and economic life and to combat corruption more effectively, especially abroad, with prevention and policing components. The law also created
the French Anti-Corruption Agency (AFA) the aim of which is to assist competent authorities and the persons faced with these issues to prevent and detect instances of corruption, influence peddling, unlawful taking of interest, misappropriation of public funds and favouritism.
France’s political commitment to this issue is also manifest in its political declarations:• The G7 declaration, “Transparency in Public Procurement and the Common Fight against Corruption”, adopted during the French presidency in 2019, especially promotes open methods and practices in public procurement, with the aim of making the bidding process more effective, fair and transparent. It also highlights the importance of international cooperation in combating corruption.
• The Busan Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation (2011) reaffirms:7
– the principle of focusing on results;– the commitment to use and reinforce developing countries’ systems (administrative, such as management and accountancy);– the possibility for civil society organizations to play their part in development;– the commitment to focus efforts on establishing transparent systems for the management of public funds;
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– the need to work towards better budget transparency and to reinforce independent mechanisms, in order to comply with the rule of law and to protect whistle-blowers in the fight against corruption.
1.3 Scope
As national and international legislative frameworks evolve, there is a growing demand for technical assistance on this issue. This is the background for this French strategy, the aim of which is to ensure the overall coherence of all the anti-corruption activities undertaken abroad by French cooperation actors. Cooperation here is taken to mean the technical cooperation activities8 led by France and one or several other States and activities carried out under official development assistance (ODA) policy. This also includes international initiatives led by French institutions in this field.
The strategy addresses the need to ensure that no assistance provided by France to partner countries can be used to fuel corruption, as well as the need to support the fight against corruption in France’s partner countries. It covers all aspects of combating corruption, including prevention. It provides a framework of reference for the identification, implementation and monitoring of all international cooperation activities developed by French actors.
It also relates to:• the OECD Recommendation of the Council for Development Co-operation Actors on Managing Risks of Corruption (2016), which provides details of anti-corruption measures to be implemented in cooperation and development organizations (such as ministries and agencies);
• the evaluation of France’s contribution to the improvement of financial governance in countries receiving official development assistance (2006-2016), led jointly by the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (MEAE), the French Ministry for the Economy, Finance and the Recovery (MEFR) and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD).
The strategy is a global one, in the sense that it does not set out geography-based priorities. However, bilateral development cooperation is carried out by ODA beneficiaries, set by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC), and more specifically with the ODA priority countries, as set by the Interministerial Committee for International Cooperation and Development.
1.4 Strategy implementation, monitoring and evaluation
The strategy will be implemented by French institutions involved in international cooperation in general and in the fight against corruption in particular, including:• the MEAE; • the MEFR; • the French Ministry of Justice (MINJUST); • the French Ministry of the Interior (MININT);• the AFA; • the Cour des Comptes and the Regional and Territorial Chambers of Accounts; • the High Authority for Transparency in Public Life (HATVP); • the Agence Française de Développement group (AFD and Expertise France); • Canal France International (CFI); • the General Secretariat for European Affairs (SGAE).
In order to ensure that international best practices are adopted in implementing the strategy, these institutions have also developed an "accountability framework” (see Appendix 2).9 Monitoring activities and indicators have been identified for each of the strategy’s objectives. They will serve to make a tangible evaluation of the progress achieved. In addition, technical and strategic monitoring will be carried out separately by two bodies:
• The co-secretariat of the Interministerial Committee for International Cooperation and Development (COSEC-CICID) will make strategic-level decisions, with the above-mentioned French institutional actors. At least once year, it will be tasked with evaluating progress in implementing the strategy and may, if necessary, decide on measures to accelerate progress;
• A technical committee (COTEC)10 will meet a minimum of twice a year. Its task will be to provide information for accountability framework indicators throughout the year and to provide COSEC-CICID meetings with data.
The implementation of the strategy will be evaluated five years after its publication and again in 2030 (the date fixed for achieving the SDGs). The first evaluation may lead to amending the strategy.
The following documents will be published in a spirit of transparency and accountability of France’s action: • evaluations of the strategy mentioned above; • periodic implementation reports.
8. Except for “operational” cooperation, that is, mutual assistance criminal matters regarding corruption.
9. See p. xx
10. Includes the French institutional actors mentioned above.
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Chapter 2Goals
The overall goal for French cooperation activities is aligned with the commitment France made as part of the 2030 Agenda and, more specifically, with target 16.5:11
There is less corruption in French cooperation partner countries.
This overall goal has three action thrusts, with eight specific objectives between them.
Corruption is reduced in French cooperation partner countries
1. Reinforcing the French approach to combating
corruption
1. Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation concerning
anti-corruption
3. Promoting transparency and accountability in the public
sector
6. Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations
2. Limiting the risk that the work of French actors fuels
corruption
4. Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to
combat corruption
5. Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to
raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to
combating corruption
7. Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors
8. Drawing on local institutions and in particular, on Supreme
Audit Institutions (SAIs)
2. Promoting anti-corruption and better governance in international cooperation
3. Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local
institutions
Overall goal
Action thrusts
Specific objectives
11. Target 16.5: “Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms”.
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2.1 Action thrust 1: Reinforcing the French approach to combating corruption
This thrust focuses on reinforcing the fight against corruption in France’s cooperation action, building on the progress achieved in national legislation and on the combined experience of the French actors involved in international cooperation.
Specific objective 1: Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation concerning anti-corruption
The strategy contributes to reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation in the field of anti-corruption by setting out common objectives for French actors. France will organize and develop its pool of expertise working under its cooperation policy to combat corruption, by calling on Expertise France, the overarching agency for the ministries and professions concerned.
These French experts will need to benefit from the feedback and lessons learnt following cooperation projects led by France. To that end, actors involved will devise a system that will enable them to share feedback on anti-corruption international cooperation, on a regular basis.
The lessons learnt from previous evaluation exercises must also benefit French cooperation projects. Four key lessons relate to the effectiveness of these projects. First, anti-corruption cooperation has been successful when it was able to take advantage of a window of opportunity promptly (policy makers’ interest or public opinion, for instance).12 France will also adopt a flexible approach that will enable it to be proactive in the event that a change of context in a partner country creates an opportunity to combat corruption.
Second, these windows of opportunity are closely linked to political will and the local political economy (understood here to mean the benefits to the members of a political system). They need to be analysed, in order to arrive at a comprehensive understanding of the context and of the realistic areas for improvement, given that context.13 In line with this conclusion, France will take local political will and the political economy into account more systematically, to guide the selection, development and implementation of anti-corruption cooperation projects that it funds.
Third, France will adopt an approach based on the achievement of impact and results, in line with best practices in development cooperation.14 It will seek to ensure that its cooperation activities in the fight against corruption have the most lasting impact possible.
Lastly, France will ensure, in the context of its budgetary support, that it places greater emphasis on taking account of partner countries’ reforms in public finance management and transparency, as well as on the risks of corruption, linked with the European Union’s budgetary support practices. For instance, targets for improvements in public finance management and in good governance will be incorporated into French budgetary support more systematically.
Specific objective 2: Limiting the risk that the work of French actors fuel corruption
France will finalize the deployment of systems for the detection and prevention of integrity breaches in French cooperation institutions and actors, by ensuring that the measures implemented are effective and of high quality.
French actors will reinforce their collaboration on the identification and management of risk relating to international corruption, especially by sharing information and best
12. Source : https://www.u4.no/publications/twenty-years-with-anti-corruption-part-1-old-issue-new-concern
13. Evaluation of the French contribution to improving financial governance in countries benefiting from official development assistance (2006-2016), p. 101: “Upstream diagnostic work to differentiate between needs and requests is possible and should be included in project formulation based on:
1) PEFA-style standard evaluations (where available);
2) An analysis of the political economy, so as to establish what the realistic areas for improvement are and where they can be found – an exercise that goes beyond simply identifying needs based on shortcomings revealed thanks to standard evaluations;
3) In-depth communication with the partner country.
Needs are to be determined according to local demand and the work of other PTFs, so that priorities may be set and the most appropriate support mechanism identified. French institutions should be able to indicate whether they provide relevant expertise and to communicate needs to partners who may be able to respond.”
14. Results-based management or approaches are understood to mean: - setting out realistic outcomes, based on appropriate analysis; - identifying programme beneficiaries precisely and developing the programmes that meet their needs; - monitoring progress with relevant indicators; - identifying and managing risk; - increasing knowledge, by drawing on lessons learnt and incorporating them in the decision-making process; - publishing reports on the results achieved and the resources used.
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practices. The focus will be on reinforcing discussions among French actors concerning the approach to be adopted in case of heightened risk.
Civil society members may be consulted for the purposes of context analysis, prior to country risk assessments.
Lastly, France commits to ensuring that the ministries involved set up a training programme on anti-corruption issues and the French system of prevention and sanction for French staff sent on an assignment abroad.
2.2 Action thrust 2: Promoting anti-corruption and better governance in international cooperation
Specific objective 3: Promoting transparency and accountability in the public sector
Accountability for public actors – and more generally, for any organization that benefits from public funds – means accounting to citizens for the management of these funds (financial management and effectiveness of the work carried out for the benefit of everyone). Reports and the monitoring of observations and recommendations by local Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) and parliaments contribute to accountability. Funders must encourage the reinforcement of local systems to audit the proper use of public funds, both in terms of their legality and of public policy effectiveness.
France will appeal for a stronger culture of internal audit and risk management. It will support stronger control systems and public internal audit, as well as inspection systems and external audit (from SAIs and parliaments for instance). It will continue to support audit bodies and institutions.
In addition, France will continue to support reforms on transparency and access to information. France will thus support transparency and accountability in the management of public resources. In addition to simply publishing documents and making them available, France will encourage communication on public policies, budgets and the taking into account of SAI recommendations, for instance. Communication will form an integral part of transparency and accountability, so that individuals may access and use information.
France will continue to support extending the Open Government Partnership to new countries, especially Francophone countries. It will also, via its cooperation
projects, continue to endorse the dissemination of open government principles. These help combat corruption, by appealing for more transparent and inclusive governance, with the full involvement of civil society actors in the development and monitoring of public policies.
France will promote transparency in public life. The French approach to auditing the integrity of public officials and staff will be promoted abroad. In particular, France will share its progress on auditing officials’ assets and on preventing conflicts of interest in the public sphere.
Digitization can be useful tool in reducing the number of intermediaries and limiting opportunities for corruption. The ability to audit information systems and the traceability of operations make it easier for public action to be audited and accountable. Frances recognizes the benefit of digital technology and will support those activities that use it, especially with a view to securing public procurement, and public income and expenditure.
Lastly, France will ensure that the French mechanism for the return of goods seized in transnational corruption cases to the citizens of plundered countries complies with the principles of judicial sovereignty, traceability and accountability.
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The Open Government Partnership (OGP) is an international initiative bringing together 80 countries, 15 “local governments” and hundreds of civil society organizations working towards transparency of public action, civic engagement and democratic innovation.
Every two years, member countries develop national action plans to implement the principles of open government, in consultation with civil society. Independent experts then evaluate the implementation of these plans.
In October 2017, the Agence Française de Développement launched the Open Government Support Program in Francophone Developing Countries (PAGOF). Investment totalling €3.5 million has been allocated to a bilateral programme for the implementation of open government commitments in Tunisia, Côte d’Ivoire and Burkina Faso and €1 million has been paid into the World Bank OGP Multi-Donor Trust Fund.
Combating corruption is one of the OGP’s major goals, which already featured in the 2011 declaration as a key commitment. It counted as one of major goals at the OGP meeting co-chaired by France in 2016.
Not only does the OGP represent a unique resource for advancing the global agenda for integrity collectively, it also helps individual States when it comes to their national anti-corruption agenda.
BOX 2
Specific objective 4: Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to combat corruption
In addition to the traditional cooperation activities that contribute to reducing corruption, four themes are the focus of particular attention.
a) Protecting whistle-blowers
This theme is in line with the “Human Rights and Development” strategy, making the protection of human rights advocates (including whistle-blowers) a priority for France.
France will appeal for ambitious language in multilateral documents concerning the protection of whistle-blowers.
It will encourage initiatives that support whistle-blowers working in the anti-corruption field.
It will promote a number of measures, including those that aim to improve the status of whistle-blowers in partner countries, implement the reporting process and inform citizens of the whistle-blower status. It will be all the more important for us to work closely with the European Union and to support the work already carried out on whistle-blowing, given how complex this topic is to deal with, anti-corruption already being a sensitive field.
b) Transparency in extractive industries
Transparency in extractive industries (mining and oil and gas extraction) is at the very core of all the economic development and governance issues in many countries that enjoy abundant natural resources and potentially depend on them.
France will promote recognized international standards on transparency in this industry (especially the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative EITI - standard and the OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas). Particular attention will be paid to those areas that are most at risk from corruption: granting licenses, contracts, actual beneficiaries, trade in raw materials and state-owned companies.
France will promote the implementation of these commitments, as part of its development cooperation activities. It will do so by supporting reform efforts in producing countries and also by building capacity in civil society organizations, their involvement in these processes being critical to the credibility of the accountability framework.
© T
ran
spar
ency
Inte
rnat
ion
al
Digital and transparency award ceremony, 2017.
17Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM16 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
c) Public-private partnerships (PPPs)
Because of their size, these complex and long-term projects represent significant financial challenges. Risk is particularly high in the absence of suitable governance or effective audit systems, or where the selection process is not transparent.
Building on its experience of public-private partnerships (PPPs), France will continue to support capacity building in partner countries, by drawing on international best practices and by engaging French actors, in order to:
• implement appropriate legal and institutional frameworks, by promoting the Quality Infrastructure Investment principles adopted by the G20, which aim to achieve objectives of accountability, traceability, transparency and effectiveness in project development;
• guide public project owners in the development of PPP infrastructure projects (at the planning, structuring, procurement and transaction stages) via dedicated technical assistance programmes and support in the deployment of the SOURCE platform15 –this infrastructure project piloting tool was developed by multilateral development banks and provides standardized and comprehensive coverage of all the aspects that need to be addressed when developing high-quality and sustainable infrastructures;
• reinforce PPP audit capacity by SAIs, anti-corruption authorities, industry regulatory authorities and public procurement regulatory authorities, authorities in charge of the ex-ante control of procurement procedures and PPP units in charge of delivering opinions on the preliminary evaluation of unsolicited offers.
France will continue to train actors on these issues, including by using the 2019 Legislative Guide on Public-Private Partnerships drawn up by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), which sets out a number of anti-corruption measures.
d) Public procurement
Public procurement accounts for around 13% of global GDP. Fraud and corruption distort public procurement procedures and institutions, to the detriment of citizens (tax payers and public service users). The United Nations estimates that 10 to 25% of public contracts’ market value is lost to corruption each year. In general terms, low levels of transparency in procurement, a lack of integrity in institutions and the absence of accountability from prom public purchasers increase the risk of corruption in public
procurement. The importance of this theme was highlighted in the 2019 G7 declaration on Transparency in Public Procurement and the Common Fight against Corruption. The COVID-19 pandemic also revealed many scandals relating to corruption in public procurement.France will encourage the reinforcement of public procurement systems and in particular:
• the promotion and improvement of an international tool for the examination of contract award procedures, by continuing its involvement in the Methodology for Assessing Procurement Systems (MAPS)16 initiative;
• the promotion of legal frameworks and instruments that help reinforce integrity and transparency in public contract award procedures, especially by developing electronic purchasing systems and tools to manage the risk of corruption;
• support for the reinforcement of public procurement audit bodies;
• a stronger appeal to French companies bidding for public contracts abroad.
Specific objective 5: Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to combating corruption
France will promote activities that enhance the competencies of officers in the law enforcement services dedicated to anti-corruption, by working with the countries that wish to reinforce their investigative procedures and judiciary with regard to economic and financial crime (specialized police and prosecution units). These activities will draw especially on the work of Expertise France and Civipol, the technical international cooperation agency at the French Ministry for the Interior.
15. This platform has been designed as part of the G20’s work to promote sustainable infrastructures. It covers all aspects of project operations, from design to completion, including compliance.
16. MAPS is a multilateral initiative, for which the OECD provides the secretariat. It aims to improve contract award procedures, by offering a methodology that assesses both strengths and weaknesses, thus guiding reform efforts.
17. For its part, the AFA signed cooperation protocols with the European Development Bank in 2018, with the Inter-American Development Bank in 2019 and with the African Development Bank in 2020.
17Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM16 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
2.3 Action thrust 3: Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local institutions
Specific objective 6: Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations
France will reinforce its collaboration with international institutions, multilateral banks and regional development banks, by signing cooperation agreements to facilitate joint investigations and the sharing of information on corruption risk.17
It will continue its close collaboration on the fight against corruption with international organizations (IOs) and the public development agencies that operate in partner countries.
Specific objective 7: Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors
France will pursue its action in order to develop partnerships involving public officials in partner countries and civil society representatives, including the private sector. Specific efforts need to be deployed to promote the added value of civil society organizations (CSOs) contributing to the design, monitoring and evaluation of development projects led by local and regional authorities. Civic engagement is essential for these authorities, enabling them to generate proposals and influence the work of national authorities. Concerning technical assistance projects, France will seek to combine institutional cooperation with stronger counter-powers (meaning civil society and young people, for instance) as far as is possible. In particular, information actors (including media outlets, journalists, bloggers and influencers) can contribute to strengthening accountability and transparency in local institutions and public policies. They are also often the ones who actually expose corruption.
With that in mind, and relating to objective 4, France will continue to support civil society organizations, especially information actors, who work on transparency and accountability.
The associations representing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs),18 intermediate-sized enterprises (ISEs), international bilateral chambers of commerce and industry (CCIs), French Foreign Trade Advisors (CCEF), the Paris International Chamber of Commerce (CCIP), the French Business Confederation (MEDEF International) and the French Council of Investors in Africa (CIAN) will be more closely involved in the overall goal of reducing corruption in French cooperation partner countries.
18. Especially the Confederation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (CPME).
© T
ran
spar
ency
Inte
rnat
ion
al©
Tra
nsp
aren
cy In
tern
atio
nal
Training of investigative journalists, 2019.
Raising students’ awareness of the fight against corruption, 2019.
19Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM18 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
Tasked with auditing public funds, SAIs have a role to play in the audit of funds derived from aid programmes. To that end, they are equipped with the necessary competencies and investigation tools:
• as part of their own activities, this role represents a de facto guarantee in principle for the donor, even though the latter may have no say in defining audit priorities and timelines. However, all SAIs do not have the remit to conduct an audit of donors’ funds, all the more so when these funds do not transit through the Public Treasury;
• as part of a cooperation programme, as set out in an agreement among the donor, the partner State and the SAI. In that case, the audit priorities and timeline form the object of an agreement, with the SAI retaining its independence. When the SAI is called upon in this manner, part of the aid programme may include specific funding so that the additional audit does not burden the SAI’s resources unduly.19
BOX 3
19. The International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) is seeking to facilitate the work of SAIs in that context, while ensuring that precautions are taken to avoid compromising their independence and their legitimacy in serving their country’s citizens.
Specific objective 8: Drawing on local institutions and in particular, on Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs)
SAIs are an important contributor to the fight against corruption and corruption prevention by virtue of their work in auditing public funds. Their independence, rigorous methods and investigation measures must be encouraged. France considers that SAIs with stronger powers and more capacity are an important factor in the development process.
France will continue to support projects that reinforce SAIs, enabling them to develop their independence and their legitimacy in serving citizens, as well as their technical skills, especially regarding investigative audit and the application of recommendations contained in SAI reports.
France will promote local SAIs and support the role they play in the independent and rigorous auditing and monitoring of aid programmes, with regard to the appropriateness of the use of funds and potentially, programme performance. Support will be provided irrespective of whether SAIs are conducting audits as part of their regular activities or ad hoc, by way of an agreement with the donor.
© E
xper
tise
Fra
nce
Start of a project to strengthen supervisory institutions, 2021.
Lastly, it will support the development of cooperation among the SAI, anti-corruption authorities and judicial authorities in each country with regard to: the identification of suspected cases of corruption, reports of such cases, prosecution, judgement and monitoring of the decisions made. In its discussions with partner authorities, it will appeal for the implementation of anti-corruption systems that are both impartial and free of jurisdictional conflicts.
19Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM18 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
Appendix 1:The theory of change
20. Formulated by Transparency International
21. https://www.transparency.org/en/news/global-corruption-barometer-citizens-voices-from-around-the-world
Rationale for action
Expected result Objectively verifiable indicators Success scenarios
Overall goal There is less corruption in French cooperation partner countries
Corruption Perceptions Index20 in priority countries for French development aid, identified by the CICID (average and number of countries improving)Global Corruption Barometer21
Political stability Political will in partner countries
Thrust 1 The French approach is reinforced
Pool of experts updated at least once a yearPercentage of French actors (see the list in section 1.4, p. x) which have finalized their procedures for the detection and prevention of integrity breaches
Availability of French expertise in very specific areas (police cooperation, transparency in public life, etc.)On-going availability of human and financial resources for cooperation in this field
SO1 Reinforcing the effectiveness of French cooperation work concerning the fight against corruption
SO2 Limiting the risk that the work of French actors fuel corruption
Thrust 2 Good governance and the fight against corruption are promoted in the context of international cooperation
Number of cooperation projects in the anti-corruption field (by priority theme)
On-going availability of human and financial resources for cooperation in this field
SO3 Promoting transparency and accountability in the public sector
SO4 Reinforcing France’s cooperation in priority areas to combat corruption:1. Protecting whistle-blowers 2. Transparency in extractive industries3. Public-private partnerships (PPPs)4. Public procurement
SO5 Encouraging law enforcement cooperation with a view to raising the competency level of the actors dedicated to combating corruption
Thrust 3 There is support for the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local SAIs
Number of joint activities carried out with IOs
Number of contributions to CSOs
Number of contributions to SAIs
Local SAIs act in a professional (and non-politicized) manner, operating as a counter-powerFavourable momentum in the political economy of SAIs, with external contributions making for more political weight.
On-going availability of human and financial resources for cooperation in this field
SO6 Reinforcing collaboration with international organizations
SO7 Reinforcing collaboration with non-state actors
SO8 Drawing on local institutions and in particular on Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs)
21Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM20 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
Appendix 2:Accountability framework
This “accountability framework” adopts the method normally used in project management, so as to ensure that the strategy is monitored and evaluated.
21Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM20 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
Appendix 2:Accountability framework
Ob
ject
ive
Act
ion
Ind
icat
ors
Targ
ets
(min
imum
)St
arti
ng
situ
atio
n
(str
ateg
y p
ublic
atio
n d
ate)
In c
har
ge o
f im
ple
men
tin
g th
e ac
tio
n
Dea
dlin
e
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
1: R
ein
forc
ing
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s o
f Fr
ench
co
op
erat
ion
co
nce
rnin
g th
e fi
ght
agai
nst
co
rrup
tio
n
1.1 S
truc
turi
ng
and
dev
elo
pin
g p
oo
ls o
f Fr
ench
ex
per
tise
on
an
ti-c
orr
upti
on
Cre
atin
g p
oo
ls o
f ex
per
tise
Freq
uen
cy a
t w
hic
h
file
s ar
e up
dat
ed
Num
ber
of
exp
erts
id
enti
fied
(bro
ken
d
ow
n a
cco
rdin
g to
cr
iter
ia y
et t
o b
e es
tab
lish
ed)
Th
ere
is a
po
ol o
f ex
per
ts in
ea
ch in
stit
utio
n
File
s ar
e up
dat
ed o
nce
a
year
No
po
ol o
f ex
per
tsEx
per
tise
Fra
nce
, A
FA, H
AT
VP,
M
INJU
ST, M
EFR
, M
ININ
T, t
he
Co
urt
of
Aud
it, t
he
Fren
ch N
atio
nal
Sc
ho
ol f
or
the
Jud
icia
ry (E
NM
), A
FD
End
202
1En
d 2
030
1.2
Flex
ible
ap
pro
ach:
imp
lem
enti
ng a
Fre
nch
fund
d
edic
ated
to
str
engt
heni
ng t
rans
par
ency
and
ac
coun
tab
ility
, and
to
co
mb
atin
g co
rrup
tio
n, s
o t
hat
acti
on
can
be
take
n p
rom
ptl
y w
here
a w
ind
ow o
f o
pp
ort
unit
y ha
s b
een
iden
tifi
edT
he t
ype
of
acti
on
to b
e fu
nded
and
car
ried
out
is
to b
e an
alys
ed a
gain
st t
he c
ont
ext
of
each
co
untr
y
Fun
d s
et u
p1
fun
d s
et u
p a
nd
o
per
atio
nal
No
mec
han
ism
in p
lace
fo
r ta
kin
g ac
tio
n p
rom
ptl
y o
n t
hes
e is
sues
in t
he
pre
sen
ce o
f a
win
do
w o
f o
pp
ort
unit
y
AFD
End
202
4
1.3
Taki
ng
into
acc
oun
t p
olit
ical
will
an
d t
he
po
litic
al e
con
om
y w
hen
sel
ecti
ng
and
car
ryin
g o
ut
anti
-co
rrup
tio
n c
oo
per
atio
n p
roje
cts
Perc
enta
ge o
f ant
i-co
rrup
tio
n p
roje
ct
do
cum
ents
tha
t co
ntai
n a
par
agra
ph
o
n p
olit
ical
will
and
th
e p
olit
ical
eco
nom
y
60%
Polit
ical
will
an
d t
he
po
litic
al e
con
om
y n
ot
take
n in
to a
cco
unt
syst
emat
ical
ly
MEA
E, A
FD,
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce,
wit
h s
upp
ort
fro
m
the
AFA
End
203
0
1.4.
1 D
evel
op
ing
mea
sure
men
t an
d d
iagn
ost
ic t
oo
ls
con
cern
ing
corr
upti
on
an
d g
ove
rnan
ceT
he
po
ssib
ility
of
dev
elo
pin
g an
inte
rnat
ion
al a
nd
st
and
ard
ized
“m
eth
od
olo
gy”,
aim
ing
to e
xam
ine
corr
upti
on
issu
es o
bje
ctiv
ely
and
to
iden
tify
re
form
leve
rs, w
ill b
e ev
alua
ted
an
d im
ple
men
ted
, if
ap
pro
pri
ate.
A s
tud
y w
ill b
e co
nd
ucte
d t
o t
hat
en
d a
nd
dis
cuss
ion
s w
ill t
ake
pla
ce in
inte
rnat
ion
al
foru
ms
Dis
cuss
ion
s o
n t
his
is
sue
wit
h IO
sSt
udy
con
duc
ted
on
h
ow
to
mea
sure
an
d
exam
ine
corr
upti
on
1 d
iscu
ssio
n w
ith
the
OEC
D
1 d
iscu
ssio
n w
ith
the
EU1
dis
cuss
ion
wit
h th
e W
orld
Ba
nk1
pre
sent
atio
n b
y Ex
per
tise
Fr
ance
on
the
wo
rk a
chie
ved
as
par
t o
f the
pro
ject
in
Leb
ano
n ai
med
at
iden
tify
ing
corr
upti
on
ind
icat
ors
1 d
ecis
ion
on
whe
ther
and
ho
w t
o p
ursu
e th
is is
sue
1 st
udy
cond
ucte
d
Fran
ce, a
ctin
g vi
a th
e A
FA
and
the
HA
TVP,
cur
rent
ly
cont
ribut
es t
o t
he
dev
elo
pm
ent
of in
dic
ato
rs,
in o
rder
to
eva
luat
e th
e im
ple
men
tati
on
of t
he
OEC
D R
eco
mm
end
atio
n
on
Pub
lic In
tegr
ity
MEA
EA
FD f
or
the
stud
yA
ll ac
tors
will
m
on
ito
r th
is w
ork
an
d in
corp
ora
te it
in
pro
ject
se
lect
ion
cyc
les
End
202
2
23Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM22 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
1.4.
2 C
on
solid
atin
g m
on
ito
rin
g an
d e
valu
atio
n
pro
ced
ures
co
nce
rnin
g th
e w
ork
un
der
take
n b
y Fr
ench
act
ors
Wh
ere
po
ssib
le, e
nsu
rin
g th
at e
ach
fun
ded
pro
ject
is
incl
uded
in a
n e
valu
atio
n c
ycle
(pro
ject
ev
alua
tio
n, p
rogr
amm
e, e
tc.)
Shar
ing
eval
uati
on
rep
ort
s w
ith
oth
er F
ren
ch a
nd
Eu
rop
ean
act
ors
, wh
ere
rele
van
t
Req
uest
fo
r d
etai
led
te
chn
ical
an
d
fin
anci
al r
epo
rts
for
all t
he
pro
ject
s fu
nd
ed b
y th
e C
oo
per
atio
n a
nd
C
ultu
ral A
ctio
n
Serv
ice(
SCA
C) a
nd
th
e M
EAE
Perc
enta
ge o
f ev
alua
tio
n r
epo
rts
shar
ed
90%
of
tech
nic
al a
nd
fi
nan
cial
rep
ort
s fo
r fu
nd
ed
pro
ject
s av
aila
ble
100%
of
eval
uati
on
rep
ort
s sh
ared
100%
of
tech
nic
al a
nd
fi
nan
cial
rep
ort
s fo
r p
roje
cts
fun
ded
by
the
MEA
E si
nce
201
8 av
aila
ble
SCA
C, M
EAE,
AFD
an
d E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
End
203
0
1.4.3
Con
duc
ting
the
stu
die
s re
qui
red
to re
info
rce
Fren
ch a
ctio
n, in
clud
ing
one
stud
y on
feed
back
in
com
bati
ng in
tern
atio
nal c
orru
pti
on o
ver t
he p
ast
20
to 3
0 ye
ars
Stud
y co
nd
ucte
d
(yes
/no)
St
udy
pub
lish
edN
o s
tud
y. 1
tec
hn
ical
p
aper
has
bee
n p
rod
uced
, b
ased
on
fee
db
ack
rela
tin
g to
th
e fi
ght
agai
nst
inte
rnat
ion
al
corr
upti
on
AFD
AFD
All
Fren
ch a
cto
rs
will
mo
nit
or
this
w
ork
End
202
2
1.4.
4 Su
stai
nab
ility
: an
ti-c
orr
upti
on
tra
inin
g p
rogr
amm
es f
und
ed b
y Fr
ance
are
pro
vid
ed o
ver
the
lon
g te
rm a
nd
fo
cus
on
cre
atin
g a
syst
em f
or
regu
lar
staf
f tr
ain
ing,
incl
udin
g th
e ap
po
intm
ent
of
a h
ead
of
trai
nin
g, t
he
des
ign
of
reus
able
tra
inin
g m
ater
ials
an
d t
rain
ing
for
the
trai
ner
s
Perc
enta
ge o
f lo
ng-
term
tra
inin
g p
rogr
amm
es f
und
ed
by
Fran
ce
70%
N
o m
oni
torin
g o
n th
is is
sue
The
Écol
e N
atio
nale
d
’Ad
min
istr
atio
n (E
NA
) p
rovi
des
trai
ning
for t
rain
ers
as p
art o
f co
oper
atio
n
pro
ject
s (C
roat
ia) a
nd s
hare
s tr
aini
ng m
ater
ials
so
that
th
ey c
an b
e re
used
The
ENM
rein
forc
es tr
aini
ng
cap
acity
for i
ts c
ount
erp
arts
in
co
oper
atio
n p
roje
cts
(gen
eral
trai
ning
, not
sp
ecifi
c to
com
bat
ing
corr
uptio
n,
but
con
trib
utin
g to
it)
MEA
E, A
FD,
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce,
ENA
, EN
M, A
FA
End
203
0
1.5
Up
dat
ing
the
po
licy
pap
er o
n b
udge
t fu
ndin
g so
as
to
bet
ter
take
acc
oun
t o
f re
form
s in
par
tner
co
untr
ies
on
pub
lic f
inan
ce m
anag
emen
t an
d
tran
spar
ency
, as
wel
l as
on
the
risk
s o
f co
rrup
tio
n, a
s p
art
of
its
cont
rib
utio
ns
Polic
y p
aper
up
dat
edPo
licy
pap
er u
pd
ated
Polic
y p
aper
co
ntai
ns
noth
ing
spec
ific
on
this
is
sue
MEA
EEn
d 2
021
1.6
Dev
elo
pin
g a
cap
ital
izat
ion
sys
tem
Syst
em c
reat
ed1
cap
ital
izat
ion
sys
tem
cr
eate
dN
o fo
rmal
cap
ital
izat
ion
sy
stem
MEA
E/D
GM
End
202
2
23Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM22 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
2: L
imit
ing
the
risk
th
at t
he
wo
rk o
f Fr
ench
act
ors
fue
l co
rrup
tio
n
2.1
Fin
aliz
ing
syst
ems
for
the
det
ecti
on
an
d
pre
ven
tio
n o
f in
tegr
ity
bre
ach
es in
Fre
nch
co
op
erat
ion
inst
itut
ion
s an
d a
cto
rs
Op
erat
iona
l rea
din
ess
of th
e M
EAE
syst
emM
EAE
det
ecti
on
an
d
pre
ven
tio
n s
yste
ms
op
erat
ion
al
MEA
E sy
stem
s cu
rren
tly
bei
ng d
evel
op
edM
EAE
End
20
22
2.2
Rei
nfo
rcin
g co
llab
ora
tio
n a
mo
ng
Fren
ch a
cto
rs
on
th
e id
enti
fica
tio
n a
nd
man
agem
ent
of
the
risk
o
f co
rrup
tio
n a
bro
ad
Incl
udin
g Fr
ench
op
erat
ors
in c
ircu
lati
on
list
s fo
r th
e re
po
rts
resu
ltin
g fr
om
th
e M
ech
anis
m f
or
the
Rev
iew
of
Imp
lem
enta
tio
n o
f th
e U
nit
ed N
atio
ns
Co
nve
nti
on
aga
inst
Co
rrup
tio
n
Num
ber
of
mee
tin
gs
on
th
is is
sue
wit
h
Fren
ch a
cto
rs
Perc
enta
ge o
f fi
nal
ized
rep
ort
s ci
rcul
ated
to
Fre
nch
ac
tors
1 m
eeti
ng
in 2
021
100%
of
rep
ort
s ci
rcul
ated
No
mee
ting
s
No
circ
ulat
ion
m
echa
nism
MEA
E, A
FD a
nd
AFA
MEA
E/D
GM
/DE
End
20
21
End
20
30
2.3
Imp
lem
enti
ng
a sy
stem
atic
tra
inin
g p
rogr
amm
e o
n a
nti
-co
rrup
tio
n is
sues
an
d t
he
Fren
ch a
pp
roac
h
to p
reve
nti
on
an
d s
anct
ion
, fo
r st
aff
sen
t ab
road
(in
em
bas
sies
, tra
de
serv
ices
an
d g
ove
rnm
ent
agen
cies
)
Perc
enta
ge o
f min
istr
ies
conc
erne
d w
ith s
uch
a p
rogr
amm
e fo
r the
ir st
aff
50%
10
0%
The
AFD
Gro
up h
as a
sy
stem
of s
yste
mat
ic a
nd
cont
inui
ng t
rain
ing
for
all
its
staf
f
MEA
E, M
EFR
, M
INJU
ST, M
ININ
T,
wit
h s
upp
ort
fro
m
the
AFA
End
20
25En
d
2030
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
3: P
rom
oti
ng
tran
spar
ency
an
d a
cco
unta
bili
ty in
th
e p
ublic
sec
tor
3.1.1
Rei
nfo
rcin
g m
on
ito
rin
g an
d in
tern
al a
udit
Num
ber
of t
rad
e an
d
finan
cial
inst
itutio
ns
sup
por
ted
in d
evel
opin
g or
rein
forc
ing
mon
itorin
g an
d in
tern
al
aud
it sy
stem
s
5 co
untr
ies
sup
po
rted
in
dev
elo
pin
g o
r re
info
rcin
g m
on
ito
rin
g an
d in
tern
al a
udit
sy
stem
s
2020
: 2 c
oun
trie
s su
pp
ort
edEx
per
tise
Fra
nce
an
d A
FDEn
d
2030
3.1.
2 Su
pp
ort
fo
r ge
ner
al in
spec
tio
ns
bei
ng
con
duc
ted
in k
ey in
stit
utio
ns
(po
lice
forc
es
esp
ecia
lly)
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
s su
pp
ort
ing
insp
ecti
on
Num
ber
of
awar
enes
s-ra
isin
g m
eeti
ngs
3 p
roje
cts
No
mo
nit
ori
ng
of
the
num
ber
of
such
pro
ject
sIn
tern
al s
ecur
ity
serv
ices
an
d S
CA
CEn
d
2025
3.2
Sup
por
ting
refo
rms
conc
erni
ng t
rans
pare
ncy
and
ac
cess
to in
form
atio
n, a
nd e
ncou
ragi
ng p
ublic
atio
n,
esp
ecia
lly o
n tr
ansp
aren
cy a
nd a
ccou
ntab
ility
in p
ublic
fin
ance
man
agem
ent
Num
ber
of p
roje
cts
on
this
issu
e w
hich
Fr
ance
co
ntrib
utes
to
Op
en B
udge
t Su
rvey
(O
BS)
1 p
roje
ct p
er y
ear
Imp
rove
men
t in
th
e sc
ore
s o
f p
rio
rity
co
untr
ies
for
Fren
ch
dev
elo
pm
ent
assi
stan
ce
cove
red
by
the
OBS
Part
icip
atio
n in
th
e In
tern
atio
nal
Bud
get
Part
ner
ship
sin
ce 2
016
MEA
E, A
FD,
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce,
Co
ur d
es C
om
pte
s an
d C
FI
End
20
30
3.3
Sup
po
rtin
g th
e d
isse
min
atio
n o
f o
pen
go
vern
men
t p
rin
cip
les
in F
ran
cop
ho
ne
Afr
ican
co
untr
ies
and
cap
acit
y-b
uild
ing
in F
ran
cop
ho
ne
Afr
ican
mem
ber
co
untr
ies,
wit
h a
vie
w t
o
imp
lem
enti
ng
OG
P-re
late
d c
om
mit
men
ts
Fun
din
g th
e se
con
d
stag
e o
f th
e PA
GO
F p
roje
ct
Seco
nd
sta
ge o
f th
e PA
GO
F p
roje
ct la
unch
ed in
202
2Fi
rst
stag
e o
f PA
GO
F la
unch
ed in
Oct
ob
er
2017
an
d e
nd
ing
in
Dec
emb
er 2
021
AFD
End
20
24
25Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM24 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
3.4.
1 Pr
om
oti
ng
tran
spar
ency
in p
ublic
life
Num
ber
of a
utho
ritie
s in
cha
rge
of
tran
spar
ency
in p
ublic
lif
e su
pp
ort
ed a
nd
rein
forc
ed
At
leas
t 1
coun
try
sup
po
rted
2020
: no
co
untr
ies
sup
po
rted
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
and
AFD
End
20
30
3.4.
2 Pr
om
oti
ng
the
Fren
ch a
pp
roac
h:
- co
nce
rnin
g th
e m
on
ito
rin
g o
f p
ublic
off
icia
ls a
nd
st
aff’
s in
tegr
ity
by
the
HA
TV
P;- c
on
cern
ing
pre
ven
tio
n a
nd
det
ecti
on
by
the
AFA
;- c
on
cern
ing
exte
rnal
aud
it b
y th
e C
our
des
C
om
pte
s
1. P
arti
cip
atio
n in
the
m
ajo
r int
erna
tio
nal
mee
ting
s o
n th
is is
sue
2. C
ont
ribut
ion
to
OEC
D g
uid
ance
on
th
is is
sue
and
to
the
d
evel
op
men
t of
O
ECD
pub
lic in
tegr
ity
ind
icat
ors
3. E
xcha
nges
wit
h
Euro
pea
n in
stitu
tio
ns
on
the
imp
lem
enta
tio
n of
an
in
terin
stitu
tio
nal
Euro
pea
n et
hics
bo
dy
4. V
isit
s fr
om
fore
ign
d
eleg
atio
ns t
hat
wis
h
to le
arn
abo
ut a
nd
dis
cuss
the
Fre
nch
ap
pro
ach
and
pos
sib
le
follo
w-u
p b
ilate
rally
w
ith
cert
ain
coun
trie
s5.
Exc
hang
es w
ith
ce
rtai
n em
bas
sies
in
Fran
ce t
o t
rain
sta
ff o
n
this
issu
e
1. P
arti
cip
atio
n in
5 e
ven
ts2.
1 c
on
trib
utio
n3.
3 v
isit
s4.
At
leas
t 1
del
egat
ion
per
ye
ar5.
1 e
xch
ange
per
yea
r
All
ind
icat
ors
cur
ren
tly
on
goin
g, w
ith
th
e ex
cep
tio
n o
f p
oss
ible
ex
chan
ges
wit
h
emb
assi
es
1, 2
an
d 4
HA
TV
P,
AFA
an
d C
our
des
C
om
pte
s3.
HA
TV
P5.
HA
TV
P an
d A
FA
End
20
30
3.5
Usi
ng
dig
ital
tec
hn
olo
gies
to
str
engt
hen
tr
ansp
aren
cy a
nd
acc
oun
tab
ility
Num
ber
of
coun
trie
s su
pp
ort
ed in
pro
cess
d
igit
izat
ion
an
d t
he
mo
der
niz
atio
n o
f in
form
atio
n s
yste
ms
At
leas
t 3
coun
trie
s su
pp
ort
ed
2020
: 1 c
oun
try
sup
po
rted
Ex
per
tise
Fra
nce
an
d A
FDEn
d
2030
3.6
A t
ran
spar
ent
and
acc
oun
tab
le m
ech
anis
mTh
e m
echa
nism
’s
finan
cial
str
uctu
re is
cl
early
ens
hrin
ed in
law
The
finan
cial
str
uctu
re
is s
tric
tly
sep
arat
e fr
om
d
evel
op
men
t as
sist
ance
Info
rmat
ion
on o
ngoi
ng
and
fina
lized
pro
ject
s is
p
ublis
hed
onl
ine
iden
tica
l in
dic
ato
rsSO
: Th
e m
ech
anis
m
do
es n
ot
exis
t ye
tM
EAE
and
MEF
End
20
22
25Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM24 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
3.4.
1 Pr
om
oti
ng
tran
spar
ency
in p
ublic
life
Num
ber
of a
utho
ritie
s in
cha
rge
of
tran
spar
ency
in p
ublic
lif
e su
pp
ort
ed a
nd
rein
forc
ed
At
leas
t 1
coun
try
sup
po
rted
2020
: no
co
untr
ies
sup
po
rted
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
and
AFD
End
20
30
3.4.
2 Pr
om
oti
ng
the
Fren
ch a
pp
roac
h:
- co
nce
rnin
g th
e m
on
ito
rin
g o
f p
ublic
off
icia
ls a
nd
st
aff’
s in
tegr
ity
by
the
HA
TV
P;- c
on
cern
ing
pre
ven
tio
n a
nd
det
ecti
on
by
the
AFA
;- c
on
cern
ing
exte
rnal
aud
it b
y th
e C
our
des
C
om
pte
s
1. P
arti
cip
atio
n in
the
m
ajo
r int
erna
tio
nal
mee
ting
s o
n th
is is
sue
2. C
ont
ribut
ion
to
OEC
D g
uid
ance
on
th
is is
sue
and
to
the
d
evel
op
men
t of
O
ECD
pub
lic in
tegr
ity
ind
icat
ors
3. E
xcha
nges
wit
h
Euro
pea
n in
stitu
tio
ns
on
the
imp
lem
enta
tio
n of
an
in
terin
stitu
tio
nal
Euro
pea
n et
hics
bo
dy
4. V
isit
s fr
om
fore
ign
d
eleg
atio
ns t
hat
wis
h
to le
arn
abo
ut a
nd
dis
cuss
the
Fre
nch
ap
pro
ach
and
pos
sib
le
follo
w-u
p b
ilate
rally
w
ith
cert
ain
coun
trie
s5.
Exc
hang
es w
ith
ce
rtai
n em
bas
sies
in
Fran
ce t
o t
rain
sta
ff o
n
this
issu
e
1. P
arti
cip
atio
n in
5 e
ven
ts2.
1 c
on
trib
utio
n3.
3 v
isit
s4.
At
leas
t 1
del
egat
ion
per
ye
ar5.
1 e
xch
ange
per
yea
r
All
ind
icat
ors
cur
ren
tly
on
goin
g, w
ith
th
e ex
cep
tio
n o
f p
oss
ible
ex
chan
ges
wit
h
emb
assi
es
1, 2
an
d 4
HA
TV
P,
AFA
an
d C
our
des
C
om
pte
s3.
HA
TV
P5.
HA
TV
P an
d A
FA
End
20
30
3.5
Usi
ng
dig
ital
tec
hn
olo
gies
to
str
engt
hen
tr
ansp
aren
cy a
nd
acc
oun
tab
ility
Num
ber
of
coun
trie
s su
pp
ort
ed in
pro
cess
d
igit
izat
ion
an
d t
he
mo
der
niz
atio
n o
f in
form
atio
n s
yste
ms
At
leas
t 3
coun
trie
s su
pp
ort
ed
2020
: 1 c
oun
try
sup
po
rted
Ex
per
tise
Fra
nce
an
d A
FDEn
d
2030
3.6
A t
ran
spar
ent
and
acc
oun
tab
le m
ech
anis
mTh
e m
echa
nism
’s
finan
cial
str
uctu
re is
cl
early
ens
hrin
ed in
law
The
finan
cial
str
uctu
re
is s
tric
tly
sep
arat
e fr
om
d
evel
op
men
t as
sist
ance
Info
rmat
ion
on o
ngoi
ng
and
fina
lized
pro
ject
s is
p
ublis
hed
onl
ine
iden
tica
l in
dic
ato
rsSO
: Th
e m
ech
anis
m
do
es n
ot
exis
t ye
tM
EAE
and
MEF
End
20
22
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
4: R
ein
forc
ing
Fran
ce’s
co
op
erat
ion
in p
rio
rity
are
as t
o c
om
bat
co
rrup
tio
n
Enco
urag
ing
amb
itio
us la
ngu
age
in m
ulti
late
ral
do
cum
ents
co
nce
rnin
g th
e p
rote
ctio
n o
f w
his
tle-
blo
wer
s.
Perc
enta
ge o
f Fre
nch
ne
gotia
tion
pos
ition
s co
ncer
ning
do
cum
ents
on
cor
rup
tion,
whe
re
whi
stle
-blo
wer
p
rote
ctio
n is
incl
uded
60%
Fran
ce p
rom
otes
the
pro
tect
ion
of w
hist
le-
blo
wer
s in
mul
tilat
eral
d
ocu
men
ts, w
here
re
leva
nt
MEA
E an
d S
GA
EEn
d
2030
4.1.
2 Su
pp
ort
ing
init
iati
ves
for
wh
istl
e-b
low
ers
wo
rkin
g in
th
e an
ti-c
orr
upti
on
fie
ldN
umb
er o
f in
itia
tive
s fu
nd
ed
Am
oun
t al
loca
ted
to
th
e in
itia
tive
1 in
itia
tive
fun
ded
€50,
000
Non
e
0
MEA
EEn
d
2024
4.1.
3 Su
pp
ort
ing
the
pro
cess
of
imp
rovi
ng
the
stat
us
of
wh
istl
e-b
low
ers
in p
artn
er c
oun
trie
sN
umb
er o
f p
roje
cts
on
th
is is
sue
2 p
roje
cts
No
sup
po
rt o
n t
his
issu
eA
FD a
nd
Exp
erti
se
Fran
ceEn
d
2030
4.2.
1 En
suri
ng t
he e
ffec
tive
ness
of t
he n
ew v
alid
atio
n
syst
ems
for
the
imp
lem
enta
tion
of t
he E
ITI s
tand
ard
an
d e
ncou
ragi
ng e
nhan
ced
mon
itor
ing
of h
ow
coun
trie
s’ co
mm
itm
ents
are
bei
ng h
onou
red
. Thi
s w
ork
will
be
carr
ied
out
as
par
t of
the
Val
idat
ion
C
omm
itte
e, w
ith
Fran
ce b
ecom
ing
a m
emb
er in
202
1 an
d a
mem
ber
of t
he B
oard
in 2
022
The
EITI
Boa
rd h
as ju
st a
pp
rove
d t
he re
vise
d
valid
atio
n p
roce
ss (a
pro
cess
tha
t ev
alua
tes
coun
trie
s’
com
plia
nce
wit
h th
e st
and
ard
), in
ord
er t
o b
ette
r re
flect
the
leve
l of s
tand
ard
com
plia
nce,
by
usin
g a
num
eric
al s
core
, and
to
enab
le n
atio
nal m
ulti
-par
ty
grou
ps (g
over
nmen
ts, c
ompa
nies
and
CSO
s) t
o
app
rop
riate
it m
ore
fully
. Thi
s ne
w s
yste
m w
ill c
ome
into
forc
e on
1 A
pril
202
2
Num
ber
of
ora
l an
d
wri
tten
co
ntr
ibut
ion
s fr
om
Fra
nce
, to
en
cour
age
enh
ance
d
mo
nit
ori
ng
2021
: 1 o
ral o
r w
ritt
en
con
trib
utio
n f
rom
Fra
nce
on
en
han
ced
mo
nit
ori
ng
2022
: 1 a
dd
itio
nal
co
ntr
ibut
ion
The
new
sys
tem
has
not
b
een
intr
od
uced
yet
MEA
E/D
GM
/Su
stai
nab
le
Dev
elo
pm
ent
Dire
cto
rate
(DD
D)/
GO
UV
End
20
22
4.2.
2 En
suri
ng
that
th
e in
dep
end
ent
eval
uati
on
is
actu
ally
imp
lem
ente
d a
nd
th
at t
he
reco
mm
end
atio
ns
that
der
ive
fro
m it
are
im
ple
men
ted
by
the
EIT
I In
Oct
ober
202
0 an
d o
n th
e in
itia
tive
of
EITI
su
pp
orti
ng c
ount
ries
, inc
lud
ing
Fran
ce, t
he B
oard
ap
pro
ved
the
pri
ncip
le o
f a
two
-fol
d in
dep
end
ent
eval
uati
on o
f th
e IT
IE, t
o ev
alua
te b
oth
its
imp
act
in
coun
trie
s an
d t
he w
ork
of it
s in
tern
atio
nal s
ecre
tari
at
Ind
epen
den
t ev
alua
tio
n c
om
ple
ted
1 in
dep
end
ent
eval
uati
on
co
mp
lete
d E
valu
atio
n to
com
eM
EAE/
DG
M/D
DD
/G
OU
VEn
d
2025
27Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM26 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
4.2.
3 Su
pp
ort
ing
the
imp
lem
enta
tio
n o
f th
e EI
TI
stan
dar
d in
dev
elo
pin
g p
rod
ucin
g co
untr
ies
and
co
nso
lidat
ing
cap
acit
y in
civ
il so
ciet
y
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
s an
d c
on
trib
utio
ns
to
fun
ds
for
tran
spar
ency
in t
he
ind
ustr
y
2 b
ilate
ral o
r re
gio
nal
sup
po
rt
pro
ject
s fo
r go
vern
men
ts a
nd
/o
r ci
vil s
oci
ety
1 b
ilate
ral p
roje
ct
1 co
ntrib
utio
n: o
n 23
July
20
20, F
ranc
e si
gned
an
ag
reem
ent w
ith th
e W
orld
Ba
nk fo
r a €
5 m
co
ntrib
utio
n to
the
Extr
activ
es G
lob
al
Prog
ram
mat
ic S
upp
ort
trus
t fun
d, p
riorit
y fo
r w
hich
is g
iven
to in
com
e tr
ansp
aren
cy a
spec
ts a
nd
the
imp
lem
enta
tion
of
the
EITI
sta
ndar
d
AFD
, MEA
E/D
GM
/D
DD
/GO
UV
an
d
MEF
/Dir
ecto
rate
G
ener
al o
f th
e Tr
easu
ry
End
20
25
4.3.
1 A
ssis
tin
g p
artn
er c
oun
trie
s in
th
e im
ple
men
tati
on
of
app
rop
riat
e le
gal a
nd
in
stit
utio
nal
fra
mew
ork
s w
ith
reg
ard
to
PPP
s
Num
ber
of c
oun
trie
s as
sist
ed in
the
im
ple
men
tati
on,
am
end
men
t o
r rev
isio
n
of t
heir
PPP
fram
ewo
rk
2 co
untr
ies
sup
po
rted
2020
: 5 p
artn
ers
assi
sted
ov
er th
e 20
14-2
020
per
iod
Ex
per
tise
Fra
nce
, A
FD a
nd
MEF
/D
irec
tora
te G
ener
al
of
the
Trea
sury
End
20
30
4.3.
2 A
ssis
tin
g p
ublic
pro
ject
ow
ner
s in
th
e d
evel
op
men
t o
f PP
P p
roje
cts
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
o
wn
ers
assi
sted
in
pro
ject
pla
nn
ing
and
p
rocu
rem
ent
6 p
roje
ct o
wn
ers
sup
po
rted
2020
: 2 p
roje
ct o
wne
rs
assi
sted
ove
r the
201
8-20
20 p
erio
d
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
and
AFD
, wit
h
sup
po
rt f
rom
th
e A
FA
End
20
30
4.3.
3 Bu
ildin
g au
tho
riti
es’ c
apac
ity
wit
h r
egar
d t
o
mo
nit
ori
ng
PPPs
(in
clud
ing
SAIs
an
d r
egul
atio
n
auth
ori
ties
)
Num
ber
of
auth
ori
ties
ass
iste
d3
auth
ori
ties
ass
iste
d1
SAI b
enef
ited
from
suc
h
sup
por
t in
2019
1 re
gula
tion
auth
ority
as
sist
ed o
ver t
he 2
019-
2020
per
iod
Co
ur d
es C
om
pte
s,
AFA
, Exp
erti
se
Fran
ce a
nd
AFD
End
20
24
4.4.
1 Pu
blic
pro
cure
men
t: c
on
tin
uin
g Fr
ance
’s
invo
lvem
ent
in t
he
MA
PS in
itia
tive
Part
icip
atio
n fr
om
Fr
ance
in t
he
init
iati
ve’s
ste
erin
g co
mm
itte
es
Num
ber
of
Fren
ch
ISEs
in t
he
init
iati
ve’s
se
cret
aria
t
Num
ber
of c
oun
trie
s ha
ving
ben
efit
ed fr
om
a
MA
PS e
valu
atio
n
wit
h th
e su
pp
ort
of a
Fr
ench
par
tner
Part
icip
atio
n f
rom
Fra
nce
in
100%
of
the
MA
PS s
teer
ing
com
mit
tees
1 IS
E
3 co
untr
ies
ben
efit
ed f
rom
a
MA
PS e
valu
atio
n
Part
icip
atio
n fr
om F
ranc
e in
100
% o
f the
MA
PS
stee
ring
com
mitt
ees
Non
e
Non
e
MEA
E
MEA
E
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
and
AFD
End
20
23
End
20
23
End
20
30
4.4.
2 Pu
blic
pro
cure
men
t: p
rom
otin
g le
gal f
ram
ewor
ks
and
inst
rum
ents
to re
info
rce
inte
grit
y an
d t
rans
pare
ncy
in p
ublic
pro
cure
men
t
Num
ber
of c
oun
trie
s su
pp
ort
ed in
d
evel
op
ing
thei
r p
ublic
pro
cure
men
t fr
amew
ork
At
leas
t o
ne
coun
try
sup
po
rted
in d
evel
op
ing
its
pub
lic p
rocu
rem
ent
fram
ewo
rk
2020
: Non
eA
FD, E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
an
d A
FAEn
d
2030
27Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM26 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
4.2.
3 Su
pp
ort
ing
the
imp
lem
enta
tio
n o
f th
e EI
TI
stan
dar
d in
dev
elo
pin
g p
rod
ucin
g co
untr
ies
and
co
nso
lidat
ing
cap
acit
y in
civ
il so
ciet
y
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
s an
d c
on
trib
utio
ns
to
fun
ds
for
tran
spar
ency
in t
he
ind
ustr
y
2 b
ilate
ral o
r re
gio
nal
sup
po
rt
pro
ject
s fo
r go
vern
men
ts a
nd
/o
r ci
vil s
oci
ety
1 b
ilate
ral p
roje
ct
1 co
ntrib
utio
n: o
n 23
July
20
20, F
ranc
e si
gned
an
ag
reem
ent w
ith th
e W
orld
Ba
nk fo
r a €
5 m
co
ntrib
utio
n to
the
Extr
activ
es G
lob
al
Prog
ram
mat
ic S
upp
ort
trus
t fun
d, p
riorit
y fo
r w
hich
is g
iven
to in
com
e tr
ansp
aren
cy a
spec
ts a
nd
the
imp
lem
enta
tion
of
the
EITI
sta
ndar
d
AFD
, MEA
E/D
GM
/D
DD
/GO
UV
an
d
MEF
/Dir
ecto
rate
G
ener
al o
f th
e Tr
easu
ry
End
20
25
4.3.
1 A
ssis
tin
g p
artn
er c
oun
trie
s in
th
e im
ple
men
tati
on
of
app
rop
riat
e le
gal a
nd
in
stit
utio
nal
fra
mew
ork
s w
ith
reg
ard
to
PPP
s
Num
ber
of c
oun
trie
s as
sist
ed in
the
im
ple
men
tati
on,
am
end
men
t o
r rev
isio
n
of t
heir
PPP
fram
ewo
rk
2 co
untr
ies
sup
po
rted
2020
: 5 p
artn
ers
assi
sted
ov
er th
e 20
14-2
020
per
iod
Ex
per
tise
Fra
nce
, A
FD a
nd
MEF
/D
irec
tora
te G
ener
al
of
the
Trea
sury
End
20
30
4.3.
2 A
ssis
tin
g p
ublic
pro
ject
ow
ner
s in
th
e d
evel
op
men
t o
f PP
P p
roje
cts
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
o
wn
ers
assi
sted
in
pro
ject
pla
nn
ing
and
p
rocu
rem
ent
6 p
roje
ct o
wn
ers
sup
po
rted
2020
: 2 p
roje
ct o
wne
rs
assi
sted
ove
r the
201
8-20
20 p
erio
d
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
and
AFD
, wit
h
sup
po
rt f
rom
th
e A
FA
End
20
30
4.3.
3 Bu
ildin
g au
tho
riti
es’ c
apac
ity
wit
h r
egar
d t
o
mo
nit
ori
ng
PPPs
(in
clud
ing
SAIs
an
d r
egul
atio
n
auth
ori
ties
)
Num
ber
of
auth
ori
ties
ass
iste
d3
auth
ori
ties
ass
iste
d1
SAI b
enef
ited
from
suc
h
sup
por
t in
2019
1 re
gula
tion
auth
ority
as
sist
ed o
ver t
he 2
019-
2020
per
iod
Co
ur d
es C
om
pte
s,
AFA
, Exp
erti
se
Fran
ce a
nd
AFD
End
20
24
4.4.
1 Pu
blic
pro
cure
men
t: c
on
tin
uin
g Fr
ance
’s
invo
lvem
ent
in t
he
MA
PS in
itia
tive
Part
icip
atio
n fr
om
Fr
ance
in t
he
init
iati
ve’s
ste
erin
g co
mm
itte
es
Num
ber
of
Fren
ch
ISEs
in t
he
init
iati
ve’s
se
cret
aria
t
Num
ber
of c
oun
trie
s ha
ving
ben
efit
ed fr
om
a
MA
PS e
valu
atio
n
wit
h th
e su
pp
ort
of a
Fr
ench
par
tner
Part
icip
atio
n f
rom
Fra
nce
in
100%
of
the
MA
PS s
teer
ing
com
mit
tees
1 IS
E
3 co
untr
ies
ben
efit
ed f
rom
a
MA
PS e
valu
atio
n
Part
icip
atio
n fr
om F
ranc
e in
100
% o
f the
MA
PS
stee
ring
com
mitt
ees
Non
e
Non
e
MEA
E
MEA
E
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
and
AFD
End
20
23
End
20
23
End
20
30
4.4.
2 Pu
blic
pro
cure
men
t: p
rom
otin
g le
gal f
ram
ewor
ks
and
inst
rum
ents
to re
info
rce
inte
grit
y an
d t
rans
pare
ncy
in p
ublic
pro
cure
men
t
Num
ber
of c
oun
trie
s su
pp
ort
ed in
d
evel
op
ing
thei
r p
ublic
pro
cure
men
t fr
amew
ork
At
leas
t o
ne
coun
try
sup
po
rted
in d
evel
op
ing
its
pub
lic p
rocu
rem
ent
fram
ewo
rk
2020
: Non
eA
FD, E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
an
d A
FAEn
d
2030
4.4.
3 Pu
blic
pro
cure
men
t: R
ein
forc
ing
aud
it b
od
ies
Num
ber
of
aud
it
bo
die
s as
sist
ed
(Dep
artm
ent
for
Pub
lic P
rocu
rem
ent,
Pu
blic
Pro
cure
men
t Re
gula
tio
n A
gen
cy -
AR
MP
- an
d o
ther
s)
At
leas
t 3
bo
die
s as
sist
ed20
20: 2
bo
die
s as
sist
ed
over
the
2016
-202
0 p
erio
d
AFD
an
d E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
End
20
30
4.4.
4 Pu
blic
pro
cure
men
t: m
akin
g a
stro
nger
ap
pea
l to
Fre
nch
com
pan
ies
on
the
issu
e o
f co
rrup
tio
n in
p
ublic
pro
cure
men
t: a
war
enes
s-ra
isin
g p
roje
cts
men
tio
ned
in a
ctio
n 7.
3.1
will
incl
ude
a sp
ecif
ic p
ublic
p
rocu
rem
ent
com
po
nent
Pub
lic p
rocu
rem
ent
com
po
nen
t in
aw
aren
ess-
rais
ing
exer
cise
s fo
r em
bas
sies
100%
of
awar
enes
s-ra
isin
g ex
erci
ses
incl
ude
a p
ublic
p
rocu
rem
ent
com
po
nen
t
Rais
ing
awar
enes
s of
co
rrup
tion
in p
ublic
p
rocu
rem
ent i
s no
t sy
stem
atic
Trad
e se
rvic
es, w
ith
su
pp
ort
fro
m t
he
AFA
End
20
30
4.4.
5 Pu
blic
pro
cure
men
t: e
nco
urag
ing
dig
ital
p
urch
asin
g o
r e-
pro
cure
men
tN
umb
er o
f co
untr
ies
assi
sted
wit
h re
gard
to
pub
lic
e-p
rocu
rem
ent
Num
ber
of
coun
trie
s h
avin
g b
enef
ited
fr
om
a p
rese
nta
tio
n
of
the
PLA
CE
too
l
At
leas
t tw
o c
oun
trie
s h
ave
ben
efit
ed f
rom
sup
po
rt20
20: 1
A
FD, E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
, wit
h
sup
po
rt f
rom
th
e A
FA
End
20
30
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
5: E
nco
urag
ing
law
en
forc
emen
t co
op
erat
ion
wit
h a
vie
w t
o r
aisi
ng
the
com
pet
ency
leve
l of
the
acto
rs d
edic
ated
to
co
mb
atin
g co
rrup
tio
n
5.1
Incl
udin
g tr
ain
ing
on
eth
ics
in la
w e
nfo
rcem
ent
coo
per
atio
n p
roje
cts
fun
ded
by
Fran
ce, a
s fa
r as
is
po
ssib
le, a
nd
en
cour
agin
g th
e im
ple
men
tati
on
of
eth
ical
co
des
, gui
dan
ce o
r ch
arte
rs
Num
ber
of
trai
nin
g p
rogr
amm
es c
arri
ed
out
per
yea
r
Num
ber
of
civi
l se
rvan
ts t
rain
ed
1 p
rogr
amm
e p
er y
ear
7 ci
vil s
erva
nts
tra
ined
No
mon
itorin
g of
eth
ics
trai
ning
in c
oop
erat
ion
p
roje
cts
MIN
JUST
, Exp
erti
se
Fran
ce, E
NM
, M
ININ
T a
nd
Civ
ipo
l
End
20
30
5.2
Sup
por
ting
pol
ice
trai
ning
sch
ool
s an
d p
artn
er
Stat
es in
dev
elop
ing
cour
ses
on in
tegr
ity
and
the
fig
ht
agai
nst
corr
upti
on
Num
ber
of
coo
per
atio
n p
roje
cts
carr
ied
out
5 co
op
erat
ion
pro
ject
sTh
e nu
mb
er o
f act
ive
cour
ses
is n
ot m
onito
red
MIN
INT,
Civ
ipo
l an
d E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
2030
2030
5.3
Sup
po
rtin
g th
e b
od
ies
that
pro
vid
e in
tern
al a
nd
ex
tern
al m
on
ito
rin
g o
f n
atio
nal
po
lice
forc
es in
o
rder
to
rei
nfo
rce
dis
cip
linar
y m
easu
res
and
en
sure
th
at s
anct
ion
s ar
e ap
plie
d
Num
ber
of
coop
erat
ion
pro
ject
s in
volv
ing
the
exp
ertis
e of
the
Nat
iona
l G
end
arm
erie
In
spec
tora
te(IG
GN
) an
d th
e N
atio
nal P
olic
e In
spec
tora
te(IG
PN)
A p
roje
ct is
car
ried
out
in
each
co
untr
y co
vere
d b
y th
e p
revi
ous
act
ion
2019
: 11
pro
ject
s
2020
: 1 p
roje
ct
MIN
INT,
Civ
ipo
l an
d E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
2030
5.4
Sup
po
rtin
g th
e im
ple
men
tati
on
of
trai
nin
g p
rogr
amm
es f
or
po
lice
forc
es w
ith
jud
icia
l po
wer
Num
ber
of
trai
nin
g p
rogr
amm
es s
et u
p3
pro
gram
mes
set
up
No
mon
itorin
g of
trai
ning
p
rogr
amm
es s
et u
p w
ith
Fren
ch a
ssis
tanc
e
Inte
rnal
sec
urit
y se
rvic
es fo
r em
bas
sies
, wo
rkin
g w
ith
the
ENM
in t
he
case
of t
rain
ing
for
jud
icia
ry o
ffic
ials
2026
29Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM28 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
5.5
Off
erin
g o
ur L
atin
Am
eric
an p
artn
ers
trai
nin
g p
rogr
amm
es o
n s
eizi
ng
crim
inal
ass
ets,
th
e re
sear
ch, a
nal
ysis
an
d u
se o
f in
form
atio
n w
ith
re
gard
to
co
rrup
tio
n, i
ncl
udin
g sp
ecia
l in
vest
igat
ive
tech
niq
ues
(suc
h a
s w
iret
app
ing
and
infi
ltra
tio
n)
and
on
inte
llige
nce
(fin
anci
al a
sset
an
d il
licit
en
rich
men
t in
vest
igat
ion)
Num
ber
of
trai
nin
g p
rogr
amm
es c
arri
ed
out
3 p
rogr
amm
es c
arri
ed o
ut20
20: n
o su
ch
pro
gram
mes
MIN
JUST
, Lat
in
Am
eric
an e
mb
assi
es’
inte
rnal
sec
urity
se
rvic
es, w
orki
ng w
ith
the
Fren
ch N
atio
nal
Fina
ncia
l Pro
secu
tor's
O
ffic
e, th
e A
genc
y fo
r the
Rec
over
y an
d
Man
agem
ent o
f Se
ized
and
C
onfis
cate
d A
sset
s (A
GRA
SC),
Trac
fin,
the
Cen
tral
Off
ice
for
the
Figh
t aga
inst
C
orru
ptio
n an
d
Fina
ncia
l and
Tax
C
rime
(OC
LCIF
F) a
nd
the
cent
ral o
ffic
e d
edic
ated
to th
e p
olic
ing
of s
erio
us
finan
cial
crim
es
(OC
RGD
F) o
f the
M
ININ
T an
d th
e EN
M
End
20
24
5.6
Reg
ular
ly o
rgan
izin
g co
nti
nui
ng
trai
nin
g se
ssio
ns
for
jud
ges,
an
ti-c
orr
upti
on
aut
ho
riti
es’ s
taff
an
d
po
lice
off
icer
s, o
nlin
e o
r in
per
son
, on
th
e d
etec
tio
n, p
reve
nti
on
an
d p
olic
ing
of
corr
upti
on
, an
d c
om
mun
icat
ing
them
to
em
bas
sies
in t
arge
t co
untr
ies
Num
ber
of
sess
ion
s o
rgan
ized
an
d
num
ber
of
fore
ign
p
arti
cip
ants
3 tr
ain
ing
sess
ion
s o
rgan
ized
15 f
ore
ign
par
tici
pan
ts
Firs
t se
ssio
n o
rgan
ized
fr
om
16
to 2
0 N
ovem
ber
(E
NM
/AFA
par
tner
ship
)
The
AFA
and
the
Nat
iona
l C
ente
r fo
r Lo
cal
Gov
ernm
ent
(CN
FPT)
ha
ve d
evel
op
ed a
n o
nlin
e co
urse
on
the
pre
vent
ion
of
co
rrup
tio
n in
the
m
anag
emen
t of
loca
l p
ublic
aff
airs
Sinc
e 20
18, t
his
cour
se
has
bee
n fo
llow
ed b
y m
ore
tha
n 24
,000
peo
ple
, in
clud
ing
man
y fo
reig
n
par
tici
pan
ts a
nd h
as
bee
n ci
rcul
ated
via
the
ne
two
rk o
f lia
iso
n ju
dge
s
Spec
ialis
t tr
aini
ng
No
inve
stig
ato
rs t
rain
ed
MIN
JUST
, EN
M a
nd
EN
A
End
20
30
29Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM28 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
6: R
ein
forc
ing
colla
bo
rati
on
wit
h in
tern
atio
nal
org
aniz
atio
ns
6.1
Rei
nfo
rcin
g in
stit
utio
nal
rel
atio
ns
and
co
op
erat
ion
am
on
g d
on
or
inve
stig
ativ
e te
ams,
w
hic
h w
ork
to
war
ds
pro
mo
tin
g th
e h
igh
est
stan
dar
ds
of
inte
grit
y
Co
op
erat
ion
ag
reem
ents
am
on
g d
on
or
inve
stig
ativ
e te
ams
sign
ed
2 ad
dit
iona
l agr
eem
ents
sig
ned
Non
e
AFA
: 3 (w
ith th
e Eu
rope
an
Dev
elop
men
t Ban
k, th
e In
ter-A
mer
ican
D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
and
the
Afr
ican
Dev
elop
men
t Ban
k)
AFD
AFA
End
20
21
6.2.
1 In
itia
ting
dis
cuss
ions
to re
info
rce
coop
erat
ion
b
etw
een
Fran
ce a
nd t
he O
rgan
izat
ion
of A
mer
ican
St
ates
(OA
S)Th
e fig
ht a
gain
st c
orru
pti
on is
a v
ital
com
pon
ent
in t
he
exer
cise
of d
emoc
rati
c p
ower
, ens
hrin
ed in
the
Inte
r-A
mer
ican
Dem
ocra
tic
Cha
rter
. It
is t
here
fore
a k
ey
issu
e fo
r all
OA
S m
emb
er S
tate
s.Th
e O
rgan
izat
ion
com
bats
cor
rup
tion
via
a ra
nge
of
acti
viti
es, i
nclu
din
g th
e Fo
llow
-Up
Mec
hani
sm fo
r the
Im
ple
men
tati
on o
f the
Inte
r-Am
eric
an C
onve
ntio
n
agai
nst
Cor
rup
tion
(MES
ICIC
I) an
d t
he H
emis
phe
ric
Net
wor
k fo
r Leg
al C
oop
erat
ion
on C
rimin
al M
atte
rs
(cre
ated
as
par
t o
f th
e M
eeti
ngs
of
Min
iste
rs o
f Ju
stic
e o
f th
e A
mer
icas
- R
EMJA
).Fr
ance
will
th
us b
e ab
le t
o p
rom
ote
co
op
erat
ion
b
etw
een
Fre
nch
act
ors
an
d r
elev
ant
OA
S d
epar
tmen
ts.
Num
ber
of
dis
cuss
ion
s w
ith
th
e O
AS
1 d
iscu
ssio
n w
ith
th
e O
AS
No
disc
ussi
ons
MEA
EEn
d
2022
6.2.
2 R
ein
forc
ing
colla
bo
rati
on
wit
h t
he
Co
unci
l of
Euro
pe
(Gro
up o
f St
ates
aga
inst
Co
rrup
tio
n -
GR
ECO
) on
th
is is
sue
Num
ber
of
exch
ange
s w
ith
th
e G
REC
O w
ith
a
view
to
eva
luat
ing
colla
bo
rati
on
p
oss
ibili
ties
1 ex
chan
ge w
ith
th
e G
REC
O
Firs
t exc
hang
e on
this
iss
ue a
s p
art o
f the
d
raft
ing
of th
e st
rate
gy
MEA
EEn
d
2030
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
7: R
ein
forc
ing
colla
bo
rati
on
wit
h n
on
-sta
te a
cto
rs
7.1.1
Par
tner
ship
s w
ith
CSO
s: id
enti
fyin
g re
leva
nt
acto
rs in
th
e fi
ght
agai
nst
co
rrup
tio
n a
s p
art
of
the
“Per
son
alit
ies
of
the
Futu
re”
pro
gram
me
Num
ber
of
acto
rs
iden
tifi
ed3
acto
rs id
enti
fied
An
ti-c
orr
upti
on
act
ors
ar
e so
met
imes
id
enti
fied
but
th
is is
no
t a
pri
ori
ty
SCA
CEn
d
2030
7.1.2
Par
tner
ship
wit
h C
SOs:
en
cour
agin
g C
SOs
to
enga
ge in
pro
gram
mes
an
d p
roje
cts
Num
ber
of a
nti-
corr
upti
on
p
rogr
amm
es in
volv
ing
CSO
s th
at a
re a
ctiv
e in
co
mb
atin
g co
rrup
tio
n
CSO
s in
volv
ed in
at
leas
t 3
pro
gram
mes
2020
: 2 (i
nclu
din
g PA
GO
F)A
FD, E
xper
tise
Fr
ance
an
d C
FIEn
d
2030
7.2
Fund
ing
pro
ject
s th
at e
nab
le c
ivil
soci
ety
mem
ber
s to
ana
lyse
doc
umen
ts p
ublis
hed
by
loca
l aut
horit
ies,
es
pec
ially
by
usin
g m
edia
and
info
rmat
ion
tech
nolo
gy
(“ci
vic
tech
”)
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
s fu
nd
ed2
pro
ject
s fu
nd
edPa
rtic
ipat
ion
in t
he
Inte
rnat
ion
al B
udge
t Pa
rtn
ersh
ip s
ince
201
6
AFD
, CFI
an
d M
EAE
End
20
24
31Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM30 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
7.3
Org
aniz
ing
an a
nnua
l aw
aren
ess-
rais
ing
exer
cise
on
an
ti-c
orru
pti
on is
sues
, esp
ecia
lly w
ith
rega
rd t
o th
e Sa
pin
2 A
ct, f
or t
he b
enef
it o
f Fre
nch
com
pan
ies,
via
th
eir
rep
rese
ntat
ive
bo
die
s (C
CI,
CC
EF, C
CIP
, MED
EF
inte
rnat
iona
l, C
PME
and
CIA
N) a
nd F
renc
h
gove
rnm
ent
agen
cies
in e
ach
of F
ranc
e’s
pri
orit
y co
untr
ies;
sup
por
ting
the
m in
the
ir e
ffor
t to
ap
pro
pri
ate
anti
-cor
rup
tion
mec
hani
sms.
Num
ber
of
awar
enes
s-ra
isin
g ex
erci
ses
per
yea
r an
d p
er c
oun
try
1 aw
aren
ess-
rais
ing
exer
cise
p
er y
ear
in F
ran
ce’s
pri
ori
ty
coun
trie
s fo
r d
evel
op
men
t as
sist
ance
Rais
ing
the
awar
enes
s o
f Fr
ench
co
mp
anie
s,
esp
ecia
lly S
MEs
, no
t sy
stem
atic
Trad
e se
rvic
es,
wo
rkin
g w
ith
th
e A
FA
End
20
30
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
8: D
raw
ing
on
loca
l in
stit
uti
on
s an
d in
par
ticu
lar,
on
Sup
rem
e A
udit
Inst
itu
tio
ns
(SA
Is)
8.1
Sup
po
rtin
g p
roje
cts
aim
ing
to r
ein
forc
e SA
Is,
esp
ecia
lly c
on
cern
ing
inve
stig
ativ
e au
dit
Num
ber
of S
AI
rein
forc
ing
pro
ject
s Fr
ance
has
take
n pa
rt in
5 p
roje
cts
Fund
ing
for t
he
Acc
eler
ated
Pee
r-Sup
po
rt
Part
ners
hip
Pro
gram
me
in
2019
and
202
0
MEA
E, A
FD, C
our
t o
f A
udit
an
d
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
End
20
30
8.2
Prom
otin
g th
e w
ork
of S
AIs
, wit
h in
stit
utio
nal a
nd
tech
nica
l sup
por
t, in
the
ir au
dit
of i
nter
nati
onal
co
oper
atio
n p
rogr
amm
e fu
ndin
g, b
y d
raw
ing
on
exam
ple
s of
bes
t p
ract
ices
in in
tern
atio
nal
orga
niza
tion
s an
d o
ther
don
or c
ount
ries,
as
wel
l as
in
SAIs
in b
enef
icia
ry c
ount
ries
A b
est
pra
ctic
es
do
cum
ent
is a
vaila
ble
1 d
ocu
men
t d
raft
ed,
app
rove
d a
nd
sh
ared
wit
h
rele
van
t Fr
ench
act
ors
No
do
cum
ents
on
th
is
issu
e av
aila
ble
to
Fre
nch
ac
tors
Co
ur d
es C
om
pte
s;
wo
rk c
arri
ed o
ut
join
tly
wit
h th
e A
FD
gro
up
End
20
24
8.3
Sup
po
rtin
g co
llab
ora
tio
n a
mo
ng
SAIs
, an
ti-
corr
upti
on
an
d ju
dic
ial a
uth
ori
ties
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
s un
der
take
n w
ith
a
view
to
gre
ater
d
ialo
gue
amo
ng
inst
itut
ion
s
3 p
roje
cts
No
ded
icat
ed p
roje
cts
MEA
E, C
our
t o
f A
udit
an
d A
FAEn
d
2030
31Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs - DGM30 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
7.3
Org
aniz
ing
an a
nnua
l aw
aren
ess-
rais
ing
exer
cise
on
an
ti-c
orru
pti
on is
sues
, esp
ecia
lly w
ith
rega
rd t
o th
e Sa
pin
2 A
ct, f
or t
he b
enef
it o
f Fre
nch
com
pan
ies,
via
th
eir
rep
rese
ntat
ive
bo
die
s (C
CI,
CC
EF, C
CIP
, MED
EF
inte
rnat
iona
l, C
PME
and
CIA
N) a
nd F
renc
h
gove
rnm
ent
agen
cies
in e
ach
of F
ranc
e’s
pri
orit
y co
untr
ies;
sup
por
ting
the
m in
the
ir e
ffor
t to
ap
pro
pri
ate
anti
-cor
rup
tion
mec
hani
sms.
Num
ber
of
awar
enes
s-ra
isin
g ex
erci
ses
per
yea
r an
d p
er c
oun
try
1 aw
aren
ess-
rais
ing
exer
cise
p
er y
ear
in F
ran
ce’s
pri
ori
ty
coun
trie
s fo
r d
evel
op
men
t as
sist
ance
Rais
ing
the
awar
enes
s o
f Fr
ench
co
mp
anie
s,
esp
ecia
lly S
MEs
, no
t sy
stem
atic
Trad
e se
rvic
es,
wo
rkin
g w
ith
th
e A
FA
End
20
30
Spec
ific
ob
ject
ive
8: D
raw
ing
on
loca
l in
stit
uti
on
s an
d in
par
ticu
lar,
on
Sup
rem
e A
udit
Inst
itu
tio
ns
(SA
Is)
8.1
Sup
po
rtin
g p
roje
cts
aim
ing
to r
ein
forc
e SA
Is,
esp
ecia
lly c
on
cern
ing
inve
stig
ativ
e au
dit
Num
ber
of S
AI
rein
forc
ing
pro
ject
s Fr
ance
has
take
n pa
rt in
5 p
roje
cts
Fund
ing
for t
he
Acc
eler
ated
Pee
r-Sup
po
rt
Part
ners
hip
Pro
gram
me
in
2019
and
202
0
MEA
E, A
FD, C
our
t o
f A
udit
an
d
Exp
erti
se F
ran
ce
End
20
30
8.2
Prom
otin
g th
e w
ork
of S
AIs
, wit
h in
stit
utio
nal a
nd
tech
nica
l sup
por
t, in
the
ir au
dit
of i
nter
nati
onal
co
oper
atio
n p
rogr
amm
e fu
ndin
g, b
y d
raw
ing
on
exam
ple
s of
bes
t p
ract
ices
in in
tern
atio
nal
orga
niza
tion
s an
d o
ther
don
or c
ount
ries,
as
wel
l as
in
SAIs
in b
enef
icia
ry c
ount
ries
A b
est
pra
ctic
es
do
cum
ent
is a
vaila
ble
1 d
ocu
men
t d
raft
ed,
app
rove
d a
nd
sh
ared
wit
h
rele
van
t Fr
ench
act
ors
No
do
cum
ents
on
th
is
issu
e av
aila
ble
to
Fre
nch
ac
tors
Co
ur d
es C
om
pte
s;
wo
rk c
arri
ed o
ut
join
tly
wit
h th
e A
FD
gro
up
End
20
24
8.3
Sup
po
rtin
g co
llab
ora
tio
n a
mo
ng
SAIs
, an
ti-
corr
upti
on
an
d ju
dic
ial a
uth
ori
ties
Num
ber
of
pro
ject
s un
der
take
n w
ith
a
view
to
gre
ater
d
ialo
gue
amo
ng
inst
itut
ion
s
3 p
roje
cts
No
ded
icat
ed p
roje
cts
MEA
E, C
our
t o
f A
udit
an
d A
FAEn
d
2030
Acronyms and abbreviations
AFA French Anti-Corruption Agency
AFD Agence Française de Développement
AfDB African Development Bank
AGRASC Agency for the Recovery and Management of Seized and Confiscated Assets
ARMP Public Procurement Regulation Agency
CCEF French Foreign Trade Advisors
CCI Chamber of Commerce and Industry
CCIP Paris International Chamber of Commerce
CFI Canal France International
CIAN French Council of Investors in Africa
CICID Interministerial Committee for International Cooperation and Development
CNFPT National Center for Local Government
COSEC Co-Secretariat
COTEC Technical Committee
CPME Confederation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
CSO Civil Society Organization
DAC OECD Development Assistance Committee
DDD Sustainable Development Directorate (MEAE)
DG Trésor Directorate-General of the Treasury (MEFR)
DGM Directorate-General for Global Affairs (MEAE)
EGPS Extractives Global Programmatic Support
EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative
ENA École Nationale d’Administration
ENM French National School for the Judiciary
EU European Union
G20
Group of Twenty (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, France, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States), and the European Union
G7Group of Seven (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States), and the European Union
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GRECO Group of States against Corruption
HATVP High Authority for Transparency in Public Life
IADB Inter-American Development Bank
IGGN National Gendarmerie Inspectorate
IGPN National Police Inspectorate
INTOSAI International Organization of Supreme Audit Institution
IO International Organization
ISE Intermediate-Sized Enterprises
MAPS Methodology for Assessing Procurement Systems
MEAE Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs
MEDEF French Business Confederation
MEFR Ministry of the Economy, Finance and the Recovery
32 France’s Anti-Corruption Strategy in Its Cooperation Action 2021-2030
MESICICFollow-Up Mechanism for the Implementation of the Inter-American Convention against Corruption
MININT Ministry of the Interior
MINJUST Ministry of Justice
OBS Open Budget Survey
OCLCIFF Central Office for the Fight against Corruption and Financial and Tax Crime
OCRGDF Central Office for the Repression of Large-Scale Financial Crime
ODA Official Development Assistance
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OAS Organization of American States
PAGOF Open Government Support Program in Francophone Developing Countries
OGP Open Government Partnership
REMJA Meetings of Ministers of Justice of the Americas
SAI Supreme Audit Institution
SCAC Cooperation and Cultural Action Service (in French embassies)
SDG Sustainable Development Goal
SGAE General Secretariat for European Affairs
SME Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise
SO Specific Objective
UN United Nations
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Strategy report
France’s anti-corruption strategy in its cooperation action (2021 -2030)
The World Bank and the World Economic Forum estimate that bribery and misappropriated funds amount to $3.6 trillion every year, representing 5% of global GDP. Corruption affects the State’s capacity to provide high-quality services, by placing obstacles in the way of the equitable and effective distribution of goods and services. It also contributes to greater inequality and erodes citizens’ trust in government institutions and representatives. Corruption undermines the rule of law and represents an obstacle to the fulfillment of human rights. It is a contributing factor to crisis and vulnerability and has a negative impact on security and stability, nationally, regionally and internationally.
This is the background for this French strategy, the aim of which is to ensure the overall coherence of all the actions undertaken abroad by French cooperation actors in the fight against corruption.
Drawing on consultation with many French and international stakeholders, the strategy has three thrusts of action:1. Reinforcing the French approach to combating corruption;2. Promoting the fight against corruption and reinforcing governance in international
cooperation;3. Supporting the work of international organizations, non-state actors and local
institutions.
The strategy includes an “accountability framework”, so that the implementation of the strategy can be monitored in accordance with international best practices. Monitoring activities and indicators have been identified for each of the strategy’s objectives. They will serve to make a tangible evaluation of the progress achieved.
The implementation of the strategy will be evaluated five years after its publication and again in 2030.
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Ministry for Europe and Foreign AffairsDirectorate-General for Globalization, Culture, Education and International DevelopmentDirectorate for sustainable development
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