Franklin D. Roosevelt - "The Great Communicator"
The Master Speech Files, 1898, 1910-1945
Series 2: " You have nothing to fear but fear itself:" FDR and the New Deal
F ile o. 828
1935 December 9
South Bend, IN -Speech accepting Degree from Notre Dame
·TELEGRAM '<lrlje ~!Jih~ ~ouse
3!l!ln•ltilqjlott
YOR TltE PRESIDENT :
" ~ \? ~ tt l,~
1'ollodns draft ot romcrU to be uaed by you a1
South Bend, Londcy, wee prepared by Father Burke , with whcm
~ . l!asaeU consulted , I t eabodiee eome pcU't or Ray L!oley' a
euggoet1one:
• Al.ooet tort.y years ago the Un1 ted Sta'tos t ook over
t~e aoYere1P.;flt.:r ot the Ph111pp1ne lal..ende , The a'3oept&nee
ot eover e1gnty wne but ftJl obligation to aern the people or
the Pbilipplnea unt il the day they ml gbt thom.eolvea be
independent and take their own p l ace amoQ.g the natlona or
the world.
,.\7e are het·e t.o wulooc.e the COCI:'lonweal tb or the
Ph1U pn1neo i nto tho Co=:monwealtb ot l!nt1ona. I conelder
1 t one ot the hopp1oet e•enta or 1:17 ornoe u PreaHlent
ot tho United States to have 111sne4 in the nMe ot the
United 3to.tes the 1netr\Ullent which g ives no.Uone.l treed01:1
to the Philippine people.
"The tine 1e not £1'1en c e to reoito tho historr or
those forty yenrs . Thet history re't'enls one or the most
extraor4i narr oxtWplea or Detional oooperat1on, national
adjuatoont nnd nnt1one.l i ndependence the world be.e e't'er
•ltneeeed. It h an oxtre.or4inarr tribute to the s enius
or the l 'h1lipp1ne people. Lubjeot to the £0't'erD~U~nt or
o oountry other than t.beir own, they cenerous ly e4Ju•ted
· TELEGRAM
'1!1:lte )llll~if.e ~ous.e ;lftllnsqitiJl!Olt
- 2 -
theoaelvea to oond1t1ona often not to their l1Hng 1 t hey
pati ently waited ; they t'orrette.:. none ot tha t independence
which 18 natively tl.eira a.a a people, 11'h1oh they he:n
ohacpi oned t or theo.ael vea in aeaaon and out or aeaaon, which
the1 have ao ~etinltely expreaaed with due rec:ard tor t undft
ronttll hw:an rlct.t.t in tt1e i r new oonat1 tut1on, and which
the1 baTe now in tLeir own right tully secured.
"le cannot rflfrrin nlso !'ro;c oon::;ratulat1ng ourselves
aa a neopl e lf!!.o t n \to lo::l.,' run b.,Te lone the better thine ;
who have Bourht not our own - but throuc.b our power have
bloaaed o.nd beneri t.te< othcra.
"That both n .tons 1.3.' 6nd ulU·4~..~t~lli ,roaor"f'ed the
policy lee.din·• 'l .his ~:.oat. ~Pi»l" ~e:sul-: is .ue to U.e tact
thn.t both JV1tlonJt ~ ve ~!:e .oc;pe:.t ro:s;:oct ro:- the inaltonnbl o
rirhta or ;.on. twM rl~hta mro npocl!'lcnlly chartploned
ore than a o~t•trr D!\11 h. lt a. o ln o1.4r o"n J>eol arotlon
or Ind,epondenoe . hose a·.c.e r1,,htn nro cha.eopionod l n the
present conat\tut.ion of th.:J .'h1l1pplno Co=omronltb,
"There oo.n bft no true notionnl l!tc clthc:- wl thln n
nation 1taelr or bett•t~en tha t n ... tton a.m1 othor nn';lona
Wll.eaa there he t~>e apecltle o.otnowl~nt or 1 c.nd ~h.,
aupport or or Tlblo le1 tt. , the .rl. t e or ,an. Z:upreme
amonr thoae r t p)lh e, rn ... now the ·blllpplne ~otzr.onwealth ,
hol4 to be the rl ·hta or treenom or eciuuation c•nd tl'oe40!l or
TELEGRAM
'(!lqe ~lji:te ;Mouse )!l!lusltilqJLln -. -
rellr.tous mrshtp.
"This Untvo:-etty rro. r;hich ~o 3end our 'eloo:::~e to
the new C<UO.onual tb exel:lplltlee the pr1no1pl ea or Rich
I apeak. Throur)l the hhtory or tbh l;reat l ddle- eat - ita
rtret expl orera .,_nd !trot J~~rul t m.haioMrien - Joliet ,
-ttrquette , elt' lielle , rnre,lr. - l\111 lou• eo.• le, vatbrr
Da41n, wt.o 111 buried t.cro - ita tiJ:'OIItclie !tither ~rin,
rounder or l.otre N!I.O Unlvorutty - ita z.enloua m1salonar1es
of other ral\.ha - 1 ta pioneers or vartod nat1onal1 tiea -
ell hove contrlbute'l. to the upbu11U.1nr: or our country beoouee
all hove subscribed to t• oae tunrl' o'Jntr, l :Jl' inoiplca or
ror .oa - treed,. o! eduo::~.tton, treedo-. or ~orah1p.
"Lor18 e. -o , .eorf>9 eaon to the ·.trt·inift. ~eolaratton or
rlrbta votued what boo booCille oru- or tbe oepeat oonvtotlona
or he L-er!cu•n ~ple· ' ol1gio11, o1· t.l. c:t~t.r 10htoh e
Q\.O to our ~rentor , ntt.h C!L&r.Or or L1ac:,.r;1nr: 1 .. , ovn le
d1reo~cd onl!' by rf'!laon o.nU. oonvtoUon, noL by toroo or
't'lolence, n11 t.b~,..._.rore 11 '"" oro 8 !.l!lllr e.atttled to the
trco exoroiae or r<::U··ion l~o. .. ..;tn, o ne J.totatea or
"ln tna onnf'l!ct flt ooltoy , or pol1t1o.sl a::rater trblch
tl:le orld to-.r~" wttne'5'lftO, tho t:n1\r,"i. nt.nt~s has nol4 rortb
tor tta Of.n ''"tlt 411nre """4 tor the ·.1Lt n::fl or uthor nct1ons
it .ey ~111 ru~oel)t 1'= , •1~ . .. 1-e-.~• tor.•. o: liberty or
. TELEGRAM
'<llfte ~ljiie ;Manse 3mln•l!ingLnt ~
l c. .. r H. We will DOTel' ~raU, it W8 O!IJl bell) U 1 the llght
to grow dil!l, Ratbttr 1.hro\1.8h eT&rJ' means lee;i Uu:tel 7 w!thtn
our 'PC)wer aDd OU.l' ott'lolll, we will aef'k to tnoreatul that
UG)lt, thd th rays .. ,. extend t he tor~her; that 1te glory
may be seen a Yen rrom a tar .
"Ivery "t'1r.cUoe.tion ot t!.Lo eo.nothy or t hese rtr,hte ftt
hOueJ o\"tlry plen that o1:her ne~tons =n:r e.ooept thea, ta an
1nd t eoo;t1on of how T1r1ld , bow living tb.e:r are in the Marte
or eTer:r true J.:~erioa.ol.
•or their own 1n1t1at1Te, 'tho1r own appreolatton, tbe
Ph111pp1ne IJamrtOJlfiBilHl~ hne a.lao ncrn ch&nploned tbGI'll before D
the world. 'l'brout;b tho t a.Tor ot Ohtne Pro't'ldenae Cl!lY they
be bloued aa a people •Uh proa.,arUJ, and r..ey they grow
tn nu.t1onnl atnture oontt·ibuttng their rt(;b.ttul tbfl!"a to
t!l., ;wt11Ca lind. well-botns ot the Whole r.orld,•
STI ,
.TELEGRAM
'(l[qe ~ltite ~ouse ;l!Nuslfillglou r.x 12_7_,..
•·omo. t or The raai dMt:
Before you begin r eeding rour tol'l!al address at South
Eend thi nk 1 t ould bo the right thinr ror ,.ou t o make
exto::tpor aneou& nol·no'f'lcdnnent or the DeCree . l'he t'oll owinr
h auc,eeated:
'" In eo"'nor l edpi nR t be honor which throu gb the
("J'on tlnr. of thi a Vecree the Univera l ty Ot' Notre U01:1e
oont'flrs up.)n .a<> , I wish first Jeraonally to than'!':: tho pr eai<i.en
ot .o t r e o.~ar.e, the '/e~y 1 eYor enll John l' . O' llora, and a ll the
nenbflra or 1\:a rocuUy. 1 deepl y n!)prec1ete the honor nnd. the
aooonpunyin .. oit~tticm . u at·y ::OlUI.! both ro un:.;.,orlted. ia
unneoeoaary. <;no i n publ1o 11f~ learns thftt peraonall7 bo ia
unworthy or Ue honors t.J;ut oot~.o to :!!1m Da t~.n orrt oi o.l of t he
United Jte::ea. 1 ut H h equu.lly true that 1 am c:oet Mppy to
be eo .onored. l".e t.on('r place• u?Qn co c.n l:~o.tl1t1onu.l obUCut
to tr7 to !iTo u"l to tho citation - both tor tt.o 1u1:.o ot D.7
country and tor the ao.l• now or .. otre Ulu:le Un1Tera1t7 1 whtob
boa eot auoh ht -.h aten~ar4• in both the llduoauonol an4 tbe
athJ..eU.l r t nl· • •
.TELEGRAM
'Qlfte ~l]i:te ~ouse )!lill19ltil1Shm n ,..,_,.
er.o. tor tl'te res ident:
dJMt01nl note to the Prcaldent 1
,·he tollorln ~orwt:lu= concurred in b:r Patber nurke qa
preJ)(I.red b:y ·r. ·•outJ\t 1t1tb the idea or r.h'1ng you certo1n
bnok1·.round 1ntormat1on.
"I thin!; lt wuld bo 1nad'r1eable to eulo&iz.o the leau1ta
exolutt1Telr en. to eir.r.le out tho1r o<..uca tlonal l d.eela tor
epeclnl prulr.o, tiS 1· . oloy tlUf".rpete , 1n e n l'!.ddreaa to be
.eUvercd "t n unlverslty conducted by the oongre~tlon or
the •:oly ..;ro:s:~ , ·~ r1v,., l or .. nnlz~tlon . .... uob apeo1~1 praise or
their ri vale - tor ll.oly cen are hw:1Cin t oo - "'ould Ofi.Uee
the reoes or the .-otre ,Jeme rather• to l en-thou. The
Jlfi8U1tt~ c.rl' 1·obn.bly t.l~e lorct popular order i n the Catholic
church, capeol~lly t~nonr other prlo•at~t . 1 t muat not be
oTerlool-"o~tl1 t~nt otl'l•~r reli ":ious order~; ~-:cdo· equall:r Uloortant
contributions in the earliest history ot ths western homhphore
ss tor in!!ltanoo , I "R I"IHIII 1 t~o "'Ol.l1Lice.n \".ho prt~ventod dovol
orr.ent or aloYorv in t.he "'tl~niab ooloni &ll rru.'. a P'ro.r.oisenn ~ on"
who i n South A.C~eriofl. t.soo•erod :uinino . h~ l13t ccul~ be
r.ul t i nl1ed . X 1-hinl: Ill thor Lurke hlln llcd tt'IC! lea .1t roforrnoo
ju11t ri·ht. " " .
TELEGRAM 'crll1e ~lji:tt ~u.se
llilnsljington wx 12_7_3 • •
-· ill uggeated:
"In acknowledging the honor wbiob through the
granting or tbh Degree the Un1vers1 t:r of Notre Dame
t~? confers upon Cle, I willlb first personally to thank ,._ President
~t! the Very Reverend John F . O'Hara, end all the
members of :L, faouHy. I deeply appreciat-e the honor and the
accompanying citation. ~ tllet .......-u::::Ai ~
~. One in public 11 te l earns tba t penonal17 be 1'lb,
/', 1 /1 I'J 1Vt 1 (.,_ :ttwortby or the honors that come to him as an ott1c1al ot the
UnHed Sta t .. . But 1t 1a equally true that I am moat happy to
be so honored. The honor plaoee upon me an add1Uonal obl1&at1on
to try to live up to the citation - both tor the aake or rny
tt.tl .. .:-v,~ oountr:r aDd tor the sake now or Notre De.m.e,tT: ,,. ·~
~-ttl·~·
STI
TELEGRAM
'01l!e ~l!ite ;£4llnse :WlasiJington
by you o.t
• Al&ost torty yeara ago the United States took oTer
the sovereignty ot the Philippine Ialands . The a cceptance
ot sovereignty Wfta but an obligation to sern the people or
the Philippines until the day tho:r might th0111selves be
i ndependent and take their own place amons tha nations or
t he world .
•wa are here to welcome tte COGIIIomrealtb ~
;~il~t.t:filO:.~tte···e~'~;;artb"ltt~. r consider
it one of the happiest events ot ~:~y ottice e.a President
or the Un1 ted States to have signed 1n the l\fiJMI or tba . . ~
Un1 tad States the instrur~ent wbicb .,_. national rreadoa
to the Philippine people.
•The t.1=aa ia not g1 van ce to rec1 ta the b1ator:r ot
those t'orty years . That hhtory raveale one ot the moat
extraordinary axamplea ot national cooperation , r.etional
adJuat::ent and national 1n4apendence the world bas e-.er
wit.neue4 , It 1a .a4 * ""_.~tribute to the genius
or tha I>h111pp1nc people . SubJect to the governnent ot
a country other than their own, thay generously adjusted
TELEGRAM 'illite ~l1ite ~onse
3llnsl1iugtou -2-
themaelvea to conditione orten not to their 11k1ng j they
pethntly • IIi ted; they r orfeit.ed none or that 1~ ... which h nat.inly theirs ea a people , •llhlo \he; !.&Ve ~_d
cbaQpiqned f~maalt'61 Iii --~ . ._which
they haTe so detlnitaly axpreaa&d with due resard tor tund.a-
that both nations have the deepest respect for the inalienable
rtgbt.e of man. Those rights were apactfically chD.::~.pioned
more than a oantur7 end a half ago in our own DeolaraUon
or Independence . Tboae &CJ:e righta are ebuptonad in t.he
~t ConatituUon of the Philippine Commonwealth.
"There can be no true ne. Uonel life either withi n a
nauon itself or bet11een that nation and other nattona
unleea there be the apeoitie aolo:l.owladpent of, and the
" aupport or orge.io lew to , the ri~ ta o! un. Supretne
llt\Ong t hoae r1ghh we , &nd now the l'h111pp1ne COl!lllonwee.lth ,
hold to be t he r1phta or rreedom or education and rreedom or
TELEGRAM ' \lille ~(lite Jitonse
~l'faslfilllJIOII - . -
religious worahip.
"Thte Unt verd ty troo which •e aend our "elcor:~.e to
the new C~on ... al th exempli ties the prtnciplea or Which
I speek . Through the bhtory of this great ~iddle-Weat - its
Ciret explorers and first ~ miaa1onar1n - Joliet,
L:arquette , De!_. Salle , Hennepin - ita lone ea()le, !ather
Badin , who h buried her e - its apoatol1c rather Sor1n,
found er of t;otre DflJile University - 1 ta zealoua m1881onart ea
or other ra1th8 - 1 ta -pioneers of va.ried nat.ione.U t1ea -
all ban contributed to the upbuilding or our country because
all have subscribed to those tunde.mentlll princi ples or
treed011. - freedom or education, rreedoa or worship.
"Long ago , Georse l.:.aaon in the Vtrginla leclarat1on or
~tghu voiced what has becOCle one or the deepest convictions
or tbt L"!:erican peopl e : •ReUeicn, or the duty which q
ewe to cur creator , andthe c.anr.er ot disct.arsins 1t, can be
d i rected only by reaeon and convi ction , not by torca or
Tiolence , and therefore all men are equally ent1 tled to the
rree e:zerc1u or religion accor ding to the diotatea or
conac1ence.' •fl . ... ,
•In the eontl1ct or poUc~ or political ayat~wb1cb
tt.e world to- day wttneaaea , the United Statee baa held tcrth
tor 1ts own guidance and tor the gui dance or other nat1ona
1r they will accept it, thla great t orch o r liberty or
hu::.an thoueht , l1b4trty or human conacience , We will nanr
TELEGRAM
'illl1e ~RI1ite Jilouse :ID~tsllington
-<-lower 1 t . We will never permit , it we can help 1 t , the light
to grow dto. . Rather through every aeons lesitlaa.tely withi n
our power and our ortioe, •• will seek to increase that
light, that ita raye may extend the farther; the.t its p:lory
may be seen &Ten troll afar ,
"ETer:r 't"ind1cat1on or the ae.notlty or theee rights at
home ; ever y .¢.:t~tiat other c.ations aay accept the~~., is en
1nd1cat1on or bow virile, how l1'11ng they are in the heart.
ot enr:r true Al:!erican. /.
"Ot their own 1n1t1at1ve, ~heir own appreciation , the , '\:.:,.r-
Phili ppine C0:11111onwu.lth has ~ now1
chempi oned them before :U:
the 'P.Orld , Tbrougb the favor ot IUvine l'rov14ence may they
be blessed as a people with proeparu.y, _.),J.y~ they grow \ ,• .• ~ ... ~-
~;i l rtat- a( eer•ravrJ 8 •~d;u lK!fcf'\ll.-strare-t'lr"
tt.e .,esc a a nd well- being or the whole world . "
ST! .
:>f'<H'r.lbPr !l, 1~35; ·f\ Hg'l'RE DNIE ADDRESS ~ · \
I n acknowledsin.g the honor which through the srant
ins or this Degree the University ot Hotre D&•a confers
upon me, I wish first personally to thank your President,
the Very Reverend John F. O' Hara, and all the mee~bers or
your raculty. I deeply appreciate the honor and. the
accompanying c1tBt1on. One in public life let~rns that
personally he can never be worthy or the honors that come
to h!J:l as an orncial or the United Statl8s. But it 1B
equally true that I am most happy to be so honored. The
honor places upon me an additional oblisation to try to
live up to t~e cit.ntlon - both tor the sake or .;y country
and as a new Alw:mus or the University or Notre Dame.,
I u glnd to taka part 1n this spechl Q)nvocation called
to honor the new C011111onwelll.th or t."te Philiopines.
Almost forty years ago the United States took
over the sovereignty of the Philippine Islands. The
accepto.nce or sovereignty was but an obligation to serve
the p30ole of tho Philippines until the day they might
themselves be independent Md take their own place uong
the natl:lJ\S or the world.
We are here to welco'lle the Com~~~onwealth. I consider
it one of the happiest evanta of -.y orrtce as President
of the United Statu to have a1gned in the IUU'Ie of the
United States the inst rument which will give national
freedo:~ to the Phili ppine people.
The time h not given ae t o r ecite the history of
those forty years . That history reveals one of the most
extraordinary exaa-ples or national cooper ation, national
adjustment and nati cmal ind,.p@tldence the •orld has ever
witnessed. It i " a tribute to the genius or the Philippine
peoole. Subject to th'l goverl\llent of a country other than
their own, they senerously adJusted th•selves to conditions
often not to their liking; they patiently waited; they
forfeited none of th.et freedom Mich h natively their s as
a ~ople, and which they hAve eo definitely exprused dth
due regard for funda!4ental human rights i n their new
constitution.
fte have a clear ri~ht also to congratulate ourselves
as a people because in the long t"W\ we have chosen the
right course •ith r espect to the Philippine Ialands.
Through our po•er •e have not sought our own. Through
our oo•er we have sought to benefit other s .
That both nations kept to the policy le&d1ns to thh
most happy result is due to the fact that both nations
have the deepest respect for the inalienable rights or
ann. Those rights wore specifically championed ~aore
than a century and a half ago in our own Declaration of
Independence. Those 5&1'18 rights are eha.pioned ln the
new Constitution or the Ph1lippine ColiiJllonwealth.
There can be no true national lite either within
R nation itself or between that nation and other nations
unless there be U'll!!l specific acknowledgment or, and the
support of organic law to, the rights of 118J\. SUpre•e
anr.ong those rights we, and now the Ph111ppine Commonwealth,
hold to be the rights of !reeda- of education and freedoc
of religious worship.
This University from which we send our welcome to
the new COIU!Ionwealth exempllties the principles of which
I speak. Through the history or this great Middle-West -
its first explorers and flrst missioneries - Joliet ,
!4arquette, De La Salle, Hennepin - its lone easle, Father
Badin, who is buried here - its apostolic ~ther Sarin,
founder of Notre De.ae University - ita zealous ais~ionartes
of other faiths - its pioneers of varied natlonallties -
all have contributed to the uobuildlng of our country
because all have subscribed to those tunda~~~ental prinel.ples
of !reedOil - !reed011 of educntion, rreed0.111 of worship.
Long ago, George Kason in the Virgini a Declaration
or Rights Yoiced what has becoae one or the deepest
convictions or the Aaerican people: 11Religion, or the
duty Which 'll'e owe to our Creator, and. the manner or
disch&rilna it, can be directed only by reason and
conviction, not by force or violence, ond therefore all
men are equally entitled to the tree exercise of religion
accordins: to the dictates of conscience. "
In the conflict or policies and. of political systems
which the world today witnesses, the United States has
held fort.lt tor its own gu.idance and for the guidance of
other nations it they will accept it, this great torch or
liberty of human thought, liberty of human conscience .
We will never lower it. Vie will never peralt, if we can
help lt, the light to grow db. Rather through every aeans
legltiaately within our power and our office, we will seek
to increase that light, that its rays may extend the farther;
thnt its glory may be seen even fr011 afar .
E•ery vindication or the sanctity of these ri1hts at
h0e1e; e•ery prayer that other nations aay accept thea,
is an indication or how virile, how living they are in the
hearts of every true American.
Of their own initiAtive, by their Olm appreclatlon,
the Philippine Commonwealth ho.s now also championed them
before the world. Through the f a vor ot Di vine Providence
aa.y they be blessed a s a people with pros perity. May
they grow in grace tht"Ough their own Constitution to the
peace and well-being ot the whole world.
TH~ WHIT~ H0U8~
ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDElfl' NOO'RE DAKE UNIVERSITY, MOO'RB DAilE, IHDIAB.t
Monday , Dece!Dber 9, 193S, ) . 30 P. M.
Cardirw.l Mundelin, President 0 1Hara, you, the member s
ot the s:r eat Notre O..e family , ot whom I u proud and
happy to becooe a part today:
In acknowleds:lng the honor which through the gra.ntiag
ot this Des:ree the University ot Notre Deme confers upon me,
I wish first personally to thank your President , the Ver y
Reverend John F. O'Hara, and all the members or your faculty .
(Applau..se) And I caooot without reeling a little choke in
~a.M..& old friend, His F.!Dinence Cardinal Mundelin.
I deeply apprecinte the honor and the accompaeyifl8 citc.tion.
~. one in ublic life learns that peraonall7 he can
never be worthy of the honors that come to hia aa an official
ot the United Sutea ~11!!!!1.'1!· But it is eq,ually true that
I am most happ;y to be so honored. The honor places upon me an
ac.ditional obl1C6tion to try to live up to the citation -- both
tor the sake or my country and, !lJ.2, as a new Alumnus ot the
University or Motre Deme. (.lpplauae) I •• (£li.d) ~e..ll.Y
~ to te.ke part in t.his special convocl,tion called to
honor the new Commonwealth or the Philippine~. An!!....!.~
upech:.lly ,rhilutd to have hurd j;!)l:.t brilliant 10cl.dres;
~~. !h2....!9....Jf.!.!.i...F,..PL•.HD!I__..hll..._C~o~ill ·
(Applause)
.. ,
.... er-. t u. .. , tlf:le&r
Pf'llo:Hn. n t • 1
-2-
It C!Mgt seem so lona because even I rnember it
a nd yet it 1s (almost) f'orty years (ago) !.1!la. the United
States took o•er the sovereignty of' the Ph111pp1nt I daDds .
The acceptance or sovereignt:y was but an obliaation to
ael"Ye the people of the Philippines uatil t he day they
mi ght themsel•ea be independent a nd t ake t heir own place
among the nations of t he world.
We ar e here to welcome the Commonwealth. I consider it
one or t he happiest events (o! ) .1n IIY o!'tice as President
ot the Unite<! St ates to hn't ai&ned in the name or the United
States the 1nstrWIIent which • 111 g1Te national t r eed011. to
t he Philippine people .
The time i s nat given ll me to recit e t he hist ory of
these forty years . That hiStory reveals one ot the most
extraordinary ex&lllples or national cooperation, national
adJustment and national independence the y;orld haa ner wit
nessed. It 1a a tribute to the genius or the Phili ppine
people . SubJect to the &o•errment of a country other than
their own, they generously ad.Juated themsel1'es t o conditions
often not to their liking; they pati ently waited; they for
feited none ot that freedom, that essential freedom ~hich b
natively their s as a people, ~ (and) which they baYe
so definitely expressed with due re&ard tor tunduental hwu.n
rights in their new constitution.
We have a clear right alao to congratulat e ourselv es
-3-
in our countrY as a people becauu in the long run we
ha·te chosen the right course with respect to the PhU1pp1ne
Islands. Through our power we have not aou.cht our ~
(own) . Throush our power we have sought to benefit others .
(Applause)
That both nations kept to the policy leading to this
1110st happy (result) .fi.!.!111s due to the tact that both
nations have the deepest respect tor the inalienable rights
ot man. rheaa rights were spec1!'1calb' ch&m.pioned more than
a century and a half a1o in our own Declaration or Independence .
(Thoae same rights are) And uain ther have bern ch&apioned
within a rew •onth§ in the new Corat1tut1on or the Ph111pp1ne
CoJIIlllonwealth1 a Constitution whish I would like to h&va read
apd learned about in ever y school and colltu of t he United
R!.Ul· 112, there can be no true national Ute either within a
nation itself or between that nation and other nations unless
there be the specific acknowledpent or, and the support or
organic law t o, the rights of man. Supreme among those rights
we, and now the Philippine COIIIIDonwealth, hold to be the right•
ot treedos ot education and rreed0111 ot relicio~ W'orship.
(Applause)
This Un1Ters1ty tr011. which we send our t<elc0111e to the
new Co!Dlonwealth exetr~plities the principles or Which 1 speak.
Through the history o! this great Middle West -- ita t1rst
-4-
explor era and first missionaries -- Joliet, Marquette ,
(De) La S&lle, Hennepin -- its lone ea&le, !'ather Badin,
who is burled here -- its apostol1c rather Gorin, founder
ot the University or Notre Dame (University) -- ita zealous
a1as1ona.r1es ot other faiths -- its pioneers ~ ••rted
nationalities -- all have contributed to the upbuilding ot
our country because all have subscribed to these tund&~~.ental
principles or freedotn -- freedom of education, freedom of
worship.
Long ago, George liaaon in the Virginia Declaration of
Rights voiced wh11.t has become one ot the deepest convictions
of the American people: •Religion, or the duty whieh we owe
to our Creator, and the manner or discharging it, can be
directed only by reason and conviction, not by force or
violence, and therefore &11 •en are equally entitled to the
tree exercise or r eligion accor ding to the dictates or
conscience. a (Applause)
In the cont'lict or policies and or political systems
of old kinds and oC new fanatical (?) kinds t:'hich the T;orld
today witnesses, the United states has held forth tor its
own guidance and. tor the guidance or other nations it they
11'111 accept it, this great torch or liberty ot hwaan thoU&ht,
liberty of hwr.an conscience. l'le will never lower it . We
will never peraait, it we can help it, the light to c row dim.
R&.ther through 8\'UY means legitillately ·.-tthin our power and
_,_
our ott1ce, we will seek to increase that lisht , that its
rays may extend the farther; that ita glory may be uen
tTen !'roc al'ar . (Applause)
Every vindication ot the sanctity or these rights at
home; every pr ayer that other nations may a ccept them, i s
-.n 1nd1eat1on or how virile, how living, how perpnent they
are in t he hearts of rvery true Aalerican.
or their own initiative , by their own appreciation, the
Philippine Cou&onweal.th has now also championed them before
ill the world . Through the f avor of Divine Provi dence may
t hey be bleued as a people rtth prosper ity . Kore important ,
aay they grow in g r a ce through thei r own Constitution to t he
peace , to the good ot the (and) well-bein&: ot the whole
world.
(The tollo•lna was delhered extempor aneoudr:) And so l et
me say, as I leave you, that I am. happy to be here today,
that I am proud or the creat diStinction 'fl'hich you heve con
rerre4 upon •• a.nd cay I tell you that I was •or e touched
then anyt hing else by the little •ord of the President of
.Kotre Deme when he said that I will be in your pr ayers . I
appreciate that . I trust that I may be in your prayers .
(Prolonged applause)
flo.,.!ho-aJ . Ilarry, llubUcity Diree~tor, Tho Uninor dty ot Notre DaM.
R•dl!ll; or tM c1tatlon.e tor the oonterrinc or the ho110rary dey-ee or doctor or laWI by the l1nhordt,y or Hotre Dant at Con.oeation
on Decelllbor ~h.
On a leader and ru.ler .t.o, with faith and irrrli'IOible ooura~ when
other brano 110n were taltar1n&:• took tM rein. or conorfll*!nt at a
or hh wtlioh throatenGd w1th oollapae and oha011 the oontur1ed
o1v1lhat1on and 1nat1tutlon.e or our ooWitry and tho ro.t or the
world, and wtlo h now by aoh1en=e:~t enn aore than by ottlcisl
poaltion the tint cithon of our repubUo •• fhe hononble
Franklin Dollano RooaoYOlt, lreddent of the United Stlltoa ,
C:1 an o:dnont CethoUo journalist, orator, educn.tor, and JNblio
aerw..nt , who baa had a 1-.dlnc: part in the eeta.blhhaont of t~e
ncnrast ne.tion, a 11111n wtlo by hh conrlno1n~~; chn.apiomhip of Chrhtian
prinoiplea hn.a won tho eonfidonce and a upport or his pooplo - · Tho
honorable c~rloa Plftii:.. Roa~lo, or :!rln1lft, "hil1pp1ne Ia~nda .
I'J•.:n:~Tb.Jme1. S.rT7 Futltelt)' Director Untqnlt)' c:r Hot.r. Ile!Dic
IAtroluoUoa of Predh .. Aoo .. ft.U b)' •1• .S.U.•ol George C.rd.irlll.l ~deleJD , preeldl~ orrteor, et e epech.l convoeetlou 11 tho Ulllverel ty or No tre DIL"'ll, Doo. ? , 1?3),
and thle aeeaon wrely 1Dd1catee tbet thle 1111.at be m lll-1mpcrunt oc-
t o Join •I t il Notre lkoa in Ita ealeOIM to t.ho Chie f EJ:ocut l'fl o r our nation,
behelt ot tile teculty eDd -.ooent.-bod)' o u t bie oeeo.elou I a 0\U' cd•TCr to
r:tke tbe Pneldeat hel thot t:e bu reo.lly «11:11 Into the b~ ot hi.s trlenda,
to on uot tn pol1 tl ea, no1thu t hl C'hUrch or I ; no l !'ldtrtdunl Cord1ntll ,
Bhhop or prieat, no Ol'gmizotlon or l oymn or Co.tt. .Jlte Do-.epoper ttaa tho
r tght to apeolc to r th11 tlii!UtY c.illlon Cethollca 1n t.bh OOUDtt)' In =attere
or ~lltlee; only t'- Bl.tope er the CloUDtl'7 togeU.er , in aonttrcce o r
bll i:ate r pr11t9d In tlllt 11n1111, !tl r hoq I&)' intention ot deten:Hnc the
aelt end he no Ida no Mlteide t ill p ,
But. - I he•e ll:no-. the l'l'eeldant qu ite lm.iat~Jly, bet.ter the
!letttr 80\.lfi'O a lllln'a dlOTocter, to look do• into !Jia 'flr'l 11 ~ul , to reed
l'lOre clearly the puri>""M• that. ..,,., .. ,, hill actit-na. I lleq tdke4 to cen
~o! uncoosdoul17 t.be7 painted t o r ~ a picture ot tba IS!. that ho le , Jnd u a
n.ult I !!eYe loomed to e<mtr-e in b11:1, 1110r e t hllll llliYtbJ.ng ollie , hh 1D4r-1111table
ttghttng COIU'II(,." • tho courage that enabl ed hill t.o Ol'llrcol!llt a crt~at phyatco.l. hon41-
cnp th!lt 10uld hDYe h itl l ow l'll.m<lat my other m n ; the «'Urtlp thot hclpecl. hiD.
t16ht hta •G)' 111d ocr.. t o the Yary t op aith clean bllllda; the oour ua thot e nt.bl ed
1111:1 to br1118 OTC!tT and rtrDOW84 e011ttd111ea out ot chana ot the YOr'J bllgtootrr,c ot
btl adr:t:!liat ratton; tM ccur llt.., thllt c n aad bta t.o ut oat~• the tra-11t1ona ot ht.
el a .. , the trtaMllhtpa ot hle ytlltb, the llf'Oaeura ot the ocney-pcl'.or , t.o cc:c:. t o tt:e
a l.d ot the tOl'f':Otten ~:~m tn the ~:~ore equal dhtrtbution ot Vll&hh~ l 'o who know boa
the J>C'(lr l!l.lat live, f:ll whoae dut y i t te to ltf1ltell tho tr bur dor:a onc1 help aoln tha t
ot J"llteTC!eJ a11d t.o4q IDJ~ eon be a :.bi.JI& ot tho poat, t.~u the W r den ot t o.xatton
oat aocn be o.'l tttod. tc he 111)1"8 eq~ly boraa b-• tbOIIe .t'.o hnYo the lnber l. ted wealth
llDd plmtttul tncoDll to enable thell to do .,. I con cnly l'\l'p:!O.t oeat n ia putl le whc
T aetd to tho rraatdont in pr1Yt.te ahem he epoke ot bte purpoae to l evy n mora equcb:'
tox on gr eat woelth ond large inCI'Imee , et hu hna, " it t a ao-thil!f that .floul d ba'l'e
been lk' na loat a!J) , b.lt oh, tt r lll take o lot ot e<IUZ'e,ge tc do .o, aDd to carry it
or:.d propttteua , Here are aoqral thouaand )'OUEre men e n the t!'.reatol l! ot the ir JJ:reat
cKJ..-antu.r e . Thoy aro fac1J16 U:e com.tnt atNUlc dth hope hi('h In theil' hoorta tlnd tl
fUture bright ODd prol'ltaiD!;' to their cyea. 'I'hoy al'lt t npottent to reach tho CO ol ot
INCC:eaa oa qulekly c.a they c an. They alroo(!.y - tbm:13ol1'e1 rid! a~t. tncu1 to b.lt "
pcll'ing; to take Uh whQ ha.,. no otbor li(ht to ("Uide ua than the lcql ot '-"'r e~tenr
of the Ptllt, •• can •• lll)rt claorly Into the fUture then they ; we know tbat the 4$Y•
o r the sa: rich quldl: oro over , that m.ny c t thor~ 111.111t oof.uro pcvc:rty o.., •ont unlau
the y ore rrerarod to nBeti:IGDyt&o obetacle, to O'fllr ox>m hcrdl'hlpt:lth .·reat r-er aevor1
to h• ld the1l' t etth hiM! , thlr eoureg11 toat. ond unet4er. ~
The l'ld r.e~ ,._ btld u odcJee ""'artr. llooont. , exenrlo trot.unt. ~. St~•t.a
ot Not.re D..,.. you er t rtun~o•.o In h,..'lllli: tc.r )"..W' Pnaldcnt 11t t.hta tl~:~~t a 1110 ..t-4 tle e fiYoa ua ell ., c.utetundl~~t- a:~eple ~
Add 2 lmdolo1n.
ln hh llro or 1nr!OI'Q1b.blO pc raGI'Criii,& 00\U'Cf:00 uflo hn.e 11trh011 to tho beGt
or hh lltTCI:I(;th IUid •bllitJ- to benefit hh f ollOit' tun, 1'1110 ho.11 boon ovary
blt ::a• bro." o. 11oldier c.o e~ey · 'ho f ell on tho tattlo-tiold,
M t'to hl,.boet ro.nld.~ il:Oillln Catholic ooolee1c1t1o no1t or the
Allor;h:lny 1D0unto.111.1, Mll wo1t.mrd pu t c:11no., Japc~.n and tho PMUpplno h lttl¥1.1 ,
0.1 o. no.t1 ve Anoriean or foUT e:onoro.tlonl and tho r;mnd1on or ono or tho nnoet
aol d lore t.o •hod hil blood for tho Unlon, but. ooro thnn ttll, u • ce.m. poreone.l
friend o.nd. I:Ub:dr e r, I haVG tho t Too.t plo.111UN1 o r ~lc<:Eiinc to thil uld~11ter~:~
aco.t ot Chrhtbn culturo o.nd oduco.tlon ito aoet r cccmt o.ll.t'.llluo , tho 3l ot Prodd.ont
thoeo liDitod Sto.too , FNnkl!.D Delano Roooovolt,
rroc Thomas 1. llar1'1 I'\lbllohy rtrector tcotr. D- , I.Ddilltla
Rol• .. e: Attar delher)' n.e. !10 19M
.&di!.reaa i!.elh'cni!. bJ Mr. C'.AR.OS P . RN.VLO on the ooc•s1on or the
conferring or tbe ~ egree LL. D. , by tM Unh'•r•ltJ cr tlotre ~ • t •
Sr.,chl COo't'oratlon llonct1 ns tbe ne. Co:cctll .. altb or the Pb1Hrplua,
Deellll:hr 9 , lia&,
one would be ~11 or •It, indeed , et1c! alo• or taor t trho
could b" unr~"ponel•t~ m the ~rt\lne.te coincidence or hhJtorio
tntl\lMOfiO brou~t to this oco .. to n at Notr e Da~. I refer to
the apt confluence or the Faith and t:reedom that have atroaned
through tb6 hiatory ot tha Pbillppinea, nurtvrtna our peot'la
to U1e mturtty or independence . T04ay , botb are &l•n NfNJ
aentattve teati!l:onJ in a joint t;eature ot r w-'1.branca aut thfl
«lnoemed e<lnt;r.,tulation ot ontce.ble hope.
F.t. lxcell~mcy, the Pr-eatdeE.t ot the llai tl!d Stnea, be
e;eaka the tnoe4om at • nat lOA dedicated to ~· propoattio11
th.et all am , end all groupe ot ~. a.re created t~qual ~
tt:e la•: a m;.tlon whtch 0011trola 11aelt throubh di'COcr atic
~tiona 110 deal&ned aa to aerve ennly the riSfl,U or aU their literUea aul orportunit!ea; tb&t each -.y u..._ si\llol.lt
aervltude .r~d witbout on...-y ; protected In !!o::"lllatlo .aeo:rur ltJ llt.C
oonttl'TMd In the tnlll.ltenable , prcpri.,tory power.:. ot oiti:.ons.
Tlle ao1'erel.enhJ ot tbla Roorl.lbllc Ia ahuod by all, p:.a
flollla&ed by DOne, tl'.at the aJ. tt.or1 ty cr gowrn:-.ent Mt ~'t'er be
preau:;tU'I'e or arbitrary tut on.lJ repre aentlt1Te anl1 revoreblll ,
A Dent.oracy ~eay TOte away ita po•era - 11 tt hea in Gfi=.an~ o.nd ,
re~e!ltlJ, 1n Gt'tlece: \ut a rop.~bltc c.r~not do likarh:e witl.out
o-allillG to eJ:ia\ . In tt.e United States, rree4on l a not limited
to the tre.ncbhe ot autrrap bu.\ extended to all et.l!'.enta ot polltteal md oocial tunetton . The Stete, tb rn , ten ne't'e r be
oome co~e:;ull 'lflth ! he collltWiitJ: aa could ba it prooeaoota ot
80"''"'r~~'"ll!lnt were aecoepted u ecbrael~ tt.e aU\ICt~:re and torl:l
ot scoletJ. rt:.e COlZllr.itJ Ia creeter , •• 1t11ll u c:.tee~dent
to , th!! St•te. lt ere ~~tell the State to control and orler ita
rultlple lnter esu: intereeta 'ltlieh ol tiM!IHI nevr~r relinquish
lltletherto k'1nga, prlneee, orparli(ltl!tltl. 10 I'lia telte tllle re
latlor: , to l:lhoretld tbe genealQ8y ot goarn.rer.t , Ja '.O iMuce
:.ha a~.bau.,.lellee ot the populu to the f{o.-err.r-tuttal wlll . •or
•.to peos:le, by tlle peoJ;lf' , tor ':. be PIIIOJ)l'l ' la, t!:erc!ore, a
rrepoeiUone.l au.::l!l8of'Y ot !be ooncept ot H•t 1'reedo~: T>ht dl th"
1.'n1ted Stat""' enjoye .r~C. •hlch , witb 11l114ula:r nttnuntr.tty , U
baa (!CI&'t'l~d end beqo..e•thed. to the !'"lliJ!inO reo~·la .
J.r.lone e p10ple .so natural l y tUepolled •• the! l'111plnoa to
lr4ependenoe, th:\.e dootrlr:e ot freedoa, tiiU(Iht !dth lhfl oOfl
'llotloa of diiCO'I'ar)' , fbund widespread .r~d Uftly acceptance.
K - 1 Carloe P. 11oall0
fbll l IJODder , tba\. • • eb:luld bue 4eehe4 tor ouuelY .. -.hat tte
Mlerlceae twgbt e u tblt proeaiMDt bleestnc ot nstlDul n1et.ence l
Tbere ore Cl• ~. ~Wil'Ni r, 'IIIl o 11011ld u uUoc ue ( end not
hqrrudaaly) tbet eutcmoa)' .xy pron pzecipi\.Gt.e~ thet •• ~ Wl
ekllled In stet.e- crert; leckillg the ooQolouenou or orpnlo unity ;
lnra."'tile lo the arbltr amen\. or om.~ ; thet • ere IOODOI!IIOolly oTer
weight ed by the put pr eferment ot expor t : In ehort , tt'.et trne4om
·..,- -oo re:dno , 1r t t •111 not ~»e.~ e<ro..
To INCh counaal or ceuUo!l • • reply tl'.:ot t r eodol':l Ia 1111 N
aentlfll ooadltion ot nctionel , oe or IPI!h'iduol, e;q~roaalon . The
Re..-olutionetT Ae.ricma eo beUe'l!ld m'lld , rlllil:lrg oll, died :LA tbe
hiJ.J.oged no::e at Liberty. Bu ... uer BUl, Valley 7orp, SurCitogo or•
the 11l1'10rtol watch- eor da or en Ideal ODd o lerllll8 record or ite
price. 'nle :PUiptnoa, tC' o, have their bettlet illda ot Froednn ODd
ttey &bell beor , I t:ruat , with e.paa1c1ty the t r 1ele that lnOep~n
denee lt!C"'••• · ID411ed, r:iflt,•r ttul:e SJ.d dClf'Cire &:'I but. U:e U'f!Dfli£%1.t 0
it lneacopoble clreU!:IItnncee or ll•tns: to etriTe t o o-.o recce tb.c
1e to lh'e 'I'Olic.nUy. 'ledea irll no 111018 1
.And 1n our treedoa, • lllholl be tbrUtJed by ttat Faitt. 11bleh
c11tleate because I t \ro~cOJDCla Tire. Thle greeter herttq;e or the
•nt O!IJ.,r lty or our people l e g1 veu rit n" u toaey by N<~tre DerJO
ad the prelate• or tM Cethollc Cb.urc~. Llltll rreedOI:l, Faith r eachod
~ tbra.~E;t: oonqueat. Centuries reo. with the er:11n or Spei.c ~-=- U:e
croae o r Chrlat; b:ltb t10r111 CD the 'l'llhentnt and =~J~erf'ul ezuberr.nce
or t boao !l.~t.~ntleee adveoturura 'llho to:re!!hortened the ecr th. Tt;ay
Ol&ht eiher rc:r their kine end aubJecte J'l:l:r tt.tr oct • .bOO& ua
theJ found bot!! . an. tha eroeu •• :rafll.lJ turlad e:ttb tl::Sl'l; we t.Pa
el.t:ao:t tCC'Sottl;in ~· or wb:ln. on. cro11a rc.1ll.ll VlroU6'lout our 1-
leDCa, a ay::bol .,dan eYidanca or tho~ cu.lc.:.re or our r:;lndl!. ,
P~r DO one cou 'bell"• bw:an lira toroll:ICili:o~a , thn'>ue;t r:;reterlea ,
e o::re ~r.;~le tnd tnt11!l1te exlat ence eltb God1 no oac con 'belle••
thct Jeaua Chrlat h tho Son ct Ood 'lbo ea,•d ua by fila doctb tl)d
eancttrtoe ue by Ilia SacriC80t: no oDe cen belieTo hJneelt a ccP
actoua aoul under tbJ caa.n&:~u~t or Di'fllll Inn: no or.•. I repeat ,
em bell eu tt. M thlngealthout. be'I'IDG altel'ild pmroundly \I.e quel
tty or bill tb:::U(;bt MIS tbe dIn ctton or hill (Utlook. S11cb bell\lt
h a t r Mitlon UllOrtg the flllptnoa, I t dtettngll lohea ua actll(" the
.,....plee rt the For Eaat; .ad it •Ill ~ e nt.:t, erntiTa -nt in
the ft:r1110tlon ot cur oee notlon. By thta , 1 do net 11teh tc lr.pl}'
that Cathollc ls: Ia the r elletc11 ot the St11te . It t a r:~~.ch ~ra :
it ta the r eligion or the poople .. .And the pOt'plo, nc;t~.
ere IOYI!'IIt",n. . To conetroto reli(;ton 011 ~ lDatl'U!!I'n\aUQ" or C.OY
enmant ond to IIIII"JJt \he -.o:m.J.oue U:11'16 celled •stl:te Jlelil"t."n• te
to conai!\ar relielon f'olMly ~ abCUltbn It , oe GHltiiOipenry e"nta
elenh~re PIDY&, to the llllroy oro GoTem!*'-t 11hlcb r.tJJ not bo rep
J'IUfWI.tathe ot 1be people llllom It rulea , To pemtt tba Sto\.e to
adopt a rel1e;1o~ ie to ooneed.• to tM ~et• U e potenUal e:rt.eneio~ to all1'Uncuo~• ot l!loolety; it 1e to oonuhe tbe Stne •• tbe ultil!lllte trnlliii'IJOrk or tile eoclol org~mitll'l. 'Jba oontn.l'7 h, ot co~~rMo ti!Uo tn the wrJ ceture ot thlll&ll• OOftrtiiMII.~ unle .. it - tyr~, te but 11111 1netl'\m11Dt 'l'arioualy etw•• by t.be ccm:~.~~~lty ;l)r 1te owa -sal p.1rpoaee.
So t he PhtUpptDO conatttutlon tutn~ota it a ruture fl:oftrrmeot tbet tMro mall t. tre8'd0111 ot eor ebtp, 1D4tuttnn thor-.bJ thet ita power ltlllll b e H111lted 10 coatrol II:U.U'eetuto:. etteotill! public diletpUIMI ; an4 1Dd1011t1116, too, tbet \be pracUce ot r oUr.ton a!lall tn DO • a:J be eonaUiered ee 4opeDd811t. on leglala\1'1'8 ODIICieaion, 'l'he phrllM'frMdOII ot •rllhlP' placee relteto~ outatl!:e tbe bee1c lee retbe r tbm 'rithtn tt; end properly ao, et.nee • oa:.etltutioD 1e pro
jected to reatrlot £0'1"11ml'!&Dt, not Society.
The catbolto J'attb e:lll be, ucCD"d11'6l.f , treo to tneptr-. , deTolop aad ~:Ddity our tnet1tut1N1e o;~lltoftlebly to ite lJJPl"'lll:. 1" ct eb&rtty, Throuj:b ebllr it)' e e ebould acllil'" obed ience ettb-,ut eerTSHt:r; eutl.orHJ :ettbout &JtOCl"&e)'; juetlce wttbout fuortU.::~; eqaellt)' of respect ettbout tbe ~;~~.cr®y or 110 dt.tt!'loO\.tona. J.lecal-htlo raehe.nllll':l. ne•r b.la bean, no• etll be, 4n1eed to eUaln par 10 tbe ends of ao<~lol jueUce, Nor a:re tbl110 ends f'Urthe:red ~bstanUollJ' , 1M 801:8 mo1ntoln , bJ l'&cial te~r-nt, seoa:raphtolll poeiUon or «.nttnsent relotSonehtps, Only the no~rancl8 of Chl"tattm charity o~:~e blos us to f oreeoat the dtreotton d: et the e:urotae ot eo'l'ora16ntY elll tlllte , Taltb, 1;hen, at'l'el 8\letlllll&llCI to our freedom.
Cree .. etth thh double !Pf~ ot conetn~oU'I'e rorooe, the P!:U
lpphae Cou:oneaelth tnttiatoa a an netionol effort tor tte reeliution or fill ordoreiS en4 equtvolAint soolet)'. lt .:~uld be pre.-u::~ptuous to sey ea shall achta"~~J tt: it wwld be &~~lne pet to \ry, h shell b0(111'l our to.llk etU! OD. ent!'IUIIliiBUIBCboreiS by hietC"rleal pwepeot111'&, It •• ero a Dfltl- borD netton, •• ore not , thereb)' t1111-bom to u. per~pttoo ot realltt.ee, h Olll be ee.rof'Ul DOt to be :=.ielad by ardent apoetl• ct ta tuoua peneeens, lrt.rlll Ubll 111 appenranee teo~n~.ae toate4 Olll.J eaeuat the Wlan .. ar1116 nouitJ of tbo1r outhor'• D!ah, h c8ll be !!nella be:tnre tech md mindtul tbat qatfll:8, boQ'I'er finely eoulptured, em be brot.• by lDOrdtaeto ~to aid teapoetuoue eUla. Je en put rortb a =odest , well- prtl1c1plet effort to aj))rrOlliaote e er>luttoa or the herue1116 preble~:~ or BOC'Romle balance and dtatrtbution ,
UDtll lately, the PbU1~p1noe bad II plDI1totioD 800~ web •• oaee obttJ.DOd In the seutb.-eaatern Stetee of the Union. No•, .. ban J:~CJnd, tb.O\f.:b 111. lh9te4 a..,.., toeiiJ'd tbl ~plexttlee or 88rerlu md tnduetrhl oopltolte~:~. Tbere ta, in copHalhct, 111cb tbot la s till lnl:llt.ure acd, therotora, ICIJ..odjueted to tbo e:rtattngooclll.order.
&.it thoN 1e JIOthlq · lnhoreatl)' .So1C11e ln eop1tol1m. Tbt. pooling or ooe.lth tor ra-odue t1on nM4e to be cnu rter-bolonoecl t7 poolill€ or reaouroe a t or oozrMUq~tton: only eo , cea capttol1• be 'llholeaomo and beootlctal. We clo not ehor o tho '910111 or thoeu who -auld p~'t'Oilt the ecq.J.lre:mnt or wetJ.t.h ty 41str1Wt1DIJ It eretuttou ... ly . 'ilJe bello• • 1uoh • proceea ~uUI either de111t rcy wealth tor ell or oonc•trete It 111 tM haruh or eoJIII JI'CUP l'bo ec;ulcl call t.llee~~~~l .. a , euphcatet.loll l J , t rt. Stue.
•e Oo not .aoept t he 1Euzie dte.lcotlc thet elaaeea ere!,!."!!,Ol:!icallz. t onllll'd aM thet tho r eed to "c~o~rity t. ttrouF;t tho l1quidot1on or tho• oh1111 1D ra~r ot \be protllertet. Z'fcry Orlc.~tel koooa that ther e 18 acorcely eny protelorlet in tho Per J.a1t; end lmcea, too, t b&t CT'a11110 11 ar& t orr.le4 there by educational dtacr1rtlnct1on 111 tn China, by aoc1al heredity u 1n M~~oyr., by rel tatwo modol1t1aa u in In<l.h 11bore no .:.ount or ooqulrad • ao.ltll .auld •lll'rllnt tntr~t Ot mee prhtlet;elo Tr\» 1 the Ter ltllet illlildlJ Mnllitho to OOIIDlllle• but DOt beoauM t bl J"o.r Beat 1 11 cl11111 oonecioua ; r ather t-aoa~eo 1t 11 l•d conactoue. CO::mm l a In t.~t Ia not 1 ph1lt'110Pb1: It 11 Gil 1llct~1thlltltl hope tor unaamad incl'OI:IDI'It. ~oonot:dc elaas eu-tu. 11 a ti;Jth ot t ba Collm.mhte . &t aconoclo contl1ct , oe a ~or or tbll 'lllola eoc::l-.1 bod:J , 11 DO J:O"Lh and • e ~~':ell etrtn to olbdoata It f'rcl=, our OOII'f:OD'IIIlth bJ !Ohet I hen r or.r rocl tl'l • a llt:15aot •ll- princlple4 ettort .
Tbll epproacb to thia e11at be roel1et1c; not pat ron1z1116 ~4 crufli~K~tne: . It 11 Gl'GIIdiOIKl Ultl lllllrchictll DOMOII.!IO to preUmtl that Ill ale:~~mtl or -iotJ IIIJ.at enjoy equel ltJ o r tdentt ty. •:r..r,. 1100 e kiDR.' t e tho CIOt\o ot a tool ' • peredile a:~4 the cot.eh-p~ciiO ot polttteel t~e,.,.. 'l'blre 11 ta acciat J • aoturll .U't'erelty or eStt." IDtl tunnJea om where thwe te 41ettneUoa or at1Uty, tblre •Ul be
Uetlnetl r.:~ or r .. lrd. The ooeloaohrc or IU114Z7 c:rou~ e~ee the pattern cr II)C:UJ!.eJ.ltYir:r«; and oo-.r.r&ol lht.ag Ia not oa ertirlcttrl r ouJUlt rrotluoad bJ 0111 cl.eu tor tte o.oa oduatl@o tut tha 1ne'r1ttoble exprelflllon or maa•e 10elel chorectcr •
.lccordtll!tly , •• belto•o ccorr.Oilllc rector • peucoa 10ell.l. • • •cU ee trv:!.1'r14uel el./?nltlconco . ~n &ru not tree to l•:nore tbllli nor he•• eo the pooer bJ les;lllflltha tlat to abolleh the"'• • ll:ell ~lnt"'ic , tt!en , t.Mt ownersblp Ia 1 rie'ht. ~erhod tl'C'C D'lture, not t'Nc law, ctl lt1 uote or aieuM ctu~not daetroy, or ea~M to ta t orfoltad, the rl&bt 1teolt . Wealth tn•eetld 11 capttel ehouU u ... a r.Jturn tut tho return lht'! ld be relotl<! to tbe ecoaorr=:J' ot tho ao.tlon current It the period ot tl:e depoeltton , Iiloo. •!:wld be 011 tben'Al ea t ha •Ueoouat rote. .1. tilted t o taralt or 1 t1J.ed •oge eocla t 11r prottt , detorminad n•er e.ny tout e ehort peri« 111 nb•1cullJ un110o11ll alnee oconclllic onndtttcna •111 he•• alterod bat or o tho lnen or tbe oontr1et hoe Oltpire4, Contrllcte t or 1nteralt vr lubor onoo,~ out- ll:r'ltletl tloet roy the equllttriUIII or the IC?nordc t11ld 1n which tha 1no1dtnce ot their tulrlllmw~t ocour e . The tiltod. el_,t tn t~ocno=lu 1hould be thl aq_uet1011 ot Juetice; the ••r1oble eh~\ i e price.
114 4--carloa P. aoaw.o , Notre Dlmllt
Like ownorahtp end tta rnlll"4e lebot, too, ho.a Ita aootal obligation•. Labor 1111a t ettatn tta tnd t v14ull rl&ht.l •tthout tntr illeemnt of the coCDOD fPC)d . It Ia t lllee tbet the • .ortb crt lobar h tbl worth or 1 u net rowlt; tala• that labor e xeTOI•d on the propert7 of another beset.a o-nerabtp; tllee evoa tbet Ill protlu not neodld for r epelr and reploca1u1t bllonti to tl:ll wor ki iiCMil• To tllllrt t~l Oo.Dt!'tlr7 ta to lo .. liellt of the .,olal aspect ot labor ~ tb.e rl l;b.t of Qfllsrab.lp . 8\lt lll bor <loea Cl'etlte o ;r>ISht. to proflt•ehuitl(••a riCht that II osetn 1n1Hvtduol a.nd oocte.J. . It Ia the rl!!Jit d labor to otero tn prof1to on the boeta or o livtns wcge. If oopttlll doll not PIJ' tbio, ecolal j uatica dl!!ltln<!a that ~loJD&Ot bl Pl'Ohiblted. But 1t eepleyora c~nnnt pay thla tee-.. .. ot unt~ir OOz:;!CitiUoa or uoothto.tl t cpoaitton of 'i"iiiii," then the c ontrolUq lua ot the State ahould be Obrotatld.
9Joh oono1(er at1rna will tol"!D the hul a of our prlnctplld effort t o obtc.tn tho l)eCCO of ecoooclc aeCIU'1t}' wltb.lo our o-.o CWDtry.
But t or the anur onee ('If that larger peace llhtcb depooc'la DOt oo ua tut on tbl aetlDu or tbo world , .. :2ut nett o r:ere eallftbtened lnton~ootl<.>neltac. I11 tnternetlo.Dol ethtn , t bl D&rwlota.o thecry •cr» etUl to peut e t th<m~Sb l011i elnc e dlepo .. e .. ed. J'rcc ttl native hobltnt In Blrl"CY· 'l!le aurvtv::.l or tbe tlttllt .opreera tote tl:e 111 or nettonel edaton<~e and acti('o!l lfbtch, tn the dOIIIIIItl!: l!llbtcnt, eoul' bo corrected by pollee power, ore gl or1thdi an". given tho eupport of llr:l'l11e tn tM
tntem aticnol ar ena . Whon '( 111 efl loam to epply t o nutl:~ne tb.o acce pr1nc t ;:lu ot !Xlreltty 11 -.;>:'lY to lnllhlduola? When will e o lo• m that nettme, oa 1fell •• nan , U'l cHuted e~e.J. bet ore the lew? UnUl eo d<J, all nottcae, tbe grent oa 1111 ce the .. u , ere 1n Jeo•ari7; thu tu"'let ..,. l"'~l tnv•al oa, thfl7 hove yot to oucclld In ropollt:te 1'rr. Tbe
pre .. nt o~etltlon tor ~oth-tice.l ~uallt)' Ia 1 treptdot~ nH.ance ot OJtu-.1. dl •truat an\l: o proof ot reliance In ~ t or the e:nf<,r ce~nt ot dol~. We 1111t tnvll"b o.salnet a.nd deploro the coad.l tl.-ma which •arrent thta cynlcleo or pr11parcdneao. Jn4 I vootu re to propoae tbct, of thlll condltlonl , Sbo lliD&t pt mlotouo t e th~ prnall l n:! ooncept
of tbt Stete u a pollt1cll md ecooomtc, rather th811 11 mr~l , entity . 1hen Loula QJatorzo alld , "J E tbl State, • be at leeat =-1• tb.e St.oto 1 l'llponllble ~· Todei", Stat e abeolutha t a lnfereonlll an~ neuter. Ullle~o tbl a 1o CO!'l'l<lt14 , the Con&ren ot 111t1one will continue to toe :refl'U}oted. by a dtpl~tlc, relber tha.a a ~rill, codo; r,ovll"anoota •111
be r ecQ&Dtaod aa creat or -.ell; the ..o tce of .£2!!!., IDa t eGd or tNt~ ,
•111 con.ttnue to be the deohlve voice ; ond the treodm ot ltttle Jletl coe e111 dapand on tholr 1hlllt7 t o remain uiUintleed or u.nl!e ttra'tlll.
~aloat the ~UI"D ot U1:18, t he 11bll1pp1-'loe will beve De f onre11
on ler~4 (IT •••· COi!l;retlthe lnM~nt eould be e t r actc •rr~r. 'Ih• o11.l7 doteua or tbe Pti1Up• l~~o~e will be Ita epl rlt·-lta artlculotld oulturlll u.a1t7 -.btcl:: wil l c lve h protectloD In thl llldeatructtble 1Mearetlun ot charnuer, It war oo•a, or treeh ot~nou•*" tl'OI!I ehotevar aour ce , • o ~oee It to tt-.e hetlt; tut 11 lholl op;;on It o.lona , 'ill ah~l no' oall: the ~~d~lng ot enothor' a blood to apere our own. '11'1 ehnll not uli:a the Philip; tnu thl Blre#evo o r •othor •orld ~e4doa, Let no cme tet.r It, To t~• l'bllln Snea, t be Ualu4 8teue t: .. b"'a 1o ,.oo•rou• biDifeOt.ol'j a lOJal Md tNI frlen4; ~4 It, Mr, Prleldlllt , II OUI boPOl'
that debt in no otbor wo.y, • • o.:= pay wUl:l our l1voo, it a tod '>e, leet any act ~ eun aboult. l::o a prelude ti'J tho woopln~ or Jrulri oM l!W)thlrll tor their dead . 1fo aro 11 poor oat.irn but not , 1 hore, witbout Yrl " r
'11-1 <votitudo.
W. beYa r.quolt..S ttll!epetlilhnce: 'l'be .lr:lericii!D people h""' ar::~ntod. it. Sri let It be: and M)' It proYe a blee,.tno tor beth md • rl.,..uo ;;;t friendship thrNp;h tho yeua that - to oo~. "lo s~Ul v.o ftrr:ard t.ul•N"k~ wtth eMdt~ taith 111 God ; c~ntlden; er tho parttculu p G- •Ul
ot tl':,., thait od Suua anG the aity ot our Par Eaatern nott,hbor• : {Jit1 ••
ehell t eko our phe~o ~oey1n'! In o\U' t r eedoc, with r eetrolnot! ocurnge, rm;btt1ou. ot ~oce, with crutco toward. none and with ch,rity t owurd c.ll.
1fo tballk "'"'• Wl'. Preatt"-.t, Pnlltoa, the Faculty or Nt.tre DaMI , f<lr the honor 101.1 hl111e, thta dQ1 , oo!lterre4 upon ua cl'li ..:e lrln& tc et.cll ~ ,.ll t~o a~reaela:~ or ht>::h r ttoJ"'' and oo~hl aetew: tr'C the !tlnor f.hle Mllnuel Qlloson, Pre•tdent cr th• PbUlp;iii• Col::locn.:eoltb.
--Ill--
STAIE ME NTS FILE shorthand By Kannee
!llh .w:.r .. t ot U... J'r•• •fut, '- M UttY ...... Ol l:ot u ::t-• ODh· . .. u ,., llot r. lholo, 1114., M llo:od.t:.1, :;;t~~· lttll't D 1111.D Dl t? IC!il1 ocr.:rtii!:ICJ
bl-upoD44111Y~r)", ,:lpOO •• dllllo\l.t 3. :J(I p,jl. Contml 71&>.
u. H. Ucl J?rU &uU<t:>~.l Solorotfl.rJ t o &:..~Qtldlllt.
ln tc::mod..tt1nc tht honor 'lt!.ic:h thr<~Y.oh th:~ ;o;raz~t1nf:
ot th11 0.&1''"' ~., Un1Yen1ty ot Notre 0.... c:onten upOn
-. I •tah tiut )llr.sanallJ' to thftnk your P,.nld"llt, the
Y"ry fttverend J~ f ~'Ha!'a'\.a~ all the -berJ or you!'
raculty:Q".(-;~,{y apfre~te tha~;·,~t~c:~~1nf: c1tat1on."'":'one 1n ru.bUe Ute lC)Ciml th"t ponOMll.7 he can
nover be WOI'thY Qt the honors tll'1t COlo to hl• u ·an ott1c11ll
ot tht United St,.tei\y But 1t 1~ e~u.11ly tru• that I o•
•oat htlppy to bot 6o h"'tored. n-., honor ,1acu upon •• an
e.d.dltlonal obl1':.lt1on to try ?)_11•• up to thl cl tltlon- both
tor th1 tl!l:e }f.. rq country .;.ru!.,:u a n..>" HW"nUI o r the Un1vtrs1ty
or aot!'e ~! u ~"'to~· put tn tllll apeetel eonvo-
~~~t'a.'~~ ~·h\-o~ ~'· ~i,.'-:'~;r ~ l'lltltpptnes . L.*"'/t; (~V(O!"t:f 7UI'i ag~he Unit~~ OV:l!' tho
.. \ eovert1rrtt1' or th" Ph1Upp1n'! Islan4._j-~the aeeeptlnee ot
aovere1~ty na but :lfl oblic:o t lon to aerve th• pt!Oplo ot the
r 'h1l1pptn ... Wlt!l th" d!l.y they •1&ht the•aclvu be 1ndc~nd<-nt
•rod. take thdr or-n place aaon1 th" nation• ot the w<~rld .
l"e lr.l horl to Htlc:Ol:l.., th.J Couon,.ulU'\. I c:on11Uor it
oneol thltulpplrnnent•;.,~otrtc urrelld•ntotth<!
\lnH.""' 8t11to. to ht.~., ~11"1~;:! 1>1 rhr M•• of' the Un1t ' d lltatol
th" ll1UI"J.1••nt "'lch w!ll •1•• no.UOfl.J r .. f>C1,,. u;~ Uvt P htltppllle
poiOtll•
ftr"'' t,.. 11 nt.t •lv.tn.ao to rH•t • ln t.t.t.OI"/ or"!' .. '
r<•rt.)' )'wl~~ fhl~ 'IUtOI"f rrv •ill on W U: ,.-t liii'HIMUI'lr.ry
... .,u. wt n..tt n.::l 15J)(..,,. ti'MI hiiU¥'1 ' 1,.dJ,.~t ,.,...
" ttwul lll4 oil 111 11 c:.rll , ,., r 111. "l:j It 11 1-
: !
trtbuto to tho ac:ntus or th·J PhUtp;~1no~ pooplo.
Jc;ct to t.ht IO'O'i.lm:<:.mt o r a country othar tNon tholr Olin,
the)' aonorOU!\lr "d.Justc4 U\')tllahol to condltlona etten
not to their Uktna; they p:ot1entlt waitld; thO)' !or-,>J..., feltJdnon~~ th.tt ! L·ctdOII" ..-hlchllnt.tlvoly tholnua
et pooplo,-~,fl.flil which they havo 10 d .. rtnttoly oxprouod rtth
duo ucard ror rund.u<S'Ltal h>.:,Un rl!PU ln thCiir no• CQn-
...,, -~ " " hftv~ a clotr ,-1ght allo to concratulato our•olvcs
~ 1 poopl~ boca"'"' in the lone Nn to Mvo ebonn tho
rl&.'lt COUU(' with I'JII)OOt to tho PhUlp;,ln..t hl.a.nds.
Tt:rou&h our power ''"' have not -c.'lt our~ Tbr~ our
~tr " ' havo a<l'\lCht to ben;:-nt oth.)n.{.9 . TNt both nutlon, kept to the policy l•>tdlnl to this
aonhlppY~hduo tothJ!•ctthatbothn.lltlons
huo tho do<lpoat re spect tor tho tntU('nabl'l rllhU ot un.
n~en rlaht• won IJ)OoltlcllllJ' chl•?laned. .oro than a ccn
tur)' "nd a halt 110 1n our own Dccltratlon ot Ind.opmutoncc.
Til ... ~~...~t ~cha.:!.plon~c'iiu~Conttltutlon ot th-:: Phlllppln.o Cocaot~woalth. ·~j·. r -.\... \"/" .. - '- e-- ' 4?:.0.,
...... t'hcro can be ru:~ u·u.:~ n~.tlon.l ur~ olthor within
a nation tttolt or b:t1f<loa:'l W.t Mtior: aM othor nat.tons
unlo'• thorc b..:J th.l s:>eetrtc: aclcnowlo<lpont ot, 1.1'1<1 tha
111pport or oraantc law to, the rtahtt or !Kil. SUpr
a.ona tho .. rtchu ..u , and new tho Ph1ltpptno co..on .... l t.h,
hold to bo tho rtchts or r no<1011 or oduottlon and rno<loa
or Nlle:tout•or~hlp~ 'nltaUnl1'onlty rr-ftltch,.a ltndour•olaOIIt to
than., .. c_, 'lU\ xC'aplttlort tho pl'lnolploto!Whtch
I ap.;alc. 'fhrouth tho h1ttory or thU ar• :r.t IU4dlo~won •
tu ttrn xplor at and raut at•aton .. rtu • .l'oU-.t,
ttu,....,u~, ~lA iGU~, H~uu.pln .. tu lon, wo1l , '..th~r
!k41A, 1ltlo_ \ •.burt 4 h,.. tu •,ea~.olle r .. u~ .. r fl.ort11,
tiNIH r or Jou• r..,..,. .-t ....... -t.r • IU "•'•• •'••t~rt •
otothortlithl-itsptonoor•otnr1<'4n~~t1-11tt .. -all
M."'' c:ont rlbut..ad to tho upt!UU 41nl ot our CQU.ntry b.lcause all
hue aubtertbed t o thHc tunc~.a:-ontal pr1nc1plos ot tr;;cd.o. -
trooolo. or udu~ation, troe4011 of "'ouhtp.
Lon1 aao, Ooor&'l Wason 1n tho Vtrctnl• Dochra tlon or JU&hts
vo111od lltla t nas bucOIIIq ono or tho do-;~p?lt- convtot1on1 or the
AII'J'ican pcoplct •R<Jl1&1on, or tho d.uey which wo owo to our
Cro1tor, and. thoJ •nnr~t•r or 41schllrctna 1t, c~ bo dircctod
onl:r by Nl501'1 llN'I conviction, not 'rq torco or violence, and
::::::·.:::=nco~ :~:~:~:t:;c:.::::~~J.}rchl ot
,.,.,.I~._!h~-!~t or polielol t.nd. ot political •y• t"'ll!l"'~
tho world toda)' rttnou~s, tho Ol'lit;;Jd. St.ato• hal held. f orth
tor lU own JU.ide.ncc and tor tho cutd:'Ulco ot oth '" n.tlonl
1fthCI;I•11llccoptlt,th1s&r~ttor~b.lrtyofh:UJI&n thou&ht, Uberty or human COill eloneo . \o ..-111 ncv.:.r lcmer lt .
Iii? will no'for pei'111t, 1f we Clm help it, tho U&ht to ere• dill.
Rather throu&h avery • cx.r.ns lc11tl~t..,l:f r tthln our pow<~r "ld
ou.rotttco , 1f0•1lltc:!ll:«<1ncr 'Oic tt\Ct.l1JI>t,thrt1tsrays ;-...,
a:;y oxt 'lfld tho rarthcr; that its ,loT)' _.y bu Icon .,,. n tro. .. r ar .CS.
lni"J' Ylndtcntlon or t.'>;,o •mctttJ' or thos~ rt1hts o t ho .c;
IY.JT)' ;>rtoror that other natlonl ~ acc~pt th "'I, 11 an tndtea
tll)l'l or~ Yir1l1, howlh~th'lf ar, tn th..1 ho.r ta o r f!YOry
tM.LaUartcan.
Or thOlT Orrl 1n1tlat1VO, by t!Plr 0"1. ~ppTid&tlOI\ 0 tho
PhlllpplMC-n.r.:~.lthh::.sMVe.laoch.laplonod th._botorq.pu:
.-orld . Thr01.1&h tho favor Of Dlvtn;:, ~~:d~ont~ N )' t.hoy boJ
blunudOIIP"lOPl J1•1th,rotp- r1t)' • Wayth.r;..,•;Ofttnlracc
throuyh thulr o~·n Cl)ns tltution t,o tll po;.c IH'WI •~ll -b 1n1
ottho~ol -.or14
...
I
I / ............ llll211.rml•
'Dh ~~ ot tlol J11'1dU..I, 1o0 \4 &Ill...,.._ B~ hlreil'•OBl"" u",,.,,..P'cooi,IM .. .. ~. =~~· 11\iftD ac.D 1:1 r. .!OUI'l OCI:IPI~
a.lw.M~ 411ltttff,IJ:POI·.tUo\>.t3,30P.K, Ont~ on-.
11:. a . Kclr:nl J.lllat.IIA~ SION\nt)" to~~ JII'.,.IIUQI.
In I!Cimowlflod.Jii'IC t.ll~ honm y;hl~h thrcN'h tho ;irluttinl
o t th11 n-cr"" tht Un1tors1ty or llg~.rt 011- oonltn upol'l
u, I dah t1ut I)Or~onallr to t;h:ll\k your Pn"tdent, the
Vt1"1 P:e.,•rend :oh.'> F. O' !ll,n, •nd n.ll Ul• -b~rs or rou~
hc:"llty. I d .. ~;.,I.J' t!J'p .. ue11!t ll Ult 'toi\Ol' 1ond t<>t IIC..:-~11\C
e1t.at101'1. one in J!U~li<: lift l<Norn• th .. t t>41rc.or.all1' he e&n
n tYir be rortny ot th( honon •n..t C<*' to 1';1a as &Jl ottlcid
o f tht IJnitld J tl<t U But it ~~ IC)U.l~ tf'IU thlt J &II
ao~t hippy to bol so ),onJr<ld. The hono,. !)l•ou upon Re w
c.ddH1onll.l obU~o.tton to try to llve up t u the c1t•l1on - both
tor the ••ke of 11.y ecuntey r nd 0.1 a nc" o.lwano.n or the Un iversity
or Jlotre Da••· I a:. tlad t o t.-.kv \*1'~ 111 thla Stiecld convo
cation c~ll~ t.o honor t.>t'" now c-..onve11lth or tho l't\U1pplnts
J:.la.on. Co .. Qt y~;..rs •.:o th" United StrUI toot. otter th"
IOV,.I'I1CJ'It)' or th.P rhil1olP1.rP hl&noh. 'nl• •eetpt&nce or
1overt11"1t7 r.u b\lt t.n o~11&"t101'1 to rer\'" tho .,eopl o! t.M
r'h111pp11"1vf 11!\t!l thO" d:l)' th:-y al&}'lt t.h0111~ctl·,· bo ~cpen(.,!l.t
onJ te.'<o Uu.1r g,-n .,loco lli:I<KII tho m.t10ill or tha world .
ft o.r o ~nr' to •.-eleono th~ C'a-aon.,.~:~.lth. ! consld•r lt
ont ol' til h:onp1c'lt ~ven~:~ of rq otl''1e .. ~ rru 1dant or thr
UnUod St utu to h/.~r ~11(n~d ln th~ rUII'" ur th" Un1t<'d Sta~ts
th1 inltl'lllll~nt 1hi cn wlll ctv., nrot.low 1 , ,. d?ra to thor htlipl)int
pGO•)l <l,
'nl u- ~- n'>L &lv-.n " t.u t· ,,.~, th• h1 r_(.of"f '>! t.htl.or
t<)r..:/ J4•~. 'no4l •llftOI"f II¥ ·11 .;;1\ of th ~t J.I!'.,IJrclln•.,-,
.,...,1~• .r ftlotlf""l coo.,-.r ~1•, n..tl<>A-·l •dH•'-•tt ~n1
n.tlw &} IrA ,..fori 'lloa I h• • orl~ Nl• tt ' Utn •t~oJ. ~l II t
I
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trlt.ata tG thoc<.cniusot th.Jrh1Upp1n.o p<Kipl.,.
j'.Ct tG th, IOT.rm::r..nt ot 11 ecr.mtry othllr Uu.n thol r own,
th,q l'n~rO'\ltlJ' MIJut".cd th,.tllvlll to concltt.lonl of ten
not to their Hktnc: they paUODtlJt .. lhd.; tbOJ' for
r~lt~d. nona ur th&t t nod- llhleh h n.tlv"lJt tbe.lrt aa
a JIOOple, And -.tlleh tha:< tt.vo 10 d...,flntto1¥ ... xpr••~cd. vlt.h
duo reco.r<l tor t'\ulduentlll hur:wn r1Jhta in thc.lr "''" con-
"•hllvcllcl oarrtt}lt.alsotoconcr .. tulat.oourtel vc•
11 • pooplo boeauao in tha lont -run •• ha"• ehoaan tbo
r 1Cht eoursa IO'ith r-.sp<~ct to t.ho Mltllp~ln.o lsliDCI.s.
Throucll OOJr poo-cr "<~ bav~ not tcu!Jht OOJr OPn. TllrOQCtl Cll.lr
~··r•ltt.Ya~ttol>.net'itotho>ra.
1hat both n.t1.ms llapt to thl ooUey l·lldtnc to this
.ott happY r~Nlt b dua to t h · tact that both nt.tlons
havo th<:J d:;cp~st r~socct ror the tn.~~Hcrmblc rilhts or aan.
Thosu rlahtl WVh tl"I<Jcirteally ehalllllon')d. 110ro than .. cen
tury 10nd a lldt •co ln our own Dec lora tlon of Indop<:mdcncc.
f'ho1o ta~o rl1ht1 1orc chliCiplon>d. in till: naw C<ms tit'-ltion
or th~ Pllillpptno ::o=aonwc.lll th
Thoro can b- no trul) rn:.tion.ul ur, olthor rithtn
a naUon itself or b·t .. o:~ that nat1or. aad; othor n.D.ttons
v.nl<;-,. U!Qr" b.l •.hJ speetUe aeknododp.:nt or, an,i tha
aupport. or orcan1c :W• to, the rtchtl or .an. S\lpr
aaons tho•• ripts ...:., and now tht: Pn1ltpplne C~w.:alt.h,
hold to be the tlchU of traeda. or «<ueetlon end rrecd.oa:
ot· r.>UtlO<ll •orahlp.
Thle UntYerdt:; tree >lhleh -o tone!. our ,,.leo-It to
tlla notwCo.aomtonlth "x~'•Pliftu th~ pr~nelplol otwhtch
! apoak. Throu~:h ~ll<t hh'tOI"/ of thll crtat ICUdl .";.est •
lU rtnt sxplor.n and tlt>:lt •lUl<)C'IIU'lllll- JoU·t,
•~r~u"n•, De La EOll~, Ji•.M· pln • Ita lone ,..,1 , htll<·l
kdln, ftiO 11 burl 4 h'N- itll<poUoliC f~ll.._t IIQrin,
r~..e r pt Jtotr• tliloM Un1YaJ'Iit1 • Ul ~c~alo<~l •1"1-rl. •
or olhur talthl- 1u plon<X!ra or n r lad Mtl-Ut.la• - all
bl .... cantrtwud t.o Ulo: upbuildtns or ou.r caw\tl'f b.:e~~u•• all
tuo.,. IUbtcrtbed t.o t->to:~o ~o;,ntal ~trlnclplot of f'l";otd.ca -
treodca or •oducuion, frc~OII ot •orahtp.
Lon& aso, Ooorco Kuon 1n tho 'llrctnla Docllt.nt.lon of Rishts
vo1co4 .tr.at 1\111 bocOIIo ono of th·, tht<lp~•t c:onvtctlonl of tho
Am•-rlclln pcoolilt "R-.11g1on, or thll Out)' •htch we owo to 01.11'
Cr~ator, and the DDil!l<>r of dlaclvlralnl .lt, clln b~ dlrcc:tad
onlJ' b:Y roaton and eonvtctlon, not by forco or v l olcnea, and.
thorcto:-• all~U:I'I ""· equnlly cntltl\!'0 t.o L"'o frou oxorcl!e of
nl1&1on accordinc to tiu dtc~t~• of c:.ncel<:"'"- .•
tn Ula contHct of pcUctca a~ or ,ollttclll ayU . .:"':J which
t.h.: ,.orld todq' ~ltn.:"U.!:J, tho Un.lt.ld SUtql h.a~ htld forth
tor ttl own cutdanc" and tor t~;) rutdlnc: of oth•.r nations
lt t.hi'!Y dll accept it, thh ct<lf.t torch of Ub. rty 01 h\UIIIU\
thO'..LI}It, l1bercy of hur.an contclonc:o, 'l;o .,nl novcr lower tt.
llo will nwcr perfl1t, 1£ "" ccn helO) tt, the light to ~~:ro• da.
Rather throu1h every ~~~~~~n~ lccltltat·'~ wll.hln wr pow<lr a.~ wr ottlcc, •o •ill a.ock to t.ncr :..1 r.l\r.t Ulht, that ita rays
'*'II oxtond the f(l.rthor; t.M.t lU do1")' an:r bo l•lCin "von troa ara,..
!Yc!T "f"lndlclctlon or tJ",u ..,..(.ttQ' or t . .'IOI• rl&ht" &tho .CJ
O'I'<:T'/ O)ri;10T that oUI'lT !lllt101'.S DJJ¥ acc.;.pt U'l• ., 11 11.!1 itld.lCf.
Uon ?t hOOf rtrU , how U·tlnf; u..~y ar'l in tb~ hoarts or O'l''-r)'
tn.oo.u...rlcan.
Of tholr O'm 1n1tlllt1Y<>1 ty th.· ir OO'TI &Pt'r:l'Cl&tlon, Ulo
Phlllpplft• C-n· l'lth h U IIOQ' 11.110 eh..llllpi'ln'>d th·Jfl b.;fOTOth"
WOrld. 'i'hrou('h til" tavo1· or lllvln rrovldLn~~ U)' th'l)' bo
blual•.d u a p--opl vith pro~110-rHy. K.;y tl'I<JY crow ln ar11co
thtllllrh their ol"Tl Con1t1tut1un 1.0 tl• pQ.C IUIG •.-ll·b·tnc
of the abol<J -rl d .
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