FRAX 101

© 2006 Pax Diagnostics AB

FRAX-101 User's Manual

Notice of copyright & proprietary rights© 2005, Pax Diagnostics AB. All rights reserved.

The contents of this manual are the property of Pax Diagnostics AB. No part of this work may be reproduced ortransmitted in any form or by any means, except as permitted in written license agreement with Pax Diagnostics AB.Pax Diagnostics AB has made every reasonable attempt to ensure the completeness and accuracy of this document.However, the information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice, and does not represent acommitment on the part of Pax Diagnostics AB. Any attached hardware schematics and technical descriptions, orsoftware listings that disclose source code, are for informational purposes only. Reproduction in whole or in part tocreate working hardware or software for other than Pax Diagnostics AB products is strictly prohibited, except aspermitted by written license agreement with Pax Diagnostics AB.

TRADEMARK NOTICESFRAX is a trademark of Pax Diagnostics AB. All other brand and product names mentioned in this document aretrademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

Pax Diagnostics AB, Stockholmsvägen 116B plan 6, SE-187 30 TÄBY, SwedenTel: +46 8 544 767 55, Fax: +46 8 644 767 59E-mail: [email protected]. Internet: www.paxdiagnostics.com

USER'S MANUAL

forSweep Frequency Response Analyzer

FRAX-101

IContents


Table of Contents

Part I FRAX-101 1

................................................................................................................................... 11 Safety First

................................................................................................................................... 22 FRAX-101 and Accessories

................................................................................................................................... 23 FRAX-101 Technical Specifications

................................................................................................................................... 44 Instrument panels

................................................................................................................................... 55 Bluetooth communication

................................................................................................................................... 66 Sweep Frequency Response

................................................................................................................................... 67 Short circuit measurement - Test Leads Verification

................................................................................................................................... 78 Open circuit measurement

................................................................................................................................... 89 Calibration

................................................................................................................................... 810 Scrapping FRAX-101

Part II Quick Start Totorial 9

................................................................................................................................... 91 Saftey First

................................................................................................................................... 92 Preparatory Procedures

................................................................................................................................... 103 Start Up FRAX and Establish Communication

................................................................................................................................... 114 Create a New File

................................................................................................................................... 115 Test Lead Connection

................................................................................................................................... 126 Start Measurement

................................................................................................................................... 137 View Data

................................................................................................................................... 138 Export Data

Part III Installing FRAX Software 13

................................................................................................................................... 141 PC Requirements

................................................................................................................................... 142 Welcome Screen

................................................................................................................................... 143 License Agreement

................................................................................................................................... 144 Installation Location

................................................................................................................................... 155 Shortcuts Screen

................................................................................................................................... 166 Installation Progress

................................................................................................................................... 167 Installation Complete

FRAX-101 User's ManualII


Part IV Data Format and File Structure 16

................................................................................................................................... 171 FRAX Software File Structure

................................................................................................................................... 172 Data File Structure

................................................................................................................................... 183 Data format

Part V FRAX Software 20

................................................................................................................................... 211 File menu

................................................................................................................................... 302 Edit Menu

................................................................................................................................... 313 Configuration Menu

................................................................................................................................... 384 Windows Menu

................................................................................................................................... 395 Action Buttons

................................................................................................................................... 426 Legend

................................................................................................................................... 437 Views

Part VI Appendix A 47

................................................................................................................................... 471 Calibration Instruction

1FRAX-101


1 FRAX-101

Congratulations to your choice of FRAX-101 Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer by PaxDiagnostics. We at Pax Diagnostic have done our best and will continue do our best to satisfy ourcustomers. Please visit our home page at www.paxdiagnostics.com and do not hesitate to contactus directly.

Most dielectric and mechanical failures in large power transformers are preceded by mechanicalchanges in the winding structure. These displacements in the winding structure may be the resultof transportation damage, short circuit forces, or natural aging effects on the insulating structuresused to support the windings. Detection of these displacements before dielectric failure reducesmaintenance costs, and improves system reliability.

FRAX-101 Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) is designed to detect windingdisplacements in power transformers or faults in the magnetic core. The system providesattenuation signature curves that easily can be compared for deviations that are indicators of:· Core movements· Winding deformations and displacements· Faulty core grounds· Partial winding collapse· Hoop buckling· Broken or loosened clamping structures· Shorted turns and open windings

Unique features of FRAX-101:· High accuracy· Small size and low weight· Powerful analysis tools that are intuitive and easy to use· Wireless, Bluetooth, communication between laptop an instruments allows flexibility in the field· Galvanic isolated USB interface for personnel and equipment safety

More safety and technical details are given in the following sections:Safety FirstFRAX-101 and AccessoriesFRAX-101 Technical SpecificationsInstrument panels: Front, RearSweep Frequency ResponseShort circuit measurement - Test Leads VerificationOpen circuit measurementCalibrationScrapping FRAX-101

1.1 Safety First

FRAX-101 is a Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer designed to be used for measurements ofpower transformers in the field and at manufacturing sites. · Always follow local safety regulations.· Make certain that all personnel who work with FRAX-101 instrument have been trained in its use

and that all applicable safety precautions are taken.· Always connect the instrument to protective earth/ground using the separate earth/ground cable.

The earth/ground cable should be the first connection made and the last removed.

· Do not use any accessories that are not intended for use together with the FRAX-101.· Refer all servicing to qualified personnel.

2 FRAX-101 User's Manual


1.2 FRAX-101 and Accessories

FRAX-101 System with Case, Leads and SoftwareAC-19090

Standard accessoriesFRAX-101 instrument with external AC/DC adapter AC-19080Transport case GD-000105 m / 16 feet protective earth/ground cable GC-0002018 m / 60 feet test lead set GC-00010Measurement earth/ground braid set; 2 X 6 m / 18 feet GC-00030Rugged USB cable GA-10010USB Bluetooth dongle HF-00020Software SA-AC001Users Manual ZM-AC001

Optional accessoriesInternal battery pack GE-00010Calibration box GE-00020Custom made test leads Contact PaxField proven Laptop computer Contact Pax

1.3 FRAX-101 Technical Specifications

GeneralFRA Method: Sweep frequencyFrequency Range: 1 Hz - 10 MHz, user selectableNumber of Points: User selectable, maximum 32,000

3FRAX-101


Points spacing: Logarithmic, linear or combination of bothDynamic range/Noise floor: >120 dBAccuracy: ±0.5 dB down to -100 dBIF Bandwidth/integration time: User selectableSoftware: FRAX for Windows 2000/XPPC Communication: Bluetooth and USBRecommended Calibration Interval: 3 years

Analog OutputChannels: 1Frequency Range: 1 Hz - 10 MHzVoltage Output: 10 V peak-to-peak in 50 OhmsOutput Impedance: 50 OhmsProtection: Short-circuit protected

Analog InputsChannels: 2Sampling: SimultaneouslyFrequency Range: 1 Hz - 10 MHzInput Impedance: 50 OhmsSampling Rate: 100 MS/s

Physical:Instrument Weight 1.4 kg/3.1 lbsDimensions 250 x 169 x 52 / 9.84 x 6.65 x 2.05 (mm/in.)Input Voltage 90-135VAC and 170-264VAC, 47-63 Hz

EnvironmentalOperating Ambient Temperature: -20° to 50°COperating Relative Humidity: < 90% non-condensingStorage Ambient Temperature: -20° to 70°CStorage Relative Humidity: < 90% non-condensing

PC requirementsOperating system Windows 2000, Windows XP or laterProcessor Pentium 500 MHz or higherMemory 256 MB RAM or moreHard drive Minimum 30 MB freeDrive CD-ROMInterface Bluetooth and USB

Specifications are subject to change without notice.



1.4 Instrument panels

1.4.1 Front Panel

Left-hand side, top down:

· On/Off: On/Off-switch, to turn the instrument On/Off, Switch labeled I(On) and 0 (Off).

· DC Input: DC-input, to connect the AC/DC adapter or optional battery pack(center pin positive polarity)

· USB: USB-connector type B, to connect a USB cable to PC

· Antenna: Bluetooth module, enables Bluetooth communication

Right-hand side, top down:

· Generator (Yellow): Generator output connected to Reference at Red Clip

· Reference (Red): Reference input connected to Generator at Red Clip

· Measure (Black): Measure input Connected to Black Clip

· Protective Earth/Groundsymbol and Protective Earth/Ground connector

Always connect the instrument to station earth/ground using theseparate earth/ground cable. The separate earth/ground wireshall be the first connection made and the last removed.

· Caution, risk of dangersymbol

Refers to follow instructions stated in Users's Manual to ensuresafety. See Safety First.

5FRAX-101


1.4.2 Rear Panel

Left-hand side, top down:

· Informative text· Serial number

Right-hand side, top down:

· DC Input DC-input, to connect the AC/DC adapter or optional batterypack.Caution, risk of danger symbol,DC symbolPolarity Symbol..

· Calibration date

1.5 Bluetooth communication

Bluetooth is a standard for wireless serial communication. Simply speaking, Bluetooth replaces theserial cable between your laptop and the FRAX-101 instrument.

Many laptops of today has built-in Bluetooth capability. Since the Bluetooth module used in FRAX-101 has excellent receiving properties, a built-in Bluetooth device is suitable for most situations,also in the field. However, if you encounter problems, USB-modules with higher transmitting powerand/or external antennas are available. Do not hesitate to contact us or our local representative forhelp.

In the same manner as you need to connect a cable before communicating with the software, youneed to establish your Bluetooth communication before attempting connect the FRAX Software to



the FRAX-101 instrument.

The following steps shows how to add a connection between the FRAX-101 instrument and thecomputer. Please note that the procedure is managed by your operating system directly. Thus, theprocedure necessary on your computer may differ from the following steps, and it should beregarded as an example.

1. Start the Application for your PC Bluetooth module.2. Select Add Connection.3. Search for nearby Bluetooth Devices.4. Select the device called "PAX Diagnostics".5. Enter the code "0000" (four zeroes) as a pass code if needed.

You can now connect to the device from the FRAX software.

1.6 Sweep Frequency Response

The FRAX-101 "Generator" puts out a sinusoidal voltage at a selected frequency and measuresthe input voltages, amplitude and phase, on two input channels "Reference" and "Measure". Theinstrument saves "Amplitude" and "Phase" data for both "Reference" channel and "Measure"channel and also "Magnitude" and "Phase" for the ratio "Measure" divided by "Reference". TheFRAX software is only able plot the "Magnitude" and "Phase" for the ratio "Measure" divided by"Reference".

FRAX-101 uses the sine correlation technique. This means that the input voltages are multipliedby a sine and a cosine, and are then averaged over an integer multiple of the interval of time. Thesine, cosine and the voltage applied have exactly the same frequency. The sine correlationtechnique is well known and is very suitable for Sweep Frequency Response (SFRA)measurements. Since the signals on the two input channels are treated in the same way, thephase resolution between these two channels becomes very high. The rejection of DC offset andharmonics - referred to as the applied voltage - are in theory infinite. By increasing the integrationcycles, the rejection increasingly improves.

The IF Bandwidth is commonly used as a parameter defining the bandwidth around the appliedsignal analyzed. An IF bandwidth of 10% of active frequency is equivalent to 12 cycles ofintegration.

1.7 Short circuit measurement - Test Leads Verification

A standard test to check the integrity of test leads are a short circuit test. Simply connect the red"Reference" and black "Measure" alligator clips together and connect the respective earth/groundtogether. The result should be a almost a straight line around 0 dB.

In figure at the left-hand side, such a measurement are performed using the standard 60 feet / 18m Test Leads, the brass pipes are shorted using the 2 feet/0.6 m braid with alligator clips in bothends. On the right hand side the same measurement are shown using 4.5 m long grounding leadsfrom each side. It is clearly demonstrated that long measurement ground leads influence themeasurement at the highest frequencies.

7FRAX-101


The dip using long earth/ground leads is caused by the added inductance in the earth/groundleads and will influence the measurement. Therefore the recommendation is to use as short earth/ground leads as possible and let place the leads along the bushing surface.

Also, using long ground leads, if you place them different you will get different results. Twodifferent set up of same cables are shown (Black and Red) together with the almost straight fromusing a short lead (green).

1.8 Open circuit measurement

An open circuit measurement should in theory give a 0-response, i.e. a minus infinity dB-response.However, all measurement systems have internal noise and the test leads will also give someresponse, especially if the cables are long.

Below two different Open measurements are shown: on left-hand side 1/0.3 (foot/m) test leads andon right-hand side the standard standard 60/18 (feet/m) Test Leads.

With short leads the capability of FRAX-101 instrument itself is shown and it is clear that thedynamic range is >120 dB, see specifications. A dynamic range of 120 dB will limit the accuracy toapproximately ±0.5 dB at -100 dB, see specifications. Above -100 dB the accuracy usually is



higher.

An open measurement with the the standard 60 feet / 18 m Test Leads looks like themeasurement with short leads at the lowest frequencies. At higher frequencies, the influence ofcables are clearly seen, however, up to 1 MHz the open response is still less than -90dB.

1.9 Calibration

The instrument is calibrated when it leaves the factory. The recommended calibration interval isthree (3) years. The instrument can be calibrated by Pax Diagnostics or by most calibrationinstitutes following calibration instruction given in Appendix A, Calibration Instructions.

1.10 Scrapping FRAX-101

FRAX-101 and its accessories are all manufactured after August 12, 2005. Pax Diagnostics AB isresponsible taking care of scraped units and you can send it back to us for scrapping at any timeat no charge.

9Quick Start Totorial


2 Quick Start Totorial

This tutorials provide an introduction how to use FRAX-101 and FRAX software. They areintentionally kept brief so that you can actually start using the instrument and software as quicklyas possible. The objective is not to teach you every single detail but to familiarize you with thebasic principles.

The quick start tutorial is divided into the following sections:Safety FirstPreparatory ProceduresStart Up FRAX and Establish CommunicationCreate a New FileTest Lead ConnectionStart MeasurementView DataExport data

2.1 Saftey First

FRAX-101 is a Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer designed to be used for measurements ofpower transformers in the field and at manufacturing sites. · Always follow local safety regulations.· Make certain that all personnel who work with FRAX-101 instrument have been trained in its use

and that all applicable safety precautions are taken.· Always connect the instrument to protective earth/ground using the separate earth/ground cable.

The earth/ground cable should be the first connection made and the last removed.

· Do not use any accessories that are not intended for use together with the FRAX-101.· Refer all servicing to qualified personnel.

2.2 Preparatory Procedures

· Always follow local safety regulations!· The transformer must be disconnected from the net, which means that any connection to the

transformer bushing's including neutral(s) must be disconnected.· The transformer tank must be properly grounded (it usually is).· If the transformer is equipped with a Load Tap Changer (LTC), the position of the LTC will

influence the FRA measurement. The recommendation is to put the LTC in the position toinclude all tap windings in circuit ("Extreme Raise" position), and note that this LTC position isused. If making measurements at several tap positions, make sure note each tap position.

· If the transformer is equipped with a DeEnergized Tap Changer (DETC), the position of theDETC will influence the FRA measurement. The recommendation is the nominal tap positionunless otherwise specified. Make sure note the DETC position.

1. Connect the FRAX-101 instrument to station earth/ground near the power transformer to bemeasured using the separate earth/ground wire (at bottom of transformer if instrument isoperated beside the transformer, at another good connection to transformer at top oftransformer inf instrument is used on top of transformer). The separate earth/ground wire shallbe the first connection made and the last removed.

2. Connect the test lead BNC connectors to the FRAX instrument, Generator (yellow), Reference(red) and Measure (black).

3. Connect the AC/DC Adapter to the FRAX-101 and a power source that fulfils local safety



regulations AND the AC/DC Adapter specifications OR use optional in-built battery supply.4. If not using Bluetooth communication, connect the USB cable to the FRAX-101 and your

computer.5. Turn on the FRAX-101.6. Start FRAX-software on your PC and establish communication, see establish communication.

2.3 Start Up FRAX and Establish Communication

If using Bluetooth communication:· Establish Bluetooth communication, see also detailed description Bluetooth Wireless

Communication. Usually you will assigned a serial port number, e.g. 8 that should be used whenFRAX establish connection. Note that FRAX Software remember last use port so this is mostly afirst time problem.

Start up the FRAX Software and establish communication· Start up FRAX Software· "Connect" by select Connect in under menu File, by click the Connect-button on the right hand

side of window or use the F7-key. If connections set-up properly the window name will changefrom "FRAX (Disconnected)" to FRAX (Connected). If not connection works, you will get an errormessage suggest what to do, e.g. changing the suggested port number.



2.4 Create a New File

FRAX can not start any measurement without having a file to save data to. Therefore, you alwaysstart with creating a "New File". · Use the command "New File" by use of "New File" under the File menu, use of Ctrl+N or use of

the button "New File". The Command will open a "Save As.." dialog where you can save the filestructure with a name of your choice at a location of your choice. Click Save.

After you have saved the location where data to be saved using the "Save As" dialog the"Measurement type" window will appear. In "Measurement type" window, select tab of your choice:· Quick Test Make a single sweep test with Sweep label of your choice· Multiple Sweeps Make it possible use and design "Sweep groups"

containing one or more sweeps of your choice· Use Measurement as Template Make it possible us a earlier performed measurement as

template for a new measurement

Select e.g. "Multiple Sweeps" tab and you will get a choice of different sets of sweeps for differenttransformer designs. Note that you can always add new sets of sweeps with different names.Select Sweeps that you want to make and press OK.

If used "Quick Test" or "Multiple Sweeps" in the "Measurement type" dialog an almost emptynameplate will appear. The "Test date:" is as default filled in with your PC system date accordingto regional setting of your computer. Please fill in the Namplate (no field is required). Press "OK".You will now have your measurements sweeps in the legend (Test Browser)

Note that you can always add information to the "Nameplate" at a any later occasion. this featuremakes it possible to add notes during measurement. If "Measurement type" "Use Measurement asTemplate" is used the Namplate contains the Template Nameplate as default. This means that the"Test date" field contains the template Nameplate "Test date", make sure that you change the testdate.

The actual date (taken from your PC) when a sweep is performed is always saved with the actualsweep.

Fore more details see New File in chapter FRAX Software, File menu.

2.5 Test Lead Connection

· The test connection polarity is important since reversed polarity will produce different results.The user has to establish a polarity convention. In this software it is assumed, andrecommended, that e.g. H1-H0 means the "Red" clip (Source & Reference) connected to H1and the "Black" (Measure) clip connected to H0. Alternative designation is using e.g. HV PhaseA (H1-H0 for a Wye and usually but not always H1-H3 for a Delta winding).

· Make sure to follow local safety regulations! Local safety regulations most certainly prescribe allbushing connections to be earthed/grounded when work on the transformer e.g. connecting theFRAX test leads.

Connect FRAX test leads:· Connect the "Red" (Source & Reference) alligator clip to the top of a bushing and corresponding

ground to the base of bushing.· Connect the "Black" (Measure) alligator clip to the top of another bushing and corresponding

ground to the base of bushing.· Following local safety regulations, remove possible ground connections from top of bushing's.



2.6 Start Measurement

Execute a measurement by select a measurement in the Legend at the left side, the blue colorshow that H2-H1 (Open) is selected in the picture below. Start the measurement by press the Startbutton, press F9-key or select Start under the File menu.



2.7 View Data

You can view data in the FRAX Software, for more details try it out and see FRAX Software

2.8 Export Data

If you want to use data in other software you can use the data files directly, see also Data Formatand File Structure, or export the data of your choice, see Export... under FRAX Software, Filemenu.

3 Installing FRAX Software

Please select one of the sub entries:PC RequirementsWelcome ScreenLicense AgreementInstallation LocationShortcuts ScreenInstallation ProgressInstallation Complete



3.1 PC Requirements

· Pentium III or higher· Operating system: Windows 2000/XP or later versions· Internal memory: 256 MByte or more· Free Hard Drive Space:44 MByte or more

3.2 Welcome Screen

Welcome to Pax Diagnostics Installer for FRAX.To install FRAX Software press Next witch will bring you to License Agreement

3.3 License Agreement

Read the license and check the "I accept the terms in the License Agreement" checkbox. This willenable the Next button. To continue the installation press Next. This will bring you to InstallationLocation.

3.4 Installation Location

Select the location to witch the FRAX Software will be installed. Make sure you have enough spaceavailable on your hard drive. To continue the installation press Next. This will take you to the Shortcuts Screen.

15Installing FRAX Software


3.5 Shortcuts Screen

This is where you select the shortcuts to install. You are now ready to install the software. Toinstall the application press Install. This will bring you to Installation Progress.



3.6 Installation Progress

This is where the application executables are being installed. When the files has been installed youwill automatically transferred to Installation Complete.

3.7 Installation Complete

Congratulation!The installation is now complete. You can now start the FRAX Software.

4 Data Format and File Structure

Please select one of the sub entries:FRAX Software File StructureData File StructureData Format

17Data Format and File Structure


4.1 FRAX Software File Structure

When you install the FRAX software, a directory Pax Diagnostics with subdirectory FRAX is savedunder a directory of your choice, e.g. "Program Files". In the FRAX directory, the structure look asbelow in the picture below. The main application is FRAX.exe and configuration settings are storedin FRAX.ini.

In the sub-directory AppData text files containing information such as colors in the graph andnameplate list are saved.

4.2 Data File Structure

You create a Data File Structure using New File. You create a main txt-file (a file with extension.txt)with name of your choice in a directory of your choice and to that a directory with the same nameas the main file plus "_Files". In the picture below the main file "Transformer on the Beach.txt" andthe corresponding directory "Transformer on the Beach_Files" are shown.



In the "_Files"-directory all sweeps are saved. Below the files in directory "Transformer on theBeach_Files" are shown. If you change a sweep name the name of corresponding file will also bechanged. See also Data format.

4.3 Data format

The Data File Structure is described in the previous chapter.

The main file (in this example named "Transformer on the Beach.txt") contain all nameplate dataand notes. All parameter names in main file, e.g. "Company" and "Notes" are same in all languageversions, however, the parameter names shown in the FRAX nameplate form are languagedependent. The date format main file is according to International Standard ISO 8601, i.e.following the format YYYY-MM-DD, however, the date shown in FRAX follows regional settings ofyour computer.

19Data Format and File Structure


The actual measurement sweep is saved in a txt-file in the sub-directory named after the main file,e.g. directory "Transformer on the Beach_Files". This sweep file name will be the same as thesweep name and in principle looks as below. Sweep files will look the same regardless oflanguage used in FRAX Software or regional settings used.

System Information (System Information): Instrument model: (FRAX-101); Serial number: (s/n=001); Calibration date: (Calibrated=2005-0501)FRAX Software Version: (PC-SW=R01A); FRAX internal software version: (Firmware-SW=R01A)

Measurement Information (Meas Information):Sweep Name (SweepName='A1 - A2 (open)');Measurement Settings used

Start Frequency (StartFreq=20.000000)Stop Frequency (StopFreq=10000000 )Measurements per decade (MeasPerDecade=200)Min Time (MinTime=0.100000)Min Cycles (MinCycles=12.000000)Min Skip Time (MinSkipTime=0.010000)Min Skip Cycles (MinSkipCycles=1.000000)

Date and Time from your PC in YYYY-MM-DD_hh.mm.ss-format (HostPCdate=2005-11-27:23:14:22)



Data:A measurement point per row, start with frequency (Hz) and then the amplitude on Referencechannel (-db(Ref)), amplitude on Measure channel (-db(Meas)) and then Measure channelamplitude divided by Reference channel amplitude (-db(Meas/Ref)). After that follows same for thePhase. Observe that Degrees (Meas/Ref) means the phase for the divided signals which equalsDegrees(Meas)-Degrees(Ref).

5 FRAX Software

Below the FRAX Main Window is shown. In this section it is assumed that the FRAX software isinstalled and has started up properly, for issues regarding installation of FRAX Software, seesection Installing FRAX Software.

The FRAX Software Main Window is divided into three sections:· The test browser to the left (empty in screen shot below) with four arrow buttons for selecting

Measurement File or Measurement Sweep in the test browser. Also the buttons Add Seep andDelete Sweep are incuded in this section of the window.

· The data part in the middle having three tabs making it possible looking at the Nameplate,Magnutide versus frequency or Phase versus frequency

· The button section to the right. Note that all buttons in this section have allow use of keyboardcommand instead of mouse pointer, also that all buttons except Graph 1 ... Graph 4 have theirequivalence in the File or Configuration menus.

21FRAX Software


5.1 File menu



Menu Command DescriptionNew File... (Ctrl+N) Creates a new Measurement file structure to save data

inLoad File... (Ctrl+L) Loads a previous performed Measurement file structureClose File (Ctrl+I) Close a Measurement file structureExport... (Alt+E) Export active sweeps to a *.csv or *.txt fileImport... (Alt+I) Load files in other file formats.Add Sweep... (Ctrl+A) Adds an additional sweep into a Measurement file

structureDelete Sweep (Ctrl+D) Deletes a sweep (performed or empty) from a

Measurement file structureEdit nameplate... (Ctrl+E) Opens the Measurements file structure Nameplate allow

editingDifference (Alt+D) Calculates the difference between two sweeps active in

the graph and plot resultsConnect (F7) Software connect the FRAX software to the FRAX-101

instrumentDisconnect (F8) Disconnect the FRAX software from the FRAX-101

instrumentStart Measurement (F9) Start measurement of selected sweep in test browserStop Measurement (F10) Stop active measurementExit (Alt+F4) Terminates the FRAX Software

5.1.1 New File ... (Ctrl+N)

To be able to perform a measurement, the software need a location to save the data to. Thecommand "New File" will open a "Save As" dialog:

23FRAX Software


5.1.1.1 Save As

The "Save As" dialog will suggest a file name of format "YYYY-MM-DD hh.mm.ss.txt" based on thesystem time in your PC. You can change name to a name of your choice (not to an existing filename or a file name not accepted by Windows) and save the file in a directory of your choice. Thefile extension will always be ".txt". See also data format.

Click the "Save" button or hit the "Enter" key.

5.1.1.2 Measurement type

After you have saved the location where data to be saved using the "save As" dialog the"Measurement type" window will appear. In "Measurement type" window, select tab of your choice:· Quick Test Make a single sweep test with Sweep label of your choice· Multiple Sweeps Make it possible use and design "Sweep groups"

containing one or more sweeps of your choice· Use Measurement as Template Make it possible us a earlier performed measurement as

template for a new measurement



In the "Quick Test" tab, simply enter a "Sweep name" of your choice and hit "OK". Note that thedefault "Measurements Settings" used are the settings currently set in the FRAX software, seeMeasurement settings.... You can always change "Measurement settings" in the legend after thisstep but before performing the measurement sweep.

25FRAX Software


In the "Multiple Seeps" tab, you can use predefined "Sweep groups" containing one or moresweeps. You simply modify the predefinitions by use of the buttons "Add" and "Delete" of "SweepGroups" and "Sweep names" respectively. The names can be changed by mark a "Sweep group"or "Sweep name" and type in a new name. Select a "Sweep group" and select which Sweeps thatshould be included by toggle the cross in front of sweep names and then hit "OK"

Note that the default "Measurements Settings" used are the settings currently set in the FRAXsoftware, see Measurement settings.... You can always change "Measurement settings" in thelegend after this step but before performing the measurement sweep.



In the "Use Measurement as Template" tab, you use earlier performed measurement as templatefor a new measurement. Hit the "Load File" button and load the Measurement file of your choice.The "Sweep names" from the template measurement will appear in the list, and the sweeps will bemarked with a cross if measured and not marked if not measured. Mark sweeps you want toinclude and possibly add any additional sweeps of your choice. Press "OK".

Note that the default "Measurements Settings" used are NOT the settings currently set in theFRAX software, see Measurement settings..., the "Measurement settings" used are the settingsused in the template measurement. You can check and possibly change "Measurement settings"in the legend after the sweeps are generated (but before performing the measurement sweep.)

5.1.1.3 Namplate

If used "Quick Test" or "Multiple Sweeps" in the "Measurement type" dialog an almost emptynameplate will appear. The "Test date:" is as default filled in with your PC system date accordingto regional setting of your computer. Please fill in the Namplate (no field is required). Press "OK".You will now have your measurements sweeps in the legend (Test Browser)

Note that you can always add information to the "Nameplate" at a any later occasion. this featuremakes it possible to add notes during measurement. If "Measurement type" "Use Measurement asTemplate" is used the Namplate contains the Template Nameplate as default. This means that the"Test date" field contains the template Nameplate "Test date", make sure that you change the testdate.

The actual date when a sweep is performed is always saved with the actual sweep.

27FRAX Software


5.1.2 Load File... (Ctrl+L)

Loads a previous performed measurement file structure.

5.1.3 Close File (Ctrl+I)

If "Close File" is selected in the "File menu", or Ctrl+I is used, the Measurement that are marked inthe legend is closed. You can open it again by use of "Load File...".

A Measurement can also be closed by click the right hand side right corner of the legend. Seearrow in picture below.



5.1.4 Export... (Alt+E)

Exports active sweeps to a *.csv or *.txt file. Make sure that only graphs that you want to export isvisual in the Graph, activate the function by e.g. click the Export button. You will come to a "SaveAs" dialog and need to save the file.

Next dialog is the one shown below. Select suitable export details and press OK

5.1.5 Import... (Alt+I)

It is possible to load files in various file formats. Among others, XML and CSV (Comma SeparatedValues) formatted files from several vendors are supported. The software tries to automaticallydetect the file format when "All supported files" is selected in the File type list. You can alsomanually select the file format you are about to import in this list.

29FRAX Software


5.1.6 Add Sweep... (Ctrl+A)

"Add sweep" adds an additional sweep into a selected Measurement file structure. You must fill ina "Sweep name" to be able add a new Sweep (press "OK"). The default "Measurements settings"

5.1.7 Delete Sweep (Ctrl+D)

Deletes a sweep (performed or empty) from a Measurement file structure. Note, the sweep andpossible data will be permanently deleted.

5.1.8 Edit Nameplate... (Ctrl+E)

Opens the Measurements file structure Nameplate allow editing.

5.1.9 Difference (Alt+D)

The Difference function is only active when two measurement sweeps are shown in the graph, nomore and no less.

5.1.10 Connect (F7)

Software connects to the FRAX software to the FRAX-101 instrument.

For more information about connection please check out Bluetooth communication

5.1.11 Disconnect (F8)

Disconnect the FRAX software from the FRAX-101 instrument.



5.1.12 Start measurement (F9)

Start measurement of selected sweep in Legend.

5.1.13 Stop measurement (F10)

Stop active measurement.

5.1.14 Exit (Alt+F4)

Terminates the FRAX Software.

5.2 Edit Menu

Menu Command DescriptionCopy View Copy the current view to the clipboardCopy Legend Copy the legend to the clipboardCopy View + Legend (Ctrl+C) Copy the current view and the legend to the clipbord

5.2.1 Copy View

Copy the current view into the clipboard. The view can be the Nameplate (Alt+N), Magnitude (Alt+M) or Phase (Alt+P).

5.2.2 Copy Legend

Copy the Legend into the clipboard.

5.2.3 Copy View + Legend (Alt+C)

Copy the current View and the Legend into the clipboard. for more information check Copy View orCopy Legend.

31FRAX Software


5.3 Configuration Menu

Menu Command DescriptionChange Language... Change language in FRAX Software menus and more

ConnectionSettings...

Set the COM-port for communicating FRAX-101

MeasurementSettings...

(Ctrl+M)

Set default measurement settings such as start frequency,integration time and more.

Graph Settings...(Ctrl+G)

Set axes and more in the FRAX Software graph

Graph Views... Set graphs to useModels... Set models to use with graphsDefault FilenameSettings...

Change the default filename format.

5.3.1 Change Language...

You change language in menus and more in FRAX software by select one of available languages.After you have changed language, you need to restart the application.



5.3.2 Connection Settings...

The PC uses a COM-port to communicate with the FRAX-101 instrument. It will use one COM-portwhen using USB connection and a different one using Bluetooth. The FRAX software will try tofigure out which COM-port to use and also give you some hints if no FRAX-101 Instrument wasfound.

COM-ports marked with green means a FRAX-101 Instrument was found on that COM-port. Readmeans no FRAX-101 Instrument was found.

5.3.3 Measurement Settings... (Ctrl+M)

Here you set default measurement settings.

"Start Frequency" and "Stop Frequency" of the sweep are self-explanatory.

"Points / Decade" (P / D) is how many measurement points equally spaced in a logarithmic scaleper decade, e.g. 200 points between 100 Hz to 1000 Hz (201 points if 1000Hz is included).

"Min skip time" and "Min skip cycles" defines the number of cycles applied before measurementstarts. Examples: If "Min skip time" = 0.1s and "Min skip cycles" = 12 and a measurement isperformed at 100 Hz, then 0.1 s = 10 cycles and the system applies voltage 12 cycles before itstarts measuring. The same settings at 1000 Hz means that the system applies voltage for 100cycles before it starts measuring, since 0.1 s = 100 cycles at 1000 Hz.

The parameters "Min time" and Min cycles" are in the same manner as "Min skip time" and "Minskip cycles" defining the measuring time.

33FRAX Software


5.3.4 Graph Settings... (Ctrl+G)

In the Graph settings dialog you set axes and more in the FRAX Software graph. The Dialog hasone tab for the Magnitude and one tab for Phase, as well as a tab for the combination ofMagnitude and Phase. In the bottom you have a check box that allow changes to affect all graphsettings.



5.3.5 Graph Views...

In the Graph Views dialog, you can configure which graphs to be used. The default selectionsinclude Magnitude, Phase, and Magnitude / Phase, as shown below. To check or uncheck a graphto be used, click the box next to its name.

35FRAX Software


To edit or delete a custom graph, select the graph in the list and then click the Delete or Editbuttons.To add a custom graph, click the Add button, and the following dialog is shown.

Type a name and a description in the boxes, and click the Add button to add a graph type.



Enter a description and a number in the Graph Type box. The number functions as a unique id forthis particular graph. It is also possible to use some pre-defined types by clicking on the Getbutton.

5.3.6 Models...

In the Models dialog, you can select which models to use when a graph is plotted.

Selected models are shown beneath the graphs in the main window.

To create your own custom model, check Custom Model in the Models dialog as shown above andclick OK to dismiss the dialog. Then, click the button named "..." in the Custom Model frame in themain window. This will bring up a window called Model Options.

37FRAX Software


The screenshot above illustrates some of the possibilities with Custom Models.The buttons Units, Vars, Func, and Graph Types provide lists with available units, variables,mathematical functions, and graph types that can be used within formulas.Please note that a formula only affects one graph type. That is, a type must be unique for eachformula, and two or more formulas can not share the same type.To save a model, click the Save button. The model will then be listed as "User defined" in the Models dialog for later use.

5.3.7 Default Filename Settings

Specify the default filename settings witch will be used in the New File Save As dialog.



· Data time format (YYYY-MM-DD hh.mm.ss)Generate a file name of format "YYYY-MM-DD hh.mm.ss.txt" based on the system time inyour PC.

· Number format (Dxxxxxxx)Generate a file name starting with the number entered into the edit field. once a new file hasbeen created the number will be incremented.

5.4 Windows Menu

Menu Command DescriptionOutput window (Ctrl+O) Toggle show/hide the Output window

5.4.1 Output window (Ctrl+O)

Toggle show/hide the Output window. In the Output window the communication between PC andFRAX-101 instrument and data captured from the FRAX-101 instrument it is written.

To follow the data flow press the "Last row" button.

39FRAX Software


5.5 Action Buttons

Action buttons for faster access to common functions.

5.5.1 Graph Settings

Same as the menu item Graph settings... (Ctrl+G).



5.5.2 Graph View Settings

These 4 buttons controls the graph settings specified in Graph Settings dialog.

The Location bar on the buttons have different colors depending on settings.

Location bar Color code DescriptionLogarithmic frequency scale.

Linear frequency scale.

The gray area shows the viewing area of the entire graph.

5.5.3 Difference

Same as the menu item Difference (Alt+D). The button is only enabled when no more then 2sweeps are visible.

5.5.4 New File

Same as the menu item New File ... (Ctrl+N).

5.5.5 Load File

Same as the menu item Load File ... (Ctrl+L).

41FRAX Software


5.5.6 Export

Same as the menu item Export... (Alt+E).

5.5.7 Edit Nameplate

Same as the menu item Edit Nameplate... (Ctrl+E). This button is only enabled when a file isselected in the Legend.

5.5.8 Connect

Same as the menu item Connect (F7).

5.5.9 Start

The start button is a multi-functional button. You can get action suggestions by pressing the startbutton.

Button Icon DescriptionThis icon means that you are not connected to the system.

1. No file is selected in the Legend.2. No sweep is selected in the Legend.3. The selected sweep is already measured.Measurement in progress.

Ready to start measure.

You can press the button at anytime if you are unsure of what action to take. The application willthen give you a action suggestion.



5.6 Legend

The legend is where you will spend most of your time. This is where you change the Measurementsettings and control the Graph.

Fore more information about the usage of the Legend please read the chapter Usage.

This is a typical legend view.

5.6.1 Usage

Usage overviewYou can navigate through the legend by either using the arrow buttons at the bottom of thelegend. Or you can use the arrow keys Up and Down to navigate between sweeps or Page Upor Page Down to change File.

Legend Action Button DescriptionBelow is a typical measurement file. A file is just a container of sweeps.

43FRAX Software


File DescriptionThe file header contains 3 function buttons and the name of the file.

File functionbutton

Description

or Hide / Show inactive sweeps in the file.

or Enable / Disable sweeps in the file.

Close the file.

Sweep DescriptionThe sweep contains 2 function buttons and the name of the sweep. Below is a list of differentsweeps with different attributes.

Sweep functionbutton

Description

or

Enable / Disable the sweep. The red color depends on the colorsetting set for the sweep. You can change the color by rightclicking on the icon.

or Measured / Empty sweep. Clicking on this icon will let you changethe measurement settings for the sweep.

5.7 Views



5.7.1 Nameplate View (Alt+N)

45FRAX Software


5.7.2 Magnitude View (Alt+M)

5.7.2.1 Measurement Settings

This window lets you change the settings for the sweep. You can only change the settings for"empty" sweeps (no measurement data).

You can change the default measurement settings for new sweeps by pressing Ctrl+M.



5.7.3 Phase View (Alt+P)

47Appendix A


6 Appendix A

6.1 Calibration Instruction

The calibration is performed automatically by the FRAX-101 system. The system utilizes an Agilent34401A digital multimeter and a calibration adapter connected to the measuring channels. Theinitiation of the calibration procedure is made through the USB interface by issuing commandsdirectly to the FRAX-101 system with the help of a terminal emulator.

Preparing for calibrationTo perform the automatic calibration following equipment is necessary:· Agilent 34401 DMM· Pax Diagnostics calibration adapter· 1pc 3m DB-9 standard modem cable· 1pc 4mm banana plug to 50W coaxial converter· 2pcs 50W coaxial cables with bnc connectors, 0.5m length· 1pc high quality 50W coaxial cable with bnc connectors, 1.5m length· 1pc USB cable

Connecting the equipmentMake sure the power is turned off, remove any cables connected to the FRAX.Remove the four screws from the front panel (the side with the power switch) with a T9 torx driver.Carefully open the instrument until the DB-9 connector inside is just visible. The circuit board willnot slide open fully.Connect the DB-9 cable to the DMM and the other end to the FRAX DB-9 connector. Make surethe DMM is configured for serial remote control with 9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity and 1 stop bit.Connect an USB cable from a PC to the front panel USB connector. Se chapter xxx how toconnect to the system with USB.Start the hyperterminal terminal emulator or any other suitable terminal emulator software. Createa new session to the COM port associated with the FRAX instrument. The parameters are 9600bps, 8 bits, no parity and 1 stop bit.Connect the power supply connector to the front panel and turn on the power.

Performing the calibrationConnect a short coax cable from the generator output to the calibration adapter marked IN.Connect a second short coax from the adapter marked OUT to the reference input. Connect thelong coaxial cable from the adapter marked DET to the Agilent DMM with the help of the banana tocoax converter. The coax converter should be connected to the terminals marked HI and LO onthe DMM.

From the terminal emulator issue the command:

cal:clear<enter>

then:

cal:ch0<enter>

when the calibration is done move the coax from reference to the measure input and issue thecommand:



cal:ch1<enter>

when the calibration is done issue the following command:

cal:setdate 2006-01-01<enter> (replace the date with the current date)

cal:save<enter>

the calibration data is saved in non volatile memory.

Viewing the calibration dataTo view the calibration data stored in the FRAX instrument enter from the hyper terminal:

cal:read?

To view the last calibration date stored in non volatile memory enter the command:

cal:date?

Date post:	11-Sep-2014
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FRAX 101

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