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k. Bordry LIUWG – 13-12-2007 Frédérick BORDRY LHC Inner Triplet Powering Strategy LHC phase 0 - history - status LHC phase 1 - understanding - wishes
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Frédérick BORDRY
LHC Inner TripletPowering StrategyLHC Inner TripletPowering Strategy
LHC phase 0
- history
- status
LHC phase 1
- understanding
- wishes
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Inner triplet
Q1 Q2a Q3Q2b
Identical in term of powering in the 4 points
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Prototype low- quadrupole
MQXA (KEK)Aperture 70 mm205 T/mI = 6450 AIultimate = 7 kAL1= 91 mH(Stored energy: 2.3 MJ)
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Prototype MQXB being readied for cryostat insertion
MQXB (Fermilab)205 T/mI = 11390 A (Iultimate = 12290A)L2= 18.5 mH(Stored energy: 1.4 MJ)
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1 2 32
MQXA MQXAMQXB MQXB
12kA8kA
Vcv1
Vcv2
8kA
Vcv3
IF = = 11. 5 kA IK = 7 kAIK = 7 kA
MQXA (KEK)Aperture 70 mm205 T/mInom = 6450 A (Iultimate = 7 kA)L1= 91 mH(Stored energy: 2.3 MJ)
MQXB (Fermilab)Aperture 70 mm205 T/mInom = 11390 A (Iultimate = 12290A)L2= 18.5 mH(Stored energy: 1.4 MJ)
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1 2 32
12kA8kA
Vcv1Vcv2
MQXA MQXAMQXB MQXB
IF = = 11. 5 kA IK = 7 kAIK = 7 kA
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1 2 32
8kA 6kA
I2
Vcv1
Vcv2
I1
MQXA MQXAMQXB MQXB
IF = I1 + I2
= 11. 5 kAIK = I1
= 7 kA
IK = I1
= 7 kA
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I1Inner Triplet : nested power convertersInner Triplet : nested power converters
F11
F12
F21
F22
+
+
+
+
V1
V2
I2
I1
2
1.
2
1
1
1
1
11
1
1
1
2
1.
2
1
1
1.2
1
11
2
1
1
2
1
Vc
Vcv
LLL
LLi
i
LLr
L
rL
r
L
r
i
i
dt
d
L1/2 L1/2L2/2 L2/2
r1/2 r1/2r2/2 r2/2
8kA
1 2 32
6kA
KEK KEKFermilab Fermilab
IF = I1 + I2 IK = I1
I2
Vcv1
Vcv2
I1
Inductive coupling
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Current sources in parallel
1- Fast internal current source FCLB ~ 10 kHz
2- Global voltage loop FCLB ~ 1 kHz
3- High precision current loop (DCCT) FCLB ~ 0.1 - 1 Hz
2 kA , 8 V
2 kA , 8 V
2 kA , 8 V
2 kA , 8 V
6 kA, 8V
AC connectionWater distribution
Global Electronics
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Converter 1
8kA
Voltage source
Converter 2
6kA
Voltage source
DSP 1
Reg . 1
Reg . 2
Analogdecouplind card
Vconv1 = V1ref + k1v. V2ref +K1i. I2
Vconv2 = V2ref + k2v. V1ref +K2i. i1
Vconv1
DAC
Dcct 1
Vconv2
Dcct 2Digital
Ikref = I1ref
IFref
I2ref-
+
DSP 2
Digital
DAC
ADC
ADC
Vref1
Vref2
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The heaters “must” be fired when there is a FWD water faultThe heaters “must” be fired when there is a FWD water fault
LQ1-Q3 91 mH ; 1 = 220 / 0.6 380 s
LQ2 18.5 mH ; 2 = 37 / 0.8 50 s
LQ1-Q3 91 mH ; 1 = 220 / 0.6 380 s
LQ2 18.5 mH ; 2 = 37 / 0.8 50 s
8kA
1 2 32
6kA
KEK KEKFermilab Fermilab
IF = I1 + I2 IK = I1
I2
Vcv1
Vcv2
600A
Vcv3
I1
8kA/=380s 6kA/=50s
1 kA/=70s
Converter fault : All converters are stopped
ifwd3=0
=400s
1.2ks-1kA
7kA
1000A
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8kA
1 2 3
6kA
IF = I1 + I2 IK = I1
I2
Vcv1
Vcv2
±600A
Vcv3
I1
Magnet quench
im2
im1
im3
8kA/d= 0.5s
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LHC phase 0 : present LHC phase 0 : present statusstatus
As a result of the tests completed to date, the control of the nested power converters seems to fulfil all the performance requirements of the LHC inner triplet system.
Same installation in 1 ,2, 5 and 8. The inner triplet converters are standard LHC
converters but dedicated protection devices are required.
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Point 1
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Point 1
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Point 1
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Point 5
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Point 5
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Point 5
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LHC phase 1
MQXC (from PAC07 paper)Aperture 130 mm122 T/mI = 12’270 AIultimate = ?L1= 67.5 mH(Stored energy: 5.1 MJ per magnet ; 75% of LHC main dipole magnet)
1 2a 32b
MQXC MQXCMQXC MQXC
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1 2a 32b
MQXC MQXCMQXC MQXC
IQ2 = = 12. 3 kA IQ3 = 12.3 kAIQ1 = 12.3 kA
13kA
Vcv1
- Cost - Easy to control- Volumebut- No flexibility (IQ1=IQ2a=IQ2b=IQ3)- Quench protection- String test
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13kA
Vcv2b
1 2a 32b
MQXC MQXCMQXC MQXC
IQ2 = = 12. 3 kA IQ3 = 12.3 kAIQ1 = 12.3 kA
13kA
Vcv1
13kA
Vcv3
13kA
Vcv2a
- Full flexibility (easy to control )- Easy for quench protection (no heater, no extraction)- no string testbut- Cost ( f[voltage] => distance from DFB)- volume
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1 2a 32b
MQXC MQXCMQXC MQXC
13kA13kA
Vcv1
Vcv2
13kA
Vcv3
IQ2 = = 12. 3 kA IQ3 = 12.3 kAIQ1 = 12.3 kA
- Flexibility (easy to control but IQ2a = IQ2b)- Easy for quench protection for Q1 and Q3 (no heater, no extraction)
- Q2? (extraction system? Quench heaters?)
but- Cost- Volume
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1 2a 32b
13kA13kA
Vcv1Vcv2
MQXC MQXCMQXC MQXC
IF = = 12. 3 kA IQ3 = 12.3 kAIQ1 = 12.3 kA
- Easy to control - Two identical strings
- quench protection for Q1 and Q3 (heaters ? , extractions ?)
but- IQ1 = IQ3 and IQ2a = IQ2b (Possible to add trims on Q1 or Q3 ? How many % ?)
