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from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
by Ann Petry
Introducing the Selection
Literary Skills Focus: Characters in a Biography
Reading Skills Focus: Making Connections
Writing Skills Focus: Think as a Reader/Writer
Feature Menu
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
by Ann Petry
How much should a person sacrifice for freedom?
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
by Ann Petry
Click on the title to start the video.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Introducing the Selection
As the fleeing slaves traveled on foot by night, they encountered many difficulties and dangers.
In 1851, Harriet Tubman led a group of eleven slaves to freedom. During the month-long journey, she struggled to avoid capture on the trip from Maryland to Canada.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Introducing the Selection
As you read the selection, think about how the system Tubman used to lead slaves to freedom came to be called the “Underground Railroad.”
[End of Section]
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Literary Skills Focus: Characters in a Biography
A biography is the story of someone’s life written by another person.
Biographers work hard to make their subjects come to life on the page.
I want my readers to
experience what it’s like to walk in my subject’s shoes, so I use lots of details.
Humanitarian Mother Teresa cares for an orphan in Calcutta.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Literary Skills Focus: Characters in a Biography
The biography writer helps us “meet” the people in a biography. We observe
• actions and motivations,
Civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. leads a peace rally.
• interactions with others.
• values, and
President and Mrs. Kennedy greet fans at the Orange Bowl in Florida.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Literary Skills Focus: Characters in a Biography
Biographers use details to help us feel we know the people about whom they are writing.
I feel like I know what this
person’s life was really like.
born in a farmhouse in 1823
attended a one-room schoolhouse
married childhood sweetheart at 24
became an award-winning reporter
started a newspaper
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Literary Skills Focus: Characters in a Biography
You will get to know the characters in a biography even better as you compare and contrast them with
• people you know
• people you have read about in other texts
Marla is as funny as my Aunt Laura.
She seems braver than
other celebrities I’ve
read about.
[End of Section]
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Literary Skills Focus: Analyzing Historical Context
To understand people in a biography, also consider its historical context:
• the time in which the author wrote
• the ways in which people saw and thought about the world in which they lived
• the time in which the text is set
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Literary Skills Focus: Analyzing Historical Context
As you read this biography of Harriet Tubman, keep in mind that the events take place in the American South before the Civil War.
In that time and place, many African Americans were enslaved.
[End of Section]
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Reading Skills Focus: Making Connections
Making personal connections to texts help you read for deeper meaning.
As you read, you can make connections between
• the text and yourself
• another text
• the world around you
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Reading Skills Focus: Making Connections
Into Action: Use a chart like this one to make connections as you read.
[End of Section]
I can connect
Could I risk my life to help other people?
the conflict
Harriet Tubman
to myself
to other texts
to situations in the world
the resolution
article about Thomas Garrett
Find It in Your Reading
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Writing Skills Focus: Think as a Reader/Writer
Tubman and the fugitives from Maryland endure hardships along their journey to Canada.
[End of Section]
Record in a notebook the words Petry uses to describe these hardships.
Vocabulary
fugitives n.: people fleeing from danger or oppression.
incentive n.: reason to do something; motivation.
dispel v.: get rid of by driving away.
incomprehensible adj.: impossible to understand.
eloquence n.: ability to write or speak gracefully.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
Fugitives are people who are trying to escape oppression or danger.
Those who traveled the Underground Railroad were fugitives from the unjust system of slavery.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
The campers became fugitives when
a. they built a campfire.
b. they set up their tent.
c. they ran away from an angry bear.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
The campers became fugitives when
a. they built a campfire.
b. they set up their tent.
c. they ran away from an angry bear.
What hardships might fugitives face while escaping oppression?
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
To some adults, teenage activities may seem incomprehensible.
For example, they may find it impossible to understand why teens enjoy certain sports.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
“I don’t get algebra,” complained Michael’s little brother. “It’s incomprehensible!”
a. easy and straightforward.
b. too difficult to understand.
c. useful and valuable.
Michael’s brother thinks algebra is
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
a. easy and straightforward.
b. too difficult to understand.
c. useful and valuable.
How do you tackle a subject that seems incomprehensible?
“I don’t get algebra,” complained Michael’s little brother. “It’s incomprehensible!”
Michael’s brother thinks algebra is
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
An incentive encourages someone to do something.
Driven by his motivation to earn a new bike, Keith promised to do his chores all summer: The incentive was enough to convince him to put in the extra work.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
a. He wants to be a rock star.
b. He wants to play in the school band.
c. He wants to get his homework done early.
What is most likely Jamal’s incentive for practicing the clarinet every day?
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
What is most likely Jamal’s incentive for practicing the clarinet every day?
a. He wants to be a rock star.
b. He wants to play in the school band.
c. He wants to get his homework done early.
What might a student’s incentive to babysit after school be?
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
Bravely picking up the lizard, he hoped the hands-on experience would drive away his fear.
Patrick wanted to dispel his fear of reptiles.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
When Alexis heard some nasty gossip about her best friend, she decided to dispel the rumor. Alex decided to ____________.
a. pass along the rumor to someone else
b. refuse to listen to the gossip
c. explain why the rumor isn’t true
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
What’s the best way to dispel a feeling of worry?
When Alexis heard some nasty gossip about her best friend, she decided to dispel the rumor. Alex decided to ____________.
a. pass along the rumor to someone else
b. refuse to listen to the gossip
c. explain why the rumor isn’t true
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
LeShawn spoke with eloquence at graduation.
His impressive speaking ability brought the audience to its feet.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
Because Mariella is an eloquent writer and speaker, her guidance counselor suggested that she try out for
a. the track team.
b. the band.
c. the debate team.
from Harriet Tubman:Conductor on the Underground Railroad
Vocabulary
Because Mariella is an eloquent writer and speaker, her guidance counselor suggested that she try out for
a. the track team.
b. the band.
c. the debate team.
Name someone who is an eloquent speaker.
[End of Section]
The End