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SUBMITTED BY:
PRIYA SRIVASTAVA (09609056)
KANISHK MALIK (09609170)
SAKSHI PANDEY (09609188)
SUMIT K MOHTA (09609168)
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Source: internet
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Introduction
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IT enabled knowledge management suffers fromfallibility in imposing the traditional information-processing model on the strategic needs ofcontemporary organizations.
Traditionally,
KM model emphasizes convergence andcompliance to achieve pre-specified org. goals.
Optimization-based routinization of org. routinesbuilt into IT.
However, in this new era of discontinuousenvironmental change, these models have becomeinadequate.
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The proposed model of knowledge management
attempts unfreezing of meaning to ensure that
effectiveness of decision-making (doing the right
things) is not sacrificed at the altar of increased
efficiencies(doing things right).
It does so by proposing a balance between the
optimization-based predictive capacity of
information-processing systems and thedivergence of meaning ( of info.) based on human
sense-making capabilities.
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What is Knowledge?
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Knowledge is a fluid mix of framed experience,
values, contextual information, and expert insight
that provides a framework for evaluating and
incorporating new experiences and information. It
originates and is applied in the minds of knower. Inorganizations, it often becomes embedded not
only in documents or repositories but also in
organizational routines, processes, practices, and
norms. (Davenport & Prusak, 1998: 5)
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Information-Processing Paradigm
of knowledge ma
na
gement Organizational knowledge is a strategic corporate
asset that needs to be garnered, retained,updated, disseminated and applied to future org.problems.
Recent advances in IT such as Lotus Notes,Internet and World Wide Web have offered themeans to organize various scattered pockets ofinfo into organizational knowledge repositories.
E.g. of repositories Andersons KnowledgeXchange, Ernt & Youngs Center for BusinessKnowledge and Monsantos KnowledgeManagement Architectures.
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Information systems will
maintain corporate history,experience and expertise that
long-term employees now
hold. The information systems
themselves not the people
can become the stablestructure of the organization.
People will be free to come
and go, but the valve of their
experience will be
incorporated in the systems
that help them and their
successors run the business
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Knowledge Management: The
Informa
tion Processing Pa
ra
digmKnowledge management in general tries to
organize and make available important know-how,
wherever and whenever its needed. This includes
processes, procedures, patents, reference works,formulas, best practices, forecasts and fixes.
Technologically, intranets, groupware, data
warehouses, networks, bulletin boards
videoconferencing are key tools for storing and
distributing this intelligence. (Maglitta, 1996)
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KM is the strategic application of collective
company knowledge and know-how to build profits
and market share. Knowledge assets-both ideas
or concepts and know-how are created through
the computerized collection, storage, sharing, and
linking of corporate knowledge pools. Advanced
technologies make it possible to mine the
corporate mind. (Zuckerman & Buell, 1998)
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Paradoxically, it has been
suggested that a firms
capacity for knowledge
creation may even
become unduly impaired
by a heavy reliance on
IT-based knowledge
management.
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New organizational environments &
cha
nging knowledge needsOrganizational change is generally described as a
response to the increasing environmentalcomplexity and turbulence. While environmental
complexity is a function of numerosity, diversity andinterdependence of other entities in theorganizations environment, turbulence is aconsequence of the decreasing cycle-time of theindividual events [such as new product introduction,customer response, etc.]
Increasing complexity and turbulence of theexternal environment impose upon the org. greaterdemand for processing info. And making quickdecisions. (Huber, 1984)
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Institutionalization of best practices by embedding
them in information technology might facilitate
efficient handling of routine or predictable situations
during stable or changing environments.
Unfortunately, the information-processing paradigm
of knowledge management is devoid of capabilitiesthat are important for continuous learning and
unlearning processes.
In contrast, the proposed model of knowledge
management is based upon more proactiveinvolvement of human imagination and creativity to
cope up with the environmental change.
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Beyond HighBeyond High--TechHideboundTechHidebound
Knowledge Ma
na
gement SystemKnowledge Ma
na
gement System The information-processing model of knowledge
management is suitable for predictable
environment characterized by incremental and
continuous change.
Such technology based conceptualization of
knowledge management capture the preferred
solutions to the given repertoire of organizations
problems.
The information-processing view of knowledgemanagement is primarily based upon Lockean and
Liebnitzian system.
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Such systems are best suited for:a) Well structured problem situations for which
there exists a strong consensual position on thenature of problem situation (Lockean System).
b) Well structured problems for which there exists
an analytic formulation with solution (LiebnitzianSystem).
There are other kind of inquiry systems that aremore conductive to ill-structured environment.
Kantian systems, attempt to give multiple explicitviews of complementary nature and are bestsuited for moderate ill-structured problems.
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ContinuedContinued
Hegelian systems provide multiple completely
antithetical representations that are characterized
by intense conflict and are best suited for wickedly
ill-structured problem domain.
The proposed model of knowledge management
based upon Kantian and Hegelian systems is
expected to multiple interpretations of archived
best practices.
It also ensures that the best practices and theirunderpinning assumptions are subjected to
continual re-examination and modification.
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Proposed Model of KnowledgeProposed Model of Knowledge
Ma
na
gementMa
na
gement From the above discussion, the proposed model ofknowledge management takes a strategic view oforganizational and information techniques withinnovative capabilities of human elements of social
organization. The proposed model of knowledge management is
defined as:
Knowledge management caters to the critical issues oforganizational adaption, survival in the face of discontinuous
environmental change. It embodies organizational processesthat seek synergistic combination of data and information-processing capacity of information technologies and creativeand innovative capacity of human beings.
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Shift from error avoidance to error detectionShift from error avoidance to error detection
and correction.and correction.This model is based on avoidance of errors by
meticulous obedience of pre- specified plans,
goals, procedures, rules etc. This model nurtures
those who conform to the rules regardless of the
results. While errors are informational, compliance
is not. Knowledge management systems designed
to ensure compliance might ensure that the rules
and procedures are exactly followed. Variation
between pre specified rules and actual executionis minimized.
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Strategic planning as Anticipation of SurpriseStrategic planning as Anticipation of Surprise
The model focuses on the reduction of variance
between planned and actual performance. The
Decision rules embedded in knowledge repositories
assume the character of the predictive
proclamations which draw their legitimacy from
vested authority in the best practices, notnecessarily because they provide desirable solutions.
In contrast , the proposed model of knowledge
management is more conducive to a future marked
by wicked environments characterized wide range
of potential surprise". The future is moving so quickly
that you cant anticipate it . Within the proposed
model of knowledge management , organizational
planningactivities are not eliminated.
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Creative chaos through organizational Vision.Creative chaos through organizational Vision.
Within the proposed model , the organizationsvision serves a dialectical purpose: It binds the
organization members together within relatively
flexible goal and task definition. The primary
obligation of employees is not the fulfillment of
pre-specified goals and tasks laid out in detail, butdevising whatever goals and tasks are best to
realize the shared vision of the organization. In
this view, top management creates a knowledge
vision that defines the world they live in and the
general direction of knowledge they oath to create.
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TOWARDS KNOWLEDGETOWARDS KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
The present process includes
Acquisition
Creation
Renewal Archival
Dissemination
Application
current process dose not address creation of newknowledge .
However in new model creation of new knowledge iscentral to the knowledge management activities
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Creative AspectsCreative Aspects
Creative aspect accounts for some key process that
are critical for better understanding:
Tacit dimension of knowledge management
Subjective, interpretive and sense making base ofknowledge
Construction of meaning in knowledge creation
Social interactive nature of knowledge
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ConclusionConclusion
Organization's strategic need for creating new
knowledge can be met by a synergy between data
and information processing capabilities of advance
IT and innovative human member
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May I Help You WithMay I Help You With
Any Clarifications?Any Clarifications?
Thank You, FriendsThank You, Friends