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R E S E T Roadmap for European research on Smartcard
Technologies
RESET Seminar - 3 April 2003Brussels
FROM SMART CARD TO TRUSTED PERSONAL DEVICE
Working Group Outcomes
R E S E T Roadmap for European research on Smartcard
Technologies
Dr. David SimplotUniversité des Sciences et Technologies de Lille
WG1
Communication & Networking
RESET IST-2001-39046
Evaluation of Technology and Marketing Requirements
Smart cards Need of interoperability, open platform Incompatible with proprietary and exotic communication protocol
Information systems Internet everywhere, need of high speed peripheral
Telecommunications Cooperation with IT industry, use of same communication protocols
Wireless local area networks (W-LAN) Internet everywhere, need of security improvement Potential market for smart card
Conclusion: Lack of reachability/connectivity of smart cards In term of physical interface, communication protocol and
communication model
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research Orientation for improvement
Performance improvement From Kbit/s to 100 Mbits/s for data exchange speed
rate Low power consumption for enhanced portability Full-duplex for multi-protocol
Connectivity enhancement TCP/IPv6 for internet protocols Security of connection link
Support new communication models Multi-tasking OS Faster access to NVM Improved RAM capacity
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities
Operating system (see WG2) Multitasking operating system
Hardware requirements (see WG6) Embedded RF, Embedded battery, Faster NVM access, Larger
RAM
Security requirements (see WG5) Maintenance of privacy and security level
Networking Connectivity with IT Implementation of mobile nodes connected through wireless
links Improvement of W-LAN technologies for large and dense self-
organizing networks
RESET IST-2001-39046
Contribution to RESETShort / medium term
Physical link Enhanced standard link between terminal and smart card High speed protocol
Communication protocol Non-exotic / non proprietary communication protocols easy to use
Integration in networks Integration in wired and wireless Internet access specifications
Long term Migration path to smart objects Wireless objets protocols
Tentative time schedule IPv6 integration - short term (2 years from now) High speed protocol - short term (2 years from now) Multi-tasking - medium to long term (2 to 5 years from now) Wireless solution - medium to long term (2 to 5 years from now)
R E S E T Roadmap for European research on Smartcard
Technologies
Boutheïna Chetali Schlumberger
WG2
Systems & Software
RESET IST-2001-39046
Participants to the group
Ulrich Büker, ORGA Kartensysteme Gilles Barthe, INRIA,
Jaan Priisalu, Cybernetica Erik Poll, U Nijmegen
Boutheina Chetali, Schlumberger Gilles Grimaud, U Lille
Jean-Louis Lanet, Gemplus Xavier Leroy, INRIA
Jean-Jacques Vandewalle, Gemplus Michael Butler, U Southampton
Renaud Marlet, Trusted Logic
Amokrane Saibi, Oberthur Card
Didier Begay, France Telecom
RESET IST-2001-39046
Evaluation of Technology and Marketing Requirements
Operating Systems & High level languages Support new upcoming hardware features Support multi-applications (not only capacity but
concurrent executions) Need of high-level multi-purpose languages, and
portable and efficient low level languages (dedicated features)
Development tools Adapt the results from software engineering field
(restricted resources and security) Validation and certification
RESET IST-2001-39046
Evaluation of Technology and Marketing Requirements (cont’d)
Systems Integration and Card Application Management Smart card middleware (adaptability to the end
user terminal and to the network) Need to improve management (card , applications) Need to improve project management tools
(distributed development, interaction between development and validation)
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities
Operating Systems : Enhance execution environment (multi tasking/multi threading,
Real time OS, etc) High speed communication protocols, File systems management/memory management Open source OS (SC as an ordinary web server)
High Level languages : Enhance the expressiveness of the programming languages
(full java), investigate alternative languages as C#, Eiffel, etc Investigate Domain Specific and Scripting languages :
characteristics of the application domain as language concepts, constructs and notations
Issues : variety of SC hardware & SC limited resources
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities (cont’d)
Development tools : improve security and certification process Design modelling and specification languages that
are sound and expressive but remain usable in practice
Improve methods for verification and test (automatic)
Develop adequate interface with verification tools (theorem provers and Model checkers)
Develop adequate framework for validation and certification
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities (cont’d)
Systems Integration : Adapt middleware and integration tools from
software engineering to special characteristics of SCs
Improve management of SC and their content with model(s) of card management systems
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities (cont’d)
Short term: Integrated set of tools for the development of application in a global
framework Enable middleware technologies (RMI, Corba, .NET remoting) Define standard mechanisms for communication between smart cards
and terminals (PDA,mobile phone, set-top boxes, etc) Enlarge the scope of Mobile Information Devices Profiles (MIDP) to
Smart Cards Long term
Design application models to take into account SC constraints, security and the on card part of the application
Design models related to management of the SCs (entity definition, functionality, multi application features)
Design technologies : XML,UML On-card and off card framework : scalability, dynamic management of
card framework services
R E S E T Roadmap for European research on Smartcard
Technologies
François BRIONGroupement des Cartes Bancaires
WG 3Smart card accepting devices,
interfaces and biometry
RESET IST-2001-39046
Contributors to the group
CNR Pisa Stefano BISTARELLIStefano FRASSI
University of Twente Pr Pieter HARTELGemplus Olivier TREBUCQNDS Security Platforms Arieh MOLLER
Avi WACHTFOGELPhilips Klaus SICKERTSIT Fraunhofer Institut Sichere TelekooperationDirk SCHEUERMANNSun Microsystems Eduard de JONGCartes Bancaires François BRION
Bruno MICHAUDWilliam VANOBBERGHEN
Group met once in Paris, Dec 6th 2002
RESET IST-2001-39046
Secure readers
Secure readers with key pad
Biometric interfaces
Form factor
Miniaturization & cost effectiveness
Technology trends
RESET IST-2001-39046
Market requirements
Move towards multi application
RESET IST-2001-39046
Market requirements (cont'd)
Security is a transversal issue and affects every component
User friendliness is an important key of success for these projects
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research orientations
Enhancing user's trust in card and CAD is necessary to develop new smard card applications
=> TRUSTED ENVIRONMENT Transaction data integrity Secured user identification
RESET IST-2001-39046
Scenarios for Network/CAD/card connection modes
Network Smart cardCADwired link link with
contacts
Network Smart cardCADwired link contactless
link
Network Smart cardCADwireless link link with
contacts
Network Smart cardCADwireless link contactless
link
R E S E T Roadmap for European research on Smartcard
Technologies
Benoit Thévenot Schlumberger
WG4 Card embedded peripherals, sub-systems
and micro-systems
RESET IST-2001-39046
Contributors to the group
GEMPLUS Henri BOCCIA
Philippe PATRICE
Olivier TREBUCQ
ORGA Thies JANCZEK
PHILIPS Christian ZENZ
SAGEM Marc MORAZZANI
SCHLUMBERGER Benoit THEVENOT
RESET IST-2001-39046
Market Requirements
Trust Permanent control User convenience
Cost
Lifetime
RESET IST-2001-39046
Technology orientations
Trust : system on & off card
HOSTCPU
Peripherals
Internal bus
Smart card
Personal slave reader
External buswire or wireless
Peripherals
Cost : standard for architecture & peripherals
Lifetime : standard for cards durability
RESET IST-2001-39046
CPU
Guidelines for Card architecture
POWER
KNOBS
DISPLAY
MASS MEMORY
BIOMETRIC SENSORS
Interface chip
INTERNAL BUS
ANTENNA
EXT
BUS
RESET IST-2001-39046
Development priorities
1. Card architecture standards2. Thin, flexible, reliable, low cost
• Displays, batteries and keyboards• Packaging and interconnection technologies
(very thin chips, flexible interconnections)
3. Manufacturing equipments
4. Extended / improved set of peripherals
R E S E T Roadmap for European research on Smartcard
Technologies
WG5: “High-end cryptography, tamper-proof and security
technologies
Dr. Albert MÖDL Giesecke & Devrient GmbH
RESET IST-2001-39046
Technology and Market Trends
Smart Cards will continue to provide authenticity, confidentiality, security and trust
in electronic transaction systems (especially in electronic payment)
to be used as a secure identification module all kind of log-on or user identification (SIM, ...) supplemented by biometrics in dedicated applications
Encreased usage of smart cards in the PC and internet environment security threats by hackers in the internet
end-to-end security necessary secure traceability
RESET IST-2001-39046
Technology and Market Trends (cont’d)
Multi-application cards need special security: integrity and strict separation of the different
applications prevention of unauthorized access to card file
systems or confidential data
High-end cryptography big key-lengths high-speed encryption and decryption
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities
Design of secure smart card chips develop physical security protection techniques
for the smart card chips, devise tamper-resistance, tamper protection & detection mechanisms
develop means to eliminate information leakage through side channels
developed secure re-programmable smart card chips to be able to re-configure processors
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities (cont’d)
Investigation and prevention of attacks further develop existing invasive and non-
invasive attacks and develop countermeasures modelling of attacks on smart card
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities (cont’d)
Development and implementation of high-end cryptology enhance the security of smart cards in the PC and
internet environment develop on-the-fly encryption and decryption new public-key algorithms for smart cards without
crypto processor on-chip random number generator tests secure on-chip key generation enhance security and the speed of the contactless
interface
RESET IST-2001-39046
Research and Technology Development Priorities (cont’d)
Development of secure smart card software and protocols develop means for secure software updates security for cards with a built-in user interfaces
e. g. cards with keyboard, display, sensors
secure compilers (producing safe code)
develop and adjust evaluation methods accordingly
R E S E T Roadmap for European research on Smartcard
Technologies
Enrique CantoJean-Paul Thomasson
RESET WG6 Leaders
WG6 Micro-Electronics
RESET IST-2001-39046
Semiconductor Technology Trends & Market Requirements
ITRS *: defines the global technology roadmap over a 15 years period for all applications. Regularly updated by the World Semiconductor Industry Association.
Smartcard IC’s designers use rules & tools, and wafers are made on fabrication lines as per ITRS roadmap.
Smart card IC market still < 1% of total semi market
Five Laws paradigm applies now to smart cards.
Mask-set & tools cost continuously increasing pushing for higher system integration, longer lifecycle.
From Secure MCU to Secure System On Chip
*International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
RESET IST-2001-39046
Challenges & Research Orientation
Performance optimisation: Architecture: 32b CPU – Memory management Memory technology (capacity and access time) Power consumption IP re-use Cost & die size (for card embedding)
Flexibility: Time to market Platform concept + 3rd party IP blocks + re-configuration. Security (camouflage & maintenance)
Development methodology and environment
RESET IST-2001-39046
Technology R&D Priorities
Short-medium term: High-performance Non Volatile Memory High-performance Standard Communication Power consumption (MIPS/mW) Continuous tamper resistance improvement
Medium/long term: Fault resistant IP blocks design Re-configurable architectures Cost effective camouflage technologies Single memory technology (high density & fast RAM+
NVM) .
RESET IST-2001-39046
Contribution of Micro-electronics R&D to RESET
Deployment of the Smart Card technology in an “Any time - Anywhere” world (Internet).Integration of High performance Operating Systems including new Java Card.Increase the Trust & Confidence of all stakeholders of the value chain and of citizens for Smart Card technology. Easy migration path to Trusted Smart Objects.