From the Inside Out

The zones of the Earth

The Earth as we see it

But there is more than what meets

the eye…www.3dnworld.com

The Earth’s Layers

InsideCore

Mantle Crust

OutsideTroposphereStratosphereMesosphere

Thermosphere

The CoreThe Inner Core

Solid metal made of iron and some nickel

3,200-3,960 miles below the Earth’s surface

780 miles thick 9,032-10,832˙ F

The Outer Core Molten liquid of iron, nickel, &

≈ 10% of sulpher and oxygen 1,800-3,200 miles below the

Earth’s surface 1,370 miles thick 7,200 -9,032˙ F

http://dinosaurtheory.com/earth_core3.jpg

Why It’s Important

Creates the Earth’s magnetism

Creates “convection currents” from radiating heat QuickTime™ and a

decompressorare needed to see this picture.

wps.prenhall.comhttp://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/CURR/Science/sciber00/7th/earth/sciber/erlayers.htm

The MantleLower/Inner

Solid rock made from sulphides & oxides of silicon & magnesium

Plastic like 190-1,800 miles below the Earth’s

surface Approx. 1,610 miles thick Average temp. 5400˙ F

Upper/Outer Tough liquid rock of silicates of

iron & magnesium More brittle and thin then the lower

mantle 7- 190 miles below the surface Top temp. ≈ 2520˚ F

Bottom temp. ≈ 5400˚ F

http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/inside.html

http://mediatheek.thinkquest.nl/~ll125/en/mantle.htm

The CrustOceanic Crust

Found below the ocean 4-7 miles thick Made mainly out of basalt

(formed out of lava that cools quickly)

Rocks are very young, about 200 million years old

Continental Crust Found underneath the continents Average 20-25 miles thick, with

the deepest being 45 miles Consist mainly of igneous rocks Rocks here are about 3.8 billion

years old http://www.gsi.ie/NR/rdonlyres/A3B07F5E-D9BB-4026-908D-DEB9B0217EA6/0/earth_cut.jpg

Troposphere

Begins at the Earth and is 4-12 miles high. (11-12 miles at the equator, 4 miles at the poles)

Made up of the perfect mixture of oxygen and nitrogen which is able to support life.

90% of the atmosphere is found here

This is where our weather is created as well as where planes fly

Latin for turning or change

http://www.kidsgeo.com/geography-for-kids/0040-introduction-to-our-atmosphere.php

Stratosphere

11-31 miles above the earth’s surface

Where the ozone layer is found– Absorbs 97-99% of the

sun’s ultraviolet light

– Colorless gas that smells like burning electrical wire

http://www.aero.org/publications/crosslink/summer2000/01.html

Mesosphere

Found 53 miles above the Earth’s surface

Atmosphere is thin which doesn’t allow for much ultraviolet absorption which in turns causes the temp. to drop from 5˚F to -184˚F

Gases thick enough to slow down & burn up meteorites

http://www.t-utorials.com/data/Image/tutorials/Falling_Star/star14.jpg

Thermosphere From the mesosphere up to

430 miles above the earth surface

Gases are increasingly thin that only high energy ultraviolet & x-ray radiation is absorbed which, causes the temp. to increase with height

Can reach 3,600˚ F Due to lack of atmosphere to

our skin the temp. would feel very cold

http://www.britannica.com/eb/art-99826/The-layers-of-Earths-atmosphere

Exosphere

310-621 miles above Earth’s atmosphere

Last layer before space Atmospheric gases, atoms,

molecules escape into space

Where satellites are found where is the atmosphere

http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/images/atmosphere_mural_jpg_image.html