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Front MatterSource: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, Vol. 20, No. 1 (1917)Published by: Department of Botany, Smithsonian InstitutionStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23492206 .
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SYSTEMATIC STUDIES OF
AMERICAN PLANTS
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ADVERTISEMENT
The United States National Herbarium, which was founded by the Smithsonian Institution, was transferred in the year 1868 to the
Department of Agriculture, and continued to be maintained by that
department until July 1, 1896, when it was returned to the official
custody of the Smithsonian Institution. The Department of Agri culture, however, continued to publish the series of botanical reports entitled " Contributions from the United States National Herbarium," which it had begun in the year 1890, until, on July 1, 1902, the National Museum, in pursuance of an act of Congress, assumed
responsibility for the publication. The first seven volumes of the series were issued by the Department of Agriculture.
Alexander Wetmore, Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
n
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
united states national museum
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE
United States National Herbarium
Volume 20
SYSTEMATIC STUDIES OF
AMERICAN PLANTS
BLAKE, EVANS, PAYSON, PENNELL, PIPER,
PITTIER, STANDLEY, VAN ESELTINE
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1917-1925
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NOTE
Volume 20 of the Contributions consists of 14 parts, which were issued as follows:
Part 1, pages 1 to 36, May 31, 1917. Part 2, pages 37 to 94, August 3, 1917. Part 3, pages 95 to 132, June 18, 1918. Part 4, pages 133 to 158, October 14, 1918. Part 5, pages 159 to 172, October 1, 1918. Part 6, pages 173 to 220, August 29, 1919. Part 7, pages 221 to 246, September 9, 1919. Part 8, pages 247 to 312, April 29, 1920. Part 9, pages 313 to 382, April 29, 1920. Part 10, pages 383 to 436, June 20, 1921. Part 11, pages 437 to 452, January 26, 1922. Part 12, pages 453 to 490, January 9, 1922. Part 13, pages 491 to 554, July 19, 1924. Part 14, pages 555 to 588, April 27, 1925.
IV
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CONTENTS
Page The Mexican and Central American Species op Ficus By Paul C.
Standley 1
Introduction 1
Systematic treatment 3
Key to the species 3
Descriptions of species _ 7
Doubtful and excluded species 33
Cultivated species ' 34
The Middle American Species op Lonchocarpus. By Henry Pittier 37
Introduction 37
Scope and means of the investigation 37
History and limitation of the genus 37
Origin and type 37
Fundamental characters 38
The American species of Derris 40
Genera established within Lonchocarpus 41
Grouping of the species 42
Bentham's classification and Taubert's rearrangement 42
New classification of the Middle American species 44
Distribution of the species 45
Dispersion outside of Middle America 45
Distribution in Middle America 46
Habit and ecology of the Middle American species 49
Uses and common names 50
Descriptions 50
Genus, with key to species 50
Middle American species 54
Excluded or doubtful species 85
Transferred species 86
South American and West Indian species 86
New or Noteworthy Plants prom Colombia and Central America—7.
By Henry Pittier 95
Introduction 95
Moraceae - 95
Three new species of Helicostylis 95
The genera Piratinera and Brosimum 96
Comparison of characters 97
Piratinera a distinct genus 97
The Artocarpoideae-Brosimeae of tropical America 99
Characters of the group and key to the genera 99
Characters of Piratinera and list of species 99
A new species of Piratinera 100
Characters of Brosimum and list of species 100
Redescription of Brosimum utile 102
Doubtful and discarded species of Brosimum 103
Uses and vernacular names of species of the group 104
Magnoliaceae 105
A new species of Talauma from Panama 105
IX
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X CONTENTS
New or Noteworthy Plants prom Colombia and Central America—7.
By Henry Pittier—Continued. Page Grossulariaceae 1 106
A new species of Ribes from the Venezuelan Andes 106
Rosaceae 106
Old and new species of Osteomeles 106
Caesalpiniaceae 111
A new Colombian species of Brownea 111
A new species of Bauhinia from Panama 112
Fabaceae 112
A new species of Ateleia from Colombia 112
A Venezuelan species of Apoplanesia 113
Old and new species of Machaerium 114
An old and a new species of Drepanocarpus 121
Two new species of Pterocarpus from Colombia 123
An old and a new species of Platymiscium 124
A new Venezuelan species of Clitoria 126
Euphorbiaceae 127
Old and new species of Sapium 127
Sapindaceae 129
A new species of Talisia from Panama 129
Lecythidaceae 130
A new species of monkey-pot from Colombia 130
Theophrastaceae 131
New species of Jacquinia and Clavija 131
The North American Species of Aquilegia. By Edwin Blake Payson. 133
Introduction 133
Characters of genus and sections 135
Descriptions of species with key 137
The Allies of Selaginella rupestris in the Southeastern United
States. By G. P. Van Eseltine 159
Introduction 159
Morphological notes 160
Descriptions of species 161
Studies of Tropical American Phanerogams—3. By Paul C.
Standley 173
Introduction 173
The Mexican species of Ateleia 173
The Mexican and Central American species of Erythrina 175
Four new species of Capparidaceae from Mexico and Central America. 182
New Mimosaceae from Mexico..... 184
Two new species of Calophyllum from Mexico 192
Three new species of Ebenaceae from tropical America 193
The Panamanian species of Leiphaimos 194
A note concerning the genus Randia, with descriptions of new species. 200
Nine new species of Hoffmannia from Mexico and Central America.. 203
New Rubiaceae of various genera from North America 207
Descriptions of new species of several families, with miscellaneous
notes 210
The Genus Homalium in America. By S. F. Blake 221
Introduction 221
Systematic treatment 223
Key to species 223
Descriptions of species 224
Doubtful species 235
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CONTENTS XI
Page New South American Spermatophytes collected by H. M. Curran.
By S. F. Blake 237
The North American Species op Asterella. By Alexander W. Evans. 247
Introduction 247
Morphological notes on the genus 250
Systematic treatment 259
Doubtful species 309
SCROPHULARIACEAE OP THE CENTRAL RoCEY mountain STATES. By Francis W. Pennell 313
Introduction 313
Systematic treatment 322
Revision of the Genus Acanthospermum. By S. F. Blake 383
Introduction 383
Systematic treatment 384
Revision of the Genus Flourensia. By S. F. Blake 393
Introduction 393
Systematic treatment 394
Revision op the Genus Oyedaea. By S. F. Blake 411
Introduction 411
Systematic treatment 412
Revision op the Genus Tithonia. By S. F. Blake 423
Introduction 423
Systematic treatment 424
The Identification op Berberís aquipolium and Berberís repens.
By Charles V. Piper 437
New or Noteworthy Plants from Colombia and Central America—-8.
By Henry Pittier 453
Introduction 453
Myristicaceae , 453
Mimosaceae 455
The spicate-flowered species of Pithecollobium of the Unguis-cati section 455
Introduction 455
Key to species 456
Description of species 457
Five undescribed species of Pithecollobium of the sections
Samanea and Caulanthon 464
Caesalpiniaceae 466
A newly rediscovered species of Brownea 466
Fabaceae 467
The Middle American species of Machaerium 467
Key to species 467
Description of species 469
Burseraceae 478
Two Panamanian species of Protium 478
Rutaceae 479
Three new species of Zanthoxylum from Panama 479
Theaceae 480
A new species of Eurya from Panama 480
Sapotaceae 480
The Central American species of Lucuma 480
A new species of Sideroxylon 483
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XII CONTENTS
New or Noteworthy Plants from Colombia and Central America—8.
By Henry Pittier—Continued. Page Verbenaceae , 483
The Middle American and Mexican species of Vitex 483
Key to species 483
Description of species 484
Cucurbitaceae 487
The species of Calycophysum 487
Revision of the American Species of Rinorea. By S. F. Blake 491
Introduction 491
Systematic treatment 494
New Plants from Venezuela. By S. F. Blake 519
Hemibaccharis, a New Genus of Baccharidinae. By S. F. Blake 543
Introduction 543
Systematic treatment 544
The American Species of Canavalia and Wenderothia. By C. V.
Piper 555
Introduction 555
History of the generic names proposed,! 555
Distribution 556
Economic uses 556
Pollination 557
Specific characters 558
Systematic treatment 558
Canavalia 558
Wenderothia 576
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ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATES Facing page
Plate 1. Fruits of (A) Lonchocarpus rugosus Benth., (B) L. velutinus
Benth., (C) L. affinis Pittier, and (D) L. sanctae-marthae
Pittier .. 54
2. Fruits of (A) Lonchocarpus peninsularis (Donn. Smith) Pittier,
(B) L. nicoyensis (Donn. Smith) Pittier, (C) L. costaricensis
(Donn. Smith) Pittier, and (D) L. eriocarinalis Micheli 57
3. Fruits of (A) Lonchocarpus chiricanus Pittier and (B) L. pro teranthus Pittier 63
4. Fruits of (A) Lonchocarpus caudatus Pittier, (B) L. luteomacu
latus Pittier, and (C) L. cochle'atus Pittier 65
5. Fruits of (A) Lonchocarpus orotinus Pittier, (B) L. atropurpu reus Benth., and (C) L. lanceolatus Benth 73
6. Fruits of (A) Lonchocarpus constrictus Pittier and (B) L. sericeus
(Poir.) H. B. K 78 7. Piratinera panamensis Pittier 100
8. Phylogenetic chart of North American Aquilegia 136
9. Aquilegia formosa caelifax Payson 158
10. Aquilegia wawawensis Payson 158
11. Aquilegia tracyi Jepson 158
12. Aquilegia elegantula Greene L 158
13. Aquilegia pallens Payson 158
14. Aquilegia longissima A. Gray 158
15. Selaginella riddellii Van Eseltine 172
16. Selaginella arenicola Underw 172
17. Selaginella arenicola Underw 172
18. Selaginella humifusa Van Eseltine 172 19. Selaginella funiformis Van Eseltine 172
20. Selaginella acanthonota Underw 172
21. Selaginella tortipila A. Br 172
22. Selaginella sherwoodii Underw 172
23. Fruits and floral details of Acanthospermum- 392
24. Berberís aquifoliitm Pursh 452
25. Berberís aquifolium Pursh 452
26. Berberís aquifolium Pursh 452
27. Calycophysum brevipes Pittier 490
28. Calycophysum brevipes Pittier 490
29. Calycophysum brevipes Pittier 490
30. Calycophysum brevipes Pittier 490
31. Rinorea dichotoma Rusby 518
32. Rinorea riana (DC.) Kuntze 518
33. Rinorea hymenosepala Blake 518
34. Rinorea brachythrix Blake 518
35. Rinorea melanodonta Blake 518
36. Rinorea ovalifolia (Britton) Blake 518
37. Rinorea pilosula Blake 518
XIII
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XIV ILLUSTRATIONS
Facing page
Plate 38. Erpodium latifolium R. S. Williams 542
39. Draba chionophila Blake. 542
40. Bauhinia caudigera Blake : 542
41. Forsteronia elachista Blake 542
42. Evea lucentifolia Blake 542
43. Podocoma bartsiaefolia Blake 542
44. Riencourtia ovata Blake 542
45. Otopappus australis Blake 542
46. Oyedaea jahnii Blake 542
47. Verbesina laevifolia Blake 542
48. Hernibaccharis pringlei (Greenm.) Blake 554
49. Hernibaccharis simplex Blake 554
50. Hernibaccharis salmeoides Blake 554
51. Hernibaccharis torquis Blake 554
TEXT FIGURES Page
Figure 1. Floral details of Lonchocarpus rugosus 54
2. Floral details of Lonchocarpus velutinus 55
3. Floral details of Lonchocarpus affinis 56
4. Floral details of Lonchocarpus peninsularis 57
5. Floral details of Lonchocarpus nicoyensis — 58
ô. Floral details of Lonchocarpus costaricensis 59
7. Floral details of Lonchocarpus eriocarinalis 60
8. Floral details of Lonchocarpus longipedicellatus 61
9. Floral details of Lonchocarpus michelianus 62
10. Floral details of Lonchocarpus longistylus 62
11. Floral details of Lonchocarpus proteranthus 64
12. Floral details of Lonchocarpus luteomaculatus 65
13. Floral details of Lonchocarpus purpureas 65
14. Floral details of Lonchocarpus oaxacensis 66
15. Floral details of Lonchocarpus lineatus ... 67
16. Floral details of Lonchocarpus unifoliolatus *67
17. Floral details of Lonchocarpus latifolius 69
18. Floral details of Lonchocarpus darienensis 70
19. Floral details of Lonchocarpus megalanthus 70
20. Floral details of Lonchocarpus mexicanas 71
21. Floral details of Lonchocarpus minimiflorus 72
22. Floral details of Lonchocarpus atropurpureus 72
23. Floral details of Lonchocarpus lanceolatus 73
24. Floral details of Lonchocarpus yucatanensis 74
25. Floral details of Lonchocarpus orotinus 75
26. Floral details of Lonchocarpus hondurensis — 76
27. Floral details of Lonchocarpus lucidus 77
28. Floral details of Lonchocarpus constrictus 78
29. Floral details of Lonchocarpus guatemalensis 79
30. Floral details of Lonchocarpus emarginatus 80
31. Floral details of Lonchocarpus salvadorensis 81
32. Floral details of Lonchocarpus palmeri 82
33. Floral details of Lonchocarpus sericeus 83
34. Floral details of Lonchocarpus robustus 84
35. Floral details of Lonchocarpus santarosanus 84
36. Floral details of Lonchocarpus eriophyllus 85
37. Floral details of Lonchocarpus benthamianus 87
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ILLUSTRATIONS XV
Page
Figure 38. Floral details of Lonchocarpus punctatus 88
39. Floral details of Lonchocarpus densiftorus moritzianus 89
40. Floral details of Lonchocarpus fendleri 90
41. Floral details of Lonchocarpus margaritensis 91
42. Floral details of Lonchocarpus sanctae-marthae 92
43. Floral details of Lonchocarpus boliviensisj 93
44. Leaf of Osteomeles cuneata 106
45. Leaf of Osteomeles incerta 107
46. Leaf of Osteomeles intermedia 108
47. Leaf of Osteomeles obovata 108
48. Leaf of Osteomeles pachyphylla 109
49. Leaf of Osteomeles pernettyoides 110
50. Leaf of Osteomeles resinoso-punctata 110
51. Floral details of Ateleia herbert-smithii 113
52. Calyx of Apoplanesia cryptopetala 114
53. Floral details of Machaerium glabratum 116
54. Floral details of Machaerium humboldtianum 117
55. Floral details of Machaerium intermedium 118
56. Floral details of Machaerium milleflorum 119
57. Floral details of Machaerium moritzianum 120
58. Floral details of Drepanocarpus inundatus 121
59. Floral details of Drepanocarpus venezuelensis 122
60. Petals of Pterocarpus floribundus 123
61. Petals of Pterocarpus heterophyllus 124
62. Petals of Clitoria dendrina 126
63. Details of Selaginella riddellii 162
64. Details of Selaginella arenicola 164
65. Details of Selaginella humifusa 165
66. Details of Selaginella funiformis 167
67. Details of Selaginella acanthonota 168
68. Details of Selaginella tortipila 170
69. Details of Selaginella sherwoodii I 171
70. Details of Selaginella rupestris 172
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