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Copy Righted Material

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Session #

01

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01FABRIC STRUCTURE

Yarns must be united in

some way if they are to

form a cohesive structure.

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01FABRIC STRUCTURE The transformation of individual yarns into

textile fabrics can be accomplished by and

individual with a pair of knitting needles, a crochet

hook, or a hand loom or through the use of

powerful machines that combine yarns by weaving,

knitting or stitch bonding to produce fabrics.

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01

vasantkothari@gmail.com 62009

Types of Fabric

Types of Fabric

Woven

Woven Knitted

Knitted

Warp Knitted

Warp Knitted

Weft Knitted

Weft Knitted

Nonwoven

Nonwoven

Adhesive

Adhesive

Needle

Punching

Needle

Punching

StitchBonding

StitchBonding

ThermalBonding

ThermalBonding

Others

Others

Braid

Braid

Lace

Lace

Net

Net

Felt

Felt

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01WOVEN FABRIC

A woven fabric is composed of two basis

series of yarn called warp and weft.

Weaving is the

interlacement of these

yarns to form a fabric.

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01WOVEN FABRICWarp : The threads in the fabric that run

lengthwise are called wrap. A single thread of

warp is called end.

Weft : The threads in the fabric that run

widthwise are called weft. A single thread of wft

is called pick.

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01WOVEN FABRIC Usually woven fabrics are made in long

lengths say 30 to 200 mts. or more and width

from 36" to 100" (or even more in case of wider

width fabrics).

Some fabrics are produced in narrow widths

for special uses. e.g. ribbons, tapes etc.

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01WOVEN FABRIC

Woven fabrics will have a body containing the

intended design and selvedges on both the sides.

Selvedges are the narrow woven edge portion

of the fabrics with close and strong construction

than the body to prevent unraveling.

Woven fabrics will have two sides face & back.

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01KNITTED FABRICS Fabrics which are

constructed by

interlocking a series of

loops of one or more

yarns by hand or by

machine are called

knitted fabrics.vasantkothari@gmail.com 112009

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01KNITTED FABRICS

Knitted fabrics are manufactured on circular

or warp knitting machines.

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01KNITTED FABRICS Circular knitting machine are usually used for

making wearing apparels like socks, banian etc.

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01NON-WOVEN FABRICS

These are fabrics which are produced without

the process of weaving.

It is produced by mixing fibres and making

two the form of a thick layer of web of width

corresponding to desired width of the fabric.

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01NON-WOVEN FABRICS

Then the web of fibres is compressed with

fibre to fibre bonding obtained with the aid of

added adhesive applied as a liquid or power.

Nonwoven fabrics are made by pressing,

bonding, or interlocking fibers together directly

without using yarns.

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01NON-WOVEN FABRICS

Thus non-woven fabrics are produced by

bonding web of fibres together by adhesive. e.g.

Polishing cloths, bedsheets, doormats, fusing

cloths etc.,

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01BRAIDED FABRICS

Braiding is the process of interlacing three or

more yarns lengthwise and diagonally.

It is a type of fabric production in which yarns

from a single source are crossed diagonally and

lengthwise to form a fabric.

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01BRAIDED FABRICS

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01BRAIDED FABRICS

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Circular Braid Flat Braid

Braid With Inlays (Triaxil Braid)

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01BRAIDED FABRICS

They are made by hand or machine. Braid is

usually a narrow fabric in the form of tape (e.g.

1/8 inches to 2 inches) or tubular made on a

machine called braider.

Braid fabrics are used in Shoe lace,

suspenders etc.,

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01LACE

Another method of fabric making is lace

making.

The basic principle of lace making is that the

weft threads are made to twist round warp

threads and diagonally across the fabric.

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01LACE

In lace making warp threads run crosswise

and weft yarn run lengthwise.

Warp and weft are twisted together to form a

fabric. e.g. Laces.

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01NETTING

A fabric of thread, cord or wire, the

intersections of which are knotted to form a

mesh.

This is done by hand or machine.

Net is a twisted fabric. e.g. Fish nets etc.

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01FELT

Felt results when heat, moisture, agitation,

and pressure are applied to wool fibers.

Felt is a type of fabric in which there is no

interlacing.

It is made with loose fibres.

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01FELT

When a layer of wool or

fur is rubbed while wet or

in the presence of steam

then the fibres become

entangled and interlocked

as a result of felting.

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01FELT This closing up of the fibres which is a natural

cohesive property of

some fibres leads to the

formation of a compact

fabric e.g. Domestic wise

cloth, hats etc

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