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FSD3077

Cross-national Survey on the Future of theWelfare State 2015

Codebook

FINNISH SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVE

The bibliographic citation for this codebook:

Cross-national Survey on the Future of the Welfare State 2015 [codebook]. Finnish Social Sci-ence Data Archive [producer and distributor], 2018.

This codebook has been generated from the version 1.0 (26.11.2015) of the data.

Finnish Social Science Data ArchiveFIN-33014 University of Tampere

FSD User Services:[email protected]+358 40 190 1442

Aila Data Service Portal:https://services.fsd.uta.fi/

Finnish Social Science Data Archivehttp://www.fsd.uta.fi/en/

$ Koodikirjoitin.py v36 @ 2018-07-20 13:39:40.423000 $

To the reader

This codebook is part of the data FSD3077 archived at the FSD (Finnish Social Science DataArchive).The dataset has been described in as much detail as possible in Finnish and English.Variable frequencies, variable and value labels, and missing values have been checked. If neces-sary, the data have been anonymised. The data and its creators shall be cited in all publicationsand presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in theform suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication. The bibliographiccitation suggested by the archive:

Vision Europe Summit 2015, c/o Bertelsmann Stiftung: Cross-national Survey onthe Future of the Welfare State 2015 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2015-11-26). FinnishSocial Science Data Archive [distributor]. http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3077

The user shall notify the archive of all publications where she or he has used the data. Theoriginal data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretationsarising from the reuse of the data.

The codebook contains information on data content, structure and data collection, and includesa list of publications wholly or in part based on the data, according to publication informa-tion received by the FSD. The second part of the codebook contains information on variables:question texts, response options, and frequencies. The third part contains indexes.

Variable distributions presented in this codebook have been generated from the SPSS files. Dis-tribution tables present variable values, frequencies (n), frequency percentages (%), and validpercentages (v. %) which take into account missing data. All distributions are unweighted. If thedata contain weight variables, these will be found at the end of the variables list. In some casesfrequency distributions have been substituted by descriptive statistics. Categorised responsesto open-ended questions are not always included in the codebook. Distributions may containmissing data. The note "System missing (SYSMIS)" refers to missing observations (e.g. a re-spondent has not answered all questions) whereas "Missing (User missing)" refers to data theuser has defined as missing. For example, the user may decide to code answer alternatives ’don’twant to say’ or ’can’t say’ as missing data.

The codebook may contain attached files, the most common one being the questionnaire.

Contents

1 Study description 1

1.1 Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.2 Subject description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.3 Structure and collection of the data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.4 Use of data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Variables 5

3 Indexes 23

3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.2 Variables in alphabetical order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

A Questionnaire: Finland 27

B Questionnaire: Belgium 33

C Questionnaire: France 39

D Questionnaire: Germany 45

E Questionnaire: Italy 51

F Questionnaire: Poland 57

G Questionnaire: Portugal 63

H Questionnaire: United Kingdom 69

i

Chapter 1

Study description

1.1 Titles

Titles and data version: Cross-national Survey on the Future of the Welfare State 2015

Titles and data version in Finnish: Hyvinvointivaltion tulevaisuus Euroopassa 2015

This codebook has been generated from the version 1.0 (26.11.2015) of the data.

1.2 Subject description

Authoring entity

Vision Europe Summit 2015, c/o Bertelsmann Stiftung

Barié, Katharina (Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gütersloh)Huxoll, Johannes (TNS Emnid, Bielefeld)Hellström, Eeva (Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra)Nissinen, Heli (Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra)

Copyright statement for the data

According to the agreement between FSD and the depositor.

Depositor

Thode, Eric (Bertelsmann Stiftung. International Forums and Trends)

Schwenk, Uwe (Bertelsmann Stiftung. Program Improving Healtcare - Informing Patients)

Date of deposit

24.11.2015

1

1. Study description

Keywords

European Union; social and welfare policy; social welfare; taxation; welfare economics

Topic Classification

Fields of Science Classification: social sciences

CESSDA Classification: social welfare systems/structures; specific social services: use andavailability

Series description

The data belong to the series:

Individual datasets

Individual datasets that do not belong to any series.

Abstract

The cross-national survey studied public confidence in the future of the welfare state, individualreadiness to contribute, the aims of the welfare state, and the role the EU should play withregard to national welfare systems. The survey was fielded in eight European states: Finland,Belgium, France, Italy, Poland, Portugal and the UK. It was commissioned by the Vision EuropeSummit, a consortium of European foundations and think tanks, including Bertelsmann Stiftung(Gütersloh), Bruegel (Brussels), Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (Lisbon), Chatham House(London), Compagnia di San Paolo (Turin), Jacques Delors Institute (Paris) and the FinnishInnovation Fund Sitra (Helsinki).

First, the respondents were asked whether they thought that in the year 2050, the welfare systemin their country would cover the needs of citizens in health care, pensions, support for the unem-ployed, child care, care for the elderly, and education and training. They were asked whether inthe case that taxes and social security contributions were not sufficient to maintain the currentlevel of public welfare, they would prefer to increase taxes and contributions to maintain thelevel, or to keep the taxes and contributions at the current level and reduce the level of pub-lic welfare. Opinions were charted on the importance of different fields of the welfare system,for example, guaranteeing health care for all citizens or guaranteeing income and appropriateliving standards. One theme pertained to how welfare services and benefits were governed. Fi-nally, views were probed on what kind of role the EU should play, for instance, should the EUset minimum standards for social protections in all EU member states.

Background variables included the respondent’s gender, age, self-placement on the left-rightscale, and net monthly income of the household.

2

1.3. Structure and collection of the data

1.3 Structure and collection of the data

Country: Finland, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, United Kingdom

Geographic coverage: Finland, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Polan, Portugal, United King-dom

Analysis or observation unit type: Individual

Universe: People aged 18 and over living in Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Poland,Portugal and United Kingdom

Collection date: 13.7.2015 – 21.8.2015

Data collector(s): TNS Emnid, Bielefeld

Mode of data collection: Telephone interview: Computer-assisted (CATI)

Type of research instrument: Structured questionnaire

Time period covered: 2015

Time method of the data collection: Cross-section

Number of variables and cases: The data contain 36 variables and 8007 cases.

Sampling procedure: Probability: Simple random

The samples were drawn from among inhabitants aged 18 or over who had either a fixed linephone number or a mobile phone number.

1.4 Use of data

Related publications

Heikkinen, Joonas (2016). Pessimismi eurooppalaisen integraation esteenä? Kvantitatiivinentutkimus eurooppalaisten tulonjakoasenteista. Helsinki. Helsingin yliopisto. Politiikan ja taloudentutkimuksen laitos. Yleinen valtio-oppi. Hallinnon ja organisaatioiden tutkimuksen linja. Kan-didaatintutkielma.

Hellström, Eeva & Kosonen, Mikko (2015). Governing the welfare state and beyond - Solutionsfor a complex world and uncertain future. In: Vision Europe Summit Consortium (eds.): Re-designing European welfare states - Ways forward, Gütersloh. http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54c95cbee4b03749141be705/t/564c4410e4b008db72f7465d/1447838736065/Redesigning+European+welfare+states+-+ways+forward.pdf [cited 8.1.2016].

Updated list of publications in the study description at

https://services.fsd.uta.fi/catalogue/FSD3077?lang=en&study_language=en

Location of the data collection

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

3

1. Study description

Weighting

The data contain a weight variable which weights to target population distribution by age andgender.

Restrictions

The dataset is (A) openly available for all users without registration.

4

Chapter 2

Variables

[FSD_NO] FSD study number

Question

FSD study number

Descriptive statistics

statistic valuenumber of valid cases 8007minimum 3077.00maximum 3077.00mean 3077.00standard deviation 0.00

[FSD_VR] FSD edition number

Question

FSD edition number



5

2. Variables

[FSD_ID] FSD case id

Question

FSD case id



[V1_1] In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in[country] will cover the needs of citizens in the following fields: Health care

Question

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Health care

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Yes 1 3941 49.2 49.2No 2 3624 45.3 45.3Don’t know, no answer 9 442 5.5 5.5

8007 100.0 100.0

[V1_2] In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in[country] will cover the needs of citizens in the following fields: Pensions

Question

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Pensions

Frequencies

6

V1_4


8007 100.0 100.0

[V1_3] In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in[country] will cover the needs of citizens in the following fields: Support forthe unemployed

Question

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Support for the unemployed

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V1_4] In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in[country] will cover the needs of citizens in the following fields: Child care

Question

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Child care

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

7

2. Variables

[V1_5] In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in[country] will cover the needs of citizens in the following fields: Care forelderly people

Question

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Care for elderly people

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V1_6] In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in[country] will cover the needs of citizens in the following fields: Educationand training

Question

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Education and training

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V2] If taxes and social security contributions were not sufficient to main-tain the current level of public welfare benefits and services in [country],which of the following two options would you prefer:

Question

If taxes and social security contributions were not sufficient to maintain the current level ofpublic welfare benefits and services in [country], which of the following two options would youprefer:

8

V3_2

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Increase taxes and social security contributions tomaintain the current level of public welfare benefitsand services

1 3415 42.7 42.7

Maintain taxes and social sec. contributions at currentlevels and reduce current level of welfare benefits andservices

2 3440 43.0 43.0

Reduce taxes and contributions and reduce the currentlevel of public welfare benefits and services

3 214 2.7 2.7

Increase taxes and contributions and increase the cur-rent level of public welfare benefits and services

4 145 1.8 1.8

Don’t know, no answer 9 793 9.9 9.98007 100.0 100.0

[V3_1] Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], howimportant should the following aims be: Guaranteeing health care for allcitizens

Question

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing health care for all citizens

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Extremely important 1 3675 45.9 45.9Very important 2 2772 34.6 34.6Somewhat important 3 1028 12.8 12.8Somewhat unimportant 4 274 3.4 3.4Unimportant 5 156 1.9 1.9Don’t know, no answer 9 102 1.3 1.3

8007 100.0 100.0

[V3_2] Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], howimportant should the following aims be: Guaranteeing income and appro-priate living standards for all citizens throughout life

Question

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing income and appropriate living standards for all citizens throughoutlife

9

2. Variables

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V3_3] Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], howimportant should the following aims be: Guaranteeing child care

Question

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing child care

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V3_4] Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], howimportant should the following aims be: Guaranteeing care for elderly peo-ple

Question

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing care for elderly people

Frequencies

10

V4_1


8007 100.0 100.0

[V3_5] Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], howimportant should the following aims be: Enabling all citizens to acquireeducation, knowledge and skills

Question

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Enabling all citizens to acquire education, knowledge and skills

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V4_1] I know which public welfare services and benefits are available in[country] for me and my family

Question

I know which public welfare services and benefits are available in [country] for me and myfamily

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Applies completely 1 2038 25.5 25.5Somewhat applies 2 2943 36.8 36.8

(continued on next page)

11

2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. %Does rather not apply 3 1785 22.3 22.3Does not apply at all 4 964 12.0 12.0Don’t know, no answer 9 277 3.5 3.5

8007 100.0 100.0

[V4_2] I can choose the way in which public welfare benefits and services,for example child care services and health care services, are provided to meand my family

Question

I can choose the way in which public welfare benefits and services, for example child careservices and health care services, are provided to me and my family

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Applies completely 1 1441 18.0 18.0Somewhat applies 2 2901 36.2 36.2Does rather not apply 3 1871 23.4 23.4Does not apply at all 4 1238 15.5 15.5Don’t know, no answer 9 556 6.9 6.9

8007 100.0 100.0

[V4_3] The public welfare benefits and services in [country] are flexibleregarding changing needs in different life circumstances

Question

The public welfare benefits and services in [country] are flexible regarding changing needs indifferent life circumstances

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Applies completely 1 1135 14.2 14.2Somewhat applies 2 2854 35.6 35.6Does rather not apply 3 2294 28.6 28.6Does not apply at all 4 1288 16.1 16.1


12

V5_1


label value n % v. %Don’t know, no answer 9 436 5.4 5.4

8007 100.0 100.0

[V4_4] The public welfare system in [country] encourages me to activelyenhance my personal well-being

Question

The public welfare system in [country] encourages me to actively enhance my personal well-being

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Applies completely 1 1312 16.4 16.4Somewhat applies 2 2656 33.2 33.2Does rather not apply 3 2014 25.2 25.2Does not apply at all 4 1640 20.5 20.5Don’t know, no answer 9 385 4.8 4.8

8007 100.0 100.0

[V5_1] The EU shall ensure financial transfers from the rich to the poormember states

Question

The EU shall ensure financial transfers from the rich to the poor member states

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Strongly agree 1 2110 26.4 26.4Somewhat agree 2 2698 33.7 33.7Somewhat disagree 3 1724 21.5 21.5Strongly disagree 4 1185 14.8 14.8Don’t know, no answer 9 290 3.6 3.6

8007 100.0 100.0

13

2. Variables

[V5_2] The EU shall set minimum standards of social protection for all itsmember states

Question

The EU shall set minimum standards of social protection for all its member states

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V5_3] The EU shall enable and support more mobility of students andworkers between the member states than existing today

Question

The EU shall enable and support more mobility of students and workers between the memberstates than existing today

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[V5_4] The EU shall put pressure on national states including [country] toimplement reforms of the welfare system when they are necessary

Question

The EU shall put pressure on national states including [country] to implement reforms of thewelfare system when they are necessary

14

BV3_1

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[BV1] The respondent’s sex

Question

The respondent’s sex

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Male 1 3803 47.5 47.5Female 2 4204 52.5 52.5

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV2] The respondent’s age

Question

The respondent’s age



[BV3_1] Net income of the household per month, Germany

Question

Net income of the household per month, Germany

15

2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Under 500 euros 1 27 0.3 2.7500 - 999 euros 2 61 0.8 6.11,000 - 1,499 euros 3 103 1.3 10.21,500 - 1,999 euros 4 141 1.8 14.02,000 - 2,499 euros 5 139 1.7 13.82,500 - 2,999 euros 6 99 1.2 9.83,000 - 3,499 euros 7 82 1.0 8.13,500 euros or more 8 239 3.0 23.7No answer 9 116 1.4 11.5System missing (SYSMIS) . 7000 87.4 –

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV3_2] Net income of the household per month, the United Kingdom

Question

Net income of the household per month, the United Kingdom

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Under 500 pounds 1 29 0.4 2.9500 - 999 pounds 2 73 0.9 7.31,000 - 1,499 pounds 3 153 1.9 15.31,500 - 1,999 pounds 4 163 2.0 16.32,000 - 2,499 pounds 5 129 1.6 12.92,500 - 2,999 pounds 6 56 0.7 5.63,000 - 3,499 pounds 7 28 0.3 2.83,500 pounds or more 8 153 1.9 15.3No answer 9 216 2.7 21.6System missing (SYSMIS) . 7007 87.5 –

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV3_3] Net income of the household per month, France

Question

Net income of the household per month, France

Frequencies

16

BV3_5


8007 100.0 100.0

[BV3_4] Net income of the household per month, Italy

Question

Net income of the household per month, Italy

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Under 1,000 euros 1 67 0.8 6.71,000 - 1,500 euros 2 178 2.2 17.81,500 - 2,000 euros 3 240 3.0 24.02,000 - 2,500 euros 4 136 1.7 13.62,500 - 3,000 euros 5 107 1.3 10.73,000 - 3,500 euros 6 30 0.4 3.03,500 euros or more 7 79 1.0 7.9No answer 9 163 2.0 16.3System missing (SYSMIS) . 7007 87.5 –

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV3_5] Net income of the household per month, Poland

Question

Net income of the household per month, Poland

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Under 1,500 zlotys 1 107 1.3 10.7


17

2. Variables


label value n % v. %1,500 - 2,000 zlotys 2 212 2.6 21.22,000 - 2,500 zlotys 3 117 1.5 11.72,500 - 3,000 zlotys 4 150 1.9 15.03,000 - 3,500 zlotys 5 107 1.3 10.73,500 - 4,000 zlotys 6 61 0.8 6.14,000 - 5,000 zlotys 7 54 0.7 5.45,000 zlotys or more 8 86 1.1 8.6No answer 9 106 1.3 10.6System missing (SYSMIS) . 7007 87.5 –

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV3_6] Net income of the household per month, Belgium

Question

Net income of the household per month, Belgium

Frequencies


8007 100.0 100.0

[BV3_7] Net income of the household per month, Portugal

Question

Net income of the household per month, Portugal

Frequencies

18

BV4

label value n % v. %Under 500 euros 1 102 1.3 10.2500 - 750 euros 2 141 1.8 14.1750 - 1,000 euros 3 161 2.0 16.11,000 - 1,250 euros 4 191 2.4 19.11,250 - 1,500 euros 5 82 1.0 8.21,500 - 1,750 euros 6 80 1.0 8.01,750 euros or more 7 98 1.2 9.8No answer 9 145 1.8 14.5System missing (SYSMIS) . 7007 87.5 –

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV3_8] Net income of the household per month, Finland

Question

Net income of the household per month, Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Under 1,000 euros 1 41 0.5 4.11,000 - 1,500 euros 2 77 1.0 7.71,500 - 2,000 euros 3 80 1.0 8.02,000 - 2,500 euros 4 97 1.2 9.72,500 - 3,000 euros 5 145 1.8 14.53,000 - 3,500 euros 6 131 1.6 13.13,500 - 4,000 euros 7 134 1.7 13.44,000 euros or more 8 183 2.3 18.3No answer 9 112 1.4 11.2System missing (SYSMIS) . 7007 87.5 –

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV4] Some people talk about politics in terms of ’left’ and ’right’. On aleft-right scale from 1 to 7, with 1 indicating ’extreme left’ and 7 indicating’extreme right’, where would you place yourself?

Question

Some people talk about politics in terms of ’left’ and ’right’. On a left-right scale from 1 to7, with 1 indicating ’extreme left’ and 7 indicating ’extreme right’, where would you placeyourself?

Frequencies

19

2. Variables

label value n % v. %Extreme left 1 358 4.5 4.5

2 440 5.5 5.53 1357 16.9 16.94 2612 32.6 32.65 1031 12.9 12.96 488 6.1 6.1

Extreme right 7 344 4.3 4.3Don’t know, no answer 9 1377 17.2 17.2

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV5] Country

Question

Country

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Germany 0 1007 12.6 12.6The United Kingdom 1 1000 12.5 12.5France 2 1000 12.5 12.5Italy 3 1000 12.5 12.5Poland 4 1000 12.5 12.5Belgium 5 1000 12.5 12.5Portugal 6 1000 12.5 12.5Finland 7 1000 12.5 12.5

8007 100.0 100.0

[BV6] Weight variable

Question

Weight variable


statistic valuenumber of valid cases 8007minimum –maximum –


20

BV6


statistic valuemean –standard deviation –

21

Chapter 3

Indexes

3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence

FSD study number [FSD_NO] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

FSD edition number [FSD_VR] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

FSD case id [FSD_ID] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Health care [V1_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Pensions [V1_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Support for the unemployed [V1_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Child care [V1_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Care for elderly people [V1_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Education and training [V1_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

If taxes and social security contributions were not sufficient to maintain the current level ofpublic welfare benefits and services in [country], which of the following two options would youprefer: [V2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing health care for all citizens [V3_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing income and appropriate living standards for all citizens throughoutlife [V3_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing child care [V3_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-

23

3. Indexes

ing aims be: Guaranteeing care for elderly people [V3_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Enabling all citizens to acquire education, knowledge and skills [V3_5] . . . . . . 11

I know which public welfare services and benefits are available in [country] for me and myfamily [V4_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

I can choose the way in which public welfare benefits and services, for example child careservices and health care services, are provided to me and my family [V4_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

The public welfare benefits and services in [country] are flexible regarding changing needs indifferent life circumstances [V4_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

The public welfare system in [country] encourages me to actively enhance my personal well-being [V4_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

The EU shall ensure financial transfers from the rich to the poor member states [V5_1] . . . . 13

The EU shall set minimum standards of social protection for all its member states [V5_2] . .14

The EU shall enable and support more mobility of students and workers between the memberstates than existing today [V5_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

The EU shall put pressure on national states including [country] to implement reforms of thewelfare system when they are necessary [V5_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

The respondent’s sex [BV1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

The respondent’s age [BV2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Net income of the household per month, Germany [BV3_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Net income of the household per month, the United Kingdom [BV3_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Net income of the household per month, France [BV3_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Net income of the household per month, Italy [BV3_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Net income of the household per month, Poland [BV3_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Net income of the household per month, Belgium [BV3_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Net income of the household per month, Portugal [BV3_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Net income of the household per month, Finland [BV3_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Some people talk about politics in terms of ’left’ and ’right’. On a left-right scale from 1 to7, with 1 indicating ’extreme left’ and 7 indicating ’extreme right’, where would you placeyourself? [BV4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Country [BV5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Weight variable [BV6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

24

3.2. Variables in alphabetical order

3.2 Variables in alphabetical order

Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

FSD case id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

FSD edition number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

FSD study number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

I can choose the way in which public welfare benefits and services, for example child careservices and health care services, are provided to me and my family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

I know which public welfare services and benefits are available in [country] for me and myfamily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

If taxes and social security contributions were not sufficient to maintain the current level ofpublic welfare benefits and services in [country], which of the following two options would youprefer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Care for elderly people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Child care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Education and training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Health care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Pensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in [country] will cover the needsof citizens in the following fields: Support for the unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Net income of the household per month, Belgium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Net income of the household per month, Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Net income of the household per month, France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Net income of the household per month, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Net income of the household per month, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Net income of the household per month, Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Net income of the household per month, Portugal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Net income of the household per month, the United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Some people talk about politics in terms of ’left’ and ’right’. On a left-right scale from 1 to7, with 1 indicating ’extreme left’ and 7 indicating ’extreme right’, where would you placeyourself? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

The EU shall enable and support more mobility of students and workers between the memberstates than existing today . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

25

3. Indexes

The EU shall ensure financial transfers from the rich to the poor member states . . . . . . . . . . . 13

The EU shall put pressure on national states including [country] to implement reforms of thewelfare system when they are necessary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

The EU shall set minimum standards of social protection for all its member states . . . . . . . . . 14

The public welfare benefits and services in [country] are flexible regarding changing needs indifferent life circumstances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

The public welfare system in [country] encourages me to actively enhance my personal well-being . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

The respondent’s age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

The respondent’s sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Enabling all citizens to acquire education, knowledge and skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing care for elderly people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing child care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing health care for all citizens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Thinking about the future public welfare system in [country], how important should the follow-ing aims be: Guaranteeing income and appropriate living standards for all citizens throughoutlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Weight variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

26

Appendix A

Questionnaire: Finland

27

KYSELYLOMAKE: FSD3077 HYVINVOINTIVALTION TULEVAISUUS EUROOPASSA 2015

QUESTIONNAIRE: FSD3077 CROSS-NATIONAL SURVEY ON THE FUTURE OF THE WELFA-RE STATE 2015

Tämä kyselylomake on osa yllä mainittua Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoituatutkimusaineistoa.

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä.

Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

This questionnaire forms a part of the above mentioned dataset, archived at the Finnish SocialScience Data Archive.

If the questionnaire is used or referred to in any way, the source must be acknowledged bymeans of an appropriate bibliographic citation.

More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

Detta frågeformulär utgör en del av den ovannämda datamängden, arkiverad på Finlands sam-hällsvetenskapliga dataarkiv.

Om frågeformuläret är utnyttjat eller refererat till måste källan anges i form av bibliografiskreferens.

Mer information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

Kysymykset

1. Luottamus hyvinvointivaltioon (tulevaisuus) Uskotko, että Suomen julkiset hyvinvointipalvelut ja sosiaalietuudet täyttävät vuonna 2050 kansalaisten tarpeet seuraavilla aloilla? (ANNA VAIHTOEHDOT SATUNNAISESSA JÄRJESTYKSESSÄ)

o Terveydenhuolto o Eläkkeet o Työttömyysturva o Päivähoito o Vanhustenhoito o Koulutus

1: Kyllä 2: Ei 9: En osaa sanoa, ei vastausta (ÄLÄ LUE)

2. Yksilön valmius osallistua kustannuksiin

Jos verot ja sosiaaliturvamaksut eivät riitä nykyisen tasoisten julkisten sosiaalietuuksien ja hyvinvointipalveluiden ylläpitämiseen Suomessa, kumpi seuraavista vaihtoehdoista olisi mielestäsi paras?

(LUE ÄÄNEEN; YKSI VASTAUS)

(ANNA VASTAUSVAIHTOEHDOT 1–2) SATUNNAISESSA JÄRJESTYKSESSÄ

1: Korotetaan veroja ja sosiaaliturvamaksuja nykyisen tasoisten julkisten sosiaalietuuksien ja hyvinvointipalveluiden ylläpitämiseksi.

2: Säilytetään verojen ja sosiaaliturvamaksujen nykyinen taso ja alennetaan julkisten sosiaalietuuksien ja hyvinvointipalveluiden tasoa.

(ÄLÄ LUE) 3: Vähennetään veroja ja sosiaaliturvamaksuja sekä alennetaan julkisten

sosiaalietuuksien ja hyvinvointipalveluiden tasoa. 4: Korotetaan veroja ja sosiaaliturvamaksuja sekä nostetaan julkisten sosiaalietuuksien

ja hyvinvointipalveluiden tasoa. 9: En osaa sanoa, ei vastausta

3. Hyvinvointivaltion tavoite

Jos ajatellaan Suomen julkista hyvinvointijärjestelmää tulevaisuudessa, kuinka tärkeinä pidät seuraavia tavoitteita?

(ANNA VAIHTOEHDOT SATUNNAISESSA JÄRJESTYKSESSÄ)

o Terveydenhuollon takaaminen kaikille kansalaisille o Toimeentulon ja kohtuullisen elintason takaaminen kaiken ikäisille

kansalaisille o Päivähoidon takaaminen o Vanhustenhoidon takaaminen o Koulutuksen saannin sekä tietojen ja taitojen hankinnan mahdollistaminen

kaikille kansalaisille

1: Erittäin tärkeää 2: Hyvin tärkeää 3: Melko tärkeää 4: Ei kovin tärkeää 5: Ei lainkaan tärkeää 9: En osaa sanoa, ei vastausta (ÄLÄ LUE)

4. Hallintoon liittyvät seikat

Kerro, missä määrin olet samaa tai eri mieltä seuraavista väittämistä. (ANNA VAIHTOEHDOT SATUNNAISESSA JÄRJESTYKSESSÄ)

o Tiedän, mitä julkisia hyvinvointipalveluita ja sosiaalietuuksia Suomessa on tarjolla minulle ja perheelleni.

o Voin valita, miten julkiset hyvinvointipalvelut, kuten esimerkiksi päivähoito-

tai terveydenhuoltopalvelut, tuotetaan minulle ja perheelleni. o Suomen julkiset sosiaalietuudet ja hyvinvointipalvelut joustavat eri

elämäntilanteiden tarpeiden mukaan. o Suomen julkiset hyvinvointipalvelut ja sosiaalietuudet kannustavat minua

aktiivisesti parantamaan henkilökohtaista hyvinvointiani.

1: Täysin samaa mieltä 2: Jokseenkin samaa mieltä 3: Jokseenkin eri mieltä 4: Täysin eri mieltä 9: En osaa sanoa, ei vastausta (ÄLÄ LUE)

5. EU:n rooli Mikä EU:n roolin pitäisi olla suhteessa kansallisiin hyvinvointijärjestelmiin? Kerro, missä määrin olet samaa tai eri mieltä.

(ANNA VAIHTOEHDOT SATUNNAISESSA JÄRJESTYKSESSÄ)

o EU:n tulee taata tulonsiirrot rikkailta jäsenvaltioilta köyhille jäsenvaltioille. o EU:n tulee asettaa kaikille jäsenvaltioilleen sosiaaliturvaa koskevat

vähimmäisvaatimukset. o EU:n tulee edistää ja tukea opiskelijoiden ja työntekijöiden nykyistä

parempaa liikkuvuutta jäsenvaltioiden välillä. o EU:n pitää painostaa jäsenvaltioita, Suomi mukaan lukien, toteuttamaan

tarvittavia hyvinvointijärjestelmän uudistuksia. 1: Täysin samaa mieltä 2: Jokseenkin samaa mieltä 3: Jokseenkin eri mieltä 4: Täysin eri mieltä 9: En osaa sanoa, ei vastausta (ÄLÄ LUE) Sosiodemografiset tekijät

Sukupuoli

Ikä

Nettotulot (erinä) Politiikkaa hahmotetaan usein käsitteillä vasemmisto ja oikeisto. Mihin sijoittaisit itsesi asteikolla 1–7, jossa 1 tarkoittaa äärivasemmistoa ja 7 äärioikeistoa? 1: Äärivasemmisto 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Äärioikeisto 9: En osaa sanoa, ei vastausta (ÄLÄ LUE)

Appendix B

Questionnaire: Belgium

33












Een representatief onderzoek over de welvaartsstaat in 8 Europese landen Vragen

1. Vertrouwen in de welvaartsstaat (toekomst) Denkt u dat de welvaartsstaat in BELGIË in het jaar 2050 de noden van de burgers zal dekken op de volgende domeinen? (ITEMS IN WILLEKEURIGE VOLGORDE)

o Gezondheidszorg o Pensioenen o Werklozensteun o Kinderopvang o Bejaardenzorg o Opleiding en scholing

1: Ja 2: Nee 9: Ik weet het niet, geen antwoord (NIET VOORLEZEN)

2. Individuele bereidheid tot bijdragen

Indien belastingen en sociale zekerheidsbijdragen niet zouden volstaan om het huidige niveau van sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen in BELGIË te handhaven, aan welke van de volgende twee opties zou u dan de voorkeur geven?

(VOORLEZEN; EEN ANTWOORD) (ANTWOORDOPTIES 1-2 IN WILLEKEURIGE VOLGORDE GEVEN) 1: Verhoging van belastingen en sociale zekerheidsbijdragen om het huidige niveau van

sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen te handhaven 2: Handhaving van belastingen en sociale zekerheidsbijdragen op hun huidige niveaus

en verlaging van het huidige niveau van sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen. (NIET VOORLEZEN) 3: Verlaging van belastingen en bijdragen en verlaging van het huidige niveau van

sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen. 4: Verhoging van belastingen en bijdragen en verhoging van het huidige niveau van

sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen. 9: Ik weet het niet, geen antwoord

3. Doel van de welvaartsstaat

Hoe belangrijk zouden de volgende doelen moeten zijn wanneer u nadenkt over de toekomst van de welvaartsstaat in BELGIË?

(ITEMS IN WILLEKEURIGE VOLGORDE GEVEN)

o Garanderen van gezondheidszorg voor alle burgers o Garanderen van inkomen en een passende levensstandaard voor alle

burgers, over hun hele leven o Garanderen van kinderopvang o Garanderen van bejaardenzorg o Alle burgers de mogelijkheid geven om onderwijs te genieten, en kennis en

vaardigheden te verwerven

1: Uiterst belangrijk 2: Zeer belangrijk 3: Enigszins belangrijk 4: Enigszins onbelangrijk 5: Onbelangrijk 9: Ik weet het niet, geen antwoord (NIET VOORLEZEN)

4. Bestuursaangelegenheden Gelieve te vermelden in welke mate u vindt dat de onderstaande uitspraken van toepassing zijn. (ITEMS IN WILLEKEURIGE VOLGORDE GEVEN)

o Ik weet welke sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen in BELGIË voor mij en mijn gezin beschikbaar zijn

o Ik kan de manier kiezen waarop mijn gezin en ik op sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen , bijvoorbeeld diensten met betrekking tot kinderopvang en gezondheidszorg, beroep kunnen doen

o In BELGIE speelt het systeem van sociale uitkeringen en sociale voorzieningen soepel in op veranderende noden in verschillende levensomstandigheden

o De welvaartsstaat in BELGIË moedigt mij aan om mijn persoonlijk welzijn actief te verhogen

1: helemaal van toepassing 2: eerder van toepassing 3: eerder niet van toepassing 4: helemaal niet van toepassing 9: Ik weet het niet, geen antwoord (NIET VOORLEZEN)

5. Rol van de EU Welke rol zou de EU moeten spelen ten aanzien van nationale welvaartsstaten? Gelieve te vermelden in welke mate u het al dan niet eens bent.

(ITEMS IN WILLEKEURIGE VOLGORDE GEVEN)

o De EU moet financiële transfers van de rijke naar de arme lidstaten organiseren.

o De EU moet voor al haar lidstaten minimumnormen op het gebied van sociale bescherming bepalen.

o De EU moet meer mobiliteit van studenten en werknemers tussen de lidstaten mogelijk maken en ondersteunen dan tegenwoordig het geval is.

o De EU moet druk uitoefenen op landen, BELGIË inbegrepen, om hervormingen van de welvaartsstaat door te voeren indien deze noodzakelijk zijn.

1: Sterk mee eens 2: Enigszins mee eens 3: Enigszins mee oneens 4: Sterk mee oneens 9: Ik weet het niet, geen antwoord (NIET VOORLEZEN) Socio-demografische factoren

Geslacht

Welke leeftijd hebt u? o (open)

Netto-inkomen (in schijven)

Sommige mensen hebben het over politiek in termen van “links” en “rechts”. Waar zou uzelf plaatsen op een schaal “links/rechts” van 1 tot 7, waarbij 1 voor “extreem links” en 7 voor “extreem rechts” staat? 1: Extreem links 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Extreem rechts 9: Ik weet het niet, geen antwoord (NIET VOORLEZEN)

Appendix C

Questionnaire: France

39












Enquête représentative sur l’État providence dans 8 pays européens Questions

1. Confiance dans l’État providence (avenir) En 2050, pensez-vous que le système social public en France couvrira les besoins des citoyens dans les domaines suivants ?

(LIRE LES ITEMS DE FAÇON ALÉATOIRE) o Santé o Retraite o Soutien aux chômeurs o Services de garde d’enfants o Services aux personnes âgées o Éducation et formation professionnelle

1 : oui 2 : non 9 : ne sait pas, pas de réponse (NE PAS LIRE À HAUTE VOIX)

2. Disposition personnelle à contribuer

Si les taxes et cotisations sociales n’étaient pas suffisantes pour maintenir le niveau actuel de prestations sociales publiques en France, laquelle des options suivantes aurait votre préférence? (LIRE À HAUTE VOIX ; UNE SEULE RÉPONSE) (LIRE LES RÉPONSES 1-2 DE FAÇON ALÉATOIRE)

1: Augmenter les taxes et cotisations sociales de manière à maintenir le niveau actuel de prestations sociales publiques

2: Maintenir les taxes et cotisations sociales au niveau actuel et réduire le niveau actuel de prestations sociales publiques

(NE PAS LIRE À HAUTE VOIX) 3: Réduire les taxes et cotisations et réduire le niveau actuel de prestations sociales

publiques 4: Augmenter les taxes et cotisations et augmenter le niveau actuel de prestations

sociales publiques 9: Ne sait pas, pas de réponse

3. Objectif de l’État providence

Lorsque vous pensez à l’avenir du système social public en France, quelle importance accordez-vous aux éléments suivants :

(LIRE LES ITEMS DE FAÇON ALÉATOIRE) o garantir des soins de santé à tous les citoyens o garantir un revenir et des conditions de vie décentes à tout âge de la vie à tous les

citoyens o garantir des services de garde d’enfants o garantir des services aux personnes âgées o permettre à tous les citoyens d’acquérir une éducation, des connaissances et un

savoir-faire

1 : extrêmement important 2 : très important 3 : plutôt important 4 : plutôt pas important 5 : pas important 9 : ne sait pas, pas de réponse (NE PAS LIRE À HAUTE VOIX)

4. Questions de gouvernance

Veuillez indiquer dans quelle mesure les affirmations suivantes correspond ou ne correspond pas :

(LIRE LES ITEMS DE FAÇON ALÉATOIRE)

Je sais quelles sont les prestations sociales publiques en France pour moi et ma famille.

Je peux choisir de quelle façon les prestations sociales publiques, par exemple les services de garde d’enfants et les prestations de santé, sont fourni à ma famille et moi-même

Les prestations sociales publiques en France sont flexibles en fonction de l’évolution des besoins liés aux diverses circonstances de la vie.

Le système social public en France m’encourage à activement améliorer mon bien-être.

1 : correspond tout à fait2 : correspond plutôt3 : ne correspond plutôt pas 4 : ne correspond pas du tout 9 : ne sait pas, pas de réponse (NE PAS LIRE À HAUTE VOIX)

5. Le rôle de l’UE Quel rôle l’Union Européenne devrait-elle jouer à l’égard des systèmes sociaux publics nationaux? Veuillez indiquer dans quelle mesure vous êtes d’accord ou pas d’accord. (LIRE LES ITEMS DE FAÇON ALÉATOIRE)

L’Union Européenne devrait garantir des transferts financiers des États membres riches vers les États membres pauvres.

L’Union Européenne devrait instaurer des normes de protection sociale minimales pour tous ses États membres.

L’Union Européenne devrait renforcer et soutenir plus de mobilité des étudiants et travailleurs entre les États membres qu’il existe aujourd’hui.

L’Union Européenne devrait exercer une pression sur les États membres, y compris la France, afin qu’ils mettent en œuvre des réformes de leur système social public lorsqu’elles sont nécessaires.

1 : tout à fait d’accord 2 : plutôt d’accord 3 : plutôt pas d’accord 4 : pas du tout d’accord 9 : ne sait pas, pas de réponse (NE PAS LIRE À HAUTE VOIX) Éléments sociodémographiques

Sexe

Âge

Revenu net (par tranches)

Certaines personnes parlent de politique en termes de « gauche » et de « droite ». Sur une échelle gauche-droite de 1 à 7, avec 1 indiquant « l’extrême-gauche » et 7 « l’extrême-droite », où vous placeriez-vous ? 1 : extrême-gauche 2 : 3 : 4 : 5 : 6 : 7 : extrême-droite 9 : ne sait pas, pas de réponse (NE PAS LIRE À HAUTE VOIX)

Appendix D

Questionnaire: Germany

45












Eine repräsentative Umfrage in 8 Ländern zum Wohlfahrtsstaat Fragen

1. Vertrauen in den Wohlfahrtsstaat (Zukunft) Meinen Sie, dass der Sozialstaat in Deutschland im Jahr 2050 die Bedürfnisse der Bürger in den folgenden Bereichen abdecken wird? (ITEMS RANDOMISIEREN)

o Gesundheitsversorgung o Rente o Unterstützung von Arbeitslosen o Kinderbetreuung o Betreuung im Alter o Bildung und Ausbildung

1: Ja 2: Nein 9: Weiß nicht/Keine Antwort (NICHT VORLESEN)

2. Individuelle Bereitschaft beizutragen

Wenn Steuern und Sozialabgaben nicht mehr ausreichen würden, um das derzeitige Leistungsniveau des Sozialstaats in Deutschland beizubehalten, welche der folgenden beiden Optionen würden Sie bevorzugen?

(VORLESEN; EINE ANTWORT) (RANDOMISIERE ANTWORTOPTIONEN 1-2) 1: Steuern und Sozialabgaben erhöhen um das derzeitige Leistungsniveau des

Sozialstaats beizubehalten 2: Steuern und Sozialabgaben auf gleicher Höhe belassen wie jetzt auch und das

derzeitige Leistungsniveau des Sozialstaats verringern (NICHT VORLESEN) 3: Steuern und Sozialabgaben verringern und das derzeitige Leistungsniveau des

Sozialstaats ebenfalls verringern 4: Steuern und Sozialabgaben erhöhen und das derzeitige Leistungsniveau des

Sozialstaats ebenfalls erhöhen 9: Weiß nicht/Keine Antwort

3. Ziele des Sozialstaats

Wenn Sie an die Zukunft des Sozialstaats in Deutschland denken, wie wichtig sollten da die folgenden Ziele sein?

(ITEMS RANDOMISIEREN)

o Gesundheitsversorgung für alle Bürger gewährleisten o Einkommen und einen angemessenen Lebensstandard für alle Bürger in

jedem Alter gewährleisten o Kinderbetreuung gewährleisten o Betreuung im Alter gewährleisten o Allen Bürgern den Erwerb von Bildung, Wissen und Fähigkeiten ermöglichen

1: Extrem wichtig 2: Sehr wichtig 3: Eher wichtig 4: Eher unwichtig 5: Unwichtig 9: Weiß nicht/Keine Antwort (NICHT VORLESEN))

4. Governance Bitte geben Sie jeweils an, inwiefern die folgenden Aussagen zutreffen oder nicht zutreffen. (ITEMS RANDOMISIEREN)

o Ich weiß, welche Leistungen des Sozialstaats es in Deutschland für mich und meine Familie gibt

o Ich kann wählen, in welcher Form Leistungen des Sozialstaats, zum Beispiel Kinderbetreuung und Gesundheitsleistungen, für mich und meine Familie bereitgestellt werden

o Die Leistungen des Sozialstaats in Deutschland sind flexibel im Hinblick auf die sich verändernden Bedürfnisse in unterschiedlichen Lebenslagen

o Das sozialstaatliche System in Deutschland ermuntert mich dazu, aktiv mein persönliches Wohlbefinden zu steigern

1: trifft voll und ganz zu 2: trifft eher zu 3: trifft eher nicht zu 4: trifft überhaupt nicht zu 9: Weiß nicht/Keine Antwort (NICHT VORLESEN)

5. Rolle der EU Welche Rolle sollte die EU im Hinblick auf die nationalen sozialstaatlichen Systeme spielen? Bitte geben Sie jeweils an, inwiefern Sie zustimmen oder nicht zustimmen. (ITEMS RANDOMISIEREN)

o Die EU sollte finanzielle Transfers von reichen zu armen Mitgliedstaaten gewährleisten

o Die EU sollte Mindeststandards der sozialen Sicherheit in allen Mitgliedstaaten festlegen

o Die EU sollte mehr Mobilität von Studenten und Arbeitnehmern zwischen den Mitgliedstaaten ermöglichen und fördern als bisher

o Die EU sollte Druck auf die Nationalstaaten, einschließlich Deutschland, ausüben, dass diese sozialstaatliche Reformen umsetzen, wenn sie nötig sind.

1: stimme sehr zu 2: stimme eher zu 3: stimme eher nicht zu 4: stimme überhaupt nicht zu 9: Weiß nicht/Keine Antwort (NICHT VORLESEN) Sozio-demographische Variablen

Geschlecht

Alter

Netto-Einkommen (in Tranchen) Manche Leute reden über Politik mit den Begriffen „rechts“ und „links“. Wo würden Sie sich selbst auf einer Rechts-Links-Skala von 1 bis 7 einordnen, wenn 1 „sehr weit links“ und 7 „sehr weit rechts“ bedeutet? Mit den Werten dazwischen können Sie Ihre Einordnung abstufen. 1: sehr weit links 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: sehr weit rechts 9: Weiß nicht/Keine Antwort (NICHT VORLESEN)

Appendix E

Questionnaire: Italy

51












Sondaggio sul Welfare in 8 Paesi Europei Domande

1. Fiducia nel welfare (futuro) Pensa che nel 2050 il welfare pubblico in ITALIA soddisferà le esigenze dei cittadini nei seguenti campi? (ELEMENTI IN ORDINE CASUALE)

o Servizi sanitari o Pensioni o Assistenza ai disoccupati o Assistenza all'infanzia o Assistenza agli anziani o Istruzione e formazione

1: Sì 2: No 9: Non sa, nessuna risposta (NON LEGGERE)

2. Disponibilità individuale a contribuire

Se le imposte e i contributi previdenziali non fossero sufficienti a mantenere l'attuale livello di prestazioni e servizi del welfare pubblico in ITALIA, quali delle due seguenti soluzioni preferirebbe:

(LEGGERE A VOCE ALTA; UNA SOLA RISPOSTA) (ELENCARE IN ORDINE CASUALE LE RISPOSTE 1-2) 1: Un aumento delle imposte e dei contributi previdenziali per mantenere l'attuale livello

di prestazioni e servizi del welfare pubblico 2: Il mantenimento delle imposte e dei contributi previdenziali ai livelli attuali e la

conseguente riduzione del livello attuale delle prestazioni e servizi del welfare pubblico

(NON LEGGERE) 3: Una riduzione delle imposte e dei contribuiti ed una riduzione dell'attuale livello delle

prestazioni e dei servizi di welfare pubblico 4: Un aumento delle imposte e dei contribuiti ed un aumento dell'attuale livello delle

prestazioni e dei servizi di welfare pubblico 9: Non sa, non risponde

3. Obiettivi del welfare

Pensando al sistema di welfare pubblico per il futuro dell’ITALIA, quanto dovrebbero essere importanti i seguenti aspetti?

(ELEMENTI IN ORDINE CASUALE)

o Garanzia di un’assistenza sanitaria a tutti i cittadini o Garanzia di un livello di reddito e di standard di vita adeguati per i cittadini di

tutte le età o Garanzia di assistenza e servizi per l'infanzia o Garanzia di assistenza e servizi per gli anziani o Possibilità per tutti i cittadini di acquisire istruzione, conoscenze e capacità

1: Estremamente importante 2: Molto importante 3: Abbastanza importante 4: Poco importante 5: Non importante 9: Non sa, nessuna risposta (NON LEGGERE)

4. Questioni di governance La prego di indicare in che misura lei concorda o non concorda con ciascuna delle seguenti affermazioni. (ELEMENTI IN ORDINE CASUALE)

o Conosco le prestazioni e i servizi di welfare pubblico disponibili in ITALIA per me e per la mia famiglia

o Posso scegliere le modalità di erogazione delle prestazioni e dei servizi di welfare pubblico, per esempio i servizi di assistenza all'infanzia e di assistenza sanitaria, per me e la mia famiglia

o Le prestazioni e i servizi di welfare pubblico in ITALIA sono flessibili rispetto alle diverse esigenze nei diversi momenti della vita

o Il sistema di welfare pubblico in ITALIA mi incoraggia a migliorare attivamente il mio benessere personale

1: Concordo completamente 2: Concordo abbastanza 3: Non concordo molto 4: Non concordo per niente 9: Non sa, nessuna risposta (NON LEGGERE) 5. Ruolo dell'Unione Europea

Quale ruolo dovrebbe giocare l'UE rispetto ai sistemi di welfare nazionali? Si prega di indicare in che misura si è d'accordo o non si è d'accordo.

(ELEMENTI IN ORDINE CASUALE)

o L'UE dovrebbe garantire trasferimenti finanziari dagli stati membri più ricchi a quelli più poveri.

o L'UE dovrebbe stabilire standard minimi di protezione sociale per tutti i suoi stati membri.

o L'UE dovrebbe consentire e supportare una maggiore mobilità di studenti e lavoratori tra stati membri rispetto ai livelli attuali.

o L'UE dovrebbe mettere pressione sugli stati nazionali compresa l’ITALIA affinché si implementino delle riforme del sistema di welfare quando necessarie.

1: Sono assolutamente d'accordo 2: Sono abbastanza d'accordo 3: Non sono molto d'accordo 4: Non sono per niente d'accordo 9: Non sa, nessuna risposta (NON LEGGERE) Aspetti socio-demografici

Sesso

Età

Reddito netto (in tranche)

Alcune persone parlano di politica in termini di "sinistra" e "destra". In una scala da 1 a 7, dove 1 indica "estrema sinistra" e 7 “estrema destra”, dove si collocherebbe? 1: Estrema sinistra 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Estrema destra 9: Non sa, nessuna risposta (NON LEGGERE)

Appendix F

Questionnaire: Poland

57












Reprezentatywna ankieta dot. opieki społecznej w 8 europejskich krajach Pytania

1. Pewność co do opieki społecznej państwa (w przyszłości) Czy myśli Pan/Pani, że w 2050 roku system opieki społecznej w Polsce będzie w stanie zaspokoić potrzeby obywateli w wymienionych obszarach? (WYMIENIAĆ LOSOWO)

o Opieka zdrowotna o Emerytury o Zasiłki dla bezrobotnych o Opieka nad dziećmi o Opieka nad osobami starszymi o Edukacja i szkolenia

1: Tak 2: Nie 9: Nie wiem, brak odpowiedzi (NIE CZYTAĆ)

2. Gotowość do osobistego wkładu

Jeśli podatki i składki na ubezpieczenie społeczne byłyby niewystarczające na utrzymanie obecnego poziomu świadczeń i usług z zakresu opieki społecznej w Polsce, którą z dwóch opcji by Pan/Pani wybrał/a:

(PRZECZYTAĆ; JEDNA ODPOWIEDŹ) (LOSOWO OPCJE 1-2) 1: Podwyższenie podatków i składek na ubezpieczenie w celu utrzymania

obecnego poziomu świadczeń i usług socjalnych 2: Utrzymanie podatków i składek na ubezpieczenie społeczne na obecnym

poziomie i zmniejszenie obecnego poziomu świadczeń i usług socjalnych (NIE CZYTAĆ) 3: Obniżenie podatków i składek oraz obniżenie obecnego poziomu świadczeń i

usług socjalnych 4: Podwyższenie podatków i składek oraz podniesienie obecnego poziomu świadczeń i

usług socjalnych 9: Nie wiem, brak odpowiedzi

3. Cel państwa opiekuńczego

Myśląc o przyszłym systemie opieki społecznej w Polsce, na ile ważne powinny być wymienione cele?

(WYMIENIAĆ LOSOWO)

o Gwarantowanie opieki zdrowotnej obywatelom o Gwarantowanie dochodów i odpowiedniego standardu życia

obywatelom na przestrzeni całego życia

o Gwarantowanie opieki nad dziećmi o Gwarantowanie opieki nad osobami starszymi o Umożliwienie obywatelom zdobywania wykształcenia, wiedzy i umiejętności

1: Wyjątkowo ważne 2: Bardzo ważne 3: W jakimś stopniu ważne 4: W jakimś stopniu nieważne 5: Nie ważne 9: Nie wiem, brak odpowiedzi (NIE CZYTAĆ)

4. Kwestie związane z zarządzaniem Proszę określić, na ile, Pani/Pana zdaniem, następujące stwierdzenia pasują bądź nie pasują do sytuacji w Polsce lub do Pani/Pana sytuacji życiowej. (WYMIENIAĆ LOSOWO)

o Wiem, jakie usługi i świadczenia społeczne są dostępne w Polsce dla mnie i dla mojej rodziny

o Mogę wybrać, w jaki sposób skorzystam, ja i moja rodzina, z usług i świadczeń społecznych, np. usług dot. opieki nad dzieckiem oraz świadczeń w zakresie opieki zdrowotnej

o Usługi i świadczenia społeczne w Polsce są dostosowane do zmieniających się potrzeb i warunków

o System opieki społecznej w Polsce zachęca mnie do aktywnej poprawy własnego dobrego samopoczucia

1: Całkowicie pasuje 2: Częściowo pasuje 3: Częściowo nie pasuje 4: Zupełnie nie pasuje 9: Nie wiem, brak odpowiedzi (NIE CZYTAĆ)

5. Rola UE Jaką rolę powinna odgrywać UE w zakresie krajowych systemów opieki społecznej? Proszę określić, w jakim stopniu zgadza się Pan/Pani lub nie zgadza.

(WYMIENIAĆ LOSOWO)

o UE powinna zapewniać przekazywanie funduszy finansowych z bogatszych krajów dla krajów uboższych.

o UE powinna określić podstawowe standardy opieki socjalnej dla wszystkich krajów członkowskich.

o UE powinna umożliwić i wspierać większą mobilność studentów i osób pracujących w obrębie krajów członkowskich w większym stopniu niż obecnie.

o UE powinna wywierać presję na kraje, w tym Polskę, w zakresie wprowadzania reform systemu opieki społecznej, kiedy jest to konieczne.

1: Zdecydowanie zgadzam się 2: Zgadzam się w pewnym stopniu 3: Nie zgadzam się w pewnym stopniu 4: Zdecydowanie nie zgadzam się 9: Nie wiem, brak odpowiedzi (NIE CZYTAĆ) Dane socjodemograficzne

Płeć

Wiek Proszę podać swój wiek.

Przychód netto (w transzach)

Niektórzy określają swoją orientację polityczną, używając zwrotów „prawica” i „lewica”. Używając skali od 1-7, gdzie 1 oznacza „radykalnie lewicowe poglądy”, a 7 – „radykalnie prawicowe poglądy”, proszę określić swoją orientację polityczną. 1: Radykalnie lewicowe poglądy 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Radykalnie prawicowe poglądy 9: Nie wiem, brak odpowiedzi (NIE CZYTAĆ)

Appendix G

Questionnaire: Portugal

63












Inquérito representativo sobre o Estado Social em 8 países europeus

Perguntas

1. Confiança no estado do Estado Social (futuro)

Em 2050 acha que o sistema de segurança social público em PORTUGAL conseguirá cobrir as necessidades dos cidadãos nas seguintes áreas? (REFERIR ITEMS ALEATORIAMENTE)

o Cuidados de saúde o Pensões o Apoio aos desempregados o Assistência à infância o Assistência aos idosos o Educação e formação

1: Sim 2: Não 9: Não sabe / não responde (NÃO LER)

2. Disponibilidade individual para contribuir

Se os impostos e as contribuições para a segurança social não forem suficientes para manter o nível atual de benefícios e serviços do Estado Social em PORTUGAL, qual das seguintes opções preferiria:

(LER; UMA RESPOSTA) (LER OPÇÕES DE RESPOSTA 1-2 ALEATORIAMENTE) 1: Aumento de impostos e contribuições para a segurança social, de forma a manter o

nível atual de benefícios e serviços do Estado-Social 2: Manutenção dos impostos e das contribuições para a segurança social nos níveis

atuais e reduzir o nível de benefícios e serviços do Estado Social (NÃO LER) 3: Reduzir impostos e contribuições e reduzir o nível atual dos benefícios e serviços do

Estado Social 4: Aumentar impostos e contribuições e aumentar o nível atual dos benefícios e

serviços do Estado Social 9: Não sabe, não responde

3. Objetivo do Estado Social

Quando pensa no futuro sistema de segurança social público em PORTUGAL, que importância têm para si os seguintes itens?

(REFERIR ITEMS ALEATORIAMENTE)

o Garantia de cuidados de saúde a todos os cidadãos

o Garantia de salário e nível de vida adequado para todos os cidadãos ao

longo de todas as fases da vida o Garantia de assistência à infância o Garantia de assistência aos idosos o Permitir a todos os cidadãos o acesso a educação, conhecimento e

competências

1: Extremamente importante 2: Muito importante 3: Algo importante 4: Algo insignificante 5: Insignificante 9: Não sabe / não responde (NÃO LER)

4. Questões de governação Diga, por favor, até que ponto as seguintes afirmações correspondem à realidade do seu país. (REFERIR ITEMS ALEATORIAMENTE)

o Sei que serviços e benefícios do Estado Social estão disponíveis em PORTUGAL para mim e para a minha família

o Posso escolher a forma pela qual os benefícios e serviços do Estado-Social, por exemplo assistência na infância ou serviços de cuidados de saúde, são disponibilizados a mim e à minha família

o Os benefícios e serviços do Estado Social em PORTUGAL são flexíveis relativamente às necessidades variáveis em diferentes circunstâncias da vida

o O sistema de Estado Social em PORTUGAL encoraja-me a melhorar ativamente o meu bem-estar pessoal

1: Corresponde totalmente 2: Corresponde parcialmente 3: Não corresponde parcialmente 4: Não corresponde totalmente 9: Não sabe / não responde (NÃO LER)

5. Papel da UE

Que papel deve desempenhar a UE relativamente aos sistemas de segurança social dos Estados-membros? Diga, por favor, até que ponto concorda ou não.

(REFERIR ITEMS ALEATORIAMENTE)

o A UE deve garantir transferências financeiras dos Estados-membros mais ricos para os mais pobres.

o A UE deve definir padrões mínimos de proteção social para todos os Estados-membros.

o A UE deve permitir e apoiar uma maior mobilidade de estudantes e trabalhadores entre os Estados-membros, do que a que existe atualmente.

o A UE deve pressionar os Estados nacionais, incluindo PORTUGAL, para implementarem reformas ao sistema de segurança social, quando necessário.

1: Concordo totalmente 2: Concordo parcialmente 3: Discordo parcialmente 4: Discordo totalmente 9: Não sabe / não responde (NÃO LER) Questões sociodemográficas

Género

Qual é a sua idade?

Rendimento líquido (em parcelas)

Algumas pessoas falam de política em termos de “esquerda” e “direita”. Numa escala de esquerda-direita, de 1 a 7, em que 1 significa “extrema-esquerda” e 7 significa “extrema-direita”, onde se colocaria? 1: Extrema-esquerda 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Extrema-direita 9: Não sabe, não responde (NÃO LER)

Appendix H

Questionnaire: United Kingdom

69












A representative survey on the welfare state in 8 European countries Questions

1. Confidence in the welfare state (future) In the year 2050, do you think that the public welfare system in the UK will cover the needs of citizens in the following fields? (RANDOMIZE ITEMS)

o Health care o Pensions o Support for the unemployed o Child care o Care for elderly people o Education and training

1: Yes 2: No 9: Don’t know, no answer (DO NOT READ)

2. Individual readiness to contribute

If taxes and social security contributions were not sufficient to maintain the current level of public welfare benefits and services in the UK, which of the following two options would you prefer:

(READ OUT; ONE RESPONSE) (RANDOMIZE ANSWER OPTIONS 1-2) 1: Increase taxes and social security contributions in order to maintain the current level

of public welfare benefits and services 2: Maintain taxes and social security contributions at current levels and reduce the

current level of public welfare benefits and services (DO NOT READ) 3: Reduce taxes and contributions and reduce the current level of public welfare benefits

and services 4: Increase taxes and contributions and increase the current level of public welfare

benefits and services 9: Don’t know, no answer

3. Aim of the welfare state

Thinking about the future public welfare system in the UK, how important should the following aims be?

(RANDOMIZE ITEMS)

o Guaranteeing health care for all citizens o Guaranteeing income and appropriate living standards for all citizens

throughout life o Guaranteeing child care o Guaranteeing care for elderly people o Enabling all citizens to acquire education, knowledge and skills

1: Extremely important 2: Very important 3: Somewhat important 4: Somewhat unimportant 5: Unimportant 9: Don’t know, no answer (DO NOT READ)

4. Governance Issues

Please indicate to which extent you think each of the following statements applies. (RANDOMIZE ITEMS)

o I know which public welfare services and benefits are available in the UK for me and my family

o I can choose the way in which public welfare benefits and services, for example child care services and health care services, are provided to me and my family

o The public welfare benefits and services in the UK are flexible regarding changing needs in different life circumstances

o The public welfare system in the UK encourages me to actively enhance my personal well-being

1: Applies completely 2: Somewhat applies 3: Does rather not apply 4: Does not apply at all 9: Don’t know, no answer (DO NOT READ)

5. EU’s role Which role should the EU play with regard to national welfare systems? Please indicate to which extent you agree or disagree.

(RANDOMIZE ITEMS)

o The EU shall ensure financial transfers from the rich to the poor member states.

o The EU shall set minimum standards of social protection for all its member states.

o The EU shall enable and support more mobility of students and workers between the member states than existing today.

o The EU shall put pressure on national states including the UK to implement reforms of the welfare system when they are necessary.

1: Strongly agree 2: Somewhat agree 3: Somewhat disagree 4: Strongly disagree 9: Don’t know, no answer (DO NOT READ) Socio-demographics

Sex

Age

Net-Income (in tranches)

Some people talk about politics in terms of “left” and “right”. On a left-right scale from 1 to 7, with 1 indicating “extreme left” and 7 indicating “extreme right”, where would you place yourself? 1: Extreme left 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Extreme right 9: Don't Know, no answer (DO NOT READ OUT)

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