FT< a bQgylnmUbQgylnmU qUH

h j .wgonbH 1905 ,; yh 1906i<g

h j pjgonbH 1929 ,; yh 1930

(.y nl<hMpmhU pgnm j<logenmU x; .v] jv oMsvhdH h j mjHN

ep nmp hpg jv .jy> .pQn,nm yMpmhU jv mw hpnbcvhdHN)

1

FT< a bQgylnmUbQgylnmU qUH

bgnb] hEhfoM> 6] 1905

h j<dog;MkU

jv Qokojy>

bgnb

.jy>] b<xU h j p<;enbMpmhdj bQgylnmp n!xUMU (Robinson)bQgylnmp h mvhdj , gnhjH 1850 , xAphH] ep ,Enh .v .fohd>

b<jk h j cjgQnbvhdj xv .Ud#. b<jH h mgnhjN .g bQgylnmoH

.vnanm moonbH t<gm j cjdognyH .fdog;Mnmonb> i<g h mw faogjH

boro> b<jo> bUg h mgnhooH g<gnmV h m<; mEc<hthoH ,; yh bom

Khmhp [!U (Huron) ,; yh Mxw.Z (Superior) h mvhdojN 1873 ,xAphH] npZG n,<G b"U;_ (Northwest Angle) bQgylnmU (bQgylnmU o<s)]j bcvgnbH .vnanbH , cjfpjH t<gm b<jo> nbcuH mdl yosc b<jH h

mgnhooH] c<j buV .Ud#. b<jH h mw faognhooHN boy o<gT h j

boevhdG bQgylnmU] jv .jy> hkE x<jg<j~ .g hpg j .vyhU] boy yh

;gH] hpg jv .jyH j .vyhUN

, bf nb<hmho<hH] epmQokpMpmhonbH i<g .gcor<hphonbH bUg

.Ud#. b<jH jn,fuH mdl h mw m<; mEc<hthH ,; yh qnbuH mdl

xga;nm MxH ,nho n,v j mdognhH jv cjgQnbvhdH boy b<j moonbH

h fxpn,Mnb<cUN oppU yh .g h j yMp.fJkH] , j mgQnbwktG jv

.jy> .gs<lphp (Order of His Excellency in Council) Kjchnm xMT29] 1905] jv pgnm bQgyskH boj moonbH h gwhsgjH boro> b<jo>

,h ,Enh h .v cjfpeHN nbLT qUnh jW tgstgp hjl b<j fcmhU

(90,000 square miles) m<xD> boy .Ud#. b<j g<gnmV xga;nm Mx~,; yh eJonm Mx~N

m<x o<gT , boevhdH .y] junhU ,h jv n,gH jv chovH boj

moonbH bmgnmhT xga; MxH h j Ugtp.vH h av bgn,vH bGMU a hcoH]

i<g yh bQgyvH boj x; moonbH qnbuH i<g x; .Ud#. b<jH mdl h

.sdvHN tKnbV ,h nmcV jv cjgQnbvhdH boy b<j~ moonbH h

fxpn,MvH npZG n,<G @#s#< (Northwest Territories) h mgnhH]jn,fuH mdl xga;nm MxH] j mdovhd> jv bktmvH boj moonbH h

Ugtp.vH .Ud#. b<jH i<g , mEnh pmcoH aknhU jv mw bQgyvH tMn,

moonbH h av bgn,vH hawnmoH bUg xga;nm MxHN ,nho n,v j

mgQnbwktG jv .jy> .gs<lphp (Order of His Excellency in

2

Council) h ;ngJ;pjMov .c<;nm xMny] 1905] jv bQgyG x; l; moo>h gtp.G bUg npZG n,<G @#s#< (Northwest Territories) b<jH hmgnhooH g<gnmV xga;nm MxH] jn,fU c<j<g<jH ,; yh bGMU a] i<g jv

.wgonbj moonb<jk bUd mdlN

xsT mwpnhU .y bQgylnmU h j mwpnhj nmp bQgylnmp .gpHN

akH bn,ohU (member) j nbn,pct;> .Ud#. jv .jynb , uJimhdHhpg jv .pQn,nmU (clause 6 of the Statute of Canada, 54-55 Vic.,chap. V.) , mndyhH] x; l; bQgylnmU ohU mdl l tovH moonbH.Ud#. b<j~ .v] ,h ,Enh h j cjfpjH .g<jnb>] ncyw mgnhooj hpg

.pQn,nmp] hg j mngonbU , pgn,ognhH jv p<;eG .Ud#. jv .jy>N

bUg .Ud#. jv .jy> .p<;enmoH j mngonbU .Ud#. jv .jy> jv

nbn,pcyG akH bom i<g jv bkt<gy;GN

j<dognhU i<g jv j<jMponbH h mndyhH boy .pQn,nmU h j

bktgonbH] hpg jv .jy> ,; yh .Ud#. jv .jy> nmpnb> , j

nbn,p<gvH bQgyslnmoo>} boj bs<lphpH j tphonbnpH .jynmoo> jv

j bQgylvH bfG lnhp] Q;V ep .v cjfphonbnpH jv bvgvH i<g x;

pjgvH boro> bQgylnmoo> ,h p<;eod moonbN

h mEnh nbn,ovH boj bs<lphpH] ,; h phgjH bgnb mgnmoo>

fuZnmH (Dinorwic) , msdvH] l .v jsdvH .KUAZH (Osnaburg) ,msdvH] , o<stgp;pjMG Kjchnm xMT i<g jv g;wjH id , oQ;pjMG

.c<;nm xMTN

,nb; yh .; bs<lphpH .g h yMpJvH] y"Ud_ (A.G. Meindl,Esq., M.D.) l Us;uonm bs<lG i<g .jynmG] FT< cZHjUMU (JamesParkinson) ,; yh CciM (J.L. Vanasse) hpg jv .jc.n,MnbHN fuZnmHmgnmoH (Dinorwic) j pjEh;nbH n@nb (T.C. Rae, Esq.) h .jynmovbGMU a hTcoH] , j mgQnbf;G bGMU a hTco jv .jynb jv nmFnbG

bom i<g jv nbn,ohgH xTxJnmoo> i<g pphgn,ovlG rnhV , xTxJnmGN

,;go fuZnmH (Dinorwic) h .fpG bn,ohp bp n@ (Rae) l msgbovbom .KUAZH (Osnaburg)N FT< <n,"U (James Swain) , j og ccen,pGbn,ohp xga;nm xMH i<g , j cenmgG yMpbysnmp .v i<g yh ,

phvgG h mw cnb<f;nbooH xga;nm Mxo> n,v j ohomGN

, jWckH , o<s;pjMG .c<;nm xMT h phgjH boj fuZnmG

(Dinorwic) i<g h mEnh nbohtlvH qUH b<jnm fcmhU] ,; h .fgjH twihnm Khmhoo> (Big Sandy Lake)N h obu;pjMG .c<;nm xMT j.fgbnyH n,tf;w.<fnhU moonb<jo> (Frenchman's Head)] FT< cUf"U(James Bunting) h ohoEhnbG moonb bUg Uj to;pU oQqC .fooy l

3

nmvmktvH h mw boyH , nbohthonbH mEhnl (Ishkaqua portage)] p<xVt<gm o j nmvmhnmpU n,K , ;Jnhj ogcvgnmopp bwV yh otvtppN ,

.g;wH , obu;pjMG o j .fdpU .xw;hH (Lac Seul)] , jWckH ,;ngJ;pjMG ,; h .fgyH bGMU a .ggn,htH bUg .xw;hH (Lac Seul)NylUM (Mr. J. D. McKenzie) h .jynmG bUg bgn,ht;H p<xV j tu.fi> bom bs<lphp i<g , mw hEjgG j nmv,>N j mnd<gyl> m<x ,

pgn,otG i<g p<xV j tuco> , hEj.G , .vnaeG .vN

moonbH .g h av bgn,vH n,EhV j cjpecoH .g<jnb> m<x h

p<;enbMpbjH bQgylnmU o<s h mvhdoH] q;V yh j mdovhd> jv

jxvponbH .g , nm pgnm lvp.ponbH ,gnbnl bn,ohpH cwV bQgylnmU

o<s b<jH h .sdvH] ,h ,Enh h bwgMpJvH bQgylnmoHN ak;dp> xga;H

, .vvH x; j mgnbHN j pgnm j<lovhd> nrv , mwpnhH i<g j

bwgjyhonbnpH bUg .Ej bQgylnmoHN

, mEnh bxgjwhH , ;ngJ;pjMG] .xw;h> moonb<jH (Lac Seulreserve)] j msgonbH , nm Ugnm ;v jxvgonbH , otponbH i<g ,y;WvH tdnbH bUg moonb<jHN tnpwoonb .nmpvhonbnb .; moonbH]

tuconbH .xyfMnmonbH mwp;MnbHN p<xV t<gm tp.nblnbH .gtp.nm

b<jnb>N

j phgnyH boj .xw;ho> (Lac Seul) , jWckoH , onKJ;pjMG.c<;nm xMT] , j bf jxvvH .xw;hH (Lac Seul) .KUAZH (Osnaburg), mwvrvHN j .fgbnyH h mE; mEc<hthoH $G MxH (Root river) , j.vvrvH h tgs;pjMG .c<;nm xMTN j bf tEhnbH tung S?C Khmhoo>

(Lake St. Joseph) xoE , tqhvH .KUAZH (Osnaburg) , ak;qA;pjMGN

,nho o<gT , bf .wgonbH bQgylnmU] i<g j tFfnbH moonbH ,

ynbvmsvH .g] lhG tMn, j mgnbH boj .g h cjgpgLvHN boj ,h h .v

mgvH bq~ j av msdnb;cU nmcV h bf oxooH] i<g tp j bf jn,nbH

h .vvH nbLE xwnm KhmhU (Cat lake) mdlN

, hEjgonbH .xw;hH (Lac Seul) jv mwvyonbH] .; moonbHj<lognyH go h mngonbH bQgylnmoH o<s] i<g j povponbU .g ynbV

jv mw botm;pnbH] boy .v ,h p<xV , Kxgnhooj h mw bQgylvH

boj bs<lphpH h mfgnhH nmp boy hLE bQgylnmUN

j mngonbU bQgylnmoH o<s] gs xAU obnpg~ akH bn,ohU jv

toG] q;V yh inbg~ x; cjfoG boy nmp nrvN boy bQgylnmU h nm

cjfohdH] ep .v bQgyhonbU bcvgnmU] t<sKH] xvxnhp] i<g x; QtpHN

4

,h , lvp.ponbH l mjH] bs<lphpH j nmgyn,nbH moonb jv

nbn,pcyov l bkt<gy;vH l nmgyhonmov , mdyhooH bQgylnmoo>N

nmcV j av msdnbH boj h j nbn,pctvH i<g j nmgynbhonbnpH ,

mndyhooH bQgylnmoo>N j nmgynbhonbnpH i<g m<x ,h oMsvhdl lnhU

i<g x; lnho> nbhnlvlenbl jv nmgyvH boj bs<lphpHN

.jyhU tKa yh j bkt> , nmgH h mw povov moonb jq<xU

yMp.fJngn, , p<;esgjH bQgylnmoo> jv mdog;MnbH jv gwlvH bUg

xv mE;ohp<jH l tovH] i<g ,h jv hEjgvH jv ugr?vH i<g Ugtp.vH

gxE;V buV h mw sgjHN

m<x , nmgyvH ,h boy jv mw povvH] ,h jv nbpmvH buV h

mw xyv.vH] j boegysnbH .ro>] i<g j hnlvlenbH cfy tp nbcool

jv pEnlnbwngvHN j p<;yhonbnpH h mw c;?oevH i<g ,nho h mw

jcmhdH pjEhsnmUN

tp , nbcH boj moonbH cLdp;MnbH , nm bktbvH jv .jy>

bs<lphp i<g tp j pjEhsponbU] .jyhU j mnd> , j ytsiogjH h j

mw hnlvt;vH jv .jynb jv bQgysvH] i<g bq~ , nm yMp.fJvH] ,

j<logjH jv tucom;vHN hg tucom;nbH bom Qokp ltovH] i<g boj

moonbH p<xV j pp<;enbH l mw tucom;vH boro> bQgylnmoo>N

boj ;gjkH bn,ohpH] h mEnh nmgjH aknhU , mdogjH tKanb h

mdogtv] j yMp.fJponbU , p<;esvhdH bQgylnmU .fEh> tMn,

bn,ohU] i<g ,nho h bf mw fcbyhonbHN

j nbn,pcyhonbnpH .jyhpH] , mdog;MvH boj moonbH jv

bknbvH akH .jyhp i<g oQ .jyhowqN ,nb; yh .; h j nbn,pctvH+

tKa] nDU whH (Skunk)] ,; yh nDV nbnbEhUH (George Wawashkung)N

jEnh yh .y j y;qonbU gxE;V h svhdH , uvgonbH jv lnhUN jEnh

bkt,n,jU j tphonbnpH q;V boy , mndyhH bQgylnmU} ,nb; boro> l

g;pH .jyhU jv u;gG .sjynmnmUN ncyw bf y;qonbH j tphonbU tKa]

.Ej .jyhU] bkt,n,joo> aEjE , nmgyG h mw j<dognhooHN tKa j

.fpT i<g j bkt> , ytvyG jv .jynb h mw sgnbov moonbN i<g j

md> .EhfK jv psgnbov n,t<f;wnb l mndov i<g jv uJibtov

.hl<jtn,nmoo> i<g ,h jv cwdLoyvH bom bn,ohp h j<logtov

xyfMnmoo> i<g h j agy;vH .. tuconmpN tKa] ,h , nbxG] p<xV

hEjg> jv faoyG .fooy] i<g l mw tucoov .fooy mw bcvg>

.faovlnmUN

5

tso cLdpnhU h mw bs<lyhH bkt,nmU bUg .KUAZH (Osnaburg)Nbkt,nmhtH] ,nb; boy ynbV cLdpnhH bUg hawnmoH i<g gs .g;E

bktvlnbH moonbHN Da< nmOkT< (Jabez Williams) ,nb; bp n,jynmGbUg hawnmoH] p<xV j j<gcfM> , mnd<gynbG jv .jy> bs<lphp gng ,

pgn,otGN o j cjfo;pU i<g jv mgnbjG nmjHN

, jWckH h o<sqA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT t<gm j boevhd> l mw

mgnhj mE;ohp<jk] i<g nmpnb> moonbH j boegnyH l mwpnhooH b<jo>

l pgn,ogjH jv mE;pyvHN boro> yh b<jo> h j nbn,pcgyJvH] yMpd>

.g fcvenbMpmhoHN

j phdpU .KUAZH (Osnaburg) , jWckH , o<sqA;pjMG .c<;nmxMT] i<g j bf xvng,pU xga;nm Mx (Albany) tung S?C KhmhoH h.vvnbH] i<g h mEnh qAEhyH tFG cnb<fnh i<g p<xV , tupnhj Khmhp]

o j .fdpU bcysH hawnmU (Fort Hope) obpU , m<coH , mEnhbxgjwhH , obpi.qA;pjMG .c<;nm xMTN .y p<xV h j<dognhH bGMU

a hawnmhtH] bcysH KhmhoH mw mgnhU] i<g ,;go , mw pjEhsvH tFG

moonbH] nbLT onKnK tgstgp] bmgnbhT lwvnbU Mx~ h mw pgtp.vH

i<g xoE n,o<jnm MxHN t<sZ nhZfU (Mr. C.H.M. Gordon) .jynm> .ghawnmht;HN

h j svhdH .KUAZH (Osnaburg) ,nho aknhU h svhdH .gN jhnlvyhonbnpH boj moonbH jv nbn,pcyvH bn,ohp l nmgytv lnhU n,v

g;wjH .; jv .jy> bs<lphpHN , qU;qA;pjMG boy , ljWckH j

bktbhonbnpH boj h j bn,pctvH jv bkt<gynbvH moonb bUg bGMU a

.jy> nmjoHN o j qn,og;MpU , j nmvmktG , mnd<gynmktG

yhd.nhpL> cCcZG (Rev. Father F. X. Fafard) h faogH hsOHbkt,nmht;o> bUg xga;H , hEjgG , .yEl;eG i<g , .vnaeGN

t<gm pnbV j boevhd> bQgylnmU .g mo;H nmp h j boevhdH

.KUAZH (Osnaburg)N eok<] akH h jv wjtn,G .jyhU] j hnlvle> bfGlnhpN b<xU h .v hEjgkU , tofJkU lnhU] , bnbwwnmkU .v] ep nm<hV

eW osv tohnmU lnhUN xwwH o j fc,U lnhU h tohnmkU bg tKnbV xp

, tohnmkUN ,; yh mnd>] jpnb> , av g;wiH jv .jyH , .sdLH ,

agLH lnhU l tucom;kH ,h yh jv fcbyHN lnhU n,v svhdHN yhd.nhpL>

cCcZG yh j nmgyn,> nrv , mwpnhH boy bQgylnmU i<g yh j md> ,

p<;esgjH bQgylnmoo> ,nho , nbcfpn,vH , gnaLoyvH i<g ,

oMgn,oyvH jv .jynb] i<g yh , p<;evH jv cjfpjH t<gm .g<jnb>

,h nbLE l j mpcvgvH] ,nho n,v tovH lnhp l j nmvm;vH ,h jv

rvcovH h j mw cjfpjH .vN

6

LMu , mwohJG bn,ohU] boy x; , mw hEjgG jv mndG ,

n,t<f;weG L< ,; yh u , mndG n,v j mwohfG] j bkt> , nmgynbG

moonb jv tovH t<sK i<g bcvgnmp t<sKH , bcvmvH] tp Mtp i<g

ognmjvlnm bcvgnmpN nbp> j ccy<l> bp L<u] i<g jnbo oMsgT h j

mw to;ov jv .jynb ;gjk moonb xsT bUd hgwlovN ,h yh ,

pgn,ogyH jv nbo oMsvhdH .y bQgylnmU] i<g yh ,h jv bQgylkH

lnhU ,h h yMpdH .g bQgylnmoH] j nmgynbhonbnpH ,h jv tovH ..

lnhp tKnbV ,h jv j xyv.fJvH ognmjvlnmoH .vN ep hg nbpgonboo>

.gtp.nmonb> i<g .ugr?nmonb> tFG xAp h j .v xyfMvHN j

nmgynbhonbnpH boj moonbH , yMp.fJvH bUg bQgylnmoH] ,nho ,

bQgylvH ,h jv nbpbvH n,t<f;wnb l av fcb<lov] pgnm

QokpMpn,ovH] Ugtp.ov i<g x; xsE , mw bs<lovN i<g jv j<dogjH

.pQn,nmp b<jH tMn, x; mw] i<g yh fcU , j mE;pyvH b<jo> jv

bkvH b<jo> ,h l mw t;EhvmvH] i<g n,t<f;w> ,h jv .fpyJG b<jH

.v lnho> ,h xgy , hnlvyhonmov .footnbnb i<g jv .jynbN

h mEnh yh bktponbH] j yMp.fJponbU , p<;esvdH bQgylnmU

i<g j bf fcbyhonbUN tp boy , nbcH j jwgonbU fcbylnmU i<g j

y;qonbU i<g , j nbn,pctvH hGFmUV] L<u] S ;GnmU] aUv .Ejij<H ,;

yh nDV nlM< (Katchange, Yesno, Joe Goodwin, Benji Ooskinegisk,and George Quisees)N boj .Ej .jyhpH j bktnbH , nmgjH ,tniogjH , jwgnmG bQgylnmoo> i<g , mw hEjgvH jv fx sgjH h

mndyhooHN

mdognhU .g jv boevhdH h j m<xv tniog;MvH .; moonbH rnhV

h bktponbHN bg b<h> , udconbnl tvto> h mw xyfMvH .v] u;MnbH

, tnioevH i<g , p,oevHN ownp bkt,nmhtnh bcysH] akH qhpw

bkt,nmhtH #SZG< (Rev. Mr. Richards) , faogH ,; yh hsOHbkt,nmhtH yhd.nhpL> cCcZG (Rev. Father Fafard) , faogH] hfaogH bkt,nmht;p> lwvnbuH (Albany)N

o j phdpU bcyG , ljWckH] owgp akH .c<;nm xMTN h mEnh

bQbyH bcyG KhmhU] j .fdpU lWvnbo Mx~N i<g h mEnh tEhkH o<s

jwh>] o j .fdpU bnhj (Marten Falls) owgp obpU to;wE ncywobpi> , ljWckH , oQjwhH] owgp obpU .c<;nm xMTN

p<xV j<dognhU .y bGMU a hawnmUN Ktk_ b~JZbC (Mr. SamuelIserhoff) .jynm> .gN mgnbH bfG moonbH h a.vH jv tqhkHN .EhV, nbctvH] u;MnbH ,h p<xV , yEhnm xyfMvH gxE;V h mwp;MvH

.KUAZH i<g x; bcysHN ,h , twhooH .gtp.nm b<jnb> yE;V n,v

mwp;MvHN

7

owgp obpU , mgs;pjMG juvgonbU boy h nm av uvgonbH .g

hawnmoHN h mEnh cLd nmvhdH bQgylnmU ,; h yMp.fJponbH ,

p<;eponbH i<g sLH j bf fcbyhonbUN ncyw y;qonbH moonbH j

nbn,pcrnbH nmOkU nb~G ,G (William Whitehead) jv .jyhonmov i<goQ .jyhowq] nmOkU ;<GsZ (William Coaster) ,; yh h jnp<;MG ngT.<gy< (Long Tom Ostamas)N

rnhV , y;qonbH j tug;M> .jyhU nb~G ,G , boegH l mw

tucomn,yhooH bQgylnmoo> i<g , pp<;yG n,t<f;wnm jv .jynb i<g

hpg jv .jynb l mw nmvbov i<g hpn,oyov moonbN

.fEh> mdl hawnmoH j mw .wgonbU moonb<j~ i<g yMpd> .g

h mw yMpdj moonb<jkN

hsOH bkt,nmhtH ynbV h cLdpnhH g;gyfU mw vyd>] b<gtd yh

nmp vydH bGMU a hTco nb<hmhUN

o j phdpU bnhj (Marten Falls) , ljWckH , bxgnbH .c<;nmxMT owgp ;ng<N nmoa;H mdl mwvnbU lWvnbo Mx~ (Albany) ,h yh ,cnb<f;nbH i<g x; jv cjfH ox~ Q;V bgnmp jwvnbUN ,nho n,v j

jwkx;kHN

o j xvng,pU juht Mx~ qnlT ncyw o<s , mEnh bxgjwhH

.c<;nm xMT owgp onK<N p<xV tDhtU i<g JjvnbU .y Mx~N oQ jwh>

ojgwpnmpU lo;H , tEhkH , nm hnl .fgbyH mUHOE #AZ (EnglishRiver) nbLT ;ngJtgp b<jnm fcmhU Kjg> .v i<g aQV h mw ojgnbHNo j nbcypoH tFG moonbH , pp<hn, hawvH boro> Mxo>N j av

mwvrnbH , uJimnmktvH hawnmoH mwN , mEnh bxgjwhH .c<;nm xMT

owgp qUH h tqhkHN

jv jfyjpnhU .y bGMU a hawnmhtH h mw .jynmG ;CA! (Mr. G.B. Cooper)N DhnbwwnbH moonbH bUg h mgvH} nbLE bxg> h mgwvH jav g;wu<hpn,nbH] boj yh ;gjkH .gco<hpH j msdnbH , pgnm

bgn,vHN

DhnbwwnbH nmp bn,ohpH .g mUHOE #AZ (English River) hmgwvH nmp bcysH i<g x; .KUAZHN ep yh jun,E .v m<co> , nmgyvH

lnhU n,v av g;wjH .; jv .jy> bs<lphpHN ,h fcU , nm bjtvH .;

moonbH] tKnbV lwvnbuH (Albany) , mw faog;MvH] j mdovhd> ,hjv yMp.fJvH bQgylnmoHN lwvnbuH , .vvH x; j mw

oMgn,oyhonbnpHN

8

h mEnh cLd boevhdH bQgylnmU] boj moonbH j mndnbH jv

uJibjH h mndyhooH i<g j nmgynbhonbnpH , .fpjH fcbylnmoo>

gxE;V , p<;esgjH bQgylnmoo> mwp;MnbH i<g tso j oMsgnyH

boro>N tKnbV jv bkt,jwhH nbcl i<g p<xV , j<dognhH jv bf

jwgonbH] sLH x; jfcbynbhonbnpHN

, .Ej jwhH nmcvjWC o j phdpU boy hawnmhtH bUg mUHIE #AZ

(English River) i<g ;ng< , m<xvcoH , .g;wH o j .sdpU h mwKjgnbH boy Mx~N tp , bf .fgbyH lwvnbo Mx~] o j nbcypoH

bnhj moonbH ,h ,Enh h .v fcbyvH] Kjg> bUg , bxvH , amktvHN

h mEnh fcbyvH] aQV bUg h j mw hawkU j mw hawnbHN bnhjH yh j

bf mwvrnbH tp boy , bf nbcooH] tso , jEApgJvH .vyonbH

lwvnbuH , j .folvHN tp boy , bf nbcH jfcbynbhonbnpH jWvnbU

moonbH (Albany Indians) vc~ MxH h gwlvHN bGMU a nmp .ggn,htHj .sdpU qUH tp bxg> , m<coH , ljWckH .c.nm xMT , o<s;pjMGN

o j nbnmvm;poH nhH!T (Mr. G. W. Cockram) ,; yh csZMU (Mr. A. W.Patterson), h j tEnhvEhnbG nhH!y , jn,ov n,t<f;wnb<joH (England)N

boy , mEnh bxgjwhH h oho<gylvH h j nbn,pct;vH moonb

j pjEhsnbH akH , x<jDoH bGMU a .ggn,ht;HN ,;go h mw

bktponbHN j boevhdnb tp bom bq~ h j boevhdj bUd h j

.sgonbH] i<g oQ moonbH] bGsZ n,<O (Arthur Wesley) ,; yh nmOkT;GnmU (Wm. Goodwin) jun,E j bktnbH , pp<;evH , bkt<gyJvH i<g, bkt<gynbvH .footnbnb] , mndvH p<xV , tniogjH , agyvH

bQgylnmoo> i<g , p,ogjH h j mw to;vH jv .jynbN ep .v mgnbH

bfG moonbH .gtp.b<jnbH bUd bgnbx<hsnm xMH , mgvHN j

mdovhd> yh cfy tp xAphl jv nbn,pctvH .jyhpHN jfcbynbhonbnpH

boj moonbH .c.nmxMT , i.;pjMG i<g , okp;pjMGN

rnhV boy , mEnh bxgjwhH] j g;co> bGMU a .vyU moo>

(Innenew) , mwohdH , awG nDV .T<] h bkt,hpnbxG qhpE eJoH ,.vG (the Right Rev. George Holmes, the Anglican Bishop ofMoosonee)N

boy , yfpn,jwhH j y;WnbH moonbH i<g j bktg<gyhnmpU

bktnmU , moonbMpdHN ,nho yh , mndyhH+

odmpH .v j pp<;tfpU] . jv .jyhU] , j jfylotkH i<g ,

av nmvmkHN p<xV ojfyjMpU i<g ooptMpUN

9

nmp jv .jyhU o j .fo;pU jv pphvmktG .g og<jpH jpnb> ,

bcvmhnmLHN

,; yh odmpH .v j jv pp<;tfpU i<g h bkt,<gyfpU ,

bkt,<gnbjG ignmpU jv jw;HN j j nmvmpU ojfyjMnmopHN

gs jwh> ogktvhpU] , b<aoekH jv xyvmhnmkH nhk<hfMnmoH .v}

gwi h bkt,<gyfpU jv yEhnmMEh;LH jWyos .yEhnmMnmU i<g

.nmvmn,nmUN

i<g og<aoepU buV h mwp;MkH gwi boy jv mwp;MkH} oppU

i<g ognbwtwpoH] oh xfnhpU jWyos .gkt,nmht;H i<g jv pp<;yjG

vK< hjlN

tp j nmgyfpU , pp<;tgH dmpH .v jpnb> jv .jy> bs<lphpHN

p<xV j<dognhU .y bGMU a hTco hawnmU .g lwvnbuH h mgnhHN

ownp bkt,nmhtnhN akH hs[H bkt,nmhtH] akH yh qhpE bkt,nmhtHN

yhd.nhpL> cCcZG (Father Fafard) j .wg> gwlnm j<jubysnmhtH h mwhpn,oyvH nbLT owgp moonm bnbwq bkt,<nlnbH (Grey Nuns ofOttawa) bgnb mgnmoH h .vvH , hpn,oyvHN b;Mnmht;H mwhpn,oyhonbnpH moonbH m<x , b;MvH i<g x; bfG boj h jWkbnmvH

,h h j nmFnbvH .nb;yhonbnb , Ugnm xAowovN ytqnb i<g nhk<H

nb<hmhonbnp bom hs[H ,; yh qhpE bkt,nmhtnhN twjpnhU i<g

Kh<lognhU tMn, x; h mw bkt, bs<honbHN j tFfponbH h j

bprMhonbH h bkt,jwhHN ,nho i<g h mwpnhH qhpE bkt,nmhtHN gng

, bktvhonbH bUg boy h tqH bkt,nmhtH] h bkt,hpnbxG .T<

(Holmes) , bktvlG] gwi tFfponbU] hlgn, bktvlnbH i<g bojmoonbHN

o j phdpU lwvnbU boy ,nbcH] , .EjjwhG .c.nmxMT , onK

J;pjMG] , j bnbbJyjG bGMU a hTco yQn,iho vyoo>N ,; yh o j

jwn,cwpU p<xV , Jjun,H .vN onK< m<co> , .g;wH boy aknhU jwh>

h ?<hhekH eJonm Mx~N o j otgn,copU tp , nbcH] , oQjwhH]

xFpH , bf nb?kHN , avvnbH yh , ufH o j nmvm;pU jv tqhkH

eJonm to<f;H tggG tp bxg> , m<coH boy , ljWckHN o j av nmv

AMt;gU h bkt,hpnbxG .T< m<x , tqhkH ,nho h mw UgnbcyG bUMU

a hTco .jynb] enbG (Mr. J. G. Mowat) , mwohJov i<g j nmgyn,>, nm bktmvH boj l bkt<gynbvH moonb nbcoolN

10

, jWckH boy , q;;pjMG j pjEhsponbU akH , x<jDH bGMU a

hTco .nb<hmhoHN boj moonbH h j nbn,pctvH jv bkt<gylvH p<xV h

lgn,ognyH mdog;MnbH i<g nm boegnyH h av boegyvHN m<x , nmgyvH

h mndyhooH bQgylnmoo>] j mndnbH jv fx sgjH h mndyhooH

bQgylnmoo>N c@fOH yZH (Frederick Mark) h j .jyhonmmG boy hmEnh bxgjwhoH] j mnd> moonbH , tniogjH jv tovH bQgylnmoo>

i<g n,EhV , .v agvH i<g , tniogjH jv fx sgeG h mw e<dLogjH

i<g jv mgnhooH .pQn,nmoo> rnhLE nmpnb>N nDU fH (John Dick) nmpj mnd> akH lnhU h b<aoevH l tucom;vH moonbH l .vyhooH

bQgylnmoH] ,nhoy jv mgnhH j<jubysnmhtH l mw j<jubyJov

.gnbwtwnbnbN nDV gx< (George Teppaise) j mnd> , pp<;evH ,j<jMsg;vH jv .jynb i<g jv tovH moonbH Qokp] h Ugn,oyvH tFG h

b;MvH i<g h jfyjMvHN nhk<H j pEnlnbwbpoH i<g bkt,nmjy> .T< j

pp<;r>N ,nho h bf mw yMp.fJponbH , p<;esvhdH bQgylnmUN tp

boy , nbcH jfcbyhonbU i<g nmcV j jwgonbUN

eJonm to<f;H h mgvH moonbH] ,nb; boj ynbV h tnpwooj

.nmpvhonbnb i<g nhk<H , tvJvH , mwp;7vH h mwp;MvH nmp ;gjkH h

j av nbcyjvH ofgnpU , bktmskHN

, bf .g;wH , i.jwhH o j nmgy;ppH boj moonbH , j

nbn,pcyvH .. .jyhp i<g .jyhowq+ cIfOH yZH] Fp< SC] MtkU nhvhU

,; yh MtkU vp (Frederick Mark, James Job, Simon Quatchequan andSimon Cheena)N tMnbV jv y;WvH , bf .g;wooH] j mdovhd> jv toG.jyhU bkt,n,joo> rnhV boyN bGMU a .nb<hmhoH j mw y;Wmn,nbH

boj moonbHN , .g;wH ,;go h mw toG bkt,n,joo> .jyhU yZHN

t<gm xsE svhd> .g ynbvmsnmoHN h bkt,hpnbxG .T< jbkt> q;V xgy

j mooe> , bktvlG] moonbH yh , pEnlnbwbvH i<g , ohevH

.fwjwn,nmonbHN h bkt,hpnbxG j mnd<gygT ogktnmopU] yh .jyhU

yZH nhk<H j p<nlnbwg>N

rnhV boy mo;H .g h j mgkH] gwi j tFfnbH moonbH ,

bktvhonbH bkt,nmht;H i<g unhU h mw bcfMyhooH bkt,n,ohpH

.gkt, bcfMnmonb>] ep x; .g eJonm to<f;H] i<g bwV h j mw

wjmn,G bGMU a hTco i<g h mEnh j sdvH h bkt, bs<lvHN boj

moonbH eJonm to<f;H h .vvG] h j nmFnmktvH bx fxH m<;] gs g;E

, bktvlvH bUg h mw hawkH i<g , bkt, ohevHN o j yy<hdpU yh

.y , m<xv nbp> msdyhH bktbnmUN , vckf;jwhH .c.nmxMT ,

ak;qA;pjMG] j boevhd> mE;ohp<j~] i<g j p<;eponbU l mw

p,ogtm;vH boj moonbH i<g yh oppUN l mw mgnhH boy mE;ohp<j~

boevhd> .g yMpmhoH h bwg<nhmhdH h mw boevhdj mE;ohp<jkN

11

rnhV bUg h mgkH] j nbnbcdpU nb<hmhU h bkt,hpnbxG qhpE

eJoH h mw faogG] h mw gwl<cU ypN buV bnb h bkt,hpnbxG

ytsiogT gwlnm j<jubysnmhtH jv mpcgH l mw hpn,otvH moonm

bnbwqHN j nbnbcdpU jv b;MnmhtH m<nl> nDUMU (Miss Johnson) h mw.jynmGN

, yfpn,jwhH] .c.nmxMT , oQqA;pjMG] o j phdpU eJonm

to<fH oQqC tp bxg> , m<xoHN akH gnb<d> o j gwlpU eJonm Mx~

,; yh bx fxnm Mx~ p<xV , Jjvnbj cnb<fnhN cfy , yfpn,jwhH

.c.nmxMT , q;qA;pjMG] oQqC tp bxg> , m<coH h .fgbyH .Ej

nb<hmhU (New Post)N bxqwU .y hawnmhtH i<g ep Jj bcvg> bGMU ahTcoN , mw xj<fnlkH boy bx fx~ mw mgnhU boy bGMU a

hawnmhtH i<g p<xV tnpwU Ugtp.nmU .vN c@G (Mr. S. B. Barrett)mwohJ> bUg h .jynmGN ,;go ynbV jv nhk<H h j mw .fohnmkHN .;

.Ej nb<hmhU moonbH p<xV tniog;MnbHN j jwgonbU boy bQgylnmU ,

.Ej jwhH] owgp akH , mgs;pjMG i<g sLH j fcbynbhonbnpH boj

moonbHN tp j boevhd> gUg l mw mgnhH mE;ohp<j~N .g bwng<nhmhd>

h mw yMpdj mE;ohp<jkN akH hohoG boj moonbH] mK .rj< (EsauOmakess) , mwohJG ep .v mg> rnhV h boevhdH bQgylnmUN q;V jav g;wU rnhV h fcbyhonbooH i<g j nbcfpn,> , p,ogH h j mw

sgtov nmvoonbN nmp yh j nbn,pcyhonbU jv .jyhonmGN

tp UjAMpU bx fx KhmhoH , mwvrkH , ljWckH , oQjwhH

.c.nmxMT , owgp oQ;pjMGN .g;wH h bf .g;wH .jyhU j nmgy;pU

, j mdovhdH okpU bn,ohpU jv nmFnmktvH rnhV , xybyH bx fxnm

Mx~ n,K , cnb<f;nbH .vN bn,ohU ,h h j<logH , mwpnhooH .d

Mxo> ep hg oMsgT h j mw nmvmktvH .; bn,ohpHN , bjvhdH] akH

jwh> mo;H j bSnmco>N ep yh lnhU gjgy;pU .jyhU ep nbnbV jv

bqyjvHN nmpnb> x; j agnbH .tvttnb>N x; yh , nm nbcfpn,vH ,

tniogjH i<g yh , pp<;yvH n,t<f;wnmk<j jv .jynb i<g hpg jv

.jynb h j mw tusg;vHN cfy h mEnh ykEhyH ynbV h mw boyH] ,nho

cfy h phwktvH , bf .g;wH .c.nmxMT , owgp i.;pjMGN , bf

aQnbcgyH bx fxM~ bq~ bf prgonbU , moo<hH] i<g , j nbcyjvH

h .gcor<hplvH i<g .Ud#. hfcb<lvHN o j nbcypoH i<g boj h

.wgvH .gcor<hp> qA hpg b<jH i<g yh ft<ht i<g jn,fuH .Ud#.

.v (Transcontinental railway, and Timiskaming and NorthernOntario railways)N

, ljWckH .c.nmxMT , owgp qU;jwhn,MG o j .fg,pU bx fx

KhmhUN bGMU a .xAownm hawnmht;H p$< (Narrows) , mvhd> o j mwhawpU boy , .g;wH] cfy tp , nbcH , bf .g;wH o j .fdpU

12

hawnmhtH bx fxHN o j j<lodpU ,h jv nbcyjvH moonbH bUg tKnbV

.gtp.nm b<jnbH , msdvH o<gT , gnb<doH .c<;nm xMnyN j mgnbH

bgnmp bfG moonbH bUg hawnmht;H h j amktvHN j ynbvmsnbH oQ

tp bxg> , m<cooH , mEnh bxgjwhoH .c.nmxMT o<stgp akH ,

mgs;pjMGN j nmgynbhonbnpH yh lnhU n,v g;wpHN cfy jEnh uvgonbl

bQgylnmU] b<aoeponbU tp xAl] ep xgy bcgU jv boevhdH h

mwpnhH .y hawnmhtHN bGMU a .gs<lphp] nDV G@aZ (Mr. GeorgeDrever) j yMnp,> tMn, moonb bUg h gwlovN p<xV t<gm Uj nmvm;pUbUg bx fxH nDV G@aZ , hEjgG , .yEl;eG i<g , .vnaeG .vN n,K

boj moonbH onQLH , mw faog;MvH] nlaH ,; yh .Ud@.] j

mdovhd> jv tucoH jv cchpmvH i<g jv cLd nmvhdH ,h jv nbo

oMsvhdH ohU mdl i<g jv p,ovhdHN p<xV o j tniogtm;pU G@aZ

.y h j mw nmvmktGN

o j phdpU bx fx , ljWckH n,,nmxMT , .Eh;vHN , .EjjwhH

, i.;pjMG n,,nmxMT h g;wpH HPH hawnmht;H (Klock’s depot)N ,;ngJ;pjMG h .fgyH ,#a# (Haileybury)N , qUH;;pjMG n,,nmxMT yhnmp h .fgyH bgnb mgnmUN

bxwE yh j nm nmgyfpU go h mwpnmkH rnhV .y buV hx<jgkHN

j .fohd> boy b<j h j boevhdH bQgylnmoH] nbLE q;tgnp jW

tgstgp (90,000 square miles) hjl b<jnm fcmhUN i<g boy h jpjgonbH bfG moonbH jn,fuH lWvnbU xMH h mw mgnhooH .gtp.nm

b<jnb> ?MH , boevhdH qnbuH nbq. 9M i<g n,o<jnm Mx ,; yh

nbcuH mdl boy b<j~ p<;tsnmU o<s h mw faognhH] nbLE itgp

jWtgstgp (40,000 square miles) hjl b<jnm fcmhUN yy> 1]617moonbH jfcbynbhonbnpHN , bwgjtvH yh boj moonbH ,h h .v

fcbyvH ,h , .v mgvH .v i<g yh boj ,h h yMpJvH] nbLE 2]500

mgwnbHN rnhV boy h j ccbktkH] nhk<H Uj pphvgpU ,h jv bQgylkH

lnhU ,h h yMpdH ,h , nm pianmbjvH jv .jynbHN ep ;gH lnhU osv

bQgyhpU] UgnaLodpU i<g boj moonbH ,h jv mdogjH jv .fohdoH

b<jo> bnbMd boy mo;H h j yMpmhdH h j mw p<;evHN p<xV o j

tniodpU x; gUd h j msdkH , j j<dotktvH i<g gnaLotktvH

moonbH i<g jv fx sgyH h mw gnaLogjH moonbH l mw to;vH hpg

jv .jynbN b<aoeponbU jv p,ovhdH h j mw mE;ohdH b<j n,K ,nb;

boy ynbV h j<dognhH .g bQgylnmoHN oppU j nbn,pcdpU bom

mE;ohp<jk h mEnh bktbjvH moonbHN j hpnbcvhd> l mw tucom;vH

i<g yh ,h l mw nbpmn,yhH , .wgonbH .gcor<hp> i<g x; ;gH lnhU

ohU l svhdH jv bcfMnmoH mdl .g .y b<jN , lvp.ponbU ,h jv

ognmjvlvH .; moonbH] .. mE;ohp<jk] boy hbm<xDj .v] hg Jh<d>

i<g p<xV tniognyH jv .v xyv.nblvHN ep mgnhU lnhU l .v .w.yhH

13

.to<jnmE;d> bUg mE;ohoHN boy b<j h j mE;phdH] nbLE o<ng

tgstgp onKJtgp i. hjl b<jnm fcmhU m<xDnb xv pZG n,<G d#s#<

(Northwest Territories) i<g nbLE tgstgp okutgp hjl b<jnmfcmhU xv .Ud#. b<jHN , hpnbcvhdH boy b<j h j cjfohdH ,h

lnhU , mgnhH l xyv.nbhhonbH] tnpwnp .. mE;ohp<jk UdUdpUN

jfwvqbyfpU yMpmhU jvn, h j yMp.fJponbH m<x h .wgonbH

p<;tsnmU] i<g , yMpdj mE;ohp<jkN

o j<dodpU] . jv .jy>] h mw

ppmgenm bs<lpho<gygH

gUjU <nhG (Duncan C. Scott)Ktb_ <fnbZG (Samuel Stewart)gok_ yHyZfU (Daniel G. MacMartin)h j cceggvH bQgylnmoo>

mE;ohp<jk - bQgylnmU qUH - 1905

.KUAZH

xv .Ud#. b<jH] lwvnbU Mx KjH .v] phabuG yh mdl nbLE i.

b<j fcmhU xoE KUG nc~UG (Sand Point) m<;] tp KjH qnbuH mdlaGPZ< cG a (Pedlar's Path Bay) vh<H jonhU qnbuH mw tp bhtHmdl h mw ikH boy aGPZ< cG a (Pedlar's Path Bay) xoE nbcuHmdlhT boy chTvMpo Mx (Paukumjeesenaneseepee), tp qnbu> mdl}owgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH b<j~N

pZG n,<G d#s#< (Northwest Territories), bUg , .v jvgonbHphabuH mdl bGMU a hawnmht;H] g<gnmV h mw jwxfH boy o<gT

xga;E] nbcuH yh mdl tggG b<jnm fcmhU vh<H] tp jn,fuH mw

okutgp o<s hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH b<j~N

bcysH

pZG n,<G d#s#<] jv KjH .v jn,fuH mdlhT boy bcyG KhmhU]

vh<H , .v jvgonbH nbcuH mw tggG b<jnm fcmhU] .g yh .v i<g jv

KjH .v fxE;V uvtH jv mw fc<;mhdH] akH hjl b<jnm fcmhU akH

ak;du> , obpovH] yh jv m<xDH , hpnbctvH h mgwvH moonbH boy

.g<hiMnmUN

14

yZfU Cb_J< (Marten Falls)pZG n,<G d#s#<] lwvnbU Mx~] , .v jvgonbH akH qnlT b<jnm

fcmhU ogvnbU yZfU Cb_J< (Marten Falls) yh ;ng< b<jnm fcmhU ytHmw] o<stgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH b<j~N

mUHIE Mx~

xv .Ud#. b<jH] juht i<g x; mUHIE Mx~ (English river),o<s b<jnm fcmhU ogvnbU bGMU a hawnmht;H .v] mUHIE Mx~

hawnmhtH (English River post) h mvhdH] nbcuH mdlhT boy Mx~]ytH yh mw oQ b<jnm fcmhU] oQqC hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH

b<j~N

xga;H

pZG n,<G d#s#<] jn,fuH mdl boy jn,fuH Mx~] h .v c<lvnbH

yh , .v jvgonbH xoE vjV nmoa;H] jn,fuH yh mw tggG b<jnm

fcmhU] tgstgp tp itgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH b<j~N

eJonm to<fH

xv .Ud#. b<jH] nbcuH mdlhT boy eJonm Mx K>G CPC wxwE

(South Bluff creek) , .v jvgonbH] qnbuH yh mw ;ng< b<jnmfcmhU nbcuH mdlhT C@UV Mx~ (French river), ;ngJtgp ;ng< hjlb<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH b<j~N

.Ej nb<hmhU

xv .Ud#. b<jH] bUg , .v jvgonbH akH b<jnm fcmhU qnbuH

mdl boy nbcuH h mw jwxfH gnhghy KhmhU h mvhdH i<g x; tw

KhmhU (Big lake), obpi> b<jnm fcmhU uvt<htH mdl U: A<G (NewPost) bxfx MxH] i. b<jnm fcmhU jn,fuH mw] tp nbcuH mwobpi> hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH b<jHN

j cjfohdnb .. mE;ohp<jk , oMsvhdH jv .wgonbj r<hpnb l

ag<lvH .v m<x mdognhlN

gUjU <nhG (Duncan C. Scott)Ktb_ <fnbZG (Samuel Stewart)gok_ yHyZfU (Daniel G. MacMartin)h j cceggvH bQgylnmoo>

15

FT< a bQgylnmU - bQgylnmU qUHbgnb] .xybenm xMT , obp;pjMG 1906

h j<dog;MkU

jv Qokojy>

bgnb

. jv .jy>] .gs<lnmonb> jv .jy> bs<lphpH h uvgnb<cU yvH h

x<jgkH bx fx~ j mw jxvcoo>N ep .v hEjgonbU jv jwgonbH

bQgylnmoo> bUg ,h , mgvH boj moonbH hog wjtn,vH h nm UsgnhcU

bQgylnmoo>N aEjE yh i<g mgnbH ;gjkH moonbH h gwlnb<cU bGMU a

hTco hawnmht;H pZG n,<G d#s#< mdl] hpl nbLE o<s qUHnlE h

mgwvH h bwvcovH .g bQgylnmoH] , gwlvH .gcor<hpH xoE phabuH

:!U a (Heron Bay) m<;N

, nm boegyvH boj moonbH .ro> bQgylnmoo>] jv .jy>

bs<lphpH bgnb mgnmoH j .v jsdnbH , owgp oQ;pjMG boj xMTN j

bvbhonbnpH bfG bs<lphpHN t<sZ @ (Mr. T. C. Rae) yvV xAU h jpphvgG xTxJnmoo>] ep .v hEjg> tp jv nmvnbG jv .jy> bs<lphpN

t<sZ Ca_bT ,G;Z (Mr. Pelham Edgar) s!Us h .vG j tEnhfEhn,>N tp jbcvbhonbU t<sZ CapM (Mr. J. L. Vanasse) h .Knm awnhJG.jc.n,M>N ep .v hEjg> tp jv jsdG cZjUMU (Parkinson) , jmEcjtG .vN ;gjkH yh boj] ,nb; boj aknhU h j jsdnb<cU .gpH

xAUN

bx fx hawnmht;H (Fort Abitibi) , msgonbH ygnb .v] ,owgp o<s;pjMG boj xMT] hifkU cMxH .gcU (Canadian Pacificrailway) j bcgU , msgonbH ft<htH (Timiskaming)N vyU yh jEnh jbcgU , mwvyonbH U: O<;ZG (New Liskeard) i<g yh jn,fuH ft<htH(North Timiskaming)N j nbohthonbH onqQqC b<jnm fcmhU ncyw.fvhdH nlUM KhmhU (Quinze lake) l .v AMponbH , mwvyonbH bxfx hawnmht;HN

, ljWckH boj xMT owgp qUH j jw nbn,oponbU q;V ep Usv

AMpU n,K , ufHN , j nmvmktG t<sZ yHlH (Mr. McCaig), t<sZ H!H(Mr. R. H. Klock) .gs<lphp h .jyhgtov] Uj hEjgpU jv AMkH akH ,m<xvcoH , mEnh bxgjwhH G$d_ , mvhdH vyU , j mw AmkH] c#.Z

(The Barrier) , mwvrkH] tggG b<j fcmhU , m<xMpnhH] bUg o<gT lmw nbphtlkH jn,fuH mdl h j .v AMkHN ,;go h hawkH n,K , ju

jAghH MxH , ybAovH t<fnhHN

16

qUH tp bxg> , m<xvcoH , ljWckH , o<stgp;pjMG j qA

ybAonbH t<fnhH] ,nho h bf mw jvvrkHN , i.;pjMG KjchnmxMT] o<s

, m<xvcoH , mEnh bxgjwhH h tqhkH bUg hawnmht;HN

tFG moonbH j oho tqhnbH] q;V j mngonbU jv av g;wjH ;gjkH

nbLE akH i<g x; oQ jwh>N j mdovhd> yh jv amvH bojN rnhV ,

a.kH j yMnpbpoH boj l tovH Qokp i<g Us;up j nbct;nbH boj h

nm Us;m;MvHN

, onKJ;pjMG KjchnmxMT] h mEnh tqhvH boj h amvH] j

pjEhsponbU boy , mEnh bxgjwhHN j mdovhd> jv botcoH ,

.wgonbH bQgylnmU bUg bx fxH bfG moonbH bUg h cjgpgLvH xsE

, .g<lvH .vN aQpnhU nlaH b<j bUg bx fxH i<g .KT boj bUg h

cjgpgLvH nlaH b<jH , .vvHN moonbH yh j mdognyH] ,h .Ud#. jv

.jyH] yh hpg jv .jyH , .vcoH bQgylnmU] ,h xsE jv mw

hpnbctvH boj h gtp.vH .Ud#. b<jH i<g yh nlaH b<jHN o j

nmgynbpoH ,h , .v mgQnbfhnmkH jv tpjvH bQgylnmoo> nlaH

moonbH] i<g jv pjEhvH jv boegyvH bQgylnmoo> boj nlaH moonbH

hgtp.vH xv .Ud#. b<jHN j nmgynbhonbnpH nlaH moonbH fcU cfy

jv pjEhvH i<g jEnh yMp.fJngn, gUg l mw e<dLogjH jv mw mE;pyvH

b<jo>] hpg jv .jy> hg yv;pT] jq<xU j mjl] boro> b<jo>N

xsT mwpnhU .pQn,nmU .Ud#. jv .jyH h mwpnhH nmp nlaH jv

.jyH , hpnbcvhdj bom b<jk moonbH h bx<gjHN

.Ud#. b<jH nmp] j av uJimhd> h j mgQn,G .EhV .g h av

faogH bht jvht n,t<f;wnm jv .jy>] jv oMgn,ovhdj bom b<jk h

j av mw Ugtp.vH moonbH i<g oMgn,ovhdoH .fdog;Mnmonb> jv

fcbyvH , j .fpeG .g<jnb> .vN nbjV bom Qokp gs xAU h tovH]

nhk<H j pphvgonbU fcU jv mE;ohdj b<jk nmpnb> jv bcvgvH l mw

tucom;vH buV i<g ohU l mw pgn,ogjHN

nlaH b<jH yh nmp] .x<f;knm .pQn,nmU j uJimhd>] ,h ,

oMgn,ovhdH h mw fxpn,MvH moonbH b<jo>] yh jv .jy> , fxpn,MG

.ro> b<jo> , j t<hH i<g c<jplG .vN ep ,Enh .v .fpT jv .jy>

boro> b<jo> h bx<gtov moonbN

bom mE;ohp<jk h bx<gjH moonbH xv nlaH b<jH] ,nb; bom

b<jk h j cjfpjH aakH bn,ohpH i<g x; b<jk h j tovH bkt,

bs<lnmp jv hpn,ogynbvH bfG moonbH h ca<; gwlvHN i<g achU

17

.Ud#. b<jH j .fohd> b<j nbLE onq tgstgp o<stgp jWtgstg

(230]000) , mgfj , yynmfj hjl fcbhU b<jk moonbH l bx<gjHN

hpg jv .jy> i<g j .fol> mE;ohp<jk boj .v moonbH h nm

gwlvH bUg nrv h j mw .folnmG b<jo>N

j tuco> rnhV h pjEhvH .Ud#. moonbHN m<x nDV G@aZ (Mr.George Drever) , og bktnblG tFG moonm mwjwn,nmp] h nmgynbG hmndyhooH bQgylnmoo>] Pnm yHs;_ h bnbwwnmG (Louis McDougall,Jr.) akH bp h oho<gylG] j mnd> , p,ogjH h mndyhooHbQgylnmoo> i<g nhk<H jv uJibjH h mdyhooHN i<g hg ytwsgn,nbH

jv .jynb jv phgn,ogtov .gQgylnmoo>N boj moonbH j b<aoenbH

boro> b<jo> l mE;pyvH vjV tw KhmhoH jv mgnhooHN , hnlvtvH

;gjkH moonbH aknhU , mdogenbnl gxE;V bom h j bkt<gy;vH

bQgylnmoo> .v] j mndnbH , p<;evH i<g sLH jv yMp.fJ<gy;v h

bkt<gy;vHN oppU jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g boj h bkt<gynbvH moonb

UjyMp.fJpU bUg bQgylnmoH bwV ;gjkH bn,ohpH h j agjH h j mgvH

pjEhsnmoHN

ncyw bxgjwhH , obpi.;pjMG Kjchnm xMT] jfcbyhonbU aEjE

, nbn,UgT yMp.vH boj moonbH xv .Ud#. b<jH h mgnhooH .gtp.nm

b<jnb>N o j p,odpU , j tucoH h j mw bs<lkHN

, mEnh bxgjwhH] j nbn,pcyhonbU .jyhU i<g .jyhowqHN Ynm

yHs;_ h bnbwwnmG j .jyhonm>] tWU cpsv (Michel Penatouche) ,;yh bUgY yHs;_ (Andrew McDougall) .jyhowE j mgjyhonbnpHN

tp o j bktbpoH boj h bkt<gylvH , boevhdj mE;ohp<jk h

e<dLogjH moonbHN h j mw p<;eponbH b<jk .v .g bwg<nhmhdnbN h

mEnh pjEhsponbH] nlaH moonbH j nbn,iognyH gUg l mw mgnhooH

.foonb<jnb>N

h svhdH tp j svhd>] jy;qonbU] bkt,n,jU i<g , gcMpdH

bQgylnmU j tonbonbUN

h mEnh jwgkH ogcf<nmopU i<g Us;uU .gcfMnmU] o j AMpU ,

jWckH] , qUH;;pjMG Kjchnm xMT] nlUM KhmhoH (Quinze lake) ,mwvrkH] ,;go h tqhkH , .g;wH , oQqA;pjMGN

, o<sqA;pjMG , ljWckH h mEnh nbohtlkH nlUM KhmhoH .v

xoE jn,fuH ft<htH (North Timiskaming), ,; ,OaO (Haileybury) hmsggonbH vyUN , mEnh bxgjwhH , i.qA;pjMG PVAZG (Latchford) o

18

j .fdpU ft<htH i<g jn,fuH .Ud#. h mvhdH .gcU (Timiskamingand Northern Ontario) , bcvgkHN okpU panbH fyht (Temagami) ,.vvH i<g bfG moonbH ygvnbU , .vvH] bwV tWU cf<] pl h j

.jyhomG] j ynbvmsnbH , mEnh bxgjwhoH] i<g tp , nbcH ,

obuqA;pjMG ygvnbU j mwvypU , ybyH e#b_ Mx~ (Montreal river), mEnh bxgjwhH Kjchnm xMT , qU;qA;pjMG o j .fdpU ygvnbU

p<xV , j botMkH n,K , tFfj cnb<fnh i<g h m<xgftH .vN p<xV

tnpwU h mw mgnhH ygvnbU] , m<cyfpH e#b_ Mx~} h mw mEcyfpH ,

jv t<f;<hHN

j pjEhnbhonbnpH moonbH , mEnh bxgjwhH , owgp;pjMGN h j

svhdH x; tp j svhd>] j cLd nmgyhonbnpH h mndyhooH bQgylnmoo>

i<g j cjfphonbnpH jv hnlvlevH x; lnho> nb j<logjHN tWU cf<

(Michel Baptiste), , bkt<gynbG moonb] j mnd> , p,ogjH hmndyhooH i<g , j Ugn,ogjH jv yMp.fJ<gy;vH bn,ohpN ,; h

yMp.fJponbH i<g j mgnbH bn,phpH h j hpnbclvHN

owgo akH , gs;pjMG] onKJtgp qUH (79) moonbH j tphonbnpH

QokpN tWU cf< j nbn,pcyhonbU jv .jyhonmG] i<g , y;qonbH boy

, fx<hH] j tphonbU bkt,n,joo> i<g , j gcMpbeG bQgylnmoo>N

j boevhd> boy b<j~ boj moonbH h e<dLogjH i<g j

mdovhd> ,h lnhU , mgnhH l j xvmn,yhHN

, ljWckH , owgp o<s;pjMG j nbn,oponbU jv AMponbH ygvnbU

.v q;V cyf bnbMd i. , m<xvcoH , mEnh bxgjwhH h AMkH] n,K ,

j jv jenbocoHN

, bf jn,kH] e#b_ Mx~ o j xvng,pU xoE m<nl> ,cOU KhmhU

(Lady Evelyn lake) ,; yh gyht KhmhU xoE , g;wpH gyht <dwoHjxvnmUN .gcU o j bcvgpU bUg .v , msdkH x<;gMUH (Biscotasing),h j .v j sdkH , msdkH yght hawnmht;H (Fort Mattagami) ,; yhCPmU A<G (Flying Post) , msdkHN o j j<lodpU jv nbcyjvH x<;gMUHmoonbH qUH bQgylnmoH h mw faog;MvH aQV bUg h gwlvH rnh oxUN

, yfpn,jwhH] Kjchnm xMT , o<stgp;pjMG] owgp tp;wE

bnbMd i. , m<xvcoH , mEnh bxgjwhH h g;wokH x<;gMUHN ,;go h

bxkH , abjvH yght moonbH l j tqhnb<cU l msgm;kH yghtH q;V

cfy , .g;wH , o<s;pjMG .c<;nm xMT h tqhvHN

19

, ljWckH , i.;pjMG .c<;nm xMT h j sdkH yght , msdkHN

nbLE tggG ,<xvco> , ljWckH honKJ;pjMG .c<;nm xMT h .fgyH

hawnmhtHN tso nhk<H o j .fo;pU S?C tYZ (Mr. Joseph Miller) h.jynmG bUg hawnmht;HN UjnbcypU i<g bUg jv Us;uU ;Zf (Dr. W.Goldie) i<g nmvnlMnb s$Us h .vov] bnixnb;cU bUgN jv Us;uU ;Zfep .v bjgyn,> gs moonb h j nbct;G i<g eW j ti> Us;up mo;H h

j bkGN i<g rnhV bUg h mgkH hawnmht;H j nmv,> jv Us;up r~Ud_

(Meindle)N o j nbcypU i<g liG !< (Mr Kenneth G. Ross), jvbt<;jy> bUd mdl<htH] i<g tFG .gs<lphp h j av nmFnbov moonb ,

nm mgov bUg rnhV , .wgonbG bQgylnmoo>N

boj moonbH h j bQgynbjvH bUg yght] tso nhk<H nmpvhonbH

i<g tu xyfMnmp;MnbHN cLjp;MnbH i<g cLhoo> h mw gwlvHN tso

nhk<H Uj Usg;ppH , boegynbjvH bQgylnmoo>] , j mnd<gynmktG tYZN

gxE;V h j sgnbjvH ;gjkH moonbH] j cjfppoH xgy jv boegysvH

i<g jv hnlvlevH x; lnho> h mw nmgyvH bQgylnmoo>N

pj<h> j bktmsnbH moonbH ncyw .fpjH bQgylnmoo>N S?C wrlG

(Joseph Shemeket) , bkt<gynbG j mndnbH , p,ogjH h mndyhooHbQgylnmoo> i<g jv yMp.fJponbHN ngLH j yMp.fJponbU i<g boj h

j nbclvHN ,nho h bf mw fcbyhonbH i<g j jwgonbU boy , mEnh

bxgjwhH] jEnh j bf nbn,oponbH jv y;qonbHN j nbn,pcyhonbU i<g

.jyhUN bUgY YH yh j .jyhonm> i<g j tphonbU bkt,n,joo> i<g ,

yMpdoH bQgylnmoo> .fEh> tMn, bn,ohUN

oppU jv .jy> bs<lphpH lvp.pU jv p,ovhdH boy b<j~ h j

mE;ohdHN .g yMpd> h mw yMpdj mE;ohp<jkN

h qUH;;pjMG .c<;nm xMT h phgyH yght i<g , .g;wH h

ak;qA;pjMG h .fgyH x<;gMUHN o j bf jsgpU , mEnh bxgjwhH ,

oQqA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT CPmU A<G (Flying Post) , msdkH i<g jg;wopU nbLE ak;qC , m<xvcoH , obuqA;pjMG , bkt,jwhHN bg ,

bxwwvH boj x<;gMUH moonbH p<xV jwqn,MnbHN j tniognhU x<;gMUH h

.v j sdkH xoE CPmU A<G tp yh , av jn,kH , tniogjH , bcfMvH

boj moonbH i<g nmcV , j g;wpH h nm msdkHN j ynbvbhonbnpH

moonbH , ljWckH , ;ngQqA;pjMG] j nmgyhonbnpH , mndyhooH

bQgylnmoo> , mnd<gylG yHP>G (Mr. A. J. McLeod), bGMU abs<lphUN b~MH] akH bp h oho<gynbG moonb] , mnd<gynbG] mnd> ,

.fpjH h mndyhooH bQgylnmoo> i<g jv fx sgjH h mndyhooHN jEnh

j yMp.fJponbH , p<;esvhdH bQgylnmU i<g j yMp.fJnbH boj h j

nbcgjH , bQgysnmGN boj moonbH j nmgnyH gUg , mw e<dLogjH jv

20

mgnhooH .foonb<jnb>N yMpd> .g h mw yMpdj mE;php<jkN bocG

CPH b~<] (Albert Black Ice), jnbn,pcyhonbU jv .jyhonmG] i<g rnhV, y;qonbH j tphonbU bkt,n,joo> i<g , yMpdoH bQgylnmoo>N

x<;gMUH j msgonbU , ljWckH , onKJqA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT i<g bUg

j g;woponbU , mEnh bxgjwhH , qUH;qA;pjMGN , ljWckH ,

owgp;pjMG j fcbynbhonbnpH CPmU A<G i<g yght moonbU h gwlvH

x<;gMUHN

j nbnmvm;pU bZT <G!UH (Mr. J. E. T. Armstrong) h .jynmG bUgbGMU a hTco bgn,ht;H] i<g tso , phvbG moonbN moonbH bUg h

gwlvH] <coE MxH (Spanish River), n!xUMU bQgylnmoH h mwfaognhH] mdl .vnbH i<g ;gjkH CPmU A<G ,; yh i<g yght .vnbHN

,;go , mw bcfMvH , cen,pvH hnhEnlxvlov] i<g b<h> , bcfMvH

gEjAvhoHN pmcom;onb i<g .gnbwtwnbnb jv j<jubyJov jv

Qokojynb , fcbtov] i<g yh , j<jubytv gxE;V h mw j<jubyvH

n,t<f;wnm bnbwqHN

o j jsgpU qCY , msdkH i. tp qUHnlE , m<xvcoH , mEnh

bxgjwhH i<g j g;wopU onK< , m<xvcoH , .g;wHN ,;go h nbcyjG

nDV .T< (Right Rev. George Holmes) h bkt,hpnbxG eJoH] ,; yhcUfUH (Rev. C. Banting)N , mw hEjgvH j nmvm;pU jv j uvgkHogcfMnmopUN p<xV i<g t<gm Uj nmvm;pU b<fU (Mr. J. M. Austin)n,EhV , .v j<loyG moonb bUgN

ep .v .wgonbU bQgylnmU bUg qCY n,K boj moonbH bUg h

gwlvH eJonm to<f;H] mUHOE #AZ (English river) i<g xsE mwfaog;MnbH bUd bq" h j mw .wgonbooH bQgylnmoo>N h mEnh

yMp.vH gUd n,vvH] ,; h tovH Qokp , j<jJtvH aEjE mdog;Mnmoo>

h bwvcooH , .fpvH bom QokpN

unhU h mw yMpdj mE;ohp<jk , bxqwooj b<jk h j tovH

.vnanbH i<g .yEl;nbHN tqo> b<jo> h j mE;pyvH h mw faog;MvH

nbLE xv .Ud#. b<jH] i<g j mdovhd> bxwE jv tovH b<jo> l j

mw nb<hmhohJvH i<g ognmjvlvHN b<jo> h j tovH .vnanbH bf

bp<;fU bUg b<jH h j tovH moonbH n!xUMU bQgylnmoH h mw

faog;MvH i<g bq~ t<gm , ytnpwgonbHN

h mEnh fcbyhonbH qCY] ,; h j sdkH , .g;wH , owgp

oq;pjMG tMpx~ , msdkH] i<g obpi> , m<xvcoH , .g;wH

hg;wpHN j<dognhU .y mgnmU n,K ,;go n,v jsgonbH eJonm to<f;H

21

i<g FT< a , msgonbH , uJimhdH tMpx~ Mx~N gj .fvhd> i<g

tvx;fU (Michipicoten), Mx#.Z jv KhmhoH .vN

h bkt,hpnbxG .T< (Holmes), , nmFnm;G bkt,nmjynb .nmU<(Rev. Mr. Ovens) i<g nmjyhoo> bwV yh oQ m<nlnbH l j nmFnmktngcUU: C!U<nmH b>< (New Brunswick House) m<;] eJonm to<f;H , msdvH]j av g;wnpH tMpx , ljWckH , owgp o<s;pjMG .c<;nm xMTN tFG

jwhnb j am;nbH .nmFnbhonbnb i<g , .nho h bf mw jsdvH h mEnh

g;woovN U: C!U<nmH b>< j .vvrnbH h j av pg.nmktvH i<g cfy ,

.g;wH h owgp o<sqA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT h tqhkH tMpxHN cfy tp

UgnbV , nbcH , owgp i.;pjMG h AMkHN

, mEnh bxgjwhH owgp okpU .c<;nm xMT h tqhkH U: C!U<nmH

b><N DhnbwE j onhoEhnb j oho tqhnbH h bkt,hpnbxG i<g

.nmFnbhpN jn,fuH mdlhT tMpx KhmhU mw mgnhU boy hawnmhtH i<g

p<xV tupnhU bUg .vN

j ynbvbhonbnpH moonbH , .g;wH i<g j nmgyhonbnpH h

mndyhooH bQgylnmoo>N m<x , hnlvtvH , mgnhuonl lnho> nb mndvH

i<g x; nbhnlvlevH] , mnd<gy;vH H#<fnb (Mr. J. G. Christie) bGMUa bs<lphp] j mndnbH , p,ogjH h mndyhooH l mw tovH i<g j

pgn,ognyH sLH jv yMp.fJvHN sLH j yMp.fJnbH bQgylnmoH jv .jy>

bs<lphpH] okpU .oho<gylnbH i<g ;ng< h j nbclvH , yMp.fJnmGN

nbLE tgstgp moonbH j tphonbnpH Qokp owgp okpU , mgs;pjMGN

bOH xjd (Alex Peeketay) j nbn,pct;> moonb jv .jyhonmGN jtphonbU bkt,n,joo> i<g , yMpdoH bQgylnmoo> rnhV , y;qonbH

, .g;wH , owgp ;ngJ;pjMGN j pjEjsponbU , boevhdH gUg l mw

mE;ohdH b<j~N .g h mw yMpdj mE;ohp<jk mw yMpd> boy b<j~ h

mE;ohdHN

h mEnh jwgkH ogcfMnmopU i<g h mEnh jwgG Us;uU .gcfMnmU]

,; h jsdkH , ljWckH owgp okpi.;pjMG tMpx , msdkH i<g j

g;wpoU bUg , mEnh bxgjwhH , owgp Q;;pjMGN

q;tgp okpi> eJonm to<f;nm moonbH h gwlvH tMpxH j

tphonbnpH Qokp , o<stgp;pjMGN

, o<stgp ak;;pjMG ,Z@U a (Heron Bay) o j mw jsgpUN,;go h .v jsdkH nPUH IH (Long Lake) , msdkHN oQqC tp bxg> ,mEnh bxgjwhG boy , jwhH h g;wpH ,Z@U aN cfy , mEnh bxgjwhH

tp boy , nbcH h t<hyH vyp l j bcvgkHN qnlT ncyw okpU yh

22

m<xvco> h jsdkH bUg .v , msdkH bUd yvV boy hawnmhtH h nm

msdkHN

p<xV boyU , msdonbH nPUH IH q;V rnhV .y h m<xgkH bvlU j

boyU n,K , j cnhH xH Mx~ (Pic river)N , jWckH , obpi.;pjMGh .fgyH boy hawnmhtHN G@r~U (Mr. H. A. Tremayne) bGMU abs<lphU] nmjyhp ,; yh .gowq o j nmFnm;ppH boy rnhVN

o j pjEhnbppH boj moonbH , qUH;;pjMG .c.nm xMT] i<g j

p<;esgnyH bQgylnmoo>N xdU d~YZ (Peter Taylor) h j bkt<gynbGmoonb] j mnd> , p,ogtov h mndyhooH bQgylnmoo> i<g ,

tniogjH jv tovH Qokp gxE;V h mw tphonmov .sdtnbnb n!xUMU

bQgylnmoH] i<g yh jv tovH b<jo> l fxpn,MvHN tgstgp o<stgp

okpU moonbH j tphonbnpH QokpN tso nhk<H j boevhd> b<jo> l

mE;pyvH i<g ep osv qnloepU jv cjfpyH boro> h pgn,ogjHN

moonbH bQgylnmoH qUH h mw faog;MvH j mndnbH , pgn,oyvH

inbvjj<nbxK (Newatchkigigswabe) n@xUMU bQgylnmU .jyhU] jv.sjyhotvH n,K tKnbV boy , j av hpnbcyvH n,EhV x; .vN j

p<;yhonbnpH yh i<g rnhV , y;qonbH , .g;wH h qU;;pjMG j

tphonbU bkt,n,joo> i<g , yMpdoH bQgylnmoo>N , bf jEnh

y;qonbH] .jyhU j bkt> , pp<;yG jv .jynb h j mw tovH nPUH IH

moonbHN j mnd> boj moonbH gs xAU h j tovH Qokp p<xV

tniognyH , j<logjH aknhU , mw hpnbctvH h mw hpnbcyhonmov

nmvoonbnbN j b<aoe> jv nmvbhonmov .g;Mtnbnb i<g bom h j

jfyjMov] bg tKnbV rnhV , twlognhH uvtH bhnbV x; xyvmfJponbU

i<g ep j nbnmvmsponbUN , pEnlnbwmG] .jyhU j mghonbU jv .jy>

eqH , mw hEjgG nm nmvbG bom ynbV l nmvmtfcU i<g yh q;V

mdog;MvH moonbH , mw hEjgvH jv nmvmfJvHN

,; h jnbonbH , mEnh bxgjwhH , tgs;pjMG .c.nmxMT i<g j

g;wponbH ,Z@U a , .g;wH , i.qA;pjMGN ,;go h jwgkH

ogcfMnmopU bQgylnmU .v , tpjvH Qokp mUHOE Mx~ moonbH h

gwlvH nyUfKTAZG (Montizambert)N

o tniodpU jv nmgygH , nbcfpn,vH moonbH gsLH h j mdskH

, gnaLoyvH jv .jynb , j tu .foktvH i<g yh , oMgn,ogjH jv

tucom;vH h j mwtovH bQgylnmoHN

i<g opp<;epU , j oMgn,ot;kH i<g nmvm;kH bGMU a hTco

bs<lphpH i<g nbxwwpH (Revillon Frères)N

23

qUnh tgstgp tp okuqC moonbH j fcbynbhonbnpH yy> tMn,

bom gsLH h j boegyHN !T<fU (J. G. Ramsden) h j nmvnm;kH , oxH1905 j fcbyn,> onq jW tgstgp tp itgp onK< (2]047) moonbN ,;

yh hg j mngonbU nbLE o<ng jW tgstgp (3]000) , mgwvH moonb bUg

bQgylnm b<jHN

bwgMpd> .g yMpmhoH bQgylnmU i<g , j yMp.fJponbH , j

jwgonbH i<g bwV bom mE;ohp<jkN

oppU

gUjU <nhG (Duncan C. Scott)Ktb_ <fnbZG (Samuel Stewart)yHyZfU (D. G. MacMartin)h j cceggvH bQgylnmoo>

mE;ohp<jk - bQgylnmU qUH - 1906

bx fx

.Ud#. b<jH] penbphT bx fx KhmhU] nbcuH yh mdl h mw

jwxfH tOjU fcb<hU (Milligan Township) , .v jvgonbH] ,uJimhdH vh<H nbcuH mw] xoE hnlnl<jvnbH MxwE (Current-running-both-ways creek) m<;] boy b<j h mgnhH g<gnmV boy MxwE ,; yhnbcuH mdl h mw jwxfj yOjU i<g y;_ (McCool) fcb<hp] qnbuH yhvh<H , .v jvgonbH] o<stgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDHN

ygvnbU

.Ud#. b<jH] uvtH mw] i<g jn,fuH mdl ygvnbU hawnmhtH] h

mw KhmhonmfH MxwE , .v jvgonbH g<gnmV jn,fuH i<g phabuH

mdl sZsZ KhmhU (Turtle lake) phabuH mdl qnbuH yh mw] ;ngJqChjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH b<j~N

yght

.Ud#. b<jH] phabuH mdl yght KhmhU] o<s qUHnlE b<jnm

fcmhU bhtH mdl bGMU a bgn,htH] , uJimhdH KhmhU jn,fuH mw

i. b<jnm fcmhU] owgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH b<j~N

24

CPmU A<G (Flying Post).Ud#. b<jH] bxg> b<jnm fcmhU qnbuH mdl h;ngJ fcmhikH

cnb<fH (Six-mile rapids) , .v jvgonbH] nbcuH mdl H!UG 'bH Mx~(Ground Hog river) ,; yh i. b<jnm fcmhU qnbuH mdl] owgp o<shjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH b<j~N

.vnanbH - qCY

.Ud#. b<jH] tgstgp ;ngJtgp fcb<hp , yynm hjlfj i<g yh

qnbuH mdl boy b<j~ h j tovH n!xUMU bQgylnmU moonbH] akH

b<jnm fcmhU qnbuH qCY mgnmUN

eJo to<fH .yEl;nbH - qCY

.Ud#. b<jH] tgstgp ;ng< fcmhp<jk .fEh> l#a<nhwEwH Mx~

(Kerebesquashesing river)N

U: C!U<nmH b>< (New Brunswick House) .Ud#. b<jH] h .v c<lSnbH akH wxwE ,h , nmvhdH] phabuH

mdl tMpx Mx~] nbLT bxg> b<jnm fcmhU g<gnmV qnbuH ,; yh

phabuH bGMU a bgn,htH .v] tp yh i. b<jnm fcmhU jn,fuH mw]

nbLE iwgp onK< hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH b<j~N

nPUH IH

.Ud#. b<jH] xga;wE Mx~ KjH nPUH IH .v] vh<H i. b<jnm

fcmhU qnbuH mw] nbLE iwgp onK< hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH

b<j~N

j cjfohdnb .. mE;ohp<jk , oMsvhdH jv .wgonbj r<hpnb l

ag<lvH .v m<x mdognhlN

gUjU <nhG (Duncan C. Scott)Ktb_ <fnbZG (Samuel Stewart)gok_ nDC yHyZfU (D. Geo. MacMartin)h j cceggvH bQgylnmoo>

25

FT< a bQgylnmU - bQgylnmU qUH

h mndyhH bQgylnmU h j .wgonbH i<g jwgonbH bom jwhnb .g

h j boevhdj 1905 xAph>] h j bQgysvH n,t<f;wnm jv .jy> bht

jvhtH h .vG] , bkt<gy;G .gs<lphp] gUjU hTA_ <nhG] bgnb mgnmoH h

.vG] Ktb_ <fnbZG] bgnb mgnmoH h .vG] ,; yh gokU nDV yHyZfU] AZG

(Perth) mgnmoH h .vH] ,; yh .vnanbH] .yEl;nbH i<g ;gjkH moonbHh gwhsgjH boro> b<jo> .g h boevhdoH] , j bkt<gy;vH

.sjyhotnb> i<g h oho<gy;vH+

n,K moonbH] h gwhsgjH boro> b<jo> .g h boevhdoH] , j

ynbvmvH pph> gwlnmoH h j nbn,pcgeG rnhV , xTcoH 1905 xAph> jv

pjEhnbvH hpg jv .jy> bs<lphp] , bkt<gynbov bht jvht jv .jynb]

jv boegynbvH bom lnhp h nm boegy;ov bht jvht jv .jynbN

i<g yh] boj moonbH j nmgy;nbH jv .jy> bs<lphp , e<dLogH

jv .jy> jv yv;pH b<jo> .g h boevhdoH .. .v+ gwlnmU] ag<lnmU]

bgn,nmU] epmQokpMpmn,nmU] ugfnlnmU i<g ;gjk sgenmp l svhdjcU h

mdogH jv .jy>] i<g jv p<;evH moonb h gwhsgjH boro> b<jo>

i<g jv bQgyvH i<g nbn,p<gyvH jv mgnhH hkrogenmU i<g tunb;tsnmU

rnhLE moonbH i<g ;gjk jv .jy> .fooy] i<g jv j<logtov bom

moonb h faoyG i<g lvp.ov jv bkov bom lnhp l to;ov jv

.jynb .jWnbfMnmooH .vN

i<g yh] boj moonbH h gwhsgjH boro> b<jo>] jv pjEhsvH

bUg pph> gwlnmoH l mw nbnmgyvH] i<g , j c;?ot;vH jv .jy>

bs<lphp jv nbn,pcyvH .jyhp i<g .oho<gylnb l bkt<gy;vH rnhV ,

bktponbH i<g l p<;enbMpml<gy;vH bQgylnmoH .g h boevhfoH]

i<g jv lvp.ponbH moonbH jv fx sgjH h mw pgn,ot;vH jv .jynb]

i<g yh ,; moonbH jv oMgn,oyvH bom .jyhp i<g .oho<gylnb .g

h yMpJovN

i<g yh] boj jv .jy> bs<lphpH j bf boegyn,> bQgylnmoo>

.vnanb] .yEl;nb i<g ;gjk moonb] h gwhsgtov boro> b<jo> .g h

boegeH] i<g boj moonbH j p<;esgnyH i<g jwgnbH boro> bUg bom

jwhnb .g h boevhdj] .; yh moonbH buV cjfpen,nbH hpg jv

.jynb] , bot<gynbov bjt jvht jv .jynb i<g l bf bo<lEh;ov]

tMn, .faogenmonb> i<g .tucom;nmonb> boro> .v b<jo> .g h

boegeH] boy h mvhdH+ boy b<j~ .Ud#. b<j~H h mgnhH] qnbuH

mdl h m<’ m<c<hthH i<g jn,fuH mdl boy b<j~ h j cjfohdH ,

26

bcfj !xUMU Ma#.Z bQgylnmU 1850] ,; yh !xUMU L!U bQgylnmU 1850]

nbcyH ,; yh jn,fuH mdl boy .Ud#. b<j~ gxE;V h mw mndyhH

.pQn,nmU] ,; yh phabuH mdl q;V nbcuH mdl boy b<j~ h j

cjfohdH bQgylnmoH o<s h j bcgH} boy yh b<j~ q;tgnp jW

tgstgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH bUg nbLEN

i<g yh] moonm fclog;Mnmp] fxpn,Mnmp] i<g tucomn,nmp h

mgnhj tMn, xsE b<jH xv .Ud#. b<jH] nlaH b<jH] yosc b<jH]

jn,fu<htH] i<g bUd xsT hpg b<jHN

p<xv jv bkG i<g yv;pH bht jvht jv .jy> i<g bom l bf

bo<lEh;GN

i<g bht jvht jv .jy> bQgyn,> bom moonb jv hEjgov jv

pgtp.ov] nbpmlov i<g ugr?ov tMn, x; bUg b<jH h j cjfpeG

q;V jv uJimhdH .pQn,nmU b<j b<h> l mgQn,G hpg jv .jy>] ,

bs<l<gnbG bht jvht jv .jynb] i<g jv yv;ohdH i<g jv j bkonbH

boy b<j l mw pgn,ognhH b<j b<h> nbn,pxnmU] epmQokpMomn,nmU]

ugfnlnmU] bgn,nmU i<g x; ;gH lnhU .vN

i<g bht jvht jv .jy> bQgyn,> i<g hg chopT mE;ohp<jk gs

ak;nbU moonbH .v] akH hjl b<jnm fcmhU akH ak;dnmMnmU ,

obpovH] i<g x; boy jv fccvhdH , tFfponbH i<g x; ,

DhnbwwponbH ak;dnmMnmoH} i<g l mw mgnhj bom mE;ohp<jk , j

nbn,pcgjH jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH gxE;V h

mw mndyhH .g h mw yMpdj mE;ohp<jk] jv fc<nhmhdj i<g cLd

nmvhdH] m<x lvp.ponbl .. mE;php<jk hg yv;pen,> i<g pphvgen,>

bht jvht jv .jy> l mw tucom;ov moonb ,h jv .fpyJG]

fcmefpyhlG i<g x; pphvgylG .Ud#. jv .jy>N

dxpH bht jvht jv .jy> nmp , mw KaogH jv sgnbG bom h

aggxov xv mE;php<jH moonbH h j tphonmov} i<g yh bom

m<;ohp<jk i<g ;gjk lnhp bUg h mgnhj] jv j bgmnlG i<g x; cjfpH

bht jvht jv .jynm bs<lphU boro> b<jo> moonbH h j tovH l j

bcvgvH i<g tucom;vH q;V xgy jv hnlvtvH i<g p<;evH jv cjfpjH}

i<g yh boj moonbH ep nmp> WlU hg hEjgnbH jv bgnblvH i<g x;

cjfpjH h boetvH bom mE;php<jk h j tovHN

tp yh bht jvht jv .jy> i<g .fooy p<;tsnbH c<j bom

mE;phpEjk i<g ;gjk b<jk h j boevhdj x; m<x pgn,ovhdnhn,

bs<l<gylnmU .v] nb<hmholnmU] .gcor<hp> i<g x; l; r<hp> .v hg j

27

cjfQnbgT hpg jv .jy> boy .v] jv fcbyvH yh moonbH mo;H l

m<comn,yhH boy h .wgonbH] h mgjdoH boro> mE;ohp<jo> h j

.fpeG mo;H jv tongcU b<jo>] Qokp i<g x; xsE lnho>

i<g jv nbcfpn,G bht jvht jv .jy> , p,ogtm;G h mw

sgtov .fooy] , j cjfptov tMn, .gpH h j av fxpn,Mov] buV

.g p<;e>] , bcvgG .gs<lphp jv toH aakH bn,ohU obpi.nbg~

QokpN

bht jvht jv .jy> i<g bQgyl> tp xAool] i<g rwnhU xAU

hjl] jv tovH .; moonb Qokp] x; gUg i<g m<x~ pmcol] h mEnh

nmgyvH .; moonbH] inbg~ Qokp] i<g yh] cfy x; lnhU jv mjl] bp

QokU jv toG bp hoho,gylG ak;dnmMnmoHN

tp yh] bht jvht jv .jy> p<;e> gs .jyhU] h mEnh

p<;enbMpbH bQgylnmoo>] jv toG bkt,n,joo> i<g , yMpdoH

bQgylnmU l bcvgov .fooyN

tp yh] bht jvht jv .jy> p<;e> jv fcbH .sfMnmoo>

.j<jubylnb l j<jubynbov .gnbwtwo> .. moonbH i<g yh jv

cjfpH j<jubysnmhtnh i<g j<jubylnm bcvgnmp l mw mgQn,ov hpg

jv .jynbN

i<g .; h yMp.fJvH .vnanbH] .yEl;nbH i<g ;gjkH .jyhpH i<g

.ohoMhylnbH] , bkt<gyJvH i<g bkt<gynbvH tMn, bom moonb h

bkt<gynbvH] buV bQgylnbH jv fx sgjH h mndyhooH bQgylnmoo>

i<g nhk<H jv xyfMvH , .foot;vH bht jvht jv .jynbN

bQgylnbH i<g jv uJibjH i<g fx sgjH tMn, mw .pQn,nmoo>}

i<g jv hLr nmv xyfMtsvH i<g nmv xyfMyvH ;gjk moonb i<g hpg

jv .jy> .footo> ep nbLE mjU moonb] n,t<f;whp] i<g x;

n,t<f;wb] buV .y h xAH h gwhsgtov i<g x; l bf gwhsgtov

bom b<jk h j cjfpeH} i<g ,h jv t;EhvbvH bn,ohp i<g x;

.gkoo> h gwlov bUg b<jH h j bjfpeH i<g x; bUd xsE b<jH i<g

x; ,h jv nbpmG bn,ohU h xedov bUg b<jH i<g x; bUd xsE b<jH

i<g jv nmvbvH jv .jy> bs<lphp , hvfpov i<g , fc<;pov moonb

h x;ptov h mg<doH .ro> bQgylnmoH i<g x; nbpgG .pQn,nmoo> h

bcvgnmG bUg b,JH h j cjfpeHN

28

i<g yh oMgn,ovhd> .y bQgylnmU .g h bwg<nhmhdH h j

.wgonbH , o<s;pjMG .c<;nm xMT 1905 i<g p<;esgjH hpg jv .jy>

i<g .Ud#. jv .jy>N

h j nbcgjH] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH .; yh

.oho<hynbH j yMp.fJnbH .g yMpmhoH bUg mgnmoH i<g bom jwhnb

boy , xAH .g h j boevhdHN

j yMp.fJnbH .KUAZH , oQqA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT 1905] bht

jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH ,; yh .oho<gylnbH .fEh> ..

h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH

.ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+ gUjU hTA_ <nhG

gy< HY<fU @] bGMU a hTco Ktb_ <fnbZG

bs<lphU gokU nDV yHyZfU

bOH nDV y"Ud_] Us;uU tKa .aynbMpmhU XDa< nmOkT< bGMU a gy< tKa .aynbMpmhU X yMpmhp h uvgG nDV nbnb<hUH .aynbMpmhU X

HnmbE .aynbMpmhU X p.jMH .aynbMpmhU X .TcE .aynbMpmhU X dxG <hUH .aynbMpmhU X nDU <hUH .aynbMpmhU X ngy< cpv< .aynbMpmhU X

j yMp.fJnbH bcysH , q;qA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT 1905] bht jvht

jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH .fEh> .. h j

hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

ccZG] yhd.nhpL> gUjU hTA_ <nhG

gy< HY<fU @ Ktb_ <fnbZG

bOH nDV y"Ud_] Us;uU gokU nDV yHyZfU

;ZfU/ bG9u a L<u .aynbMpmhU XnDV pr .aynbMpmhU X

nmpUhM G@H .aynbMpmhU XnDV nlM< .aynbMpmhU XhGDUH .aynbMpmhU Xeob< .aynbMpmhU XS ;GnmU .aynbMpmhU X

29

,cPbT bGYhU .aynbMpmhU Xb# .EjojE .aynbMpmhU Xub owpa< .aynbMpmhU XnDU bEcpnlEhT .aynbMpmhU XFhC nbAE .aynbMpmhU X

j yMp.fJnbH bnhjH (Marten Falls) , owgp obp;ojMG .c<;nmxMT 1905] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g

.oho<gylnbH .fEh> .. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh

mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

gy< HY<fU @] bGMU a hTco

bs<lphU

gUjU hTA_ <nhG

bOH nDV y"Ud_] Us;uU Ktb_ <fnbZG

Ktb_ b~JzbC gokU nDV yHyZfU

nmObT nb~G,G .aynbMpmhU XnmObT ;<sZ .aynbMpmhU XdxG hpa<nmG .aynbMpmhU X.<gy< nPUH ngT .aynbMpmhU XnmObT nmUDH .aynbMpmhU X

j yMp.fJnbH lwvnbuH (Fort Albany) , o<s;pjMG .c.nmxMT1905] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH

.fEh> .. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g

cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

gy< HY<fU @] bGMU a hTco

bs<lphU

gUjU hTA_ <nhG

csZMU Ktb_ <fnbZG

HbH!T gokU nDV yHyZfU

bOH nDV y"Ud_] Us;uU DZO <fxU .aynbMpmhU XS?C csZMU cG#H <fxU .aynbMpmhU Xto HbH!T dxG nDV nmU .aynbMpmhU X

bUG$ n,<O .aynbMpmhU XFhC b~d_ .aynbMpmhU XDU n,<O .aynbMpmhU XKxL xiwE .aynbMpmhU XxdU Kho .aynbMpmhU XnmObT ;GnmU .aynbMpmhU XKT <nhG .aynbMpmhU X

30

j yMp.fJnbH eJonm to<f;H (Moose Factory) , qU;;pjMG.c.nm xMT 1905] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g

.oho<gylnbH .fEh> .. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh

mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

nDV eJo gUjU hTA_ <nhG

gy< HY<fU @] bGMU a hTco bs<lphU Ktb_ <fnbZG

nDU nDV enmG] bGMU a hTco bs<lphU gokU nDV yHyZfU

gy< AZG b_PU MtkU <ny_nc~ .aynbMpmhU XvT< cZjUMU nDV gx< .aynbMpmhU X

,U# ?~YZ , moonbMpmlG

DU p;v , moonbMpmlG

DU fH , moonbMpmlG

MtkU nhvhU , moonbMpmlG

nDU FA#< , moonbMpmlG

c@fOH yH , moonbMpmlG

,U# :gC .aynbMpmhU XMtkU vp .aynbMpmhU X

j yMp.fJnbH .Ej nb<hmhoH (New Post) , owgp ak;;pjMG.c.nmxMT 1905] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g

.oho<gylnbH .fEh> .. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh

mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

gy< HY<fU @] bGMU a hTco bs<lphU gUjU hTA_ <nhG

MGi CIUhZU c@G bGMU a hTco

bs<lphU

Ktb_ <fnbZG

S?C Ynm ciM gokU nDV yHyZfU

bUj< nmpEH .aynbMpmhU XnDU YH .aynbMpmhU XnmObT jkEH .aynbMpmhU X

j yMp.fJnbH bxfxH (Abitibi) , onKJ;pjMG KjchnmxMT 1906]bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH .fEh>

.. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH

.ro>N

31

h j hpnbclvH+

nDV GQAZ gUjU hTA_ <nhG

bOH nDV y"Ud_] Us;uU Ktb_ <fnbZG

a_bT ,G;Z gokU nDV yHyZfU

Ynm yHs;_ h jWkbnmG .aynbMpmhU

XbUG$ yHs;_ .aynbMpmhU X._G v< .aynbMpmhU XtWU apsV .aynbMpmhU XPnm yHshJ

bndU apsT

j yMp.fJnbH ygvnbU (Matachewan) , owgp;pjMG Kjchnm xMT1906] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH

.fEh> .. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g

cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

a_bT ,G;Z gUjU hTA_ <nhG

nDV nyUfG Ktb_ <fnbZG

bOH nDV y"Ud_] Us;uU gokU nDV yHyZfU

tWU cf< .aynbMpmhU X!U b~< .aynbMpmhU Xngy< cH< .aynbMpmhU Xvt xZ< .aynbMpmhU X

j yMp.fJnbH yght (Mattagami) , onKJ;pjMG .c<;nmxMT 1906]bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH .fEh>

.. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH

.ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

S?C tYZ gUjU hTA_ <nhG

a_bT ,G;Z Ktb_ <fnbZG

cUfUH gokU nDV yHyZfU

loG !< bUG$ YH .aynbMpmhU XS?C wtlG , moonbMpmlG

ngy< vjU , moonbMpmlG

vT< iCx. , moonbMpmlG

32

j yMp.fJnbH CPmU A<G (Flying Post) , ;ngJqA;pjMG.c<;nmxMT 1906] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g

.oho<gylnbH .fEh> .. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh

mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

yH P>.G gUjU hTA_ <nhG

a_bT ,G;Z Ktb_ <fnbZG

bOH nDV y"Ud_] Us;uU gokU nDV yHyZfU

b_AZG CPH b~< , moonbMpmlG

DU b~<MH , moonbMpmlG

nmObT bojE , moonbMpmlG

ngy< bojE , moonbMpmlG

j yMp.fJnbH U: C!U<nmH 'b>< (New Brunswick House) , owgpobp;pjMG .c<;nmxMT 1906] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g

.jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH .fEh> .. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h

mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH .ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

nDV eJo gUjU hTA_ <nhG

FT< H#<f Ktb_ <fnbZG

H@< yHgaE gokU nDV yHyZfU

HYG .xU< bOH xjd , moonbMpmlG

a_bT ,G;Z AsE .aynbMpmhU X,GyU e#< xsZ tf;px , moonbMpmlG

ngT iEnbcU , moonbMpmlG

FhC nmUgx , moonbMpmlG

j yMp.fJnbH nPUH IH (Long Lake) , qU;;pjMG .c.nmxMT 1906]bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g .oho<gylnbH .fEh>

.. h j hpnbclov .g h yMpJov h mEnh mnd<gynbgeG i<g cLd nmgeH

.ro>N

h j hpnbclvH+

G@r~U gUjU hTA_ <nhG

m<Ka_ G@r~U Ktb_ <fnbZG

hGSZH gokU nDV yHyZfU

a_bT ,G;Z nhjvvHnmbUH , moonbMpmlG

ji<nbx , moonb9pmlG

ygnbhU , moonbMpmlG

.ghtb , moonbMpmlG

33

.gQgysnmonb> hpg jv .jy> ,; yh .Ud#. jv .jy>

.y bQgysnmU h j .wgonbH , o<s;pjMG .c6;nmxMT] 1905 ,

xAphH] h j .wgvH

h j<fMG C!UH .Oc] hohoG jv QokojyH] hpg jv .jynb ,

bkt<gynbG] pcd mdl

,; yh] h j<fMG C!UM< nhHPU] h jv .jyhgH b<jk i<g

epmQokpMpmn,nmoo> .g .Ud#. b<jH] .Ud#. jv .jynb ,

bkt<gynbG] nl<jd mdl

n,K] bht jvht jv .jy> h jv .jyhgH n,t<f;wnm b<jo> i<g

b~#U b<jo>] , nm .wgynbG bQgylnmoo> .vnanb i<g ;gjk moonb h

gwhsgtov boro> b<jo> .g h boegtov .jyhp i<g .oho<gylnb] jv

bcmhdH gwlnmU] ag<lnmU] bgn,nmU] epmQokpMpmn,nmU] ugfnlnmU i<g

;gjk sgenmp l svhdjcU h mdogH jv .jy] .g l bf boevhdH i<g

p<;eov moonb h gwhsgtov b<jo> h boevhdH i<g jv j cjfpy;G

.fclog;Mnmoo>] .faogenmoo>] i<g h mpcvgov boro> b<jo> bht

jvht jv .jynb i<g l bo<lEh;G hjl] jv mgnhH hkrogenmU i<g

tunb;tsnmU rnhLE moonbH i<g .fooy i<g jv j<logtov i<g lvp.ov

moonb bom lnhp l j bkov i<g l tovH jv .jy> jWnbf<nmoH .v]

.y h boevhdH b<j .Ud#. b<jH h mgnhH qnbuH mdl h m<;

mEc<hthH] jn,fuH yh boy b<j~ !xUMU Mx#.Z bQgylnmU 1850 tp

!xUMU L!U bQgylnmU 1850 m<;] nbcuH i<g jn,fuH .Ud#. b<jH h

mg<dH .pQn,nmoH] phabuH mdl boy b<j m<; h j cjfohdH

npZGn,<G bUHj_ bQgylnmU o<s] .y b<j~ h boevdH , m<nhH q;tgp

jW tgstgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU .y bQgylnmU boj moonbH , cjfpjH

.fclog;Mnmonb>] .faogenmonb> i<g h mpcvgnb<cU boro> b<jo>

i<g ;gjk b<jk h mgnhj .Ud#.] nlaH] yosc] i<g x; jn,fo<htH i<g

gUd x; xv hpg b<jHN

tp yh n,K] boy p<;tsnmU h j .wgvH hpg jv .jy> ,

bkt<gy;G .gs<lphp r~U dOnb (Mayne Daly) ,; yh .Ud#. jv .jy>bkt<gy;G .gs<lphp nDU jCMp (Honorable John M. Gibson) h;ngQqA;pjMov o<j xMny 1894 h xAphoH] , uJimhdH hpg .pQn,nmU

h j qAggonbH rnhV obutgp i. i<g obutgp obp xAp h jv

.jynmG jv .jy<nl>] x<jgMpmhU obpU h j mgMpmhdH i<g mwohvhdH]

.pQn,nmU l bcvgvH hpg ,; yh .Ud#. jv .jynbH moonm b<jk .v]

i<g boy .Ud#. .pQn,nmU h j qAggonbH rnhV obutgp i. xAp h

34

jv .jynmG jv .jy<nl] x<jgMpmhU o<s h j mgMpmhdH i<g mwohvhdH]

.pQn,nmU l bcvgvH hpg ,; yh .Ud#. jv .jynbH moonm b<jk .v]

i<g boy ;ng< x<jgMpmhoE bUg p<;tsnmoH h mndyhH] x; l;

bQglnmp ohU mdl l tovH moonbH bom .v b<jk xv .Ud#. b<jH]

,h h j .v cjfpjH .g<jnb> ncyw mgnhj .. .pQn,nmp] hg mngonbU

, pgn,ognhH .Ud#. jv .jy> .p<;enmU] i<g boy bQgylnmU

nbcfpn,yhU , p,ogtm;G bht jvht jv .jy> h mgfMov i<g tu

mfov .fooy i<g h j mw cjfptov .g<jo] , bcvbG .gs<lphp] hg

qn,ot> aakH moonb obpi> nbg~] i<g tp xAool i<g rwnhU xAU

jEnh] onbg~ hg ti> aakH moonb bUg mgnmoH i<g bom jwhnb l mw

nmgyvH moonbH i<g yh] cfy yh x; ,h j mjl] hg tphonbU bom

Qokp bp h ohoG bUg ak;dnmMnmoHN

,; yh] h j mw p<;esgjH i<g p<;tsvH hpg jv .jy> ,; yh

.Ud#. jv .jy> .. .v h j boevhdj] .y mwpnhU+

boy yh .g] , hpnbcvhdH h mndyhH .g h j boevhdH boy

p<;tsnmU h j .wgonbH , ;ngJqA;pjMG o<j xMT 1894 i<g boy

p<;tsnmU h j .wgonbH , onKJ;pjMG .c<;nm xMT 1902] h j

bkt<gy;vH hpg ,; yh .Ud#. jv .jynbH] h j pholvH] h j mw

c;?oenm boevhdH fc<;olnmoH boy h j fc<;osvH .Ud#.

epmQokpMpmn,nm hTco ,; yh MA_ i<g ;gjkH] (Ontario MiningCompany vs. Seybold et al.) .Ud#. S. P., 1904] bjgJnmU 93)]bwg<nhmhd> boy h j boevhdH} i<g .fpT bom b<jk h j cjfpjH

moonbH hfxpn,MvH bom .g xv .Ud#. b<jH .g h yMpdoj h j

.fpeG]

.Ud#. jv .jy> .g p<;e>] i<g dxpH uJumhdl] h mndyhooH

l p<;esgeG] l .fpjH i<g p<;esgjH boj moonbH] .Ud#. jv .jy>]

m<x i<g x; jEnh] tongn, moonb obpi. nbg~ i<g hjl rwnhU xAU

jv tovH aakH moonb inbg~ gxE;V .g h j mngonbH] jv jn, tpG

hpg jv .jynb bom Qokp h j tphonmov moonb] m<x pgn,ogtod

i<g jv u;gG , jfcbynbG moonb i<g bom fcbylnmp ,h nbjV jv

fcmlfov m<x , cjfoG QokUN

i<g yh .Ud#. jv .jy> , uJibH h mndyhooH bQgylnmoo>

bnbMd p<;e> jv fcopH i<g nbn,ocjfpH mE;php<jk xv bUg b<jH h

j cjfohdoH i<g x; l cjfohdoj b<jk ep bnbMd akH hjl b<jnm

fcmhU akH ak;dnmMnmU , obpovH] i<g x; ?MH] bUd l mw

nbn,pcgH jv .jy> .gs<lphp .y bQgylnmoo> h uvgov] yh akH boj

jv .jy> bs<lphpH jv nbn,pct;G .Ud#. jv .jynb h .vqtEhnbG i<g

35

bom h nbn,pcvhdj mE;ohp<jk xgy jv hpnbcgH i<g p,ogH h

.vqtEhnbG .Ud#. jv .jynbN

i<g .Ud#. jv .jy> mnd> , fc<nhmhdj i<g nbn,p<gonbj

moonb<jk ,h jv fcbefoG .Ud#. jv .jy>N

i<g yh tp] .wgonbl .to<jnmE;dnmhtH bnbMd 500 m<xv yEhnbl

mE;d> ,h xv moonb<jH jv mgnhHN

i<g yh p<;esnbH .; .jynbH .g h boetvH ,h jv fcmlG

.Ud#. jv .jy> h mw rvcomn,yhH .y bQgylnmUN

,; yh , j nbcvhdH] .. qn,ovjnmp j yMp.fJ<gyn,> i<g

ynhMpml<gyn,> hpg jv .jynb C!UH .OCbZ (Frank Oliver), jvQokojy>] ,; yh C!U< HhPU] jv .jy> b<jH i<g epmQokpMpmn,nmoH]

j yMp.fJ<gyn,> i<g ynhMpml<gyn,> .Ud#. jv .jynbN

j yMp.fJnbH] ynhMpbnyH i<g cjfpnyH

C!UH .OCbZ (Frank Oliver), .fEnh C!~UHaG@nb (Frank Pedley),

C!UH .OCbZ

i<g yh C!U< HhPU (Frank Pedley), .fEh> nDVLGMnb (Geo. W. Yates)

C!U< HhPU

bQgylnmoo> h j .wgov h bkt<gy;vH hpg i<g .Ud#.jv

.jynbH h j pjolvH jv fc<;olnmoH , fc<;osvH .Ud#.

epmQokoMpmn,nmU hTco ,; yh QA_G i<g boj ;gjkH (OntarioMining Company vs. Seybold et al.)N

bom nmp mE;ohp<jk b<jk xv .Ud#. b<jH (bwV bom b<jk

xv uZG n,<G bUHj_ (Northwest Angle) bQgylnmoH o<s h mwfaognhj] bq~ i<g x; xFpH l nbn,p<gonbj h mndyhH bQgylnmU

aknh jW tsgtgp tp q;tgp i. h cAphH h j .wgonbH)] i<g bq~

i<g x; xFpH l cjfpjH moonbH l bgn,vH i<g x; bknmmn,vH l mw

tucom;vH] .Ud#. jv .jy> p<;e> jv Jh<gG bom fxpn,Mnmp h j

.wgG hpg jv .jy>] i<g nmp hpg jv .jy> jv yEhnmMnmoo> i<g

.jynmoo> jv j bgnblG i<g x; bknmmn,G i<g bo<l ton,G

fxpn,Mn,oo> i<g x; fcU cjfpH jv bcfMnm bcvgnmGN

hpg jv .jy> p<;e> jv hpn,oyG bom Qokp h j .wbhonmov

m<x moonbH h cjfpjH .g<jnb>] , hpnbcvhdoH .Ud#. .faog;MnmU

.g h j boevhdH , mgnhunl .pQn,nmU .oy .vN

36

bom yh nmp mE;ohp<jk xv uZG n,<G bUHj_ bQgylnmU o<s h

mgnhj h j nbn,p<gonbj .g] .Ud#. jv .jy> p<;e> bom xnbx<nh

bgtH b<jH h mgnhj hg mgnhonbU , bwvcoj bUg mE;ohp<jH i<g nmp

hpg jv .jy> hg nbn,o cjfol<gyn,> l mw tucomlov moonb i<g

aknhU hg svhdnb bom h j svhdj bom b<jk xv moonb<jH h mgnhjN

mgnhunhn, yh nmp bgtH b<jH xnbx<nh h bjdj bUd xsE

mE;ohp<jH xv .Ud#. b<jH] bom lnhp h j bcgj i<g h j mjH i<g

.pQn,nmU h j bcgH] ,nhom l bcgj bUg aakH bom mElohp<jkN

ep lnho> cjdognyH .; bn,ohpH h mwpnhooH .fclog;Mnmonb>

hpg ,; yh .Ud#. jv .jynbH h mw bgnbhonbH i<g x;

fxpn,MponbH moonm b<jk i<g x; bom h bjdj xnbx<nh .v] i<g

x; h j bmndvH .g boj hjp> jv .jynbH] yh x; mgQn,nmU i<g

pmconmU jv hpnbcvhdH , ucgonbj bom mE;ohp<jk .g h j

p<;esvhdjN

ep lnhU .g h mgnhH hg mdovhd> jv yv;o;G .Ud#. jv .jy>

jv Jh<gG bom faogenmp h j av bkG hpg jv .jy> .y .v

mE;oh<j~ 38B h mgMpdH h j cjfpH .Ud#. jv .jy> .g h yMpdjN

j yMp.fJ> U:;T (E. L. Newcombe), , yMp.fJ<gynbG hpg jv .jynbj yMp.fJ> ,snbG CIH (Edward Blake), , yMp.fJ<gynbG .Ud#. jv.jynb

, onKJ;pjMG .c<;nmxMT 1902

.jv.pQn,>] s!Us

, yMpdH jv .jynm mgQn,nmU h j p<;esgH h j<fMG x<jg<j~ jv

.jywE h o<sqA;pjMG jW xMT] 1907N

, ytsiovhdH .fcvenbMpmhU jv bt<;jy> h j yMpmhdH h

ak;qA;pjMG jW xMT 1907] h yynmbxvH .jynmoH j hnlvtnhH jp h

j<fMkU jv p<;esgyU .y bQgylnmU FT< a bQgylnmU qUH h mvhdH] h

j .wgvH jv .jy> .gs<lphH gUjU hTa_ <nhG] Ktb_ <fnbG i<g gokU nDV

yHyZfU] h j mgQnbfvH jv pgnm hnlvyvH .vnanb] .yEl;nb i<g ;gjk

moonb h j gwhsgtov boro> b<jo> .g h boevhdoH jv tpov bht

jvht jv .jynb , uJimhdH h mg<dH .g bQgylnmoH , cjfpjH tMn,

.faog;Mnmonb>] .faogenmonb> i<g h mw bcvgvH .ro> b<jo> .g

l bf boevhdH+ boy b<j~ xv .Ud#. b<jH h mgnhH qnbuH mdl h

37

m<; mEc<hthH ,; yh jn,fuH mdl boy b<j~ h j bjfohfH m<x h

.wgonbH n!xUMU Mx#.Z bQgylnmU h j .wgonbH 1850 h xAphH ,; yh

n!xUMU L!U bQgylnmU h j .wgonbH 1850 h xAphH] nbcuH mw ,; yh

jn,fuH mw] h mw jwxfH .Ud#. b<j gxE;V h mndyhH .pQn,nmoH]

phabuH yh mw] h mw jwxfH nbcuH mdl boy b<j h j cjfohdH

bQgylnmU o<s , bcgHN

h yynmbxvH nbjV j hnlvtnhH jp h j<fMkU jv p<;esgyU i<g

Jh<gkU bom moonb<jk h j bwg<nhbjH .fcvenmonbH boj jv .jy>

bs<lphpH h j fcvenbMpmlvH h ;ngJ; hEhfoM>] 1905] i<g bom

moonb<jk h j .wgonbj b<;tsnmoH qUH 1906 h xAphH cLd oMsvhdH

hpg jv .jy> jv mdog;MG nmp jv faogH , fc<nhmhdj bom

moonb<jk i<g nbn,p<gnmU ,; yh fcvenmU , boevhdj .. moonb<jk

jv bt<;jy> hg tphonbU jEnh fc<nhmhdnhn,N

.KUAZH] owgo hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

mUH IE Mx~] oQqC hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

eJo to<fH] ;ngJtgp ;ng< hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

.Ej nb<hmhU] obpu> hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

bxfx] o<stgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

ygvnbU] o;ngJqC hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

tght] owgo hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

CImU A<G] owgo o<s hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

.vnanbH qCY] tgstgp ;ngJtgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

eJo to<fH .yEl;nbH qCY] tgstgp ;ngJtgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU ,

m<nhH

U: C!U<nmH b><] owgp onJ< hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

nPUH IH] owgp onJ< hjl b<jnm fcmhU , m<nhH

h lvpnmgG

IU<d_ hC#._

h yMpmlG/ jv yynmbAnmU

P.C. 2547

.y yMpmhU] ,;y yMpmhU h j gcMpmlcongonbH h j mndvH , j

pjEhsvH h yynm ytuyvH jv .jynb] h j p<;esgtov jv .jy>

.gs<lphp hEhfoM> 5] 1930N

38

h yynm ytuyvH jv .jynb] , j mndov jv Qokojynb jv

p<;esgyU i<g Jj<gkU .g h bwg<nhmhdH h j pjgonbH FT< a

bQgylnmU qUH h j mw bQgyvH .vnanbH i<g ;gjkH moonbH jn,fuH

.Ud#.] jv pr;MxH , obp;pjMG .c<;nm xMT] 1929} nmUf; MxH ,

obpi.qA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT] 1930} nbq.H , owgp obp;pjMG .c<;nm

xMT] 1930} n,o<jH , owgp obpi.;pjMG .c<;nm xMT] 1930} h j

cceggvH nb_sZ D_< l~U (Walter Charles Cain) ,; yh :AZG pgokUbZ3 (Hebert Nathaniel Awrey), h j mgQnbf;vH jv .jynb , jmgQnbf;ov] yynm ytutn,nmU jv .jynmoH 921] , o<stgp;pjMG boj

xMT] 1929] , bht jvht jv .jynm bs<lphonmvH jv cc .wgvH .ro> h

j pjgonbooH bQgylnmoo>N

IrZ (E.J. Lemarie).yMpml> ytutn,nmU jv .jynmoH

h j<fMG

jv Qokojy>

––––––––––––––

h j pjgonbH QUH bQgylnmoH

n,K jv .jy> nDV okpU] , j qn,ot;G jWyosnb] jv .jyhgHn,t<f;wnm b<jo> (Great Britain), b~.OU b<jo> (Ireland), i<gbom b<jk cwV jv htH n,t<f;wnm b<jH (British Dominions) h mwfaognhj] , jv .jynmG] , oho<gH bkt,nmoo>] , jv .jyhgH mUfk

b<jo> (Emperor of India), , j tniogH jv tpG h mndyhooHbQgylnmoH] FT< a bQgylnmU h mwohdoH] boro> bQgylnmU qUH

mwohdoH] .g h bwg<;mhdH boy lvn, yMpmhU] bom moonb h

gwhsgtov boro> b<jo> hvv bUg b<jH h mw boevhdH bQgylnmU] ,

j<jMponbH h mw p<;evH .; moonbH , tpvH jv .jynb tMn,

.fclog;Mnmonb>] .faogenmonb> i<g .qn,og;Mnmonb> boro> .v

b<jo> .g h boegeGN

i<g n,K] opp> .vnanbH] .yEl;nbH i<g tMn, ;gjkH moonbH h

gwhsgyH .y b<j~ .g h boevhdH] , j boegyH .y h j boevhdH

bQgylnmU] i<g h nm mw to;kH bht jvht jv .jy>] , bcvbjvH jv

.jy> .gs<lphp] nb_sZ D_< lU (Walter Charles Cain) s!Us h .vG] ,;yh :AZG pgokU b># (Herbert Nathaniel Awrey), bgnb h .vG] o jp<;epU jv tpjG bht jvht jv .jy> tMn, ofclog;MnmopU]

ofaogenmopU i<g oqn,og;MnmopU boy .v b<jo> .g h boegeGN

39

,; yh oppU] .vnanbH] .yEl;nbH i<g ;gjkH moonbH .g h

gwlvH] , j<jMsgyH h mdyhH boy bQgylnmU .g h tohnmkH] ocjfipU

i<g otppU hpg jv .jy> jv tpG bht jvht jv .jynb i<g gwi l

bf boElEh;ov] ofclog;MnmopU] ofaogenmopU i<g oqn,og;MnmopU

tUn, .v boy b<j~ i<g boy b<j~ bgtH oxH h mgnhH .g .Ud#.

b<jH xv lu! b<jH (District of Kenora), cG#Mk b<jH mdl](Patricia Portion), nbLE tgstgp owgp obpi> jW tgstgp tp o<ngtgstgp owgp hjl b<j fcmhU , m<xDH] qnbuH mw xoE h mw

jwxfH jn,fuH mdl boy b<j~ h j bQgylnnbH qUH bQgylnmoH} ,;

tp phabuH mw xoE h mw jwxfH nbcuH mdl boy b<j~ h j

bQgylnnbH bQgylnmoH o<s ,; yh obpU] i<g m<; jwxfH yosc

b<j~} ,; tp jn,fuH mw xoE oxH bGMU a h mvhdH} ,; tp nbcuH

mw xoE oxH FT< a h mvhdH jj tMn, bom to<fnh] to<f;q i<g

bMpkH] oxk i<g b<j~ bgtH oxH h mgnhH xv bUg b<jH .g h

boevhdH i<g bqV tMn, h j boevhdj moonm fclog;Mnmp]

faogenmp i<g oqn,og;Mp tMn, ;gjk b<jk .v i<g bom b<jk bgtH

oxH h mgnhj] x; gUg , mgnhj .g hpg b<jHN

p<xv jv bkG i<g yv;pH bht jvht jv .jy> i<g boj ohU l

bo<lEh;GN

,; yh oppU .vnanbH] .yEl;nbH i<g ;gjkH moonbH .g hgwlvH]

, bkt<gy;kH osjyhotppH i<g .jyhowqH gs h mw faog;MkH] o

p<;epU jv .foyH nmvmn,nmp] fcbylnmp i<g ;gjk tucomn,nmp] h

mndyhH bQgylnmoH] i<g o jv mngpU i<g jv hpn,ogyH] i<g eggkH

i<g fx sgyH tMn, mgQn,nmp] fclog;Mnmp i<g fxsgenmp .g h

yMpdj .jyhpH i<g moonbH h yMpJvH] jv phgn,ovhdH i<g fx

svhdH tMn, mw h mgMpdH .g bQgylnmoH gxE;V oppU fxpn, , j

mgkH , p<;esvhdH .y bQgylnmUN

bht jvht jv .jy> .gs<lphp , bkt<gy;G p<;r> i<g bQgen,>

jv fcopH mE;ohp<jk gs mg<hiMmU h mgMpdH .g bQgylnmoH x;

gUd i<g x; , mwgnhH l mw nbn,pcgjH l mw mgnhooj jv .jy>

bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h oho<gylvH gs .g<hoMnb> .vN

yh hnbclvH] bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h

oho<gylvH j p<;enbMpmfJnbH h j mw pjEhvH i<g ,<coH .g h bf

yMpdjN

40

h j p<;enbMpmhdH pr;MxH] , obp;pjMG .c<;nm xMT] 1929]

bht jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h oho<gylvH , mgvH

h j nbclvH o<gT xgy , j mnd<gyhonbH i<g cLd nmvhdHN

h j hpnbclvH+ nb_sZ D_< lU] (Walter Charles Cain),bs<lphU

r# h#G

(Mary C. Garrett):AZG pgokU b>#] (Herbert Nathaniel Awrey)bs<lphU

I<O h#G

(Leslie Garrett)KTMU xZf] j moonbMpml>

F#yk KonbC] j moonbMpml>

;ZfU a_

(Gordon L. Bell)nDV nmpasUH] j moonbMpml>

b~MH cZHyU

hZ_ a_I (Karl Bayly) DH yl] j moonbMpml>

FhC bojE (Frog), j moonbMpml>

h j p<;enbMpmhdH nmUf; MxH , obpi.qA;pjMG .c<;nm xMT]

1930] bjt jvht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h oho<gylvH ,

mgvH h j nbclvH o<gT xgy , j mnd<gyhonbH i<g cLd nmvhdHN

h j hpnbclvH+ nb_sZ D_< lU] (Walter Charles Cain), bs<lphUnDU .;ZtU

(John T. O’Gorman):AZG pgokU b>#] (Herbert Nathaniel Awrey)bs<lphU

nDU n,<I (John Wesley) bxU hlai<] j moonbMpml>

Sp< nbKjtH] j moonbMpml>

Ktb_ Knbo<] j moonbMpml>

nDU nlnlmE] j moonbMpml>

cf#H hlhkE] j moonbMpml>

MUP KHvhc>] j moonbMpml>

h j p<;enbMpmhdH nbq.H , owgo obp;pjMG .c<;nmxMT] 1930]

bjt jv ht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h oho<gylvH ,

mgvH hjnbclvH o<gT xgy , j mnd<gyhonbH i<g cLd nmvhdHN

h j hpnbclvH nb_sZ D_< lU] (Walter Charles Cain)] bs<lphUnDU .;ZtU

(John T. O’Gorman):AZG pgokU b#] (Herbert Nathaniel Awrey)bs<lphU

dxH bZfUH

(David A. Harding)nDV CY;G] j moonbMpml>

yUM b_co] j moonbMpml>

jU<O $<

(R. Kingsley Rose)K_ H$] j moonbMpml>

nDV sZG (Geo. Third)F$G yHyu<

41

(Gerald McManus)@i ;vL

(Rene Gauthier),V ,C cIUG

(H. F. Bland),U# yU

(Henry J. Mann)

h j p<;enbMpmhdH n,o<jH , owgo obpi.;pjMG .c<;nm xMT]

1930 bjt jv ht jv .jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h oho<gylvH ,

mgvH h j nbclvH o<gT xgy , j mnd<gyhonbH i<g cLd nmvhdHN

h j hpnbclvH nb_sZ D_< lU] (Walter Charles Cain), bs<lphUyZd_] yhd.nhpL>

(L. Ph. Martel O.M.I.):AZG pgokU b#] (Herbert Nathaniel Awrey),bs<lphU

nDU ngy< .;ZtU

(John Thomas O’Gorman)KxL cf#H] j moonbMpml>

nDU xiwE] j moonbMpml>

nDU b#< (John Harris) dxG KgpU] j moonbMpml>

@ nm_$Z

(Ray T. Wheeler)

––––––––––––––

.Ud#.

jv .jynm yynmbAnmU bcfMnmhtH

, yMpdH h mgQn,vH , pjEhsvH .jynmnmU , qAggG h j<fMG h

.v qtEhnbH jv .jynb] , obpi.qA;pjMG KjchnmxMT] 1931

h yynmbxvH .jynmnmU , j hpnbcgjH .fcvenm yMpmhoo> h

j<fMG jv bt<;jy>] , obpi.;pjMG Kjchnm xMT] 1931 yh , mndG]

mgQnbvlnmU , o<sqA;pjMG boj xMT] 1929] h j .wgonbH ,

hpnbcvhdH p<;tsnmU , .Ej;vH tjJnm xMT] 1929] .; jv Qokojy>

hpg jv .jy> .v i<g jv bt<;jtnb h .jyhgH .Ud#. .jynb .v] i<g

, uJimhdH h jpjEhsvH yynmbAnm .jynmnmU h j qAggG h j<dog;MG

h .vqtEhnbG jv .jynb hpg] h o<sqA;pjMG boj xMT] 1929] nb_sZ D_<

lU] h .vqtEhnbG jv bt<;jynb] .Udw. .v] :AZG pgokU b#] jv

Qokojynb .v] h j mgQnbfvH jv cceggvH] , nmpjgonbH FT< a

bQgylnmU qUH] .vnanbH i<g ;gjk moonbH h gwhsgjH boro> b<jo>

.g h boevhdH , cLd nmvhdH] .sjyhotnbnb i<g h oho<gy;vH jv

bxcooH b<jo> .g h boevhdH nbn,pxnmU] ag<lnmU] bgnblnmU]

epmQokinmU] ugflnmU .v i<g ;gjk sgenmp l j svhdjcU h mdogH

42

jv .jy>] i<g jv p<;t;G moonb h faoyG h gwhsgtov boro>

b<jo>] i<g jv cjfptov .faog;Mnmonb>] .faogenmoo> i<g

qn,og;Mnmoo> boro> b<jo>] jv mgnhH hkrogenmU i<g tu nb;tsnmU

rnhLT moonbH i<g ;gjk jv .jy> .fooy] i<g jv j<logtov .sfkU

mooy i<g lvp.ov bom lnhp l j bkov i<g l tovH jv .jy>

jWnbfMnmoH .v] .y yh b<j~ , nmvhdH+

tMn, boy b<j~ i<g b<j~ bgtH oxH h mgnhH xv .Ud#. b<jH]

c<j h mgnhH lu! b<jH] cG#Mb b<j~ (Patricia portion) hmvhdH] nbLE tgstgp owgp obpu> jW tgstgp tp o<ng tgstgp

owgp hjl b<j fcmhU , m<xDH] wnbuH mdl h mw jwxfH boy

b<j~ h j bQgyhonbH bQgylnmoH qUH} ,; tp phabuH mdl] h

mw jwxfj bom b<jk h j bQgyhonbH bQgylnmoH o<s ,; yh

obpU i<g h mw jwxfH yosc b<j~} ,; tp jn,fuH mdl bMU

a m<;] nbcuH FT< a m<; i<g , j jfj tMn, to<fnh] toEf;q]

bMokH] oxk i<g b<j~ bgtH oxH h mgnhH xv .y .g b<j~ h

boevhdH+

.g bQgylnmoH jv cjfpjH moonbH tMn, .foonm fclog;Mnmonb>

i<g h mw bcvgvH yMn, i<g x; ;gjk b<jk h mgnhj .Ud#. b<jH]

nlaH b<jH] yosc b<jH] i<g x; boy b<j~ jn,fU h mvhdH] i<g x;

l; b<j~ .g h mgnhH hpg b<jHN

i<g .g bQgylnmoH] bqV bom .g h j bQgyhonbH] jv

mE;pyvH b<jk moonbH] akH hjl b<j~ fcmhU gs ak;dnmMnmU ,

okpovH] i<g x; boy fcmhU jv bcgG h mw tFfvH i<g x;

DhnbwwvH] m<x j<lovhdnhn, .. mE;ohp<jk] bht jvht jv .jy> jv

yv;pH i<g pphvgG moonb .v] ,h jv .fpyJG] y<hndG] i<g x;

pphvgylG .Ud#. jv .jy>N

h jpjgonbH .y bQgylnmU qUH] bom h jpjgonbH ,f bo<l

yMpdj .g] , j<junbvgonbH yMpmhU ”A”] h j bQgylvH jv .jynmbs<lphpH i<g moonbH h mdog;MvH h j mngonbH .g jv chopjH jv

.jy> bs<lphpH mE;ohp<jk gs .g<hoMnmp h mg<dH bQgylnmoH x; l

mw mgnhooj l mw nbn,pcgjH bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h

oho<gylvH h mw faog;MvHN

boy] .Ud#. .pQn,nmU] 1912] x<jgMpmhU o<s] .Ud#. jv

.pQn,nmhtH pjEhsnmU j p<;enbH jv oMgn,ogjH .faog;Mnmonb>

moonbH h gwhsgjH boro> b<jo> h j pjgonbH i<g , bwfohdH

43

.Ud#. b<jH h mgMdH .Ud#. h m<;fj b<jk pjgnmU .pQn,nmU] hpg

.pQn,nmU] 1912] x<jgMpmhU itgpN

boj h j nbn,pctvH jv .jy> bs<lphpH jv boegenbvH moonb

l pjgonbH bQgylnmU qUH] i<g ;gjk lnhp] mndnbH]

moonbH h gwlvH aQV bf; KhmhoH xv boy b<j~ hjjfH

bQgylnmU obpU h mgMpdH] j p<;enbMpbnyH h pjgonbH bQgylnmU .g

h boevhdH , qh;pjMG Kjchnm xMT] 1910] yh h yMpdj mgQnbvlnmp

, lvp.tvH jv tovH b<jo> o<stgp oQ fcb<hU , m<xDoH h mgwvHN

rnhV .y buV ,h ,Enh , bwvcoH .y b<j~ .Ud#. b<jH] yh

jn,fu<htH , mw faognhHN yvV nbn,pcgenmU .y .v mE;ohp<j~ ,h

,Enh , nbn,p<gonbH] bg yh , gwlvH bUg aQV bf; KhmhoH .;

moonbH 1910 , xAH] i<g yh b<xU .y bq~ , j bgxvH bUd ihnm

KhohU p<xV yh , tFfvH buV xv boy b<j~ h uvgonbH h mw

bcfMvH .; .jynm bs<lphpH h yMpJvH .gN

1910 xApj>] h yMp.vH .; moonbH] qU;tgp obpU mgQnb;cU]

onKJtgp obpi> yh , j pj.vH boy ;gH xAU] , av bQdvH bUd .v

mUfkU KhmhU h mw faog;Mnb<cU yosc h mgnhHN buV yh , bjtvH ,

o<ngtgstgp o<stgp oQ , mgwvH i<g yh boj to<fH KhmhU (IslandLake) moonbH bq~ , j nbn,pcgyvH .GmE;ohp<jnb> i<g , jfc<;mhdoH ,h , bwgjtvH h j bQdvH moonbH bUd bf; KhmhU

faog;MnmoH] .; mdog;MnbH jv tovH QokpN

,; yh bf; KhmhU moonbH , e<dLogjH jv tovH mE;ohp<jo>

.y .g<hoMnmU .vN

l mw mgnhj mE;ohp<jk gs h .g<hoMvH .; moonbH j

choohdnb] .sjyhonbnb i<g h oho<gy;vH , j p<;enbMpbjH .y h

pjohdH bQgylnmU QUH] 1929 tp 1930 xAphnb] , j nbn,pcgjH jv

.jy> bs<lphpH i<g .jyhpH i<g h oho<gylvH gs ,g<hoMvH moonbH

.g hboetvHN

bom mE;ohp<jk h j choohdj i<g nbn,p<gonbj .; bs<lphpH

i<g .jyhpH i<g h oho<gylvH gs .g<hoMnmp .v yMpdnb bUg

.fcvenm yMpmhonbH bs<lphpH , nmvhdH h j pjgonbH bQgylnmU qUH

1930 xAph>] yh boy fcvenmU] .; bs<lphpH mndnbH+

44

(a) boy b<j~ h j cjfohdH 1905 xAph> boj moonbH h mgvHboy b<j~ jn,fu<htH h mgnhH yh buV .Ud#. b<jH h mw

faognhH jv qAggonbH i<g yvnhmhdHN

(b) .. mE;ohp<jk h mgnhj boy b<j~ h boevhdjx<jgMpmhoH (a) jv qAggonbj i<g yvnhmhdHN1` .KUAZH] jn,fuH mdl xga;nm Mx~] obutgp o<s hjl b<jnm

fcmhU

2` bcysH hawnmhtH (Fort Hope) tgstgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU3` bnhj (Marten Falls) o<s tgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU4` xga;H] tgstgp tp itgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU

.. mE;ohp<jk j fc<;mhdnb;cU i<g nbn,p<gnmp j pmjhdnb;cU .gpH

xApN

(c) bom tMn, .Ej mE;ohp<jk .g boevhdnb ?MH i<g , yhdnbMpmhdj jj b<jnm yMpmhU , mgMpmhdH (Schedule

"B") jv qAggonbH i<g yvnhmhdHN(d) bom epmQokpMpmn,nm .fp<jk , j<junbvgonbj i<g ,

yMpmhdj] xv .. mE;ohp<jk ,h ,Enh , fc<;mhdj i<g ncyw

p<;enbMpmhdH h j pjgonbH bQgylnmU bom b<jk .v hg uvgonbnp ,

hpnbcvhdH , bcgH .Ud#. .pQn,nmoU 1924] ohpMpmhU 15] 14 jv

.jy> nDV okpU] h mw cLd nmvhdH i<g knhrovhdjH moonm

fclog;MnmpN

jv .jy> bs<lphU] ,;] mnd> jv qAggonbH] mgQnbvhd> i<g

yvnhmhdH ..+

1` h j cjfohdH b<j~] x; m<;] 1905 xApnh> h j p<;esgjH

moonbH] xv jn,fu<htH h mgnhjcU yh buV xv .Ud#. b<jH , mw

faognhH] .Ud#. h m<;fj b<jk pjgnmU .pQn,nmU .v] hpg

.pQn,nmU] 1912] x<jg<pmhU itgpN

2` .KUAZH (jn,fuH mdl xga;nm MxH obutgp o<s hjl b<jnm

fcmhU)] bcysH (tgstgp hjl b6jnm fcmhU)] bnhj (o<stgp hjl b<jnm

fcmhU)] i<g xga;H mE;ohU (tgstgp tp itgp hjl b<jnm fcmhU) h

j cx<jv tovH moonbH , uJimhdH h j cjfpjH .g<jnb> 1905 xAph>

bUg bQgylnmU qUH] rnhV bom mE;ohp<jk xv jn,fu<htH , mgnhnhcU

yh buV .Ud#. b<jH , mw faognhj boy .v .Ud#. h m<;fj b<jk

pjgnmU .pQn,nmU] hpg .pQn,nmU] 1912] x<jgMpmhU itgp] xv .Ud#.

b<jHN

45

3` .y bQgylnmU h jpjgonbH bQgylnmU qUH] h j cceggvH nb_sZ

D_< l~U i<g :AZG pgokU b#] bs<lphpH h j mgQnbf;vH jv .jynb jv

pgnm p<;esgtov .vnanb i<g ;gjk moonb h gwhsgtov boro> b<jo>

.g h boevhdH] , cjfenbvH .; moonbH bht jvht jv .jynb h

mg<dH h j p<;esgjH bQgylnmU qUH .faog;Mnmonb>] .faogenmonb]

i<g h bcvgvH b<jo> xv h mgnhoo> .g b<jo> h boevhdHN

4` bom mE;ohp<jk h boevhdj .fcvenm yMpmhonbH jv .jy>

bs<lphpH i<g nmonb> h j nbn,pcgjH , p<;esgjH .jyhpH i<g h

oho<gylvH gs .g<ho9nmU] .. mE;ohp<jk , boevhdj i<g ,

yMpmhdj bUg yMpmhU (Schedule "C") .g h bwg<;mhdH} , cLdoMsvhdH hpg jv .jy> jv mdog;MG jv pphvgG , fc<;mhdj ..

mE;ohp<jk i<g nbn,p<gnmU i<g , yMpmhdH h mwpnhH , pmjhdH yh

bUg jv bt<;jy> .jy> .v i<g jv p,ogH .jv fc<;ml>N

jv .jy> bnbMd mnd> bom epmQokpMpmn,nm .fp<jk ,

j<junbvgonbj i<g , yMpmhdj] xv .. mE;ohp<jk ,h ,Enh ,

fc<;mhdj i<g ncyw p<;enbMpmhdH h j pjgonbH bQgylnmU bom

b<jk .v hg uvgonbnp , hpnbcvhdH , bcgH .Ud#. .pQn,nmoU

1924] x<jgMpmhU] h mw cLd nmvhdH i<g knhrovhdjH moonm

fclog;MnmpN

.y yynm bAnmU .jynmnmU p<;esgnyH h mndov h j<fMov jv

bt<;jy>] i<g jv uvgonbH boyN

, ynhMpmhd]

M ,V c_tZ (C. H. Bulmer)h ohoG .jynmnmUN

––––––––––––––

yMpmhU "C"

mE;ohp<jk h j qAggonbj i<g yvnhmhdj

pr;MxH moonb .v

mE;ohU akH] pr;Mx] nbcuH mdl boy KhmhU] CbU MxH (Fawnriver) mw] o<s tp bxg> b<jnm fcmhU vh<H , .v jvgonbH boyKhmhU bmshT] oQqC b<jnm fcmhU piyhT mdl , mw jsgonbH tp o<s

46

tp bxg> b<jnm fcmhU bmshT vh<H boy CbU Mx~ (Fawn river),obpitgp obpU hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH b<j~N

mE;ohU oQ] Kv; KhmhUN boy KhmhU Kv; Mx~ mdl] ;vvH , .v

jvgonbH bmshT KhmhoH akH tp akH qUnlE b<jnm fcmhU , m<xMpnhH

;vvH] yh , bf uJomhdH Kv; Mx i. b<jnm fcmhU mo;H ,

hpnbcvhdH akH tp akH qUnlT b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xMpnhH vh<H boy

Kv; Mx] obpi.qC hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<xDH b<j~N

mE;ohU o<s] nbpyU KhmhUN qnbuH mdlhT boy n,o<H Mx h mw

nbpnmvnbH KhmhU] i. tp bxg> b<jnm fcmhU vh<H , .v jvgonbH ,;

tp ;ng< b<jnm fcmhU qnbuH mw] jn,fuH yh mdl , jwxfH owgp

onK< hjl b<jnm fcmhU ?MH jv m<nhH bmshT boy Mx~N

bf; KhmhU moonbH .v

bf; KhmhU] qnbuH mdl boy bf; KhmhU pnbV yh phabuH vh<H

, .v jvgonbH i<g t<gm pnbV jv jjfH hnbKmhyH] yh jv m<nhH

obpu> b<jnm fcmhU h mw jnpH tp bnbMd i. tp bxg> jv bphEhHN

bf; KhmhU moonbH .v

ihnm KhmhU p$< (Narrows), h mw c<lnbH ihnm KhmhU tp;xfnlk (Co-pe-te-qua-yah) KhmhU tggG jv tgstgp tp ;ngnK tgstgptp owgp i. fcb<hp , m<xDH i<g x; onKJqC hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv

m<nhH , hjlgonbH tp o<s b<jnm fcmhU jv mw bphEhHN

nbq. moonbH .v

nbq.H] Kjg> xAZ<sU Mx~ (Beaverstone river) nbq.nm MxH]akH tp bxgH vh<H , .v jvgonbH bmshT boy xAZ<sU Mx

(Beaverstone river), yh obpU b<jnm fcmhU ftH mw] .y Mx~ ,yMpdH b<jnm yMpmhU owgp , (20a) h mgMpmhdH] h j .wgG .Ud#.jv .jy> 1926] xAZ<sU (Beaverstone), bGMU a yh , nmgH h<s#bT(Castorum), moonbH yh nmp nmjy> (We-ke-mow), obuqC hjl b<jnmfcmhU jv m<nhH b<j~N

n,o<j moonbH .v

n,o<HN h mw mgnhjcU n,EhV bGMU a hawnmhtH ftH bUd Kjg>

bwn,H (Asheweig) Mx~] mE;ohp<j~ , nbn,p<gonbH jv m<nhH o<sb<jnm fcmhU i<g x; akH tp bxg> b<jnm fcmhU bmshT phabuH

mdl boy bwn,H Mx~ , nbpnmvnbH n,o<jnm MxH] yh , uJimhdH

boy bwn,H Mx~ bmshT obpU b<jnm fcmhU] i<g x; ?MH onKJqC hjl

b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhHN

47

bgnbx<hG moonbH .v

bgnbx<hG] , mwgnhH Kjg> ,nhowH] ,nhU Mx~ , .v jvgonbH i.

tp bxg> b<jnm fcmhU phabuH mw boy ,nhoE] tp ;ng< b<jnm

fcmhU i<g x; o<s b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH bmsnbhT boy ,nhU Mx~

,; tp ftH mdl boy ,nhU Mx~ onKJqC tp bxg> ?MH] tgstgp i.

tp bxg> ?MH hjl b<jnm fcmhU jv m<nhH b<j~N

, ckd oMsvhdH hpg jv .jy> jv pphgn,ogH , fc<;mhdoj

.. mE;ohp<jk i<g nbn,p<gnmp i<g yMpmhp , yMpdH h mwpnhj ..

mE;ohp<jk jv hpn,ovhdj .gcfMnmht;H jv bt<;jy> (Minister ofLands and Forests) jEnh fc<;mhdnhn,N

h j nl<hMpbH - ?IU KgpU (Translation – Celine Sutherland).vna i<g .yEl; mg<hiMnmU bcfMnmhtH 2008 (Ojbway and CreeCultural Centre 2008)ftU<] .Ud#. (Timmins, Ontario)

THE JAMES BAY TREATYTREATY NO. 9

(MADE IN 1905 AND 1906)AND

ADHESIONS MADE IN 1929 AND 1930

(This translation is for research purposes only and should not beconsidered an official or legal document of the Government of Canada.)

Published by the Ojibway and Cree Cultural Centre2008