Fukushima’s Impact: Beyond the SAMGs and New Equipment Training

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2

Accident Conditions

• Loss of all off-site power sources

• Loss of all on-site power sources, including diesel generators

• Destruction of communications infrastructure

• Severely limited plant access

3

Operator Training Focus Areas

• FLEX equipment

• Long-term loss of electrical power

• Severe accident response

4

FLEX Equipment Training

• Training must be developed for new and modified equipment to address:

– Restoration of electrical power

– Reactor makeup capabilities

– Reactor core cooling

– Spent fuel pool makeup capabilities and cooling

5

Restoration of Electrical Power

• On-site/Off-site Equipment– Portable engine driven generators– Batteries and chargers

– Personnel must be trained to:

• Locate and transport equipment• Connect portable equipment to installed

plant components• Operate, monitor and maintain equipment

6

Reactor Makeup Capabilities and Core Cooling

• On-site/Off-site Equipment

– Portable pumps• Engine driven or powered from portable generators

– Normal and alternate on-site water sources• RWST, CST, Rx makeup, fire water, raw water• Borated water• Fire trucks and tanker trucks

7

Reactor Makeup Capabilities and Core Cooling

• Personnel must be trained to:– Locate and transport equipment

– Connect portable equipment to installed plant components

– Route and connect on-site sources to alternate connection points via temporary hoses

– Operate, monitor and maintain equipment

– Monitor plant parameters with limited or no electrical power or lighting

8

Spent Fuel Pool Makeup and Cooling

• On-site/Off-site Equipment

– Portable pumps• Engine driven or powered from portable generators

– Normal and alternate on-site water sources• RWST, CST, Rx Makeup, fire water, raw water• Borated water• Fire trucks and tanker trucks

9

Spent Fuel Pool Makeup and Cooling

• Personnel must be trained to:– Locate and transport equipment

– Connect portable equipment to installed plant components

– Route and connect on-site sources to alternate connection points via temporary hoses

– Operate, monitor and maintain equipment

– Monitor plant parameters with limited or no electrical power or lighting

10

Long Term Loss of Electrical Power

• Training must be developed for an extended loss of all electrical power to address:

– Shedding of all but the most critical loads from the instrument buses to prolong battery life• This may require simulator electrical model upgrades

– Operating with limited lighting, communication equipment and instrumentation

11

Long Term Loss of Electrical Power

- Coordination of FLEX equipment usage

- Restoration of communication equipment and lightingin the control room

• Training must be developed for an extended loss of all electrical power to address:

12

Severe Accident Response

• Simulator software has not historically been capable of modeling beyond design basis/severe accident scenarios

• Lessons learned from Fukushima illustrate the need to train the plant staff on severe accident situations, including revised SAMGs and newly developed guidelines

• New models will be necessary to run severe accident scenarios for reactor core, containment, auxiliary building and spent fuel pool

13

Conclusions

• New training must be developed for:

– FLEX equipment and related procedures

– Evaluating and shedding DC and instrument bus loads to prolong battery life

– Managing situations with limited or no lighting or normal communications equipment

14

– Revised SAMGs and new emerging guidelines

– Emergency response organization interface

Conclusions

• New training must be developed for:

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