Full file at ://fratstock.eu/sample/Test-Bank-Microbiology-A-Systems... · 4. All of the following...

Full file at https://fratstock.euChapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called

A. Atomic

B. Living

C. Matter

D. Energy

E. Space

2. The electrons of an atom are

A. Always equal to the number of neutrons in an atom

B. Found in the nucleus

C. Used to determine atomic number

D. Positively charged

E. Moving in pathways called orbitals


A. Always equal to the number of protons

B. Used to determine the atomic weight

C. Carrying a positive charge

D. Used to determine the atomic number

E. Always in full orbitals

4. All of the following pertain to the atom carbon-14 except

A. Has 6 protons

B. Has 6 electrons

C. Has 14 neutrons

D. Is an isotope of carbon

E. All of the choices pertain to carbon-14

Full file at https://fratstock.eu5. The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the

A. Electrons

B. Protons

C. Neutrons

D. Protons and neutrons

E. Protons and electrons

6. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their

A. Neutron number

B. Electron number

C. Proton number

D. Atomic number

E. Chemical properties

7. What is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy shell of an atom?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 8

D. 18

E. 32

8. What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy shell of an atom?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 8

D. 18

E. 32

9. Protons and neutrons make up the atom's central core referred to as its

A. Valence number

B. Isotope

C. Nucleus

D. Center of gravity

E. None of the choices are correct

Full file at https://fratstock.eu10. The valence number is the

A. Number of protons

B. Number of neutrons

C. Atomic weight

D. Number of inner most electrons

E. Number of outer most electrons

11. Two or more atoms bonded together are called a/an

A. Ion

B. Isotope

C. Element

D. Electrolyte

E. Molecule

12. What would be the valence number of electrons in the sulfur (S) atom?

A. 2

B. 6

C. 8

D. 16

E. 32

13. Polar molecules are composed of covalently bonded

A. Identical atoms

B. Carbon atoms

C. Ions

D. Atoms of different electro negativity

E. Atoms of identical electro negativity

14. Polar molecules

A. Have an equal charge distribution

B. Have an unequal charge distribution

C. Are insoluble in water

D. Always contain carbon

E. Always involve oxygen

Full file at https://fratstock.eu15. Covalent bonds

A. Result from losing electrons

B. Are always polar

C. Are always non-polar

D. Result from sharing electrons

E. Result from gaining electrons

16. Cations are a(n)

A. Charged subatomic particles

B. Atoms that have gained electrons

C. Atoms that have gained neutrons

D. Capable of forming ionic bonds with anions

E. Atoms without protons

17. A reaction where an electron is lost is called

A. Oxidation

B. Reduction

C. Ionization

D. Decomposition

E. Dissolution

18. An atom has gained an electron. It has been

A. Oxidized

B. Reduced

C. Ionized

D. Deionized

E. Neutralized

19. Ionic bonds

A. Result from sharing electrons

B. Result from transferring electrons

C. Results from like charge attraction

D. Are the weakest chemical bonds

E. Always involve carbon

Full file at https://fratstock.eu20. Hydrogen bonds

A. Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar covalent bonds

B. Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar ionic bonds

C. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar covalent bonds

D. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar ionic bonds

E. Are the strongest bonds between molecules

21. Atoms that gain or lose electrons become charged particles called

A. Cations

B. Anions

C. Ions

D. Isotopes

E. All of the choices are correct

22. Substances that release ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity are

A. Covalent

B. Nonpolar

C. Electrons

D. Electrolytes

E. Solvents

23. Which of the following represents a synthesis reaction?

A. AB ® A + B

B. A + B ® AB

C. AB + XY ® AX + BY

D. AB + XY « AX + BY


24. Which of the following represents a reversible reaction?

A. AB ® A + B

B. A + B ® AB




Full file at https://fratstock.eu25. The important solvent associated with living things is

A. Carbon dioxide

B. Sodium chloride

C. Ethyl alcohol

D. Benzene

E. Water

26. Ionic compounds are

A. Hydrophobic

B. Hydrophilic

C. Are acidic in solution

D. Are basic in solution

E. Always form salts in solution

27. A solution is composed of one or more substances called _____ that are uniformly dispersed in a

dissolving medium called a _____.

A. Solvent, solute

B. Solute, solvent

C. Neither solvent, solute nor solute, solvent

D. Both solvent, solute and solute, solvent

28. Which term does not belong in this list?

A. Lactic acid

B. Vinegar

C. Hydrogen ion donor

D. PH 8

E. Acidic

29. A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9

A. Is more basic

B. Has no OH- ions

C. Has more H+ ions

D. Has a higher pH


Full file at https://fratstock.eu30. A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9

A. 2 times more acidic

B. 20 times more acidic

C. 20 times more basic

D. 100 times more acidic

E. 100 times more basic

31. Which of the following functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound?

A. Phosphate-carbohydrates

B. Sulfhydryl-proteins

C. Amino-proteins

D. Hydroxyl-alcohols

E. Carboxyl-fatty acids

32. Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.

A. Carbon

B. Nitrogen

C. Oxygen

D. Hydrogen

E. Phosphorous

33. Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which are

A. Chains of hydrophobic molecules

B. Chains of electrolytic molecules

C. Chains of repeating monomers

D. Chains of repeating carbohydrates

E. Chains of hydrogen bonds

34. All of the following are monosaccharides except

A. Glucose

B. Glycogen

C. Fructose

D. Ribose

E. Deoxyribose

Full file at https://fratstock.eu35. Which of the following would have glycosidic bonds?

A. Triglycerides

B. Monosaccharides

C. Polypeptides

D. Polysaccharides

E. ATP

36. All of the following are polysaccharides except

A. Dextran in some bacterial slime layers

B. Agar used to make solid culture media

C. A cell's glycocalyx

D. Cellulose in certain cell walls

E. Prostaglandins in inflammation

37. C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 ® C12 H22O11 + H2O represents

A. Formation of a peptide bond

B. A decomposition reaction

C. Denaturation

D. Formation of a polysaccharide

E. Dehydration synthesis

38. Starch is the primary storage food for all of the following except

A. Green plants

B. Algae

C. Animals

D. Some fungi

E. All of these store food as starch

39. All of the following are lipids except

A. Cholesterol

B. Starch

C. Phospholipid

D. Wax

E. Triglyceride

Full file at https://fratstock.eu40. What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?

A. Fatty acids

B. Glycerol

C. Phosphate

D. Alcohol


41. A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to 2 other carbons and

2 hydrogens.

A. Unsaturated

B. Polyunsaturated

C. Monounsaturated

D. Saturated


42. The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules are

A. Prostaglandins

B. Waxes

C. Phospholipids

D. Steroids

E. Triglycerides

43. The lipid group that is the major component of cell membranes are the

A. Prostaglandins

B. Waxes

C. Phospholipids

D. Steroids

E. Triglycerides

44. The building blocks of an enzyme are

A. Nucleotides

B. Glycerol and fatty acids

C. Monosaccharides

D. Phosphate, glycerol, fatty acids

E. Amino acids

Full file at https://fratstock.eu45. An amino acid contains all of the following except

A. An amino group

B. A carboxyl group

C. A variable R group

D. An a carbon

E. A nitrogen base

46. Which is not true about enzymes?

A. Found in all cells

B. Are catalysts

C. Participate in the cell's chemical reactions

D. Can be denaturated by heat and other agents

E. Have high-energy bonds between phosphates

47. Which amino acid contains sulfur atoms that form covalent disulfide bonds in its tertiary

structure?

A. Valine

B. Cysteine

C. Serine

D. Alanine

E. Tyrosine

48. What type of bonds are formed by dehydration synthesis between adjacent amino acids?

A. Glycosilic

B. Ester

C. Peptide

D. Disulfide

E. Phosphate

49. The a – helix is a type of _____ protein structure.

A. Primary

B. Secondary

C. Tertiary

D. Quaternary

E. None of these

Full file at https://fratstock.eu50. One nucleotide contains

A. One phosphate

B. One pentose sugar

C. One nitrogen base

D. All of the choices are correct


51. Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA?

A. Contains ribose

B. Contains adenine

C. Contains thymine

D. Contains uracil

E. Contains nucleotides

52. ATP is best described as

A. An enzyme

B. A double helix

C. An electron carrier

D. The energy molecule of cells


53. A student forgot to label a beaker containing a DNA solution and a beaker containing a glucose

solution. If chemical analysis was performed to identify the contents of each beaker, which of the following would be found in the beaker of DNA but not in the beaker with glucose?

A. Amino acids

B. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms

C. Nitrogen and phosphorus

D. Fatty acids

E. Carbon atoms

54. Purines and pyrimidines are components in the building block units of all

A. Nucleic acids

B. Carbohydrates

C. Polysaccharides

D. Amino acids

E. Enzymes

Full file at https://fratstock.eu55. Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?

A. Uracil

B. Adenine

C. Thymine

D. Cytosine

E. All of these are pyrimidines

56. During protein synthesis, ____ RNA is made to be a copy of a gene from the DNA.

A. Transfer

B. Messenger

C. Ribosomal


57. Characteristics of shared by all cells include:

A. a membrane serving as a cell boundary

B. the possession of genetic information

C. the presence of cellular fluid

D. All of these

58. An example of an amphipathic molecule found in living cells is:

A. glucose

B. phospholipid

C. protein

D. nucleic acids

59. The purine___ always binds with the pyrimidine__ in DNA and RNA.

A. guanine, cytosine

B. cytosine, guanine

C. adenine, guanine

D. thymine, guanine

Full file at https://fratstock.eu60. You are asked to make a 1M solution of Sodium Bicarbonate or Baking Soda (NaHCO3 ) for a

DNA extraction lab. How many gram(s) of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 ) should be added to 1L of water to make the required solution? Use the table of atomic masses to help you.

A. 29 g

B. 62 g

C. 84 g

D. 91.1 g

E. Element Atomic mass H 1.00 C 12.00 O 16.00 Na 23.00 K 39.1

True / False Questions

61. Elements have predictable chemical properties. True False

62. Electrons that participate in chemical bonding are typically located closest to the nucleus.

True False

63. Water molecules are non-polar molecules.

True False

64. Polar molecules have more reactivity compared to non-polar molecules.

True False

65. A covalent bond is formed between an anion and a cation.

True False

66. Only charged atoms can form ionic bonds.

True False

67. The concentration of a solution expresses the amount of solvent present.

True False

68. If solution A has a lower pH compared to solution B, then solution A is more acidic than solution

B. True False

Full file at https://fratstock.eu69. The only part of an amino acid that differs from other amino acids is its R group.

True False

70. All proteins are enzymes.

True False

71. The most important outcome of polypeptide intra-chain bonding and folding is the unique shape

of the protein. True False

72. Nucleic acids have primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary levels of organization.

True False

Full file at https://fratstock.euChapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called

A. Atomic

B. Living

C. Matter

D. Energy

E. Space

Learning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements.


A. Always equal to the number of neutrons in an atom

B. Found in the nucleus

C. Used to determine atomic number

D. Positively charged

E. Moving in pathways called orbitals



A. Always equal to the number of protons

B. Used to determine the atomic weight

C. Carrying a positive charge

D. Used to determine the atomic number

E. Always in full orbitals

Learning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements

4. All of the following pertain to the atom carbon-14 except

A. Has 6 protons

B. Has 6 electrons

C. Has 14 neutrons

D. Is an isotope of carbon

E. All of the choices pertain to carbon-14


Full file at https://fratstock.eu

5. The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the

A. Electrons

B. Protons

C. Neutrons

D. Protons and neutrons

E. Protons and electrons


6. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their

A. Neutron number

B. Electron number

C. Proton number

D. Atomic number

E. Chemical properties


7. What is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy shell of an atom?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 8

D. 18

E. 32


8. What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy shell of an atom?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 8

D. 18

E. 32


9. Protons and neutrons make up the atom's central core referred to as its

A. Valence number

B. Isotope

C. Nucleus

D. Center of gravity




10. The valence number is the

A. Number of protons

B. Number of neutrons

C. Atomic weight

D. Number of inner most electrons

E. Number of outer most electrons


11. Two or more atoms bonded together are called a/an

A. Ion

B. Isotope

C. Element

D. Electrolyte

E. Molecule

Learning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.

12. What would be the valence number of electrons in the sulfur (S) atom?

A. 2

B. 6

C. 8

D. 16

E. 32


13. Polar molecules are composed of covalently bonded

A. Identical atoms

B. Carbon atoms

C. Ions

D. Atoms of different electro negativity

E. Atoms of identical electro negativity



14. Polar molecules

A. Have an equal charge distribution

B. Have an unequal charge distribution

C. Are insoluble in water

D. Always contain carbon

E. Always involve oxygen

Learning Objective: none

15. Covalent bonds

A. Result from losing electrons

B. Are always polar

C. Are always non-polar

D. Result from sharing electrons

E. Result from gaining electrons


16. Cations are a(n)

A. Charged subatomic particles

B. Atoms that have gained electrons

C. Atoms that have gained neutrons

D. Capable of forming ionic bonds with anions

E. Atoms without protons


17. A reaction where an electron is lost is called

A. Oxidation

B. Reduction

C. Ionization

D. Decomposition

E. Dissolution


18. An atom has gained an electron. It has been

A. Oxidized

B. Reduced

C. Ionized

D. Deionized

E. Neutralized



19. Ionic bonds

A. Result from sharing electrons

B. Result from transferring electrons

C. Results from like charge attraction

D. Are the weakest chemical bonds

E. Always involve carbon


20. Hydrogen bonds

A. Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar covalent bonds

B. Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar ionic bonds

C. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar covalent bonds

D. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar ionic bonds

E. Are the strongest bonds between molecules


21. Atoms that gain or lose electrons become charged particles called

A. Cations

B. Anions

C. Ions

D. Isotopes



22. Substances that release ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity are

A. Covalent

B. Nonpolar

C. Electrons

D. Electrolytes

E. Solvents

Learning Objective: 2.03 Differentiate between a solute and a solvent.


23. Which of the following represents a synthesis reaction?

A. AB ® A + B

B. A + B ® AB





24. Which of the following represents a reversible reaction?

A. AB ® A + B

B. A + B ® AB





25. The important solvent associated with living things is

A. Carbon dioxide

B. Sodium chloride

C. Ethyl alcohol

D. Benzene

E. Water


26. Ionic compounds are

A. Hydrophobic

B. Hydrophilic

C. Are acidic in solution

D. Are basic in solution

E. Always form salts in solution


27. A solution is composed of one or more substances called _____ that are uniformly dispersed in a dissolving medium called a _____.

A. Solvent, solute

B. Solute, solvent

C. Neither solvent, solute nor solute, solvent

D. Both solvent, solute and solute, solvent



28. Which term does not belong in this list?

A. Lactic acid

B. Vinegar

C. Hydrogen ion donor

D. PH 8

E. Acidic

Learning Objective: 2.04 Give a brief definition of pH.


A. Is more basic

B. Has no OH- ions

C. Has more H+ ions

D. Has a higher pH




A. 2 times more acidic

B. 20 times more acidic

C. 20 times more basic

D. 100 times more acidic

E. 100 times more basic


31. Which of the following functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound?

A. Phosphate-carbohydrates

B. Sulfhydryl-proteins

C. Amino-proteins

D. Hydroxyl-alcohols

E. Carboxyl-fatty acids



32. Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.

A. Carbon

B. Nitrogen

C. Oxygen

D. Hydrogen

E. Phosphorous


33. Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which are

A. Chains of hydrophobic molecules

B. Chains of electrolytic molecules

C. Chains of repeating monomers

D. Chains of repeating carbohydrates

E. Chains of hydrogen bonds


34. All of the following are monosaccharides except

A. Glucose

B. Glycogen

C. Fructose

D. Ribose

E. Deoxyribose

Learning Objective: 2.05 Name the 4 main families of biochemicals.

35. Which of the following would have glycosidic bonds?

A. Triglycerides

B. Monosaccharides

C. Polypeptides

D. Polysaccharides

E. ATP



36. All of the following are polysaccharides except

A. Dextran in some bacterial slime layers

B. Agar used to make solid culture media

C. A cell's glycocalyx

D. Cellulose in certain cell walls

E. Prostaglandins in inflammation


Learning Objective: 2.06 Provide examples of cell components made from each of the families of biochemicals.

37. C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 ® C12 H22O11 + H2O represents

A. Formation of a peptide bond

B. A decomposition reaction

C. Denaturation

D. Formation of a polysaccharide

E. Dehydration synthesis


38. Starch is the primary storage food for all of the following except

A. Green plants

B. Algae

C. Animals

D. Some fungi

E. All of these store food as starch


39. All of the following are lipids except

A. Cholesterol

B. Starch

C. Phospholipid

D. Wax

E. Triglyceride



40. What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?

A. Fatty acids

B. Glycerol

C. Phosphate

D. Alcohol



41. A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to 2 other carbons and 2 hydrogens.

A. Unsaturated

B. Polyunsaturated

C. Monounsaturated

D. Saturated



42. The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules are

A. Prostaglandins

B. Waxes

C. Phospholipids

D. Steroids

E. Triglycerides


43. The lipid group that is the major component of cell membranes are the

A. Prostaglandins

B. Waxes

C. Phospholipids

D. Steroids

E. Triglycerides

Learning Objective: 2.06 Provide examples of cell components made from eachof the families of biochemicals.


44. The building blocks of an enzyme are

A. Nucleotides

B. Glycerol and fatty acids

C. Monosaccharides

D. Phosphate, glycerol, fatty acids

E. Amino acids


45. An amino acid contains all of the following except

A. An amino group

B. A carboxyl group

C. A variable R group

D. An a carbon

E. A nitrogen base


46. Which is not true about enzymes?

A. Found in all cells

B. Are catalysts

C. Participate in the cell's chemical reactions

D. Can be denaturated by heat and other agents

E. Have high-energy bonds between phosphates


47. Which amino acid contains sulfur atoms that form covalent disulfide bonds in its tertiary structure?

A. Valine

B. Cysteine

C. Serine

D. Alanine

E. Tyrosine

Learning Objective: 2.07 Explain primary

Learning Objective: secondary

Learning Objective: tertiary and quaternary structure as seen in proteins.


48. What type of bonds are formed by dehydration synthesis between adjacent amino acids?

A. Glycosilic

B. Ester

C. Peptide

D. Disulfide

E. Phosphate


49. The a – helix is a type of _____ protein structure.

A. Primary

B. Secondary

C. Tertiary

D. Quaternary

E. None of these


Learning Objective: secondary

Learning Objective: tertiary and quaternary structure as seen in proteins.

50. One nucleotide contains

A. One phosphate

B. One pentose sugar

C. One nitrogen base



Learning Objective: 2.08 List the 3 components of nucleic acids.

51. Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA?

A. Contains ribose

B. Contains adenine

C. Contains thymine

D. Contains uracil

E. Contains nucleotides

Learning Objective: 2.09 Name the nucleotides of DNA and of RNA.


52. ATP is best described as

A. An enzyme

B. A double helix

C. An electron carrier

D. The energy molecule of cells


Learning Objective: 2.10 List the 3 components of ATP

53. A student forgot to label a beaker containing a DNA solution and a beaker containing a glucose solution. If chemical analysis was performed to identify the contents of each beaker, which of the following would be found in the beaker of DNA but not in the beaker with glucose?

A. Amino acids

B. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms

C. Nitrogen and phosphorus

D. Fatty acids

E. Carbon atoms


54. Purines and pyrimidines are components in the building block units of all

A. Nucleic acids

B. Carbohydrates

C. Polysaccharides

D. Amino acids

E. Enzymes


55. Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?

A. Uracil

B. Adenine

C. Thymine

D. Cytosine

E. All of these are pyrimidines



56. During protein synthesis, ____ RNA is made to be a copy of a gene from the DNA.

A. Transfer

B. Messenger

C. Ribosomal



57. Characteristics of shared by all cells include:

A. a membrane serving as a cell boundary

B. the possession of genetic information

C. the presence of cellular fluid

D. All of these


58. An example of an amphipathic molecule found in living cells is:

A. glucose

B. phospholipid

C. protein

D. nucleic acids

Learning Objective: 2.11 Point out 3 characteristics all cells share.

59. The purine___ always binds with the pyrimidine__ in DNA and RNA.

A. guanine, cytosine

B. cytosine, guanine

C. adenine, guanine

D. thymine, guanine

Learning Objective: 2.05 Name the 4 main families of bio-chemicals.

Learning Objective: 2.06 Provide examples of cell components made from each of the families of bio-chemicals.


60. You are asked to make a 1M solution of Sodium Bicarbonate or Baking Soda (NaHCO3 ) for a DNA extraction lab. How many gram(s) of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 ) should be added to 1L of water to make the required solution? Use the table of atomic masses to help you.

A. 29 g

B. 62 g

C. 84 g

D. 91.1 g

E. Element Atomic mass H 1.00 C 12.00 O 16.00 Na 23.00 K 39.1


Learning Objective: 2.09 Name the nucleotides of DNA and RNA.

True / False Questions

61. Elements have predictable chemical properties. TRUE


62. Electrons that participate in chemical bonding are typically located closest to the nucleus. FALSE


63. Water molecules are non-polar molecules. FALSE


64. Polar molecules have more reactivity compared to non-polar molecules. TRUE


65. A covalent bond is formed between an anion and a cation. FALSE



66. Only charged atoms can form ionic bonds. TRUE


67. The concentration of a solution expresses the amount of solvent present. FALSE



68. If solution A has a lower pH compared to solution B, then solution A is more acidic than solution B. TRUE


69. The only part of an amino acid that differs from other amino acids is its R group. TRUE


70. All proteins are enzymes. FALSE


Learning Objective: secondary Learning Objective: tertiary and quaternary structure as seen in proteins.

71. The most important outcome of polypeptide intra-chain bonding and folding is the unique shape of the protein. TRUE


Learning Objective: secondary Learning Objective: tertiary and quaternary structure as seen in proteins.

72. Nucleic acids have primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary levels of organization. FALSE


Learning Objective: 2.09 Name the nucleotides of DNA and of RNA. Learning Objective: secondary

Learning Objective: tertiary and quaternary structure as seen in proteins

Full file at https://fratstock.euChapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Summary

Category # of Questions

Learning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements 8

Learning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements. 3 Learning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds. 11 Learning Objective: 2.03 Differentiate between a solute and a solvent. 5 Learning Objective: 2.03 Give a brief definition of pH. 1 Learning Objective: 2.04 Give a brief definition of pH. 3 Learning Objective: 2.05 Name the 4 main families of bio-chemicals. 1 Learning Objective: 2.05 Name the 4 main families of biochemicals. 11 Learning Objective: 2.06 Provide examples of cell components made from each of the families of bio-chemicals.

1

Learning Objective: 2.06 Provide examples of cell components made from each of the families of biochemicals. 1 Learning Objective: 2.06 Provide examples of cell components made from eachof the families of biochemicals. 1

Learning Objective: 2.07 Explain primary 5 Learning Objective: 2.08 List the 3 components of nucleic acids. 1 Learning Objective: 2.09 Name the nucleotides of DNA and of RNA. 5 Learning Objective: 2.09 Name the nucleotides of DNA and RNA. 1 Learning Objective: 2.10 List the 3 components of ATP 1 Learning Objective: 2.11 Point out 3 characteristics all cells share. 1 Learning Objective: none 17

Learning Objective: secondary 5 Learning Objective: tertiary and quaternary structure as seen in proteins 1 Learning Objective: tertiary and quaternary structure as seen in proteins. 4

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