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Function of Cell Organelles
Each cell organelle has a different function All organelles within a cell work together to
ensure that the cell functions properly A cell can be thought of a factory as it
produces chemicals and proteins needed by the body
Cell membrane
The cell membrane is a ‘selective barrier’ which allows certain substances to pass through and prevents others from entering the cell
Found in both plant and animal cells
Nucleus
The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell called DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). DNA is essential for the cell to function as it contains all the instructions for the cell.
Nucleolus is found within the nucleus and contains RNA (ribonucleic acid). It is responsible for the production of ribosomes.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
A network of flattened membranes used mainly for the transport of proteins
Rough – ribosomes attached to the surface giving a ‘rough’ appearance. It folds and processes proteins
Smooth – No ribosomes present and synthesises lipids for membranes
Ribosomes
Responsible for protein synthesis necessary for the cell to function
Can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER
Golgi Bodies
A network of membranes that are curved and stacked in groups of 4-10
The function is to process, package and sort cell products. Vesicles can be seen budding off as proteins continue on to their final destination which can be located inside or outside the cell
Lysosomes
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/zoology/AnimalPhysiology/Anatomy/AnimalCellStructure/Lysosomes/Lysosomes.htm
Lysosome
Sacs filled with digestive enzymes They break down worn out cell organelles so
that the materials can be recycled to make new organelles
Mitochondria
The ‘powerhouses’ of the cell Responsible for producing ATP, an energy
molecule, so cell processes can be carried out