Functional ingredients for dietary supplement industry
SUDATHIP SAE-TAN, Ph.D.Department of Food Science and Technology
Faculty of Agro-IndustryKasetsart University
March, 2021
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Nutrition
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Pharmaceutical
"A nutraceutical is a food or part of a food such as a dietary supplement that has a medical or
health benefit including the prevention and treatment of disease".
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Nutraceuticals
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2015 $170 Billion
2022 $302 Billion
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90%
100%
2007 2015 2020
Row
North & South America
Europe
Asia
Allied Market Research, 2020
Frost & Sullivan, 2016
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CONSUMER TRENDS IN SUPPLEMENTS
Beauty
Healthy agingMental health &
well-beingGut health and wellness
Sports & Performance
Immune health
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Ingredients to watch for healthy ageing
Antioxidant Claim for a wide range of healthy ageing benefits
ASTAXANTHIN
MAQUI BERRIES
GRAPE SEED EXTRACT
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Astaxanthin
Claim: High in antioxidants
Source for industry: algae Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis)
(bacteria, microalgae, yeasts)
H. pluvialis is a green microalga that grows in fresh and brackish (slightly salty) waters. Under certain 'stressful' conditions, such as high light intensity or nutrient shortage, the cells of H. pluvialis accumulate astaxanthin, which turns them a dark-red colour. Synthetic or 'manufactured' forms of astaxanthin are also available (EFSA).
Ingredients to watch for healthy ageing
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• Antioxidant
Maqui berries
• Cardiovascular disorder
Agronomy. 2019
• Obesity
• Analgesic activity
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Maqui berries
• Anti-diabetes
• Anti-inflammation
Phytochemistry Reviews. 2017
• Dry eye disease
Suppress light-induced photoreceptor cell death by inhibiting ROS production
Eye health
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Ingredients to watch for healthy aging
Grape seed extract
Bioactive compounds
Monomeric &
Oligomeric flavan-3-ols
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Grape seed extract
Antioxidant • Cardiovascular disorder
Nutr J. 2017
Anti-ulcer activity
Anti-cancer
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Grape seed extract
Chemoprevention of cellular damage
Current PharmarceuticalBiotechnolgoy, 2001.
#1 Beauty and Personal Care
- Facial treatment, shampoo,
conditioner, hand cream,
sunscreen, moisturizer, serum
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Grape seed extract
Food and drink (9%)
- Meal replacement drinks, Pre-workout drinks, Drinks, Gummy
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Grape seed extract
Coconut Water + Chocolate Post Workout Cardio Plant Based Powder
Kola Nut Flavoured Vegan Pre-Workout Powder
Pomegranate New Zealand Super Teablend of white tea, grape seed extract and natural pomegranate flavour
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Products that support mental health and well-being
A rise of mental health awareness and well-being
- Consumers seek for holistic solutions.- Long-term physical, mental and emotional health- Stress becomes a key health concern. - Greater awareness for environmental impacts
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Products that support mental health and well-being
Beauty and Personal care products
Improve or change
appearance
Internal & external well-
being
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Links between mental states and performance
Solutions that support people with focus, attention and even moodelevation
ADAPTOGENS1
2 NOOTROPICS
Mental health and well-being
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Ingredients to watch for mental health and well-being
AdaptogensAny ingredient that can help the body to better cope with physical or mental stress
Originally defined as “non-specific resistance under stress”
26control over their stress
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Adaptogens
Cope with stress Help to relax
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Holy basilAshwagandha Medicinal mushrooms
Chamomile Lemon balm Valerian Lavender
Nervines
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Adaptogens
• Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi)
• Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)
• Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)
• Cordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps)
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Medicinal mushrooms
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Adaptogens
1. Neurological effects
- Anti-depressant like effect
- Reduce anxiety-type behaviour
2. Immune-modulation
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Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi): Polysaccharides
Phytochemistry. 2015
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Adaptogens
1. Antioxidant
- Increase antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD and catalase)
(remove ROS)
- Reduce radiation-induced oxidative DNA damage
2. Anti-cancer and cytotoxic activities
3. Anti-metastatic activities
4. Anti-HIV activity
5. Lowering urinary tract symptoms in men
6. Neuro-protective effect
32Phytochemistry. 2015
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi): Triterpenes
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Adaptogens
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Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)
• Amino acids• Neutral sugar• Total phenolics• Organic acids• β-glucan• Tasty compounds
Journal of food measurement and characterization. 2012
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Adaptogens
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Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)
1. Lower blood pressure & plasma lipids2. Anti-gestational diabetes3. Immune booster
J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 1987
International Journal of Medicinal Mushroom, 2017
Ann Transl Med. 2014, J Immunol Res., 2019
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Adaptogens
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Lentinus edodes
(Shiitake)
J Am Coll Nutr., 2015
Grifola frondosa (Maitake)
Immune Booster
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Adaptogens
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Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)
Bioactive compounds:
- Hispidin analog- Melanins
Mycosystema. 2008
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Adaptogens
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Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)
1. Immune stimulator2. Anti-inflammation3. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity4. Anti-tumor activity
Mycosystema. 2008
Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2009
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2010
International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2011
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Adaptogens
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Cordyceps sinensis (CS)
Journal of functional foods, 2013
Active ingredients
• Polysaccharides• Nucleotides• Sterols• Proteins
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Adaptogens
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Cordyceps sinensis (CS)
1. Adaptogenic activity2. Immunomodulatory effects3. Antioxidant activity4. Anti-cancer5. Anti-diabetes activity6. Anti-inflammatory activity7. Kidney protection (Lower increment of blood uria nitrogen,
sodium secretion)
8. Lung and liver protection (Enhance oxygen utilization, Enhance cellular oxygen uptake)
9. Apoptosis10. Anti-fatigue and improve stamina
Journal of functional foods, 2013
Over the last five years, 35% of food, drink, or healthcare launches with adaptogen or adaptogenic in the product description.
Hemp extract and ginseng :
Hemp extracts and adaptogens
Nervines: lavender,chamomile,
lemon balm etc. : Spices and adaptogens
Rise of medicinal mushroom for stress
and fatigue
Tulsi Breakfast Tea (India) uses holy basil to
relieve stress
Adaptogens
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Drinking your way to sleep & relax
contains hops and lemon balm to help relieve feelings of stress and to encourage
peaceful sleep (Philippines).
Probiotic drink for stress & sleepContains kefir culture, probiotics, lemon and lavender that are said to relieve stress, improve mood,
promote restful sleep, reduce inflammation and lower skin
irritation (Malaysia).
“Beauty-sleep” comboJelly Carrageenan and Konjac with
Chamomile, Lemon Balm, Lavender, L-Theanine and 10% White Grape Juice helps relieve hunger and is concentrated with chamomile, lemon balm and l-theanine for
sleep (Thailand).
Adaptogens
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‘Brain boosters' or ‘Smart drugs’
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Ingredients to watch for mental health and well-being
Nootropics
Caffeine is considered the most common nootropic.
Other emerging nootropics are B vitamins, choline, L-theanine, MCT oils, omega-3s and ginko biloba
THAILAND
30%of Thai consumers use functional foods and drink to support and maintain healthy brain
function
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Nootropics
Mintel's Augmented Human Trend,
Discusses how recent innovations are enhancing the
way we live – offering opportunities to push the body beyond its limits.
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Nootropics
The caffeinated beverage is made with natural functional ingredients like gingko biloba,
turmeric, siberian ginseng, green tea, caffeine, vitamin B6and vitamin B12 for mind and
health benefits (Australia).
Contains L-theanineSuntheanine, NZ Neuroberry
Juice and NZ Pine Bark Extract Enzogenol for mental focus and clarity (New Zealand).
Contains a unique herbal blend of amla, gotu kola, ginkgo
biloba, siberian ginseng, green tea and B vitamins and zinc to
boost focus (Australia).
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Nootropics
Contains a comprehensive formula blend of dark
chocolates and natural nootropics including lion's
mane mushroom, green tea extract, ginkgo biloba, natural caffeine and B
vitamins to increase mental energy.
Contains L-tyrosine, vitamins C, E, B12 and B6 and electrolytes such as sodium, magnesium
and potassium for focus, hydration and recovery (US).
Contains caffeine (95mg), B vitamins, choline, green tea
and ground ginger that help to deliver alertness and focus
without the drawbacks of the sugar commonly found in
energy drinks (US).
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Nootropics
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Virtual organ of the body
Human genome23,000 genes
Microbiome3 million genes
BMJ, 2018
What does gut microbiome do?
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
BMJ, 2018
Non-digestive substrate
SCFAs
(acetate, propionate, butyrate)Gases
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Prebiotics
Fiber Fermentable fiber
Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs)
BMJ, 2018
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Prebiotics
Foods, 2019
1. FructansInulin, FOS
2. Galacto-oligosaccharides3. Starch & glucose-derived oligosaccharides
4. Other oligosaccharides Pectin (Pectic oligosaccharide)
5. Non-carbohydrate oligosaccharidescocoa-derived flavonols
6. Resistance starch
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
% la
un
che
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Global: top 10 fibres used in new high/added fibre food and drink products, June 2016 and May 2020
Jun 2016 - May 2017 Jun 2017 - May 2018
Jun 2018 - May 2019 Jun 2019 - May 2020
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Prebiotics
High-fibre, FODMAP cerealFood for Health breakfast clustersare FODMAP-certified and are generally well tolerated by IBS sufferers. Packed with the goodness of chia seeds, linseeds and psyllium, fibres which are well tolerated by people with IBS (Australia).
Essential fibre FODMAP crispbreadsOrgran Essential FibreCrispibread. This certified FODMAP-friendly product is a good source of fibre. With brown rice flour, sorghum flour and psyllium seed husk to support healthy digestion (South Africa).
Guar gum promotes digestive balancePurasana Sport Smoothie powder provides all the nutrients needed for a sporty lifestyle. It contains the FODMAP-approved fibre Sunfiber, made from partially hydrolysedguar gum to promotes healthy digestive balance (Belgium).
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Prebiotics
The British Journal of Nutrition, 2016
Poorly absorbed SCFAs, sugar polyols
A live microbial feed supplement, which beneficially affects the host by improving its intestinal microbial balance
- Immune modulation
- Anti-cancer, Anti-tumor
- Reduction of cholesterol
- Alleviation of lactose intolerance
- Normalization of stool transit
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Treatment of peptic ulcers
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Probiotics
Beneficial Microbes, 2010
Prebiotics are gaining traction in Asia Pacific and following the footsteps of probiotics in food, drink and healthcare launches globally. 57
Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Prebiotics vs Probiotics
Synergistic mixture of probiotics and prebiotics that benefit the host by improving the survival and colonization of live beneficial microorganisms.
Known synbiotic formulations are Bifidobacteria with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with inulin.
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Synbiotics
Int J Mol Sci. 2019
A new term for “metabolic by-products” or "beneficial waste products" of probiotic bacteria
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Postbiotics
Current opinion in food science. 2020
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Postbiotics
• Organic acids or SCFAs
• Peptidoglycans
• Polysaccharides.
• Peptides
• Teichoic acis
• Cell surface protein vitamins
• Plasmalogens
Current opinion in food science. 2020
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Postbiotics
Postbiotics derived from Bifidobacterium breve C50
- Trigger the host immune system- Trigger anti-inflammatory responses
Current opinion in food science. 2020
Psychobiotics, probiotics that affect the brain, may have potential to help people struggling with anxiety and depression.
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Psychobiotics
Psychopharmacology
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Nociceptive
- Stress
- Feeding
- Taste preference
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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness
Psychobiotics
J Clin Invest, 2015
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Mungbean @ KU
Anti-inflammation- RAW246.7 cells- Acute liver injury mice- 3T3-L1
Anti-diabetes- Inhibit α-amylase- Inhibit α-glucosidase- Inhibit AGEs formation- Increase insulin signaling
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Mungbean
TLR CD14
LPS
IKKαIKKβ
IκB
PCytoplasm
Nucleus
NF-κB
NF-κB
NF-κB binding site
COX2
iNOS
TAK1
P
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Mungbean @ KU
Anti-diabetes- Inhibit α-amylase- Inhibit α-glucosidase- Inhibit AGEs formation- Increase insulin signaling
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Mungbean @ KU
2020 2021 2022
- Extraction - Drying improve bioavailability pilot scale
- Efficacy in animal models- Acute toxicity
- Subchronic toxicity
2023 – Clinical studies
Novel Food
Health Claim
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Interested focuses
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Europe:Organic & Natural
APAC: Natural & Blend of traditional
North America:Natural