Fungicide Apps for reducing DON and FHB: Do It Right (or not at all)! Dr. Dave Hooker, U of G Ridgetown Campus [email protected]Twitter: cropdoc2 Dr. Art Schaafsma (UGRC) Helmut Spieser (OMAFRA) Albert Tenuta (OMAFRA) Peter Johnson (OMAFRA) Prosaro UTC Caramba ~50% suppression @ Best application @ Optimal timing Both Prosaro and Caramba are excellent fungicides, but they only suppress FHB and reduce DON by about 50% with the BEST application. If coverage could be 100%, then research shows efficacy may be close to 100%. Next to timing, application technology is the limiting factor for greater suppression! Sprayer Rodeo – June 2002 Figure 2. Most of our application technology work started in the late 1990s with dye and UV light. In 2002, we devised a replicated expt to compare airplane and helicopter rigs with ground applicators Back-Fwd Turbo FF TeeJet TwinJet Conventional Turbo FF TeeJet Conventional Turbo FF TeeJet Sprayed 2x – Opposite Directions Figure 4. We used water sensitive papers to evaluate applicator performance. These were orientated around vials in the field to mimic a wheat head. 4 reps x 45 papers per sprayer. The butted edges always faced the rear of the sprayer. Blue dots represent coverage. Yellow represents no coverage. Spikelets on a wheat head would not be protected here. 0 20 40 Backward Forward Nozzles TwinJet Nozzles XR11004 XR11002 Sprayed 2x Chopper Airplane % Average Coverage Spray Coverage vs Application Method Backward Forward Nozzles TwinJet Nozzles XR11004 XR11002 Sprayed 2x Chopper Airplane Aerial apps volume = 4 GPA, vs. 20 GPA for ground sprayers. We used copper sulphate at the same per-acre rate in each sprayer and analyzed the papers for copper. BEST: Back-Fwd design; FAIR: Aerial=rest
Transcript
Fungicide Apps for reducing DON and FHB: Do It Right (or not at all)!
Dr. Dave Hooker, U of G Ridgetown [email protected]: cropdoc2Dr. Art Schaafsma (UGRC)Helmut Spieser (OMAFRA)Albert Tenuta (OMAFRA)Peter Johnson (OMAFRA)
ProsaroUTC Caramba
~50% suppression@ Best application@ Optimal timing
Both Prosaro and Caramba are excellent fungicides, but they only suppress FHB and reduce DON by
about 50% with the BEST application. If coverage could be 100%, then
research shows efficacy may be close to 100%. Next to timing, application technology is the limiting factor for
greater suppression!
Sprayer Rodeo – June 2002
Figure 2.
Most of our application technology work started in the
late 1990s with dye and UV light. In 2002, we devised a replicated expt to compare airplane and helicopter rigs
We used water sensitive papers to evaluate applicator performance. These were
orientated around vials in the field to mimic a wheat head.
4 reps x 45 papers per sprayer.
The butted edges always faced the rear of the sprayer. Blue dots represent coverage. Yellow represents no coverage. Spikelets on a wheat head would not be protected here.
0 20 40
BackwardForwardNozzles
TwinJetNozzles
XR11004
XR11002Sprayed 2x
Chopper
Airplane
% Average Coverage
Spray Coverage vs Application Method
BackwardForwardNozzles
TwinJetNozzles
XR11004
XR11002Sprayed 2x
Chopper
Airplane
Aerial apps volume = 4 GPA, vs. 20 GPA for ground sprayers. We used
copper sulphate at the same per-acre rate in each sprayer and analyzed the
papers for copper. BEST: Back-Fwd design;
FAIR: Aerial=rest
2004 and 2005 Rodeos
Fwd OnlyTurbo TeeJet
Fwd OnlyTurbo FloodJet
TwinJet ConeTwin Cap
TeeJet Duo
AlternatingTurbo Flood
Back OnlyTurbo TeeJet
Back OnlyTurbo FloodJet
Back-FwdTurbo TeeJet
Back-FwdAir-Induction
Rodeos in the 2004-2006 tested other sprayer
configurations
AlternatingTurbo Flood
Nozzle Configurations Compared
FWD-BACK TT1100412 mph
TurboFloodAlternate on Boom
12 mph
TwinJet12 mph
Back-Fwd and the Alternating Turbo FloodJet™ nozzles
resulted in the best coverage
TwinJet nozzles approx 50% less coverage than the 2 on the
left. 50% less control?
0 10 20 30 40 50
Spray Distribution on “Heads” vs Nozzle, 2004
Backward-Forward FF 12 mph
Front Left Back Right
TwinJet 12 mph
% actual coverage
Forward Only FF 12 mph
Backward Only FF 12 mph
Back-Fwd AI tips 12 mph
Alternating Turbo FloodJet 12 mph
All tmts applied at 20 GPA
Cone 12 mph
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Note the variability of coverage on
each “side” of the wheat
head
Fwd OnlyTurbo TeeJet
NDSU Recommendations
cut and pastedNDSU, Halley et al. (2004)
Barley
Wheat
NDSU Recommendations
US recommendation shows poor coverage on one side of the fwd-only
design, similar to our data, but they still recommend.
0
10
20
30
0
10
20
30
0
10
20
30
0
10
20
30
0
10
20
30 Back-Fwd Flat Fan
Alternating Turbo Flood
Back-Fwd Air-
Induction
TeeJetDuo TwinJet
Ideal High8” 16”
Boom Height Affects Coverage!!top viewside view
TeeJet Duo
Increasing boom heights over canopy reduces coverage, but the “best” nozzles at high boom height are still better than the TeeJet Duo or TwinJet at optimal heights.
Ideal High8” 16”
Ideal High8” 16”
Ideal High16” 32”
Ideal High16” 32”
Source: Tom Robinson, Syngenta. UK
Lower boom height = less wind effects. Winds >10 kph result in painting one side of heads. Maintain
water volumes ~20 GPA for less wind effects.Ideal boom height for B-F nozzles and TurboFlood
= 8-12” above canopy
Photo: Luc Bourgeois (Bayer CropScience)
InjuredWheat
HealthyWheat
Clean End
Caps!Résidue d’herbicide dans les
cuves• Le champ de Nappierville montrait des
symptomes de contamination par l’atrazine (par friction sur les roues et chassis du tracteur)
Even wash the outside of the sprayer!!!
Photo: Luc Bourgeois (Bayer CropScience)
Injured Wheat
Sprayer Check ListBackward-Forward Nozzles or Turbo FloodJet™ alternating along boomKeep the 2 nozzle configurations 30 cm (8-12”) above canopyBackward-Fwd nozzles 15 degrees from horizontalMaximize water volume (20 GPA) improves coverage
Ground (best) vs aerial (good)
Sprayer cleanout (critical!)
What’s your custom applicator doing?
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Fungicide Efficacy on DON vs. LevelOCCC Belmont AND Nairn 2013
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Cultivar Ranks from Highest to Lowest DON in Untreated Checks (UTC)
DON (ppm)
These cultivars are highly susceptible to DON accumulation; 50% suppression of DON still feed grade!
