DNV GL © 2015 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENERDNV GL © 2015
Future of Electricity Storage
Haike van de Vegte, DNV GL – Energy
Den Bosch, Oktober 7, 2015
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DNV GLOnly by connecting the details can we impact the bigger picture
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Growing share of renewables
Security and ageing assets
Increasing global demand for
energy
Climate change and extreme
weather
Integration of energy markets
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Power Systems and Electrification
The grid system need at all times to have a balance between production of electricity (supply) and electricity consumption (demand)
Trade high volumes of electricity across great distances
Super grids
Enebling the growth market of Energy Storage
Energy Storage
Innovate and enhance services within Smart and Micro grids
Smart grids
Facilitate the shift of renewables towards the free market
Renewables
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Agenda
� Energy trends
� Technology and societal trends impacting the energy market
� The need for flexibility
� Energy storage:
– Roadmap
– Key value propositions
– Opportunities?!
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Energy scenarios change the energy mix in Europe (Roadmap 2050 EU)
EU decarbonisation scenarios
changing the energy mix
2030 and 2050 range of fuel shares in primary energy
consumption compared with 2005 outcome (%)
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Energy Roadmap 2050, European Commission
Increasing trend
Share of electricity in current trend and in
decarbonisation scenario’s (% of final energy demand)
2030 2050
RES
Gas
Nu
cle
ar
Oil
So
lid
Fu
els
RES
Gas
Nu
cle
ar
Oil
So
lid
Fu
els
2005
Range regarding
decarbonisation
scenarios
Range for current
trends scenarios
Electricity use as part
of the energy mix
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Electrification will ease integration of (local) energy business, housing industry, and automotive sector
Transportation Local energy Smart devices
Smart home appliances, innovative services, etc.
E.g. micro CHP’s: local heating and electricity
production
Electric vehicles will become mainstream
Green gas application
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New market players will change the game, with new roles?
� Energy, and especially electricity has been a commodity market
� New market players approach ‘end-users’ as clients!
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Smart thermostats (Nest)
Powerwall (Tesla)Solarwatt (BMW)
Energy insight (Plugwise)
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Flexibility instruments to enable high RES penetration
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Demand Side Management
Supergrids / InterconnectorsEnergy storage
Flexible Power
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Roadmap Energy Storage 2030
� Topsector Energy
� TKI Wind at sea / TKI Solar
� DNV GL, Berenschot, TU Delft
� Objectives:
– Determine desired, respectively necessary future role of energy storage in the
Netherlands.
– Develop an action plan for the Dutch government to actually realize this role.
– Opportunities for ‘BV The Netherlands’.
� Part of a larger research program: ‘System integration’
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Current international situation & developments
� Main markets in most European countries are on
– a) storage behind the meter,
– b) island grids and
– c) storage for ancillary services
� Germany: self-usage requirements & subsidy on purchase price battery storage
� Italy: high penetration of RES and inability to adequately invest in grid
reinforcement
� USA: mandate of 1.3 GW of EES in California, adapting legislation (allowing non-
generating agents such as DR and storage) and identification of specifications
(speed, accuracy)
� UK: National Grid developing a new market design around energy storage
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Expected impact and benefits
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R&D for cost reduction
• Lowering TCO of an energy storage system and so boosting storage-business
Market models and regulation
• Stimulating new business models.
• Reducing market barriers
Standardisation
• Moving from a project-by-project based market to a product-market
• Create a level playing field
Job growth and Innovation• Stimulate start-ups in field of storage system integrations, storage safety,
refurbishing, design and recycling
• Boosting innovation, knowledge, and scientific, both regionally and nationally
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Second life Application: Pampus Power island
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2nd life
battery
Pampus - Avoided Grid cost: € 2 000 000 for a cable
Aim: Autarky rate of 70%, local RE production and local use with a 24 kWh battery (without the diesel generator / grid)
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E-storage demand
BatteryReuse for
localelectricitystorage
Reuse of cost effective Electric Vehicle Batteries for storage solutions
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ABattReLife
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Partners:
Country:
Period:
Project topic:
Project objectives:
� Develop second life applications for end of
first life EV batteries
� Create new market models for re-using and
recycling EV batteries
� Life cycle assessment for second life
applications
Automotive partners: PSA, BMW
Germany, France, the Netherlands
2011 – present
Battery reuse and recycling
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rem
ain
ing
cap
acit
y [%
]
number of cycles
Battery Service life
Second life: 80% DoD
Recycling?
100% DoD
80% DoD
20% DoD
e.g. PV
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AES Advancion
� 10 MW (20MW flexible capacity)
� Primary Reserve Market
� Delta
� TenneT
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Recommended Practice on Grid-Connected Energy Storage
� DNV GL issues Recommended Practice on grid-connected energy storage systems
– Guidelines and methods to evaluate, assess and test safety, operation and
performance of grid-connected ES systems
– Referencing ISO, IEC and IEEE standards if possible, enhancing where needed
– Approach: technology agnostic, specific where necessary; worldwide application
� Objective:
– Reduce risks, stimulate safe and optimal implementation
– Provide industry guidance in the absence of comprehensive standards
� Creation: Joint Industry Project
– Industry consortium: manufacturers, end users, other stakeholders, academia
– Publication: December 2015 (IEC TC-120: late 2017 / beginning of 2018)
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Storage behind the meter
� 3600 kWh household
� 2400 kWh solar-PV
� 5kWh storage system
� 5 days in March, June, December
� Five days in June
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HEMSflow – Insight in the energy flows in a prosumer house
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Client:
Country:
Period:
Project topic:
HEMSflow objectives:
� Develop a model in Python to analyse the
behaviour of battery storage in combination
with PV in a household
� Model various ‘household strategies’ such as
full autarky and maximum self-consumption
� Calculate system losses
� Analyse optimal configuration for battery size
Confidential
Netherlands
2012 - 2014
Simulation of household energy storage
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Key Take-Aways
�Electric energy storage is taking off, be prepared!
�Operational experience and standardisation
�Value assessment and remuneration
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SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER
www.dnvgl.com
Thank you
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Haike van de Vegte
+31 (0)6 211 94956