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THE LARYNX, NASAL CAVITY and PARANASAL SINUSES B. L. Manion, Ph.D.
Transcript

  • THE LARYNX, NASAL

    CAVITY and PARANASAL

    SINUSES

    B. L. Manion, Ph.D.

  • OBJECTIVES for the Larynx

    Be able to describe the major cartilages of the larynx.

    Be able to describe the laryngeal aditus and its relationship to the

    laryngopharynx.

    Be able to describe the major membranes and ligaments associated

    with the larynx.

  • OBJECTIVES for the Larynx

    Be able to describe the muscles associated with the larynx.

    Be able to describe the laryngeal cavity.

    Be able to describe the passage of air through the larynx.

    Be able to relate the anatomy of the larynx to clinical situations.

  • OBJECTIVES for the Larynx

    Be able to describe the vascularization and innervation of the larynx.

  • Thyroid Cartilage

    Cricoid Cartilage

    Epiglottic Cartilage

    First Tracheal Ring

    Hyoid Bone

    Thyrohyoid Membrane

    Cricothyroid Ligament

    Opening for Internal

    Laryngeal N. and

    Superior Laryngeal

    Vessels to supply

    vestibule of the larynx

    Synovial joint between

    thyroid and cricoid cartilages

    Cricotracheal Ligament

    The Laryngeal Cartilages

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Laryngeal Cartilages

    First Tracheal Ring

    Cricothyroid Ligament

    Emergency cricothyrotomies

    are done here

    A tracheotomy is usually

    done by cutting through

    the second or third

    tracheal rings

    A tracheostomy is a

    permanent situation where

    the tracheal mucosa is

    brought into continuity with

    the skin and they are sutured

    together

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Laryngeal Cartilages

    Cricoid Cartilage

    Thyroid Cartilage

    Epiglottic Cartilage

    Arytenoid Cartilage

    First Tracheal Ring Posterior fibromuscular wall of trachea - fits

    against the esophagus

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Laryngeal Cartilages

    Thyroid Cartilage

    Vocal Ligament

    Arytenoid Cartilage

    Cricoid Cartilage

    Synovial joint between

    cricoid and thyroid cartilages

    Tilting of cricoid cartilage on the

    thyroid cartilage caused by the

    cricothyroid m. grossly adjusts

    the tension in the vocal ligament

    The rotational movements of the

    arytenoid cartilage caused by

    intrinsic laryngeal mm. can finely

    adjust the tension in the vocal

    ligaments and change the space

    (rima glottitis) between the vocal

    cords

    Elastic Cone

  • The Laryngeal Inlet

    Epiglottis

    Pharyngeal tongue

    Posterior view of pharynx

    by cutting posterior wall

    of pharynx

    Soft palate

    Piriform Recess

    Esophagus

    Thyroid gland

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

    Aryepiglottic Fold Laryngeal Inlet or

    Aditus

  • The Laryngeal Cavity

    Epiglottis

    Vocal Fold

    Ventricle

    Cricoid Cartilage

    Hyoid Bone

    Vestibular Fold

    1st tracheal ring

    Pharyngeal tongue

    Aryepiglottic Fold

    Thyroid Cartilage

    Vestibule

    Thyrohyoid Ligament

    Infraglottic Cavity

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Laryngeal Cavity

    Vestibular Ligament

    Vocal Ligament

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

    Cricothyroid M.

    Action is to stretch and

    tense vocal ligament -

    innervation by external

    laryngeal n. (CN X)

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Air Passageway

    Aryepiglottic Fold

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Air Passageway

    Arytenoid Cartilage

    Thyroid

    Cartilage

    Cricoid

    Cartilage

    Rima Glottidis Vocal fold

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Air Passageway

    Position of

    vocal folds

    during

    respiration Epiglottis

    Cricoid cartilage

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Air Passageway

    Position of

    vocal folds

    during

    phonation

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Vascularization and Innervation

    Glossopharyngeal N.

    Superior

    Laryngeal N.

    Internal

    Laryngeal N.

    Recurrent

    Laryngeal N.

    Superior Laryngeal A.

    Inferior Laryngeal A.

    from inferior thyroid a. a

    branch of the thyrocervical

    trunk

    from superior thyroid a.

    sensory to vestibule

    sensory to infraglottic area

    and motor to intrinsic

    laryngeal mm. except

    cricothyroid Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Vascularization and Innervation

    Vagus N.

    Internal Laryngeal N.

    External

    laryngeal N.

    Superior Laryngeal N.

    Glossopharyngeal N.

    Hypoglossal N.

    Accessory N.

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • OBJECTIVES for the NASAL

    CAVITY and PARANASAL

    SINUSES Be able to describe the boundaries of

    the nasal cavity.

    Be able to the describe the nasal meatuses.

    Be able to describe the paranasal sinuses and their drainage.

  • The Nasal Cavity

    Anterior Nasal or

    Piriform Aperture Bony Nasal Septum

    Middle Nasal Concha

    Inferior Nasal Concha

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Nasal Cavity

    Cartilaginous

    Septum

    Perpendicular Plate of

    the Ethmoid Bone

    Vomer

    Crista Galli

    Hard Palate

    Palatine Bone

    Cribriform Plate

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Nasal Cavity

    Inferior Nasal Concha

    Middle Nasal

    Concha Inferior Nasal

    Meatus

    Middle

    Nasal

    Meatus

    Crista Galli

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Nasal Cavity

    Superior Nasal Concha

    Middle Nasal Concha

    Inferior Nasal Concha

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Nasal Cavity

    Nasal Septum covered by

    mucous membrane

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Nasal Cavity

    Inferior

    Nasal

    Concha

    Middle Nasal

    Concha

    Superior Nasal Concha

    Superior

    Nasal

    Meatus

    Middle Nasal

    Meatus Inferior Nasal

    Meatus Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy, 13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Nasal Cavity

    Internal Nasal

    Choanae

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Paranasal Sinuses

    Frontal Sinus

    Ethmoidal Sinuses

    Maxillary Sinus

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Paranasal Sinuses

    Frontal

    Sinus

    Maxillary

    Sinus

    Sphenoidal

    Sinus

    Ethmoidal

    Sinuses

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Paranasal Sinuses

    Maxillary Sinus

    Frontal Sinus

    Ethmoidal

    Sinuses

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • Sphenoidal Sinus

    Frontal Sinus

    The Paranasal Sinuses

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Paranasal Sinuses

    Sphenoidal

    Sinus

    Ethmoidal Sinus

    Frontal Sinus

    Nasal M

    eatu

    ses

    Superior

    Middle

    Inferior Sphenoethmoidal

    Recess Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM

  • The Paranasal Sinuses

    Sphenoidal

    Sinus

    Nasolacrimal Duct

    Frontal

    Sinuses

    Ethmoidal

    Sinuses (some)

    Maxillary Sinus

    Ethmoid Sinuses (some)

    Sobotta, Atlas of Human Anatomy,

    13th English Ed., version 1, CD-ROM


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