G8

G8 – SUMMIT & GLOBALIZATION – ENERGY SECURITY

Martin Pegner, Eliska Stadler, Lior Shaked

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Introduction of G8

History of G8

Past summits of G8

G8 Agenda

Energy Security

Oil and other fossil fuel depletion

Reliance on foreign sources of energy and geopolitics

Economic efficiency versus population growth

Need to invest in alternatives to fossil fuels

Summary

Q&A

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INTRO

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What is G8

The Group of Eight (G8) is an international forum for the governments of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States. Together, these countries represent about 65% of the world economy. •Forum of world's major industrialised democracies •1973 oil crisis and subsequent global recession•1974 the United States created the Library Group, an informal gathering of senior financial officials from the United States, the United Kingdom, West Germany, Japan and Poland•1975 French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing invited the heads of government from West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States to a summit in Rambouillet - Group of Six (G6)•1976 Canada joined the group at the behest of U.S – group became known as the Group of Seven (G7)•The European Union is represented by the President of the European Commission•summit at the country that holds the Presidency of the Council of the European Union - first United Kingdom in 1977•1994 Russia had separate meeting with leaders of the G7 after the main summit•Russia formally joined the group in 1997, resulting in the Group of Eight (G8)

last summits agenda

•Africa•climate change•counter terrorism•non proliferation•supporting reform in the broader Middle East and North Africa

•global energy security•infectious diseases•education

•growth and responsibility in the global economy•growth and responsibility in Africa

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IT HEILIG

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SUMMIT

# Heiligendamm Summit, June 6-8, 2007

# Investment, Innovation, Sustainability * World Economy * Free Trade * Protectionism * Employment * Global Imbalances * Systematic Stability and Transparency of Financial Markets and Hedge Funds * Freedom of Investment and Global Investment Conditions * Innovation and Trademark Piracy * Nuclear Energy * Sustainable Resource Use and Climate Change

# Africa: Good Governance, Sustainable Investment, Peace and Security * Partnership for Reform * Health and HIV/AIDS * Official Development Assistance * African Economic Development and Democratic Development * African Outreach

# Cooperation with Emerging Countries# Regional Issues * Sudan * North Korea * Iran * Middle East

# Social Dimensions of Globalization# Russian Participation

ANTI-SUMMIT

• Animal Liberation• Anti-militarism• Anti-racism• Bio-technology• Climate Chaos• Culture• Ecology• Education• Free Spaces• Gender• Globalisation• Health• Iraq• Migration• Palestine• Repression• Social Struggles• Technology• Terror War• Workers' Movements

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GLOBALIZATION ISSUES

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ICEnergy Security

• Oil and other fossil fuel depletion (peak oil, etc)• Reliance on foreign sources of energy• Geopolitics (such as supporting dictatorships, rising terrorism, “stability” of nations that supply energy)• Energy needs of poorer countries, and demands from advancing developing countries such as China and India• Economic efficiency versus population growth debate• Environmental issues, in particular climate change• Renewables and other alternative energy sources

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ICOil and other fossil fuel depletion

FEAR

• finite amount of fossil fuels• already peaked in fossil fuel extraction• mixture of politics, power play and corruption

• Will markets solve this problem?

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ICReliance on foreign sources of energy and geopolitics

• foreign policy decisions in past years• order to destabilize the Soviet Union during the Cold War• the United States successfully trained Islamic extremist• China and India are increasingly active in many regions around the world• places like Nigeria, Iraq, Iran, etc. • Venezuela, “threaten” to use oil and its related profits• Brazil, China, and India, will also increase interest in ensuring access to energy

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ICEconomic efficiency versus population growth

• rich country blame of global problems at the developing countries• changes in energy usage/efficienty, fuel consumption, or driving habits in the industrialized countries is discussed

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ICNeed to invest in alternatives to fossil fuels

• pour more resources into the research and development of alternatives• Nuclear power is one alternative• Many have called for a massive infusion of funds• (alternatives such as solar, wind, and wave power)• strict neoliberal economic ideology argue that the state should not interfere in markets

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SUM

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Energy security

• governments subsidizing renewable and alternatives could reflect the desires of many of that nation’s constituents• The leaders predict that by 2030 approximately 80 percent of world energy demand will still be met by fossil fuels• Encouraging a Market-Oriented Approach to Energy Security• Developing Strategies to Mitigate Energy Supply Disruptions• Advancing Alternative and Advanced Energy Sources and Technology• Increasing Energy Efficiency

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Q & A

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RCEShttp://www.globalissues.org/energy/

http://www.energy.gov/news/3347.htm

http://useu.usmission.gov/Dossiers/Energy/default.asp

http://www.euractiv.cz/evropa-dnes0/clanek/g8-bude-jednat-o-sdlen-jadern-energie-s-novmi-ekonomikami

http://www.g-8.de/Webs/G8/EN/G8Summit/Agenda/agenda.htmlhttp://www.g8.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1094235519969http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/http://www.antig8.tk/home_en.phphttp://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/topics/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_G8_summithttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6731045.stm