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Game GenreGame Genre
Classification of Classification of GamesGames
How do Games work?How do Games work?
Genres and FunGenres and Fun
FPSFPS Action AdventureAction Adventure HorrorHorror StealthStealth SportsSports Simulation or toysSimulation or toys War GamesWar Games RPGRPG
What do you do in the Game?
Why is it fun?
Game GenreGame Genre
FPS (First Person Shooter)
• What do you do?• How is this fun? Half Life
Game GenreGame Genre
Sports• What do you do?• How is this fun?
FIFA
Game GenreGame Genre
Simulation or Toys• What do you do?• How is this fun?
Movies
Sims
Game GenreGame GenreSilent Hill II
Horror• What do you do?• How is this fun?
Game GenreGame GenreBlood Omen
Action/Adventure• What do you do?• How is this fun?
Game GenreGame Genre
RPG• What do you do?• How is this fun?
Game GenreGame GenreCivilization IV RTS
• What do you do?• How is this fun?
Game GenreGame GenreThief
Stealth• What do you do?• How is this fun?
Game GenreGame GenreWorld of Warcraft
MMORPG• What do you do?• How is this fun?
Game GenreGame GenreInteractive Narrative• Choose dialogue• Choose your own adventure
Façade
Fear
FPS (First Person Shooter) Horror
Classification Classification SystemsSystems
Games can be Games can be classifiedclassified MDA 8 Kinds of FunMDA 8 Kinds of Fun
Games can be Games can be classifiedclassified ContestContest ChanceChance ImprovisationImprovisation SensationSensation
Dramatic Elements
Dynamic System
Formal
Elements
Where to Begin?Where to Begin?
Games are SystemsGames are Systems
Formal ElementsFormal Elements– PlayersPlayers– ObjectivesObjectives– RulesRules– ProceduresProcedures– ResourcesResources– BoundariesBoundaries– OutcomeOutcome
How is the interaction between the players organized?
What goals structure the
play?
What rules guide or limit the players’ actions?
How does the play proceed?
What resources are available to players to accomplish their goals?
What are the boundaries of the experience?
How will it end?
Dramatic ElementsDramatic Elements
PremisePremise CharacterCharacter StoryStory ChallengeChallenge PlayPlay
Chess = medieval warChess = medieval war
Murder MysteryMurder Mystery
How to make a good How to make a good game?game? Establish balance: FlowEstablish balance: Flow No dominant StrategyNo dominant Strategy Progression Tension: a way for Progression Tension: a way for
the player to growthe player to grow Outcome uncertainty, but visibleOutcome uncertainty, but visible Reward/Punishment SystemsReward/Punishment Systems
Composing a SystemComposing a System
Setup the mechanics and dynamics Setup the mechanics and dynamics to create a to create a balanced balanced GamePlayGamePlay
Ways to establish Ways to establish balancebalance Manipulating numbersManipulating numbers Introducing chanceIntroducing chance Manipulating rulesManipulating rules Use trade-off matrixUse trade-off matrix Encoding the game as another Encoding the game as another
balanced game, e.g. Rock, Paper, balanced game, e.g. Rock, Paper, ScissorsScissors
How to make a good How to make a good game?game? Establish balance: FlowEstablish balance: Flow No dominant StrategyNo dominant Strategy Progression Tension: a way for Progression Tension: a way for
the player to growthe player to grow Outcome uncertainty, but visibleOutcome uncertainty, but visible Reward/Punishment SystemsReward/Punishment Systems
Avoid Dominant Avoid Dominant StrategiesStrategies
Are strategies that gives you a Are strategies that gives you a win no matter what.win no matter what.
E.g.E.g.
Any game Examples?Any game Examples?
Wife Birthday Not Wife’s Birthday
Buy Flowers 10 20
Don’t Buy Flowers
-100 0
How to make a good How to make a good game?game? Establish balance: FlowEstablish balance: Flow No dominant StrategyNo dominant Strategy Progression Tension: a way for Progression Tension: a way for
the player to grow the player to grow Outcome uncertainty, but visibleOutcome uncertainty, but visible Reward/Punishment SystemsReward/Punishment Systems