Gametogenesis

Ploidy

The number of sets of chromosomes

in a biological cell

Germline Cells

Cells that give rise to gametes

(eggs and sperm)

Gametes

Haploid cells that contribute

genetic materialto offspring

Somatic Cells(body cells)

Diploid cells that form the body

Meiosis

cell division producing haploid cells

from diploid cells

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Oogenesis

The formation of eggs

oogoniadiploid

germline cells]

FollicleA sheath of somatic cells

that enclose oocytes

Polar Bodies

Small cells formed by meiosis during the development of an oocyte into an egg

Spermatogenesis

The production of sperm

Spermatogonia

stem cells giving riseto spermatocytes

Spermatogonia that undergo meiosis

become

Spermatocytes

Spermatids

haploid cellsthat may be joined by

thin cytoplasmic bridges

Spermatids

undergo dramatic reorganization

to become

Spermatozoa

the arcosome is formed,

and most of the cytoplasm and organelles

(cytoskeleton, ER, Golgi)are “sloughed off”

SeminiferousTubule

Capacitation

Further maturation of sperm

in the female reproductive tract

Capacitation

The process by whichsperm become

competent to fertilize

Fertilization

Reinstatement of the diploid chromosome number