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P d A GAMOS G4WS07 13th S t b 2007 1

GAMOS(GEANT4-based Architecture forMedical-Oriented Simulations)

Status and plans

Pedro Arce uboisPedro !ato Mendes

"#EMAT$ Madrid

%&th GEANT4 'orshopebden *rid+e (,)$ %.-%/ September &001

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Pedro Arce GAMOS G4WS07 13th September 2007 1

P d A c GAMOS G4WS07 13th S pt mb 2007 2

Introduction GAMOS objective p!u"#in

GAMOS component Geometr$ Movement Gener%tor Ph$ic &er %ction Senitive detector %nd hit

'econtructed hit Scorin" (ito"r%m )iu%!i*%tion

#nde2

&ti!itie P%r%meter m%n%"ement

)erboit$ m%n%"ement Input +i!e m%n%"ement

,-%mp!e

P,. /O'A doimetr$

'%diother%p$

&e o+ GAMOS

Summ%r$

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P d A GAMOS G4WS07 13th S pt mb 2007 3

Easy to use

Simulate a medical project with a minimal knowledge of GEANT4

and no need of C++

Base it on ascripting langauge

Complete

Provide all the functionality+or omeone 5ho 5%nt to imu!%te %

medical physics project

At least as complete as possible

Ob3ecties

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Flexible

Users always need to do something or to extract some info in a

way you hae not foreseen

!ain users are research groups

GEANT4 has a lot of possi"ilities# eer increasing

$f your framework is too rigid# you will end hiding some of these

possi"ilities to the users

C++ cannot "e aoided if you want to "e flexi"le# "ut you hae to

make it easy%

&ase it on the plug'in mechanism

(roide templates and easy instructions for each plug'in type

Ob3ecties

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The main GAMOS program has no predefined componentsno fixed !ay to build geometry" no fixed physics list" no fixed sensiti#e

detector type"$% At run&time user selects !hich components to load through user commands They are selected !ith a user command and loaded through the plug&in

mechanism

User has full freedomin choosing components

User can define a component not foreseenby GAMOS

)rite C++and use it through an user command

Mix it with any other component

6or the p!u"#in imp!ement%tion in GAMOS it h% been choen the

/,' !ibr%r$ S,A8 On!$ % +e5 ubp%c9%"e %nd :m%9e compi!in" inte%d o+ :S/'AM compi!in"

GAMOS plu+-in5s

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C'' code( .he uu%! G,A.4 5%$

Add one !ine to transform your class in a plug&inDEFINE_GAMOS_GEOMETRY (MyGeometry);

o th%t $ou c%n e!ect it in $our input m%cro/gamos/geometry MyGeometry

)efine it in ASC** files

.he e%iet 5%$ to de+ine % "eometr$ ;%ed on imp!e t%"

+sing one of the GAMOS examples Simp!e P,. c%n be de+ined throu"h %n

cr$t%!=-?$?*> r%diu> @

,eading )*COM files /M.B too!9it AS/II ,GS +orm%t GAMOS &e G4'e"u!%r%vi"%tion +or +%t n%vi"%tion ee .hurd%$ t%!9

Geometr6

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;%ed on imp!e t%"> 5ith %me order o+ p%r%meter % correpondin" G,A.4c!%e

:ELEM Hyroge! H "# "#

:$OL% yo&e :T%'S Iro! *#+,m -*.# "#*+m

:0LA1E yo&e " e23Ha44 R. .#. .#. .#+,m

MA.,'IA8S Iotope ,!ement Simp!e m%teri%! M%teri%! mi-ture b$ 5ei"ht> vo!ume or number o+ %tom

SO8IS A!! C/SGD %nd Cpeci+icD o!id ;oo!e%n o!id

'O.A.IO MA.'I/,S 3 rot%tion %n"!e %round E>F> H thet% %nd phi %n"!e o+ E>F> %-i m%tri- v%!ue

Geometr6 from AS"## files

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P8A/,M,.S

Simp!e p!%cement

iviion

'ep!ic%

P%r%meteri%tion 8ine%r> circu!%r or Ju%re

6or comp!ic%ted p%r%meteri%tion e-%mp!e o+ ho5 to mi- the /KK p%r%meteri%tion5ith the AS/II "eometr$ +i!e

/O8O&'S

)IS&A8ISA.IO O?O66


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PA'AM,.,'S

/%n be de+ined to ue them !%ter

:0 I!!erR "*#

:$OL% yo&e :T%'S Iro! $InnerR-*.# "*.#

A'I.(M,.I/ ,EP',SSIOS

,!%bor%ted e-preion c%n be ued

:$OL% yo&e :T%'S Iro! s5!(6ANG7)+*89+,os(e23("#)) -*.# "*.#

&I.S

e+%u!t unit +or e%ch v%!ue

,%ch v%!u!e c%n be overridden b$ uer

:0 1o!e05 "#+ra


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Inc!ude other +i!e

5!,4

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&ti!itie th%t c%n be ued throu"h % comm%nd or +rom %n$ p%rt o+ the uer code

Material factory GAMOS reads material list from a text file

A G$Material can be built at user re%uest

G4Material* bgo = GmMaterialMgr::GetInstance() -

>GetG4Material(BGO);

&rinting list of Materials S'lids (ogical )olumes &hysical )olumes Toucha"les

*ind a )olume by name +(,- &, or touchable.

/elete a )olume +and daugthers. by name

Some +eometr6 utilities

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Fou c%n move % vo!ume b$ uin" comm%nd

,ver$ event or ever$ interv%! o+ time

time or +orever

Fou c%n de+ine %n o++et

ip!%ce or rot%te it Fou c%n decribe any -ind of mo#ementb$ uin" %n AS/II +i!e

5here $ou de+ine the poition %nd rot%tion o+ the vo!ume %t e%ch

tep

Sever%! movement o+ di++erent or the %me vo!ume c%n be et

Moements

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Generator

C'' code

.he uu%! G,A.4 5%$

Add one !ine to transform your class in a plug&inDEFINE_GAMOS_GENERATOR(MyGe!erator);

o th%t $ou c%n e!ect it in $our input m%cro

/gamos/ge!erator MyGe!erator

GA!* generator

01ombine any number of single particlesor decaying isotopes

0,or each particle or isotopeuser may select by user commands a combination

of time# energy# position and directiondistributions

Or create its own and select it by a user command +transforming it into a plug2in.

DEFINE_GAMOS_DIST_0OSITION(My0osO!05ram5a44);

/gamos/ge!erator/3os5t5o!D5st MYSO%R1E" My0osO!05ram5a44 "#+,m

Also your class may deri)e from se)eral of these +for introducing correlations.

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Ph6sics

C'' code

.he uu%! G,A.4 5%$

Add one !ine to transform your class in a plug&in

DEFINE_GAMOS_0HYSI1S_LIST (My0ys5,sL5st);

o th%t $ou c%n e!ect it in $our input m%cro

/gamos/3ys5,sL5st My0ys5,sL5st

An$ o++ici%! G,A.4 ph$ic !it c%n be e%i!$ ued throu"h % uer comm%nd

0GA!* physics list

0&ased on GEANT4 hadrotherapy adanced example

0User can com"ine different physics lists for photons# electrons#

positrons# muons# protons and ions

0-ummy one for isualisation

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P d A GAMOS G4WS07 13 h S b 2007 15

,ser actions

User can ha)e as many user actions of any type as he3she wants

User can acti)ate a user action by a user command

0GAMOS user actions or her3his own

04ust adding a line after the user action to transform it into a plug2in

DEFINE_GAMOS_%SER_A1TION(My%serA,t5o!);so that you can select it in your input macro

/gasos/

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P d A GAMOS G4WS07 13 h S b 2007 16

Sensitie etectors

.o produce hit in G,A.4 % uer h% to

e+ine % c!% inheritin" +rom G4)SenitiveetectorAoci%te it to % G48o"ic%!)o!ume

/re%te hit in the Proce(it method

/!e%n the hit %t ,ndO+,vent

0$n GA!* you can do all this with a user command

/gamos/assocSD2LogVol SD_CLASS SD_TYPE LOGVOL_NAME

S=/8ASS the G4)Senitiveetector c!%

S=.FP, %n identi+ier trin"> o th%t di++erent S?hit c%n h%ve di++erent

tre%tment

Fou c%n cre%te $our o5n S c!% %nd m%9e it % p!u"in

DEFINE_GAMOS_SENSDET(MySD);

o th%t $ou c%n e!ect it on $our input m%cro

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P d A GAMO G4W 07 13 h b 2007 17

its

0A GA!* hit has the following information

0 G4int theet!nitI; I o+ the enitive vo!ume cop$

G4int the"#entI;$G4%o&ble the"nerg';

$G4%o&ble theimeMin; time o+ the +irt , depoit

$G4%o&ble theimeMa; time o+ the !%t , depoit

$G4hreeector the+osition;

$st%::set,,G4int,>, therac.Is; !it o+ %!! tr%c9 th%t contributed

$st%::set,,G4int,>, the+rimar'rac.Is; !it o+ %!! :prim%r$Ntr%c9 th%t

contributed

$st%::#ector,,Gamos"e/o*,>, the"e/os; !it o+ %!! depoited ener"ie

$G40tring the0'/e;

&er c%n cre%te hi?her o5n hit c!%

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P d G MO G4W 07 13 h b 2007 18

i+iti7er

i"iti*%tion i ver$ detector peci+ic it i not poib!e to provide %

"ener%! o!ution

GAMOS jut provide % imp!e di"iti*er05 hit 5digit

0Merge hits close enough

0ame set of sensitie olumes

0Closer than a gien distance@ %nd % b%ic tructure

06its compatible in time +spanning )arious e)ents.

0#rigger

0&ulse simulation

0Sampling0"oise

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P d G M G4 0 1 h b 20019

!econstructed hits

.he di"it%! i"n%! bui!d b$ % di"iti*er c%n be converted to

recontructed hit poition> time> ener"$ throu"h % 'ec(it;ui!der

%!o % p!u"#in

Fou c%n %!o ue it %ctin" direct!$ on hit

e" +or mer"in" hit

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etector effects

!easuring time

# A detector i not %b!e to ep%r%te i"n%! +rom di++erent event i+

the$ come c!oe in time

-ead time

# When % detector i tri""ered> thi detector or even the 5ho!e

"roup it be!on" to i not %b!e to t%9e d%t% durin" ome time

;oth c%n be et b$ the uer in the input m%croA di++erent time +or e%ch S=.FP,

1gamos1set+aram 0:2its:Meas&ringime:3alor 56 ns

S

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Scorin+

GAMOS scoring is based on GEA.T/ scoring

#Fou c%n ue it throu"h uer comm%nd

G,A.4 primitive corer %re p!u"#inNFou c%n e%i!$ %dd $our o5n one

G,A.4 corer +i!ter %re p!u"#inNFou c%n e%i!$ %dd $our o5n one

A third t$pe o+ p!u"#in GmScorer6orm%tter

.o de+ine the +orm%t o+ $our corin" b$ ener"$ bin> b$vo!ume I> @.o de+ine $our output +orm%t

i

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isto+rams

Same code to create and fill histograms independent of the formatGAMOS t%9e c%re o+ 5ritin" the +i!e in the choen +orm%t %t the end o+ job

Ori"in%!!$ b%ed on /,' p%c9%"e PI;ut PI i not upported %n$ more

/urrent!$ o5n +orm%t> output in ,OOTor CS0/omm% Sep%r%ted

)%!ue te-t +i!e

GmAnalysisMgr9eep % !it o+ histograms o th%t the$can be accessedfrom any part of the code" by number or name

Gm2its"#entMgr::GetInstance(/et)->Get2isto(784)->9ill(ener);

Gm2its"#entMgr::GetInstance(/et)->Get2isto(3alor0: hitsenerg')->9ill(ener);

There can be se#eral files" each one !ith its o!n histograms

When creating an histogram, user chooses file name

P t t

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Parameter mana+ement

Gm(arameter!grhe!p the uer to de+ine %nd ue % p%r%meter

A p%r%meter i de+ined in the input macro1gamos1set+aram 0:2its:"nerg'esol&tion 56

&er c%n get it v%!ue in any part of the codeloat eneresol = Gm+arameterMgr::GetInstance()

->Get

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8erbosit6 mana+ement

&er c%n contro! the verboit$ o+ the di++erent GAMOS

component independent!$1gamos1#erbosit' GamosGenererb 8

1gamos1#erbosit' Gamos0erb 7

/%n be ued in ne5 code trivi%!!$ G4co&t AnaVerb(2) creating m' histograms G4en%l;

G4co&t AnaVerb(DebgVerb) energ' is ener G4en%l;

&er c%n e%i!$ de+ine it o5n verboit$ t$pe contro!!ed b$ % uer

comm%nd

K 1 !eve! o+ verboit$0Silent,erb 7 25

0!rror,erb 7 8 +default.

09arning,erb 7 5

0nfo,erb 7 :

0/ebug,erb 7 ;

0#est,erb 7 $

8 b it t (##)

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8erbosit6 mana+ement (##)

Trac-ing0erbose by e#ent and trac- number(It c%n be e!ected +or 5hich event %nd tr%c9 number the

C?tr%c9in"?verboeD comm%nd become %ctive

1gamos1&serction rac.ingerbose!

1gamos1set+aram rac.ingerbose:"#entMin 555

1gamos1set+aram rac.ingerbose:"#entMa 55

1gamos1set+aram rac.ingerbose:rac.Min 5

1gamos1set+aram rac.ingerbose:rac.Ma 75

Also your o!n #erbosity can be s!itched on2off by e#ent

,undamental for de"ugging strange eents.

# t fil t

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#nput file mana+ement

Some %!"orithm need to re%d in % d%t% +i!e

In GAMOS the file does not ha#e to be on the current directory ,%ier to ue the %me +i!e in ever%! %pp!ic%tion

GAMOS3SEA,C431AT4v%ri%b!e cont%in the !it o+ directorie

5here the +i!e i !oo9ed +or&er c%n %dd more directorie

A li ti PET

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Pedro Arce GAMOS G4WS07 13th September2007 27

Applications9 PET

A +u!! P,. %pp!ic%tion i %v%i!%b!eModu!e +or bui!din" % imp!e P,. 5it % +e5 p%r%meter

Sever%! contro! hito"r%m,vent c!%i+ic%tion

/.I ,/A. ,-%ct 22 G, icover$ S. P,.?/. detector

h%ve been imu!%ted'eu!t %"ree 5ith d%t%

/!e%rP,. detector i bein" imu!%ted 5ith GAMOS

;r%inP,. ree%rch project i bein" imu!%ted 5ith GAMOS

A li ti "ON!A 'P4

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Applications9 "ON!A 'P4

1O"

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Applications9 !adiotherap6

M*,AS Medical *maging ,adiotherapy and Simulation%&roject aimed to facilitate all =ind of %nd % e%i!$P,,8OP, peop!e ho5ed interet meetin" %t ;%rce!on% ne-t 5ee9

;,AMnrc ,GSnrc to GAMOS tr%n!%torGeometr$Gener%torPh$ic cut)%ri%nce reduction optino@On pro"re@

A li ti ! di th

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Applications9 !adiotherap6

M*,AS Medical *maging ,adiotherapy and Simulation%

I/OM re%der

OSEF ,GS te-t +orm%t

GAMOS;%ed on /M.B tooo!9it > the de#+%cto t%nd%rd +or re%din" I/OM +i!e

%n$ I/OM c%n e%i!$ be re%d

MI'AS i "oin" to be preented %t

10th ,6OMP ,urope%n 6eder%tion o+ Or"%ni%tion +or Medic%! Ph$ic/on"re> Pi%> It%!$> 20#22 September 2007Im%"in" .echno!o"ie in ;iomedic%! Science 2007 con+erence> Mi!o> Greece>

22#2< September 2007

MI'AS coure %t M%drid in ovember 2007

,se of GAMOS

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,se of GAMOS

A set of scripts to download it and install it automatically$ncluded compilation of GEANT4# C/0E(# EA/ 1 2**T

Tested on cientific /inux 3 1 4# ,edora Core 4# # 5 1 6 and-e"ian

&ase GEANT4 software at the medical physics and electronics

departments of C$E!AT'!adrid

GA!* course at /a 0a"ana# Cu"a# 7uly 8995

GA!* course at /ima# (erou# *cto"er 8995

&eta'testers in &russels# &elgium and Tennessee# UA :Townsend

;s group< uniersities

Course at !adrid for pain medical simulation users community in

Summar6

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Summar6

GA!* is a user'friendly and flexi"le GEANT4'"ased framework

for medical simulations

allows the user to do G!A"#$ simulation through user commandsplug'in=sallow to easily extend its functionalityby writing C++

classes that can then be used through user commands

Software engineering techni%ues ha)e been applied with the aim ofbuilding a framewor=

Easy to use# complete and flexi"le

GA!* core is application independent

Se)eral medical applicationsare being built on top of GAMOS

core +&!#- /osimetry-

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